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{{infobox writer
 
{{infobox writer
| name                = [[name::Jud Lew]]
+
| name                = [[name::Federico Ghisliero]]
| image                =  
+
| image                = File:Ghisliero portrait.jpg
| imagesize            =  
+
| imagesize            = 250px
 
| caption              =  
 
| caption              =  
  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| birthname            =  
 
| birthname            =  
| birthdate            = before ca. 1440s
+
| birthdate            =  
 
| birthplace          =  
 
| birthplace          =  
| deathdate            = unknown
+
| deathdate            = 1619
| deathplace          =  
+
| deathplace          = Turino
| resting_place        =
+
| occupation          = [[occupation::Soldier]]  
| occupation          = [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=Fencing Master}}
 
| language            = [[language::Early New High German]]
 
 
| nationality          =  
 
| nationality          =  
| ethnicity            = Jewish
+
| ethnicity            =  
| citizenship          =  
+
| citizenship          = Bologna
 
| education            =  
 
| education            =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
 
| patron              =  
 
| patron              =  
  
 +
| spouse              =
 +
| children            =
 +
| relatives            =
 
| period              =  
 
| period              =  
| genre                = {{plainlist
+
| movement            =  
| [[Fencing manual]]
+
| influences          = {{plainlist
| [[Wrestling manual]]
+
  | [[Camillo Agrippa]]
}}
+
  | [[Giovanni dall'Agocchie]] (?)
| subject              =
+
  | [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]] (?)
| movement            = [[Johannes Liechtenauer|Liechtenauer Tradition]]
 
| notableworks        =  
 
| principal manuscript(s)= {{plainlist
 
  | [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Cod.I.6.4º.3]] (1450s)
 
| [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
 
}}
 
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
 
  | [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512)
 
  | [[Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)|MS 963]] (1538)
 
| [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|MS Dresd.C.94]] (1542)
 
| [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Cod.icon.393]] (1540s)
 
| [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Cod.10826]] (1550s)
 
| [[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556)
 
| [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]] (1570-71)
 
 
}}
 
}}
 +
| influenced          =
 +
 +
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
 +
| language            = [[language::Italian]]
 +
| notableworks        = ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' (1587)
 +
| archetype            =
 +
| manuscript(s)        = M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)
 +
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| first printed edition=  
 
| first printed edition=  
| concordance by=[[Michael Chidester]]
+
| wiktenauer compilation by=
  
| spouse              =
 
| partner              =
 
| children            =
 
| relatives            =
 
| influences          =
 
| influenced          =
 
| awards              =
 
 
| signature            =  
 
| signature            =  
| website              =
 
 
| translations        =  
 
| translations        =  
| below
+
| below               =
 
}}
 
}}
'''Jud Lew''' was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. His name signifies that he was Jewish, and he seems to have stood in the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], though he was not included in [[Paulus Kal]]'s ca. 1470 list of the members of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]].
+
'''Federico Ghisliero''' (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under [[Silvio Piccolomini]]. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.
 
 
Lew is often erroneously credited with authoring the [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Cod. I.6.4º.3]], an anonymous compilation of various fencing treatises created in the 1450s. In fact, his name is only associated with a single section of that book, a [[gloss]] of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]'s [[Recital]] on [[mounted fencing]] that is actually one branch of the so-called [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] gloss. Though some versions of [[Martin Huntfeltz]]'s treatise on [[armored fencing]] are also attributed to Lew, this is almost certainly an error.
 
  
Early on in its history, the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig [[gloss]] seems to have split into two or three primary branches, and no definite copies of the unaltered original are known to survive. The gloss of [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] also seems to be related to this work, due to the considerable overlap in text and contents, but it is currently unclear if Ringeck's gloss is based on that of pseudo-Danzig or if they both derive from an even earlier original gloss (or even if Ringeck and pseudo-Danzig are the same author and the "Ringeck" gloss should be considered Branch D).
+
In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.
  
Branch A, first attested in the [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg version]] (1450s) and comprising the majority of extant copies, has more devices overall than Branch B but generally shorter descriptions in areas of overlap. It also glosses only Liechtenauer's Recital on long sword and mounted fencing; in lieu of a gloss of Liechtenauer's short sword, it is generally accompanied by the short sword teachings of [[Andre Liegniczer]] and [[Martin Huntfeltz]] (or, in the case of the 1512 [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna II]], Ringeck's short sword gloss). Apart from the Augsburg, the other principal text in Branch A is the [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg version]] (1491), which was copied independently and also incorporates nine paragraphs from Ringeck's gloss and twenty-one paragraphs from an unidentified third source. Branch A was redacted by [[Paulus Hector Mair]] (three mss., 1540s), [[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Lienhart Sollinger]] (1556), and [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Joachim Meyer]] (1570), which despite being the latest is the cleanest extant version and was likely either copied directly from the original or created by comparing multiple versions to correct their errors. It was also one of the bases for [[Johannes Lecküchner]]'s gloss on the [[Messer]] in the late 1470s.
+
Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the ''Vitruvian Man'' in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.
  
Branch B, attested first in the [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome version]] (1452), is found in only four manuscripts; it tends to feature slightly longer descriptions than Branch A, but includes fewer devices overall...<noinclude> Branch B glosses Liechtenauer's entire Recital, including the short sword section, and may therefore be considered more complete than Branch A; it also different from Branch A in that three of the four known copies are illustrated to some extent, where none in the other branch are. The [[Goliath (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow version]] (1510-20) seems to be an incomplete (though extensively illustrated) copy taken from the Rome, while [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg II]] (1564) collects only the six illustrated wrestling devices from the Krakow. Even more anomalous is the [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow version]] (1508), consisting solely of a nearly complete redaction of the short sword gloss (assigning it to Branch B), which is appended to the opening paragraphs of Ringeck's gloss of the same section; since it accompanies Ringeck's long sword and mounted fencing glosses, a possible explanation is that the scribe lacked a complete copy of Ringeck and tried to fill in the deficit with another similar text.</noinclude>
+
Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.
  
([[Jud Lew|Read more]]...)
+
([[Federico Ghisliero|Read more]])
  
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Latest revision as of 00:51, 29 March 2024

Federico Ghisliero
Died 1619
Turino
Occupation Soldier
Citizenship Bologna
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s) Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (1587)
Manuscript(s) M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)

Federico Ghisliero (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under Silvio Piccolomini. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.

In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.

Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the Vitruvian Man in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.

Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.

(Read more…)

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