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Difference between revisions of "Salvator Fabris"
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− | | notableworks = ''[[ | + | | notableworks = ''[[Scienza d’Arme (Salvator Fabris)|Scienza d’Arme]]'' (1606) |
− | | manuscript(s) = {{ | + | | manuscript(s) = {{plainlist |
| [[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040]] (1601) | | [[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040]] (1601) | ||
| [[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609) | | [[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609) | ||
| [[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635) | | [[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635) | ||
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}} | }} | ||
| principal manuscript(s)= | | principal manuscript(s)= | ||
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It is unclear if Fabris himself was of noble birth, but at some point he seems to have earned a knighthood. In fact, he is described in his treatise as ''Supremus Eques'' ("Supreme Knight") of the Order of the Seven Hearts. In Johann Joachim Hynitzsch's introduction to the 1676 edition, he identifies Fabris as a Colonel of the Order.<ref>[[Salvator Fabris|Fabris, Salvator]] and Leoni, Tommaso. ''Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606''. Highland Village, TX: [[Chivalry Bookshelf]], 2005. p XXIX.</ref> It seems therefore that he was not only a knight of the Order of the Seven Hearts, but rose to a high rank and perhaps even overall leadership. | It is unclear if Fabris himself was of noble birth, but at some point he seems to have earned a knighthood. In fact, he is described in his treatise as ''Supremus Eques'' ("Supreme Knight") of the Order of the Seven Hearts. In Johann Joachim Hynitzsch's introduction to the 1676 edition, he identifies Fabris as a Colonel of the Order.<ref>[[Salvator Fabris|Fabris, Salvator]] and Leoni, Tommaso. ''Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606''. Highland Village, TX: [[Chivalry Bookshelf]], 2005. p XXIX.</ref> It seems therefore that he was not only a knight of the Order of the Seven Hearts, but rose to a high rank and perhaps even overall leadership. | ||
− | Fabris' whereabouts in the 1590s are uncertain, but there are rumors. In 1594, he may have been hired by King Sigismund of Poland to assassinate his uncle Karl, a Swedish duke and competitor for the Swedish crown. According to the story, Fabris participated in a sword dance (or possibly a dramatic play) with a sharp sword and was to slay Karl during the performance when the audience was distracted. (The duke was warned and avoided the event, saving his life.)<ref>Andersson, Henrik. ''[http://www.thearma.org/essays/Fabris_the_Assassin.htm Salvator Fabris as a Hired Assassin in Sweden].'' [[Association for Renaissance Martial Arts]]. Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> In | + | Fabris' whereabouts in the 1590s are uncertain, but there are rumors. In 1594, he may have been hired by King Sigismund of Poland to assassinate his uncle Karl, a Swedish duke and competitor for the Swedish crown. According to the story, Fabris participated in a sword dance (or possibly a dramatic play) with a sharp sword and was to slay Karl during the performance when the audience was distracted. (The duke was warned and avoided the event, saving his life.)<ref>Andersson, Henrik. ''[http://www.thearma.org/essays/Fabris_the_Assassin.htm Salvator Fabris as a Hired Assassin in Sweden].'' [[Association for Renaissance Martial Arts]]. Retrieved 2011-12-18.</ref> In ca. 1599, Fabris may have been invited to England by noted playwright William Shakespeare to choreograph the fight scenes in his premier of ''Hamlet''.<ref>Barbasetti, Luigi. ''Fencing Through the Ages''.{{incomplete citation}}</ref><ref name="Leoni"/> He also presumably spent considerable time in the 1590s developing the [[fencing manual]] that would guarantee his lasting fame. |
What is certain is that by 1598, Fabris had left his position at the University of Padua and was attached to the court of Johan Frederik, the young duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. He continued in the duke's service until 1601, and as a parting gift prepared a lavishly-illustrated, three-volume manuscript of his treatise entitled ''[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme]]'' (GI kongelig Samling 1868 4040).<ref name="Leoni"/> | What is certain is that by 1598, Fabris had left his position at the University of Padua and was attached to the court of Johan Frederik, the young duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. He continued in the duke's service until 1601, and as a parting gift prepared a lavishly-illustrated, three-volume manuscript of his treatise entitled ''[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme]]'' (GI kongelig Samling 1868 4040).<ref name="Leoni"/> | ||
− | In 1601, Fabris was hired as chief [[rapier]] instructor to the court of Christianus IV, King of Denmark and Duke Johan Frederik's cousin. He ultimately served in the royal court for five years; toward the end of his tenure and at the king's insistence, he published his opus under the title '' | + | In 1601, Fabris was hired as chief [[rapier]] instructor to the court of Christianus IV, King of Denmark and Duke Johan Frederik's cousin. He ultimately served in the royal court for five years; toward the end of his tenure and at the king's insistence, he published his opus under the title ''Sienza e Pratica d’Arme'' ("Science and Practice of Arms") or ''De lo Schermo, overo Scienza d’Arme'' ("On Defense, or the Science of Arms"). Christianus funded this first edition and placed his court artist, [[Jan van Halbeeck]], at Fabris' disposal to illustrate the treatise; it was ultimately published in Copenhagen on 25 September 1606.<ref name="Leoni"/> |
− | Soon after the text was published and perhaps feeling his 62 years, Fabris begged to be released from his six-year contract with the king so that he might return home. He traveled through northern Germany and was in Paris, France, in 1608. Ultimately, he received a position at the University of Padua and there passed his final years. He died of a fever on 11 November 1618 at the age of 74, and the town of Padua declared an official day of mourning in his honor. In 1676, the town of Padua erected a statue of the master in the Chiesa del Santo. | + | Soon after the text was published, and perhaps feeling his 62 years, Fabris begged to be released from his six-year contract with the king so that he might return home. He traveled through northern Germany and was in Paris, France, in 1608. Ultimately, he received a position at the University of Padua and there passed his final years. He died of a fever on 11 November 1618 at the age of 74, and the town of Padua declared an official day of mourning in his honor. In 1676, the town of Padua erected a statue of the master in the Chiesa del Santo. |
The importance of Fabris' work can hardly be overstated. His treatise was reprinted for over a hundred years after his death, plagiarized several times by later writers, and translated into both German and Latin. He is almost universally praised by later masters and fencing historians, and the great Flemish master [[Gérard Thibault d'Anvers]] even described him as a Diestro (a master of the principles of the Spanish fencing style [[la Verdadera Destreza]]).{{cn}} | The importance of Fabris' work can hardly be overstated. His treatise was reprinted for over a hundred years after his death, plagiarized several times by later writers, and translated into both German and Latin. He is almost universally praised by later masters and fencing historians, and the great Flemish master [[Gérard Thibault d'Anvers]] even described him as a Diestro (a master of the principles of the Spanish fencing style [[la Verdadera Destreza]]).{{cn}} | ||
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! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p> | ! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p> | ||
! <p>[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype Transcription]] (1601)<br/></p> | ! <p>[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype Transcription]] (1601)<br/></p> | ||
− | ! <p>Italian Transcription (1606)<br/></p> | + | ! <p>Italian Transcription (1606){{edit index|Scienza d’Arme (Salvator Fabris) 1606.pdf}}<br/></p> |
− | ! <p>[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609)<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p> | + | ! <p>[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609){{edit index|La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p> |
− | ! <p>[[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635)</p> | + | ! <p>[[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635){{edit index|Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)}}</p> |
− | ! <p>German | + | ! <p>German Translation (1677)<br/>by [[Alex Kiermayer]]</p> |
− | ! <p> | + | ! <p>French Translation (1644){{edit index|Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2 1619.pdf}}<br/></p> |
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| [http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf Text to copy over] | | [http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf Text to copy over] | ||
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− | | [ | + | | [[Index:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf|Text to copy over]] |
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! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p> | ! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p> | ||
! <p>[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype Transcription]] (1601)<br/></p> | ! <p>[[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype Transcription]] (1601)<br/></p> | ||
− | ! <p>Italian Transcription (1606)<br/></p> | + | ! <p>Italian Transcription (1606){{edit index|Scienza d’Arme (Salvator Fabris) 1606.pdf}}<br/></p> |
− | ! <p>[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609)<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p> | + | ! <p>[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|MS KB.73.J.38]] (1600-1609){{edit index|La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p> |
− | ! <p>[[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635)</p> | + | ! <p>[[Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)|MS Dresd.C.94a]] (ca. 1635){{edit index|Fechtkunst aus dem Italienischen (MS Dresd.C.94a)}}</p> |
− | ! <p>German | + | ! <p>German Translation (1677)<br/>by [[Alex Kiermayer]]</p> |
− | ! <p> | + | ! <p>French Translation (1644){{edit index|Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2 1619.pdf}}<br/></p> |
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| [http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf Text to copy over] | | [http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf Text to copy over] | ||
| | | | ||
− | | [ | + | | [[Index:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf|Text to copy over]] |
− | | | + | | [[Index:Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2 1619.pdf|Text to copy over]] |
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{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
− | | work = [[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype]] (1601) | + | | work = [[Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI.kgl.Saml.1868.4040)|Archetype Transcription]] (1601) |
| authors = | | authors = | ||
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− | | work = Italian | + | | work = Italian Transcription (1606) |
− | | authors = | + | | authors = [[Michael Chidester]] |
| source link = | | source link = | ||
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− | | work = ''[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|La Scientia della Spada]]'' (1600-1609) | + | | work = {{nowrap|''[[La Scientia della Spada (MS KB.73.J.38)|La Scientia della Spada]]'' (1600-1609)}} |
| authors = [[Reinier van Noort]] | | authors = [[Reinier van Noort]] | ||
| source link = http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf | | source link = http://www.bruchius.com/docs/La%20Scien%20della%20Spada%20-%20Transcription%20by%20RvN.pdf | ||
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− | | work = German | + | | work = French Translation (1619) |
+ | | authors = | ||
+ | | source link = | ||
+ | | source title= [[Index:Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2 1619.pdf|Index:Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2]] | ||
+ | | license = | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox | ||
+ | | work = German Translation (1677) | ||
| authors = [[Alex Kiermayer]] | | authors = [[Alex Kiermayer]] | ||
| source link = http://www.schwertkampf-ochs.de/Essays/FabrisTransscription.pdf | | source link = http://www.schwertkampf-ochs.de/Essays/FabrisTransscription.pdf | ||
| source title= Ochs Historische Kampfkünste | | source title= Ochs Historische Kampfkünste | ||
| license = copyrighted | | license = copyrighted | ||
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[[Category:Masters]] | [[Category:Masters]] | ||
+ | [[Category:German]] | ||
[[Category:Italian]] | [[Category:Italian]] | ||
− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Latin]] |
[[Category:Copy/Pasting]] | [[Category:Copy/Pasting]] |
Revision as of 15:13, 7 August 2020
Salvator Fabris | |
---|---|
200px | |
Born | 1544 Padua, Italy |
Died | 11 Nov 1618 (aged 74) Padua, Italy |
Occupation |
|
Nationality | Italian |
Alma mater | University of Padua (?) |
Patron |
|
Influenced | |
Genres | Fencing manual |
Language | Italian |
Notable work(s) | Scienza d’Arme (1606) |
Manuscript(s) |
|
Translations |
Salvator Fabris (Salvador Fabbri, Salvator Fabriz, Fabrice; 1544-1618) was a 16th – 17th century Italian knight and fencing master. He was born in or around Padua, Italy in 1544, and although little is known about his early years, he seems to have studied fencing from a young age and possibly attended the prestigious University of Padua.[citation needed] The French master Henry de Sainct Didier recounts a meeting with an Italian fencer named "Fabrice" during the course of preparing his treatise (completed in 1573) in which they debated fencing theory, potentially placing Fabris in France in the early 1570s.[1] In the 1580s, Fabris corresponded with one Christian Barnekow, a Danish nobleman with ties to the royal court as well as an aluminus of the university.[2] It seems likely that Fabris traveled a great deal during the 1570s and 80s, spending time in France, Germany, Spain, and possibly other regions before returning to teach at his alma mater.[citation needed]
It is unclear if Fabris himself was of noble birth, but at some point he seems to have earned a knighthood. In fact, he is described in his treatise as Supremus Eques ("Supreme Knight") of the Order of the Seven Hearts. In Johann Joachim Hynitzsch's introduction to the 1676 edition, he identifies Fabris as a Colonel of the Order.[3] It seems therefore that he was not only a knight of the Order of the Seven Hearts, but rose to a high rank and perhaps even overall leadership.
Fabris' whereabouts in the 1590s are uncertain, but there are rumors. In 1594, he may have been hired by King Sigismund of Poland to assassinate his uncle Karl, a Swedish duke and competitor for the Swedish crown. According to the story, Fabris participated in a sword dance (or possibly a dramatic play) with a sharp sword and was to slay Karl during the performance when the audience was distracted. (The duke was warned and avoided the event, saving his life.)[4] In ca. 1599, Fabris may have been invited to England by noted playwright William Shakespeare to choreograph the fight scenes in his premier of Hamlet.[5][2] He also presumably spent considerable time in the 1590s developing the fencing manual that would guarantee his lasting fame.
What is certain is that by 1598, Fabris had left his position at the University of Padua and was attached to the court of Johan Frederik, the young duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. He continued in the duke's service until 1601, and as a parting gift prepared a lavishly-illustrated, three-volume manuscript of his treatise entitled Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI kongelig Samling 1868 4040).[2]
In 1601, Fabris was hired as chief rapier instructor to the court of Christianus IV, King of Denmark and Duke Johan Frederik's cousin. He ultimately served in the royal court for five years; toward the end of his tenure and at the king's insistence, he published his opus under the title Sienza e Pratica d’Arme ("Science and Practice of Arms") or De lo Schermo, overo Scienza d’Arme ("On Defense, or the Science of Arms"). Christianus funded this first edition and placed his court artist, Jan van Halbeeck, at Fabris' disposal to illustrate the treatise; it was ultimately published in Copenhagen on 25 September 1606.[2]
Soon after the text was published, and perhaps feeling his 62 years, Fabris begged to be released from his six-year contract with the king so that he might return home. He traveled through northern Germany and was in Paris, France, in 1608. Ultimately, he received a position at the University of Padua and there passed his final years. He died of a fever on 11 November 1618 at the age of 74, and the town of Padua declared an official day of mourning in his honor. In 1676, the town of Padua erected a statue of the master in the Chiesa del Santo.
The importance of Fabris' work can hardly be overstated. His treatise was reprinted for over a hundred years after his death, plagiarized several times by later writers, and translated into both German and Latin. He is almost universally praised by later masters and fencing historians, and the great Flemish master Gérard Thibault d'Anvers even described him as a Diestro (a master of the principles of the Spanish fencing style la Verdadera Destreza).[citation needed]
Contents
Treatise
Images |
Archetype Transcription (1601) |
Italian Transcription (1606) |
MS KB.73.J.38 (1600-1609) |
MS Dresd.C.94a (ca. 1635) |
German Translation (1677) |
French Translation (1644) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Text to copy over | Text to copy over |
Images |
Archetype Transcription (1601) |
Italian Transcription (1606) |
MS KB.73.J.38 (1600-1609) |
MS Dresd.C.94a (ca. 1635) |
German Translation (1677) |
French Translation (1644) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Text to copy over | Text to copy over | Text to copy over |
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
---|---|---|---|
Images | |||
Translation | |||
Archetype Transcription (1601) | |||
Italian Transcription (1606) | Michael Chidester | ||
La Scientia della Spada (1600-1609) | Reinier van Noort | School voor Historische Schermkunsten | |
French Translation (1619) | Index:Escrime Novvelle ou Theatre (Salvator Fabris) Book 2 | ||
German Translation (1677) | Alex Kiermayer | Ochs Historische Kampfkünste |
Additional Transcription Note (MS KB.73.J.38): Copyright 2010 by Reinier van Noort. Subject to Fair Use. Users may, without further permission, display, save, and print this work for personal, non commercial use, provided that the copyright notice is not severed from the work. Libraries may store this material and non-commercially redistribute it to their patrons in electronic or printed form for personal, non-commercial use, provided that the copyright notice is not severed from the work.
Additional Resources
- Fabris, Salvator and Leoni, Tom. Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005. ISBN 1-891448-23-4
- Reprinted by issued through Lulu.com in 2017.
- Fabris, Salvator and Garcia-Salmones, Eugenio. La esgrima o la ciencia de las armas: Libro primero, 1606. Editorial Sacauntos, 2010. ISBN 978-84-937207-8-0
- Fabris, Salvator and Garcia-Salmones, Eugenio. La esgrima o la ciencia de las armas: Libro segundo, 1606. Editorial Edizer, 2011. ISBN 978-84-938120-8-9
References
- ↑ Didier, Henry de Sainct. Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule. Paris, 1573. pp 5-8.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Fabris, Salvator and Leoni, Tommaso. Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005. pp XVIII-XIX.
- ↑ Fabris, Salvator and Leoni, Tommaso. Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005. p XXIX.
- ↑ Andersson, Henrik. Salvator Fabris as a Hired Assassin in Sweden. Association for Renaissance Martial Arts. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
- ↑ Barbasetti, Luigi. Fencing Through the Ages.[Full citation needed]