You are not currently logged in. Are you accessing the unsecure (http) portal? Click here to switch to the secure portal.
Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Wiktenauer:Main page/Featured"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{infobox writer
 
{{infobox writer
−
| name                = Joachim Meÿer
+
| name                = [[Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck]]
−
| image                = file:Joachim Meyer.png
+
| image                = File:Sigmund Ringeck.png
−
| imagesize            = 250px
+
| imagesize            = 250px
−
| caption              =  
+
| caption              =  
  
−
| pseudonym            =  
+
| pseudonym            =  
−
| birthname            =  
+
| birthname            =  
−
| birthdate            = ca. 1537
+
| birthdate            =  
−
| birthplace          = Basel, Germany
+
| birthplace          =  
−
| deathdate            = 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
+
| deathdate            =  
−
| deathplace          = Schwerin, Germany
+
| deathplace          =  
−
| resting_place        =  
+
| resting_place        =  
−
| occupation          = {{plainlist | Cutler | [[Freifechter]] }}
+
| occupation          = [[Fencing master]]
−
| language            = [[Early New High German]]
+
| language            = [[Early New High German]]
−
| nationality          =  
+
| nationality          = German
−
| ethnicity            =  
+
| ethnicity            =  
−
| citizenship          = Strasbourg
+
| citizenship          =  
−
| education            =  
+
| education            =  
−
| alma_mater          =  
+
| alma_mater          =  
−
| patron              = {{collapsible list
+
| patron              = Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria
−
  | title = List of patrons
 
−
  | 1    = Johann Albrecht
 
−
  | 2    = Johann Casimir
 
−
  | 3    = Heinrich von Eberst
 
−
  | 4    = Otto von Sulms
 
−
}}
 
−
| period              =
 
−
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
 
−
| subject              =
 
−
| movement            = [[Freifechter]]
 
−
| notableworks        = ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der <br/>Kunst des Fechtens]]'' (1570)
 
−
| manuscript(s)        = {{plainlist | [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (1560s) | [[Treatises/Manuscript purgatory|Lost manuscript]] (1561) | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Varia 82]] (1563-70) }}
 
−
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
−
| first printed edition= [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng|Forgeng]], 2006
 
−
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
 
  
−
| spouse               = Appolonia Ruhlman
+
| period               = 15th century
−
| partner             =  
+
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
−
| children             =  
+
| subject             =  
−
| relatives           =  
+
| movement             = [[Society of Liechtenauer]]
−
| influences          = {{collapsible list
+
| notableworks        =  
−
  | title = List of influences
+
| archetype           = Hypothetical
−
  | 1    = [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]]
+
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
−
  | 2    = [[Johannes Lecküchner]]
+
| [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
−
  | 3    = [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
+
| [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]] (1504-19)
−
  | 4    = [[Achille Marozzo]]
+
| [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|MS E.1939.65.341]] (1508)
−
  | 5    = [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]]
+
| [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichstadt Nr. 82]] (1553)
−
  | 6    = [[Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck]]
+
  | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]] (1563-71)
−
  | 7    = [[Martin Syber]]
+
  | [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod. I.6.2º.2]] (1564)
−
  }}
 
−
| influenced          = {{plainlist | [[Michael Hundt]] | [[Jakob Sutor von Baden]] | [[Theodori Verolini]] }}
 
−
  | awards              =
 
−
| signature            = [[File:Joachim Meyer sig.jpg|150px]]
 
−
| website              =
 
−
| translations        =
 
−
| below                =
 
 
}}
 
}}
−
'''Joachim Meÿer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571) was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[Freifechter]] and [[fencing master]]. He was the last great figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meÿer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing. In addition to his fencing practice, Meÿer was a Burgher and a master cutler.
+
| principal manuscript(s)=
 +
| first printed edition= [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2001
 +
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
  
−
Meÿer was born in Basel, where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meÿer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.
+
| spouse              =
−
 
+
| partner              =
−
Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman) and joined the Cutler's Guild. His interests had already moved beyond knife-smithing, however, and in 1561, Meÿer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568; the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.
+
| children            =
−
 
+
| relatives            =
−
Meÿer wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt. Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[longsword]], [[dussack]], and [[side sword]] ([[rapier]]). His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of side sword fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meÿer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multiweapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].
+
| influences          = [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 +
| influenced          = {{plainlist | [[Hans Medel]] | [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] | [[Joachim Meÿer]] }}
 +
| awards              =
 +
| signature            =
 +
| website              =
 +
| translations        =
 +
| below                =
 +
}}
 +
'''Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck''' (Sigmund ain Ringeck, Sigmund Amring, Sigmund Einring, Sigmund Schining) was a 15th century [[German]] [[fencing master]]. While the meaning of the surname "Schining" is uncertain, the suffix "ein Ringeck" may indicate that he came from the Rhineland region of south-eastern Germany. He is named in the text as ''Schirmaister'' to Albrecht, Count Palatine of Rhine and Duke of Bavaria. This may signify ''Schirrmeister'', a logistical officer charged with oversseing the wagons and horse-drawn artillery pieces, or potentially ''Schirmmeister'', a title used by lower-class itinerant fencing masters in the Medieval period. Apart from his service to the duke, the only thing that can be determined about his life is that his renown as a master was sufficient for [[Paulus Kal]] to include him on his memorial to the masters of the [[Society of Liechtenauer]] in 1470.
  
−
Unfortunately, Meÿer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meÿer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571. Late in 1570, Meÿer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meÿer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meÿer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 500 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meÿer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.
+
The identity of Ringeck's patron remains unclear, as four men named Albrecht ruled Bavaria during the fifteenth century; assuming that Ringeck was a personal student of Liechtenauer, further narrows the list down to just two. If the [[Codex Döbringer (MS 3227a)|MS 3227a]] is correctly dated to 1389, then Liechtenauer was a 14th century master and Ringeck's patron was [[wikipedia:Albert I, Duke of Bavaria|Albrecht I]], who reigned from 1353 to 1404. If, as increasingly seems likely, Liechtenauer was an early 15th century master (an associate or student of [[H. Beringer]]) and the Society of Liechtenauer was assembled to fight in the Hussite Wars of the 1420s and 30s, then Ringeck's patron would have been [[wikipedia:Albert III, Duke of Bavaria|Albrecht III]], who carried the title from 1438 to 1460. [[wikipedia:Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria|Albrecht IV]] claimed the title in 1460 and thus also could have been Ringeck's patron; this would probably signify that Ringeck was not a direct student of Liechtenauer at all, but a later inheritor of the tradition. That said, Albrecht IV lived until 1508 and so the Dresden, Glasgow, and Salzburg manuscripts were likely created during his reign.
  
−
Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meÿer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meÿer was, Meÿer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meÿer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.
+
Ringeck is often erroneously credited as the author of the [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]]. Ringeck was indeed the author of one of the core texts, a complete [[gloss]] of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]] on unarmored [[long sword]] fencing, and he may also have authored a set of teachings that sometimes accompany the gloss on fencing from a low guard called [[side guard]] or [[iron gate]]; the glosses of Liechtenauer's [[armored fencing|short sword]] and [[mounted fencing]] found therein are generally assumed to also be Ringeck's, though they don't mention his name. However, the remainder of the manuscript contains an assortment of treatises by several different masters in the tradition, and it is currently thought to have been composed in the early 16th century (putting it after the master's presumed lifetime). Regardless, the fact that he authored one of the few glosses of the Recital makes Ringeck one of the most important masters of the Liechtenauer tradition.
  
−
Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meÿer's substantial debts. Joachim Meÿer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.
+
While it was not duplicated nearly as often as the more famous gloss of [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], Ringeck's work nevertheless seems to have had a lasting influence. Not only was it reproduced by [[Joachim Meÿer]] in his [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|final manuscript]] (left unifinished at his death in 1571), but in 1539 [[Hans Medel|Hans Medel von Salzburg]] took it upon himself to create an update and revision of Ringeck's Bloßfechten gloss, integrating his own commentary in many places.
  
−
([[Joachim Meÿer|Read more]]...)
+
([[Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck|Read more]]...)
  
 
<dl>
 
<dl>
 
<dt style="font-size:90%;">Recently Featured:</dt>
 
<dt style="font-size:90%;">Recently Featured:</dt>
−
<dd style="font-size:90%;">[[Paulus Hector Mair]] – [[Die Blume des Kampfes]] – {{nowrap|''[[Verzeichnis etlicher Stücke des Fechtens im Rapier (MS Germ.Fol.1476)|Verzeichnis etlicher Stücke des Fechtens im Rapier]]''}} – [[Anonymous&nbsp;15th&nbsp;Century&nbsp;Poem]]</dd>
+
<dd style="font-size:90%;">[[Joachim Meÿer]] – [[Paulus Hector Mair]] – [[Die Blume des Kampfes]] – {{nowrap|''[[Verzeichnis etlicher Stücke des Fechtens im Rapier (MS Germ.Fol.1476)|Verzeichnis etlicher Stücke des Fechtens im Rapier]]''}}</dd>
 
</dl>
 
</dl>

Revision as of 21:33, 5 July 2015

Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck
Period 15th century
Occupation Fencing master
Nationality German
Patron Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria
Movement Society of Liechtenauer
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition		 Tobler, 2001
Concordance by Michael Chidester

Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck (Sigmund ain Ringeck, Sigmund Amring, Sigmund Einring, Sigmund Schining) was a 15th century German fencing master. While the meaning of the surname "Schining" is uncertain, the suffix "ein Ringeck" may indicate that he came from the Rhineland region of south-eastern Germany. He is named in the text as Schirmaister to Albrecht, Count Palatine of Rhine and Duke of Bavaria. This may signify Schirrmeister, a logistical officer charged with oversseing the wagons and horse-drawn artillery pieces, or potentially Schirmmeister, a title used by lower-class itinerant fencing masters in the Medieval period. Apart from his service to the duke, the only thing that can be determined about his life is that his renown as a master was sufficient for Paulus Kal to include him on his memorial to the masters of the Society of Liechtenauer in 1470.

The identity of Ringeck's patron remains unclear, as four men named Albrecht ruled Bavaria during the fifteenth century; assuming that Ringeck was a personal student of Liechtenauer, further narrows the list down to just two. If the MS 3227a is correctly dated to 1389, then Liechtenauer was a 14th century master and Ringeck's patron was Albrecht I, who reigned from 1353 to 1404. If, as increasingly seems likely, Liechtenauer was an early 15th century master (an associate or student of H. Beringer) and the Society of Liechtenauer was assembled to fight in the Hussite Wars of the 1420s and 30s, then Ringeck's patron would have been Albrecht III, who carried the title from 1438 to 1460. Albrecht IV claimed the title in 1460 and thus also could have been Ringeck's patron; this would probably signify that Ringeck was not a direct student of Liechtenauer at all, but a later inheritor of the tradition. That said, Albrecht IV lived until 1508 and so the Dresden, Glasgow, and Salzburg manuscripts were likely created during his reign.

Ringeck is often erroneously credited as the author of the MS Dresd.C.487. Ringeck was indeed the author of one of the core texts, a complete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on unarmored long sword fencing, and he may also have authored a set of teachings that sometimes accompany the gloss on fencing from a low guard called side guard or iron gate; the glosses of Liechtenauer's short sword and mounted fencing found therein are generally assumed to also be Ringeck's, though they don't mention his name. However, the remainder of the manuscript contains an assortment of treatises by several different masters in the tradition, and it is currently thought to have been composed in the early 16th century (putting it after the master's presumed lifetime). Regardless, the fact that he authored one of the few glosses of the Recital makes Ringeck one of the most important masters of the Liechtenauer tradition.

While it was not duplicated nearly as often as the more famous gloss of Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, Ringeck's work nevertheless seems to have had a lasting influence. Not only was it reproduced by Joachim Meÿer in his final manuscript (left unifinished at his death in 1571), but in 1539 Hans Medel von Salzburg took it upon himself to create an update and revision of Ringeck's Bloßfechten gloss, integrating his own commentary in many places.

(Read more...)

Recently Featured:
Joachim Meÿer – Paulus Hector Mair – Die Blume des Kampfes – Verzeichnis etlicher Stücke des Fechtens im Rapier
Retrieved from "https://wiktenauer.com/index.php?title=Wiktenauer:Main_page/Featured&oldid=78343"