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{{Infobox writer
+
{{infobox writer
| name                = [[name::Fiore Furlano de’i Liberi]]
+
| name                = [[name::Federico Ghisliero]]
| image                = File:Fiore delli Liberi.jpg
+
| image                = File:Ghisliero portrait.jpg
 
| imagesize            = 250px
 
| imagesize            = 250px
| caption              = This master with a forked beard appears sporadically throughout both the Getty and Pisani Dossi mss., and may be a representation of Fiore himself.
+
| caption              =  
  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| birthname            =  
 
| birthname            =  
| birthdate            = 1340s
+
| birthdate            =  
| birthplace          = Cividale del Friuli, Friuli
+
| birthplace          =  
| deathdate            = after 1420
+
| deathdate            = 1619
| deathplace          = France (?)
+
| deathplace          = Turino
| resting_place        =
+
| occupation          = [[occupation::Soldier]]  
| occupation          = {{plainlist
+
| nationality          =  
| [[occupation::Diplomat]]
 
| [[Fencing master]]{{#set: occupation=Fencing master }}
 
| [[occupation::Mercenary]]
 
}}
 
| language            = {{plainlist
 
| [[language::Middle Italian]]
 
| [[language::Renaissance Latin]]
 
}}
 
| nationality          = Friulian
 
 
| ethnicity            =  
 
| ethnicity            =  
| citizenship          =  
+
| citizenship          = Bologna
 
| education            =  
 
| education            =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
| patron              = {{plainlist
+
| patron              =  
| Gian Galeazzo Visconti (?)
 
| Niccolò III d’Este (?)
 
}}
 
  
 +
| spouse              =
 +
| children            =
 +
| relatives            =
 
| period              =  
 
| period              =  
| genre                = {{plainlist
 
| [[Fencing manual]]
 
| [[Wrestling manual]]
 
}}
 
| subject              =
 
 
| movement            =  
 
| movement            =  
| notableworks        = ''The Flower of Battle''
+
| influences          = {{plainlist
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
+
  | [[Camillo Agrippa]]
| Codex LXXXIV (before 1436)
+
  | [[Giovanni dall'Agocchie]] (?)
| Codex CX (before 1436)
+
  | [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]] (?)
  | [[Fior di Battaglia (MS M.383)|MS M.383]] (1400s)
 
  | [[Fior di Battaglia (MS Ludwig XV 13)|MS Ludwig XV 13]] (1400s)
 
| [[Flos Duellatorum (Pisani Dossi MS)|Pisani Dossi MS]] (1409)
 
  | [[Florius de Arte Luctandi (MS Latin 11269)|MS Latin 11269]] (1410s?)
 
| [[Fior di Battaglia (MS XXIV)|MS XXIV]] (1699)
 
 
}}
 
}}
 +
| influenced          =
 +
 +
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
 +
| language            = [[language::Italian]]
 +
| notableworks        = ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' (1587)
 +
| archetype            =
 +
| manuscript(s)        = M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)
 
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| first printed edition=  
 
| first printed edition=  
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
+
| wiktenauer compilation by=
  
| spouse              =
 
| partner              =
 
| children            =
 
| relatives            = Benedetto de’i Liberi
 
| influences          = {{plainlist
 
| [[Johannes Suvenus|Johane Suveno]]
 
| [[Nicholai de Toblem]]
 
}}
 
| influenced          = [[Philippo di Vadi]]
 
| awards              =
 
 
| signature            =  
 
| signature            =  
| website              =
 
 
| translations        =  
 
| translations        =  
 
| below                =  
 
| below                =  
 
}}
 
}}
'''Fiore Furlano de’i Liberi de Cividale d’Austria''' (Fiore delli Liberi, Fiore Furlano, Fiore de Cividale d’Austria; ca. 1340s - 1420s) was a late [[century::14th century]] knight, diplomat, and itinerant [[fencing master]]. He was born in Cividale del Friuli, a town in the Patriarchal State of Aquileia (in the Friuli region of modern-day Italy), the son of Benedetto and scion of a Liberi house of Premariacco. The term ''Liberi'', while potentially merely a surname, more probably indicates that his family had Imperial immediacy (''Reichsunmittelbarkeit''), either as part of the ''nobili liberi'' (''Edelfrei'', "free nobles"), the Germanic unindentured knightly class which formed the lower tier of nobility in the Middle Ages, or possibly of the rising class of Imperial Free Knights. It has been suggested by various historians that Fiore and Benedetto were descended from Cristallo dei Liberi of Premariacco, who was granted immediacy in 1110 by Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich V, but this has yet to be proven.
+
'''Federico Ghisliero''' (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under [[Silvio Piccolomini]]. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.
 +
 
 +
In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.
  
Fiore wrote that he had a natural inclination to the martial arts and began training at a young age, ultimately studying with “countless” masters from both Italic and Germanic lands. He had ample opportunity to interact with both, being born in the Holy Roman Empire and later traveling widely in the northern Italian states. Unfortunately, not all of these encounters were friendly: Fiore wrote of meeting many “false” or unworthy masters in his travels, most of whom lacked even the limited skill he'd expect in a good student. He further mentions that on five separate occasions he was forced to fight [[duel]]s for his honor against certain of these masters who he described as envious because he refused to teach them his art; the duels were all fought with sharp swords, unarmored except for gambesons and chamois gloves, and he won each without injury.
+
Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the ''Vitruvian Man'' in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.
  
Writing very little on his own career as a commander and master at arms, Fiore laid out his credentials for his readers in other ways. He stated that foremost among the masters who trained him was one [[Johannes Suvenus|Johane dicto Suueno]], who he notes was a disciple of [[Nicholai de Toblem]]; unfortunately, both names are given in Latin so there is little we can conclude about them other than that they were probably among the Italians and Germans he alludes to, and that one or both were well known in Fiore's time. He further offered an extensive list of the famous ''condottieri'' that he trained, including Piero Paolo del Verde (Peter von Grünen), Niccolo Unricilino (Nikolo von Urslingen), Galeazzo Cattaneo dei Grumelli (Galeazzo Gonzaga da Mantova), Lancillotto Beccaria di Pavia, Giovannino da Baggio di Milano, and Azzone di Castelbarco, and also highlights some of their martial exploits.
+
Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.
  
([[Fiore de'i Liberi|Read more]]...)
+
([[Federico Ghisliero|Read more]])
  
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Latest revision as of 00:51, 29 March 2024

Federico Ghisliero
Died 1619
Turino
Occupation Soldier
Citizenship Bologna
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s) Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (1587)
Manuscript(s) M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)

Federico Ghisliero (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under Silvio Piccolomini. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.

In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.

Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the Vitruvian Man in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.

Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.

(Read more…)

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