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Difference between revisions of "Hans Medel"

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| <p>And how you shall uncover with the hanging and the winding and execute all the afore named plays, you will find it all taught and written hereafter in the explanation and glosses of the recital, etc.</p>
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| <p>And how you shall uncover with the hanging and the winding and execute all the forenamed plays, you will find it all taught and written hereafter in the explanation and glosses of the recital, etc.</p>
 
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| <p>'''Here note how you shall execute the doubling to both sides.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Here note how you shall execute the doubling to both sides.'''</p>
  
<p>You shall make the doubling thusly: When he has bound-upon you with an over-cut, or otherwise, from his right side to your left, etc and strikes you back again around it to your right side, then do nothing more as soon as you perceive the moment he strikes, then wind-in your sword under his sword to the side with the short edge upon his left side. So if he becomes struck and is bound or laid-into at once, that is then called the doubling above and breaking the openings with that. You may also make the doubling against his right side, yet you must wind-in crooked, etc.</p>
+
<p>You shall make the doubling thusly: When he has bound-upon you with an over-cut, or otherwise, from his right side to your left, etc. and strikes you back again around it to your right side, then do nothing more as soon as you perceive the moment he strikes, then wind-in your sword under his sword to the side with the short edge upon his left side. So if he becomes struck and is bound or laid-into at once, that is then called the doubling above and breaking the openings with that. You may also make the doubling against his right side, yet you must wind-in crooked, etc.</p>
 
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<p>''Cut crooked to the flat <br/>of the masters if you wish to weaken them. <br/>When it clashes above, <br/>stand firm. That I will laud.''</p>
 
<p>''Cut crooked to the flat <br/>of the masters if you wish to weaken them. <br/>When it clashes above, <br/>stand firm. That I will laud.''</p>
  
<p>This is when you wish to weaken the master. So note when someone stands hanging in the flat or the fool with the right foot forward. So cut from your right side from the crooked setting-on and set him aside with crossed hands, crooked upon his sword and step toward and as soon as your sword has clashed upon it, stand firm and await upon the nach, etc. Or if you will not wait, then swiftly strike back out from the sword with the short or long edge at his head into his left side or wind the short edge upon his sword with the crooked-cut and stab into his chest or do whatever you think is good.</p>
+
<p>This is when you wish to weaken the master. So note when someone stands hanging in the flat or the fool with the right foot forward. So cut from your right side from the crooked setting-on and set him aside with crossed hands, crooked upon his sword and step toward and as soon as your sword has clashed upon it, stand firm and wait upon the after, etc. Or if you will not wait, then swiftly strike back out from the sword with the short or long edge at his head into his left side or wind the short edge upon his sword with the crooked-cut and stab into his chest or do whatever you think is good.</p>
 
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<p>''The thwart-cut takes-away <br/>whatever approaches from the roof.''</p>
 
<p>''The thwart-cut takes-away <br/>whatever approaches from the roof.''</p>
  
<p>'''Gloss:''' the thwart-cut is nothing other than the middle-cut. It breaks any cut that will either approach or will be hewn from above downward or from the roof. You shall execute it thusly: Stand with the left foot worward and hold you sword in behind in the middle-cut at the midsection or waist by the right foot or side such that the long edge is above. And when someone cleaves-in above from the roof into the opening or the head, then step or spring forth against him with the right foot and set aside his cut with the thwart, that is crooked, well to your left, etc and after the setting-aside, then wind-in with the short edge to his left into his head if you will remain upon his sword. War if it is a necessity. But if he makes a disengaging and will strike you from his left, then come-against swiftly around that with the crooked under slice into his arm, so long as [you] do not drive away too wide in the setting-aside.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' the thwart-cut is nothing other than the middle-cut. It breaks any cut that will either approach or will be hewn from above downward or from the roof. You shall execute it thusly: Stand with the left foot forward and hold you sword in behind in the middle-cut at the midsection or waist by the right foot or side such that the long edge is above. And when someone cleaves-in above from the roof into the opening or the head, then step or spring forth against him with the right foot and set aside his cut with the thwart, that is crooked, well to your left, etc. and after the setting-aside, then wind-in with the short edge to his left into his head if you will remain upon his sword. War if it is a necessity. But if he makes a disengaging and will strike you from his left, then come-against swiftly around that with the crooked under slice into his arm, so long as [you] do not drive away too wide in the setting-aside.</p>
 
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| <p>Others differ thusly: When you cut-in above with the scalper, if he then parries high with the sword gripped with an armed hand or athwart over the head. That is called the crown against seydenfaden's scalper and with that run-in with shoving, etc. It also takes away the scalper. It also breaks one as such again as above with the hilt thrown over that and cast down.</p>
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| <p>Others differ thusly: When you cut-in above with the scalper, if he then parries high with the sword gripped with an armed hand or athwart over the head. That is called the crown against Seydenfaden's scalper and with that run-in with shoving, etc. It also takes away the scalper. It also breaks one as such again as above with the hilt thrown over that and cast down.</p>
 
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| <p>Item. Note you shall race-after him from and mit all cuts as soon as you realizes he mis-cuts or uncovers himself with the sword.</p>
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| <p>Item. Note you shall race-after him from and with all cuts as soon as you realizes he mis-cuts or uncovers himself with the sword.</p>
 
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<p>''The two outer marriages and the two inner marriages, <br/>with them your work begins <br/>and test the attacks <br/>whether they are soft or hard.''</p>
 
<p>''The two outer marriages and the two inner marriages, <br/>with them your work begins <br/>and test the attacks <br/>whether they are soft or hard.''</p>
  
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the marriages will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer marriages (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-cut with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer marriage on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer marriage from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other cuts, etc. That is the first outer marriage.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the marriages will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer marriages (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-cut with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer marriage on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer marriage from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other cuts, etc. That is the first outer marriage.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The other''' inner marriage is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then execute the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc or sliced. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the marriage, working the stance or marriage with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-cut or other settings-aside or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
+
| <p>'''The other''' inner marriage is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then execute the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or sliced. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the marriage, working the stance or marriage with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-cut or other settings-aside or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
 
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| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
  
<p>When come to him with the onset, set your left foot froward and hold the long point against his face. If he then cuts to the sword from above or below and will strike it away or bind-on strongly, then let the point sink downward and change-through and stab him against the other side. And execute this against all cuts where someone cuts to your sword and not to the openings of the body.</p>
+
<p>When come to him with the onset, set your left foot forward and hold the long point against his face. If he then cuts to the sword from above or below and will strike it away or bind-on strongly, then let the point sink downward and change-through and stab him against the other side. And execute this against all cuts where someone cuts to your sword and not to the openings of the body.</p>
 
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| The seventh: From the same crook deliver a strike streight up from the left and forward and to the right with the point upon the ground well into the length and scales, not crooked. Called the plow. Others call it the fool.
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| The seventh: From the same crook deliver a strike straight up from the left and forward and to the right with the point upon the ground well into the length and scales, not crooked. Called the plow. Others call it the fool.
 
| Der sibendt aus dem selben krump schlecht auf ain straich von der lincken geholt vnd auff die rechten vnd fürsich mit dem ort auff die erdenn wol in die leng vnd wag nit krump haist der pflueg etlich hayssent das den alber
 
| Der sibendt aus dem selben krump schlecht auf ain straich von der lincken geholt vnd auff die rechten vnd fürsich mit dem ort auff die erdenn wol in die leng vnd wag nit krump haist der pflueg etlich hayssent das den alber
  
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| Cut crooked to the flat of the masters if you wish to weaken them. This is so that the crooked-cut breaks the stance with it's work as you wind in his explanation in the recital. Or: Crook not, short cut. this is the changing-through or break the outer marriage there-against. But if he will make a disengaging from the thrust, then fall into the crook as before and remain standing therein.
+
| Cut crooked to the flat of the masters if you wish to weaken them. This is so that the crooked-cut breaks the stance with its work as you wind in his explanation in the recital. Or: Crook not, short cut. this is the changing-through or break the outer marriage there-against. But if he will make a disengaging from the thrust, then fall into the crook as before and remain standing therein.
 
| Haw krump zw den flechen den maistern wiltu sy swechen das ist das der krumphaw den standt pricht mit seiner arbait als dw windest in seiner auslegung in der zetl Oder krump nit kurtz haw das ist durchwechsl oder prauch die ausser mynn darwider Oder aber zucken machen wolt aus dem stos so vall in das krump wie vor vnd pleib stet dar Inn
 
| Haw krump zw den flechen den maistern wiltu sy swechen das ist das der krumphaw den standt pricht mit seiner arbait als dw windest in seiner auslegung in der zetl Oder krump nit kurtz haw das ist durchwechsl oder prauch die ausser mynn darwider Oder aber zucken machen wolt aus dem stos so vall in das krump wie vor vnd pleib stet dar Inn
  
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| '''Work from the third stance, the speaking-window, with the after'''
 
| '''Work from the third stance, the speaking-window, with the after'''
The first play: When you stand as in the third stance as above in the speaking-window, if someone then runs-in with force as with the window with it's parrying or sword crossed-over and looks through the arms, then set-upon gently. If he then will continue to work wherever he will go, then follow after him with the war, etc. [the krieg] goes from both sides. Also, if the krieg goes from his left side, he needs to run-in crooked.
+
The first play: When you stand as in the third stance as above in the speaking-window, if someone then runs-in with force as with the window with its parrying or sword crossed-over and looks through the arms, then set-upon gently. If he then will continue to work wherever he will go, then follow after him with the war, etc. [The war] goes from both sides. Also, if the war goes from his left side, he needs to run-in crooked.
 
| '''Arbait aus dem dritten standt Sprechfenster mit dem nach'''
 
| '''Arbait aus dem dritten standt Sprechfenster mit dem nach'''
 
Das erst stuck So dw steest wie in dem dritten standt wie oben in dem Sprechfenster Laufft dir dann ainer mit gwalt ein als mit dem fenster mit seiner versatzung oder swert überzwerchs vnd sicht durch die arm so sitz ym lintlich auf so er dann weiter arbaiten will wo er hin wil so volg ym nach mit dem krieg etc get von baiden seitten gat auch der krieg von seiner lincken seitten muß er krump einlauffen
 
Das erst stuck So dw steest wie in dem dritten standt wie oben in dem Sprechfenster Laufft dir dann ainer mit gwalt ein als mit dem fenster mit seiner versatzung oder swert überzwerchs vnd sicht durch die arm so sitz ym lintlich auf so er dann weiter arbaiten will wo er hin wil so volg ym nach mit dem krieg etc get von baiden seitten gat auch der krieg von seiner lincken seitten muß er krump einlauffen
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| The second: When you stand in the speaking-window as before and he will persist with an over-cut upon you and in that throw in the point, etc. Then set-upon him again long. If he will again continue to work, thenn follow after him with the war as before. But if he takes-away, then you may well double. It does not go well to the other, left side.
+
| The second: When you stand in the speaking-window as before and he will persist with an over-cut upon you and in that throw in the point, etc. Then set-upon him again long. If he will again continue to work, then follow after him with the war as before. But if he takes-away, then you may well double. It does not go well to the other, left side.
 
| Das ander So dw steest in dem sprechfenster wie vor vnd er auf dich harren will mit ainem obern haw vnd verwirft in dem dir den ort ein etc so sitz aber ym lanck auf So er aber weiter arbaiten will so volg Im nach mit dem krieg wie vor nymbt er aber ab so magstu wol dupliren/ geet nit wol auf der anderen lincken seitten
 
| Das ander So dw steest in dem sprechfenster wie vor vnd er auf dich harren will mit ainem obern haw vnd verwirft in dem dir den ort ein etc so sitz aber ym lanck auf So er aber weiter arbaiten will so volg Im nach mit dem krieg wie vor nymbt er aber ab so magstu wol dupliren/ geet nit wol auf der anderen lincken seitten
  
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| The fifth: When you stand as before in the speaking-window and he will strike-into you from his right side with an over-cut to your right opening and make a disengaging or transferral<ref>alt: misleading</ref> to your right, then, in-the-moment, follow in after him with the crook to his head, etc. War if it is necessary. Upon the other side: parry long or crooked, war.
+
| The fifth: When you stand as before in the speaking-window and he will strike-into you from his right side with an over-cut to your right opening and make a disengaging or transferal<ref>alt: misleading</ref> to your right, then, in-the-moment, follow in after him with the crook to his head, etc. War if it is necessary. Upon the other side: parry long or crooked, war.
 
| Das fünfft So dw steest wie vor in dem Sprechfenster vnd er will dir von seiner rechten seitten mit ainem ober haw zuschlahen zw deiner rechten plössen vnd macht darauf ain vertzucken oder verfuren zw deiner rechtenn so volg ym nach Indes mit dem krump ein zw seinem kopf etc krieg ist es not Auff der andern seitten versetz lang oder krump, krieg
 
| Das fünfft So dw steest wie vor in dem Sprechfenster vnd er will dir von seiner rechten seitten mit ainem ober haw zuschlahen zw deiner rechten plössen vnd macht darauf ain vertzucken oder verfuren zw deiner rechtenn so volg ym nach Indes mit dem krump ein zw seinem kopf etc krieg ist es not Auff der andern seitten versetz lang oder krump, krieg
  
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| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_40r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_40r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| '''Work from the fourth stance, the crooked setting-upon with the after.'''
 
| '''Work from the fourth stance, the crooked setting-upon with the after.'''
The first: When you stand in the crooked setting-on to your left side, if he then means to seek the openings of your right side with thrusts from the ox, or else strikes; then go up against him and set-aside upon his sword with a stepping-into well over<ref>alt:across</ref> his hands and await his work and war. If he will then throw you over with force, then let go so that you come to the war or strike or work-in with him into the crook and lay upon his neck.
+
The first: When you stand in the crooked setting-on to your left side, if he then means to seek the openings of your right side with thrusts from the ox, or else strikes; then go up against him and set-aside upon his sword with a stepping-into well over<ref>alt: across</ref> his hands and await his work and war. If he will then throw you over with force, then let go so that you come to the war or strike or work-in with him into the crook and lay upon his neck.
 
| '''Arbait aus dem vierden standt krump aufsetzen mit dem nach'''
 
| '''Arbait aus dem vierden standt krump aufsetzen mit dem nach'''
 
Das erst So dw steest in dem krumpen ansetzen auf deiner lincken seitten So er dann von seiner lincken seitten dir maint die plossen deiner rechten seitten zesuchen mit stechen aus dem ochsen oder schlagen sunst So gee auf gegen ym vnd setz ym ab auf sein swert mit ainem zwtrit <sup>wol hinuber sein hendt</sup> vnd wart seiner arbait vnd krieg Will er dann dich mit gwalt herüber werffen so lass geen so kumbstu zw krieg oder schlagk oder arbait ym in dem krump ein vnd leg Im an den hals
 
Das erst So dw steest in dem krumpen ansetzen auf deiner lincken seitten So er dann von seiner lincken seitten dir maint die plossen deiner rechten seitten zesuchen mit stechen aus dem ochsen oder schlagen sunst So gee auf gegen ym vnd setz ym ab auf sein swert mit ainem zwtrit <sup>wol hinuber sein hendt</sup> vnd wart seiner arbait vnd krieg Will er dann dich mit gwalt herüber werffen so lass geen so kumbstu zw krieg oder schlagk oder arbait ym in dem krump ein vnd leg Im an den hals
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| The fifth: When you stand as before and he also counters you in the crooked setting-on on his right side and he goes-up and means to strike you crooked to your right side, then you may strike, set-aside, etc and await the war. You may even also change-through well in that, etc. War if it is necessary.
+
| The fifth: When you stand as before and he also counters you in the crooked setting-on on his right side and he goes-up and means to strike you crooked to your right side, then you may strike, set-aside, etc. and await the war. You may even also change-through well in that, etc. War if it is necessary.
 
| Das funfft So dw steest wie vor vnd er auch gegen dir in dem krumpen ansetzen auf seiner rechten vnd er aufgeet vnd maint dich krump zw deiner rechten zeschlahen So machstu schlecht absetzen etc Vnd wart des kriegs Dw magst auch wol in dem gar durchwechseln etc krieg istz not
 
| Das funfft So dw steest wie vor vnd er auch gegen dir in dem krumpen ansetzen auf seiner rechten vnd er aufgeet vnd maint dich krump zw deiner rechten zeschlahen So machstu schlecht absetzen etc Vnd wart des kriegs Dw magst auch wol in dem gar durchwechseln etc krieg istz not
  
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| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_41r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
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| The fifth: When you stand right as before and he [is] also in the crooked setting-on upon his right as you [are], then go against him him on his sword so that you come into the outer marriage and wind-in against him in the crook and war. You may well also wait upon his work. So if he will go up, then counter him with your point, so that he runs onto the point.
+
| The fifth: When you stand right as before and he [is] also in the crooked setting-on upon his right as you [are], then go against him on his sword so that you come into the outer marriage and wind-in against him in the crook and war. You may well also wait upon his work. So if he will go up, then counter him with your point, so that he runs onto the point.
 
| Das fünfte So dw steest wie vor rechtz vnd er auch auf seiner rechten in dem krumpen ansetzen wie dw So gee gegen ym an sein swert so kumbstu in die ausser mynn vnd wind gegen ym ein in krump vnd krieg Auch magstu wol seiner arbait warten so er auf wolt geen so begegen ym mit deinem ort So laufft er an den ort
 
| Das fünfte So dw steest wie vor rechtz vnd er auch auf seiner rechten in dem krumpen ansetzen wie dw So gee gegen ym an sein swert so kumbstu in die ausser mynn vnd wind gegen ym ein in krump vnd krieg Auch magstu wol seiner arbait warten so er auf wolt geen so begegen ym mit deinem ort So laufft er an den ort
  
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| The second: When you stand as before and he will thrust you from his left side from the ox, then, again, throw the point upon the hands as before. War. If he he throws you over, etc, as before, but if he thrusts you from the right, then crook against him. but if he disengages with the shove and makes a strike from the left shoulder, then you slice up crooked into his arm.
+
| The second: When you stand as before and he will thrust you from his left side from the ox, then, again, throw the point upon the hands as before. War. If he throws you over, etc, as before, but if he thrusts you from the right, then crook against him. but if he disengages with the shove and makes a strike from the left shoulder, then you slice up crooked into his arm.
 
| Das ander So dw steest wie vor vnd er will dich von seiner lincken seitten stossen aus dem ochsen So wirff Im aber den ort auf die hend wie vor krieg Wurfft er dich herüber etc wie vor Stost er aber von der rechten So krümb gegen Im auf Zuckt er aber mit dem stos vnd macht ain schlag von lincker achsel so schneid dw krump auf in sein arm
 
| Das ander So dw steest wie vor vnd er will dich von seiner lincken seitten stossen aus dem ochsen So wirff Im aber den ort auf die hend wie vor krieg Wurfft er dich herüber etc wie vor Stost er aber von der rechten So krümb gegen Im auf Zuckt er aber mit dem stos vnd macht ain schlag von lincker achsel so schneid dw krump auf in sein arm
  
 
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| The third: when you stand as before in the crooked-cut and he [is] again in the ox upon his left side and makes a sudden withdrawl from the ox and will strike you into your left, then in-the-moment makes the open-under-slice from his right, if he disengages the slice, crook as above.
+
| The third: when you stand as before in the crooked-cut and he [is] again in the ox upon his left side and makes a sudden withdrawal from the ox and will strike you into your left, then in-the-moment makes the open-under-slice from his right, if he disengages the slice, crook as above.
 
| Das dritt so dw steest wie vor Im krumphaw vnd er aber auf seiner lincken seitten in dem ochsen vnd macht aus dem ochsen ain vertzucken vnd will dich schlagen zw deiner lincken so mach Indes den vnderen offen schnit von seiner rechten seitten Zuckt er schneid krump wie oben
 
| Das dritt so dw steest wie vor Im krumphaw vnd er aber auf seiner lincken seitten in dem ochsen vnd macht aus dem ochsen ain vertzucken vnd will dich schlagen zw deiner lincken so mach Indes den vnderen offen schnit von seiner rechten seitten Zuckt er schneid krump wie oben
  

Revision as of 18:32, 26 April 2016

Hans Medel von Salzburg

A play from Medel's fencing manual
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Salzburg, Germany
Movement Liechtenauer tradition
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s) Codex I.6.2º.5 (1539)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Magyar fordítás

Hans Medel von Salzburg (Hans Niedel, Hans Mendel) was an early 16th century German fencing master. Salzburg is a city in northern Austria, and he seems to have operated as a burgher and Schirmmeister there from at least 1503.[1] Little else is known about this master, but he seems to have been associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. He may have traced his lineage through Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, a member of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer,[2] as Medel's text is the only known source that mentions the earlier master's teachings.

Medel's name is attached to a manuscript treatise on swordsmanship from 1539, including an incomplete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital and an addendum on fencing based on "the Seven Stances". This gloss is unique in the Liechtenauer tradition in that it not only offers direct commentary on the Recital, but also demonstrates an awareness of the earlier glosses of Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck (from which a great deal of text is lifted) and Pseudo-Peter von Danzig and even includes occasional criticisms of and corrections to their teachings. In a few places the gloss specifically describes a teaching of Hans Seydenfaden or Hans Medel, but in several more it merely attributes the teaching to "Master Hans" without indicating which one. This manuscript eventually passed into the library of Paulus Hector Mair, who bound it into the current Codex I.6.2º.5 some time after 1566.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, vol. 40. Salzburg, 1900. p 177.
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. alt: right
  4. alt: side
  5. alt: defense
  6. the artist/professional doing their work
  7. alt: gladly valuing in the arts
  8. alt: gladly valuing with kindness
  9. alt: right
  10. alt: weapon
  11. eindrohen: to imminently threaten
  12. Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.
  13. alt: closer, sooner
  14. this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean cutting while exiting
  15. widerschlagen: to strike against, in a reverberating sense
  16. towards
  17. severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently
  18. videlicet: namely; to wit
  19. letz: reversed, disrupted, perverted, refuting, incorrect, twisted, unjust, left
  20. paper is damaged. only the letters 'ne' remain. There's enough room for two or three letters
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 The text here is hidden by a crease in the page.
  22. ansiegen: to return with victory
  23. glance, discern, glean
  24. Ochs
  25. likes to
  26. Ochs
  27. Ochs
  28. Can also mean "to tame or incapacitate".
  29. This is a markedly different reading of the verse from the usual: "Squint to the top of the forehead if you wish to incapacitate the hands". Hand can either mean "hand" or "side" and Medel adds "sy" which refers to the head.
  30. could also mean 'carelessly'
  31. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  32. the leger or hut
  33. rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize
  34. no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"
  35. alt: fleeing
  36. alt: wrongs, falsehoods, meanings, diminishments, mines, minings, manners, ownings, possessings.
  37. alt: exit
  38. mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate
  39. alternately: old
  40. marginalia: 'malz' => bad, weak
  41. Or possibly "maler"
  42. Here some pages apparently have been lost, unfortunately.
  43. alt: across
  44. alt: it
  45. alt: inside
  46. alt: misleading
  47. alt: across
  48. alt: open