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| <p> '''From the flight'''</p>
 
| <p> '''From the flight'''</p>
  
<p>Take the high stance and from the high guard; the first, attack high towards the left ear; the other with a step at the left side; the third, strike behind the head.</p>
+
<p>Take the high stance and from the high guard. The first, attack high towards the left ear. The other with a step at the left side. The third, strike behind the head.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|3|lbl=4.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|3|lbl=4.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/6|7|lbl=3r.7}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/6|7|lbl=3r.7}}
Line 440: Line 440:
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>If someone wants to strike with the flight, shoot the first cut back from above, strike again the other below with your long cut or edge, and take the pommel of his sword with your left hand, thus you hurl him over his sword.</p>
+
<p>If someone wants to strike with the flight, shoot the first cut back from above. The other, strike again below with your long cut or edge, and take the pommel of his sword with your left hand, thus you hurl him over his sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|4|lbl=4.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/11|4|lbl=4.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|1|lbl=3v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|1|lbl=3v.1}}
Line 479: Line 479:
 
| <p> '''From the cross or the straight strike'''</p>
 
| <p> '''From the cross or the straight strike'''</p>
  
<p>Step and strike high with your long edge through his left ear, secondly step and strike high with the short cut below the right ear, thirdly shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
+
<p>Step and strike high with your long edge through his left ear. Secondly, step and strike high with the short cut below the right ear. Thirdly, shoot back behind with the long edge.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|2|lbl=6.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|2|lbl=6.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|3|lbl=3v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|3|lbl=3v.3}}
Line 491: Line 491:
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone makes the curve<ref>Likely an error. Crombe is a northern Middle French word for “hunched” (e.g. a person) or “crooked”.</ref> cut, wait for him first, secondly put the short edge on his neck, he will strike himself.</p>
+
<p>When someone makes the curve<ref>Likely an error. Crombe is a northern Middle French word for “hunched” (e.g. a person) or “crooked”.</ref> cut, wait for him first. Secondly, put the short edge on his neck, he will strike himself.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|3|lbl=6.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|3|lbl=6.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|4|lbl=3v.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|4|lbl=3v.4}}
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| <p> '''Flying over'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Flying over'''</p>
  
<p>Take flying over from above. Take it short towards his left ear and step with the left foot against his right side and strike the other cut long on the right ear and remain high for good defense.</p>
+
<p>Take flying over from above. Take it short towards his left ear, and step with the left foot against his right side, and strike the other cut long on the right ear, and remain high for good defense.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|4|lbl=6.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|4|lbl=6.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|5|lbl=3v.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|5|lbl=3v.5}}
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| <p> '''Break</p>
 
| <p> '''Break</p>
  
<p>Take yourself high from the wings against him, through the roses and put the short cut in his face, turn downwards very briefly and strike him after with the long edge.</p>
+
<p>Take yourself high from the wings against him through the roses and put the short cut in his face. Turn downwards very briefly and strike him after with the long edge.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|5|lbl=6.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|5|lbl=6.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|6|lbl=3v.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/7|6|lbl=3v.6}}
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| <p> '''Piece'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Piece'''</p>
  
<p>Take any cut through against his cut, and step the triangle with the right foot, so that you open yourself greatly for which he considers, whereupon you step after with the left foot in front and strike the back of the hand after him.</p>
+
<p>Take any cut through against his cut, and step the triangle with the right foot so that you open yourself greatly for which he considers, whereupon you step after with the left foot in front and strike the back of the hand after him.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|6|lbl=6.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/13|6|lbl=6.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/8|1|lbl=4r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/8|1|lbl=4r.1}}
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| <p> '''Drag from the long cut'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Drag from the long cut'''</p>
  
<p>Take the high guard. Take the long cut against him to the left ear. If he parries act as if you would like to shoot and remain the short cut to the left ear. Pull and strike the flat to the right ear.</p>
+
<p>Take the high guard. Take the long cut against him to the left ear. If he parries, act as if you would like to pull back and remain with the short cut to the left ear. Pull back, and strike the flat to the right ear.</p>
  
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|3|lbl=8.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|3|lbl=8.3}}
Line 595: Line 595:
 
|  <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
|  <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone drags the long cut at you, let the first run downwards, and parry the other from high to low with your long cut, thus you may beat or strike it.</p>
+
<p>When someone drags the long cut at you, let the first run downwards and parry the other from high to low with your long cut. Thus you may beat or strike it.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|4|lbl=8.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|4|lbl=8.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/8|5|lbl=4r.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/8|5|lbl=4r.5}}
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| <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone passes you high and you want to put the short edge, if you otherwise cannot work, take the edge of your sword, and strike the cross on his head.
+
<p>When someone passes you high and wants to put the short edge to you, if you otherwise cannot work, take the edge of your sword, and strike the cross on his head.</p>
</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|6|lbl=8.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/15|6|lbl=8.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|1|lbl=4v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|1|lbl=4v.1}}
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| <p> '''Shoot further'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Shoot further'''</p>
  
<p>Lower yourself as before with the hands crossed and step with the short edge, shoot further at his left ear, and turn your hands away and strike a long cut after him.</p>
+
<p>Lower yourself as before with the hands crossed and step with the short edge. Shoot further to his left ear, and turn your hands away and strike a long cut after him.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|4|lbl=10.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/17|4|lbl=10.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/12|4|lbl=6r.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/12|4|lbl=6r.4}}
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| <p> '''Hanging the point on the thumb.'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Hanging the point on the thumb.'''</p>
  
<p>Set the right foot forward, step short and parry whichever cut high. Strike high, let the short edge run well downwards, and step with the long cut towards him.</p>
+
<p>Set the right foot forward, step short, and parry whichever cut high. Strike high, let the short edge run well downwards, and step with the long cut towards him.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|3|lbl=12.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|3|lbl=12.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|2|lbl=5v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|2|lbl=5v.2}}
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| <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>Drive out with the right hand and the right foot forward. If he lies calmly in the hanging point, put the short edge to his left ear, and he will not shoot, because if he shoots he opens himself.</p>
+
<p>Drive out with the right hand and the right foot forward. If he lies calmly in the hanging point, put the short edge to his left ear, yet he will not pull back, because if he pulls back he opens himself.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|4|lbl=12.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|4|lbl=12.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|5|lbl=5v.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|5|lbl=5v.5}}
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| <p> '''Counter break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Counter break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone puts the short cut at your neck, turn your hands and the sword and lock him above with the long cut, and take your left hand on the pommel of his sword, and throw him on the left side on top of his sword.</p>
+
<p>When someone puts the short cut to your neck, turn your hands and the sword and lock him above with the long cut, and take your left hand on the pommel of his sword, and throw him on the left side on top of his sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|5|lbl=12.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/19|5|lbl=12.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|6|lbl=5v.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/11|6|lbl=5v.6}}
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| <p> '''Grip'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Grip'''</p>
  
<p>The grip can also be taken out from the high stance. Take your right hand high on your cross so that the blade must lie flat, and if someone strikes after you, strike against him with such force that you overwhelm his sword, and shoot him with your flat to his right ear, and raise your cut high.</p>
+
<p>The grip can also be taken out from the high stance. Take your right hand high on your cross so that the blade must lie flat, and if someone strikes after you, strike against him with such force that you overwhelm his sword, and pull back with your flat to his right ear, and raise your cut high.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|2|lbl=14.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|2|lbl=14.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|3|lbl=4v.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|3|lbl=4v.3}}
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| <p> '''Break'''</p>
 
| <p> '''Break'''</p>
  
<p>When someone grips against you, offer him the wing and shoot short. Cut long after or break it with the flying over or with the straight strike.</p>
+
<p>When someone grips against you, offer him the blade and pull short, then long away from you or break with the flying over or with the straight strike.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|3|lbl=14.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|3|lbl=14.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|4|lbl=4v.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|4|lbl=4v.4}}
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<p>Position yourself in the high guard or high point, and cut to the opponent's left ear with your long edge, and act as if you will suddenly withdraw, but remain against their left ear with your short edge, thereafter suddenly withdraw and make a follow up cut with the long edge.</p>
 
<p>Position yourself in the high guard or high point, and cut to the opponent's left ear with your long edge, and act as if you will suddenly withdraw, but remain against their left ear with your short edge, thereafter suddenly withdraw and make a follow up cut with the long edge.</p>
|  
+
| <p> '''Remain'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Set or put yourself in the high stance or guard, and take the long cut to his left ear. And act as if you would like to pull back, yet remain with the short edge to his left ear. And then pull back and take the long cut towards him.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|4|lbl=14.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt) 1516.pdf/21|4|lbl=14.4}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|5|lbl=4v.5}}
 
| {{section|Page:Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff) 1531-1537.pdf/9|5|lbl=4v.5}}

Revision as of 22:03, 3 February 2022

Andre Paurenfeyndt
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation
Nationality German
Patron Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg
Movement Liechtenauer Tradition
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der
Fechterey
(1516)
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Deutsch-Übersetzung

Andre Paurenfeyndt (Paurñfeyndt, Paurñfeindt) was a 16th century German Freifechter. He seems to have been a resident of Vienna, although he mentions in his introduction that he served as a bodyguard to Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1468 - 1540).[1] In 1516, he wrote and published a fencing manual entitled Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey ("Founding of the Chivalric Art of Swordplay"), which Sydney Anglo notes may have been the first illustrated fencing treatise ever published.[2] Little else is known about the life of this master, but he describes himself as a Freifechter and the contents of his book make it clear that he was associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. His treatise diverges significantly from the earlier teachings of the Liechtenauer tradition, which may be due to his stated purpose of writing for beginning fencers.

Treatise

Please note that only the first edition (1516) has the complete set of illustrations, and all later versions are disorganized and incomplete; this article follows the order of plays and illustrations laid out in the original, and the variant sequences can be viewed on the transcription pages. Egenolff's illustrations are rather different from Paurenfeyndt's, and smaller thumbnails are included where applicable. Furthermore, the illustrations on pages 57 and 59 of the 1516 don't seem to relate to the plays described on 58 and 60, since they show pairs of fencers with dussacks while the text indicates that one of them should be unarmed. They are included here for reference, but the Egenolff illustrations (which are original and not based on Paurenfeyndt) are the ones that seem to depict something similar to the plays as described. While the Twelve Rules for the Beginning Fencer are unillustrated in Paurenfeyndt's work, this presentation includes the illustrations for six of the twelve found in the MS B.200 (1524).

Rather than presenting the treatise transcriptions chronologically, this concordance groups the three complete German texts together (including Lienhart Sollinger's 1564 copy), followed by the 1538 French translation. There are three shorter manuscript fragments of the German text, and these have been added in additional columns on the far end of the table in only the sections where they appear.

Additional Resources

  • Bauer, Matthias Johannes. “Der Alten Fechter gründtliche Kunst” – Das Frankfurter oder Egenolffsche Fechtbuch. Untersuchung und Edition. Coll. Geschichtswissenschaften 37. München: Utz Verlag, 2016. ISBN 978-3-8316-4559-6
  • Bauer, Matthias Johannes. "Economising Early Prints on Fight Books by Multiple Using Movable Half Page Woodcuts". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 4(2): 99–116, 2016. doi:10.36950/apd-2016-015
  • Bergner, U. and Giessauf, J. Würgegriff und Mordschlag. Die Fecht- und Ringlehre des Hans Czynner (1538). Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 2006. ISBN 978-3-201-01855-5
  • Roelofsen, Mathijs. "La Noble Science des Joueurs d’Espée: Fight Book and Commercial Product". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 8(1): 73-88, 2020. doi:10.36950/apd-2020-005
  • Welle, Rainer. "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor: der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?" Codices manuscripti & impressi. Supplementum 12. Purkersdorf: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2017.

References

  1. Ott, Michael. "Matthew Lang." The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910.
  2. Anglo, Sydney. The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. p 46. ISBN 978-0-300-08352-1
  3. lit: foot, but can and often mean the leg
  4. alt: flesh wounds, tag hits.
  5. Lit. short knives.
  6. Likely an error. Crombe is a northern Middle French word for “hunched” (e.g. a person) or “crooked”.
  7. literally: cut through agains their strike. The separable durch-hauen means to strike through something to create an opening. See: https://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/DWB2/2DURCHHAUEN
  8. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: er nit kumeñ
  9. The transcription uses the word "hocs" which means "hooks" but I believe it is meant to be a loanword for ox instead.
  10. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: Wan dir ainer die kurcz schneid vberscheust so wendt den straich ab, so kumpt dir straich wider straich, vnd gleiche arbait
  11. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: so entplest er sich
  12. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: zuck vnd haw mit langer schneid nach
  13. alt: points, ends
  14. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schwert mit dem knopf vnter dein recht uxñ
  15. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: schon, die stich trucke mit schnitten sy ab czucke
  16. Top cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: yglichs in dreu wunder
  17. Corrected from »lanngem«
  18. Text cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: vmbsunst vrsach halben er mag kain folling straich auff dich habñ
  19. Erreur d'impression?
  20. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: dar uber
  21. Bottom cut off; added from Paurnfeindt: arm
  22. Rephrasing of Ovid's "Cunctis qui placeat non credo quomodo vivat".
  23. Rephrasing of the proverb from Pliny, "ne supra crepidam sutor iudicaret".
  24. Hieronymous Büttner