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{{Infobox writer
+
{{infobox writer
| name                = Andre Lignitzer
+
| name                = [[name::Federico Ghisliero]]
| image                =  
+
| image                = File:Ghisliero portrait.jpg
| imagesize            =  
+
| imagesize            = 250px
 
| caption              =  
 
| caption              =  
  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| pseudonym            =  
 
| birthname            =  
 
| birthname            =  
| birthdate            = unknown
+
| birthdate            =  
| birthplace          = Legnica, Poland
+
| birthplace          =  
| deathdate            = before 1452
+
| deathdate            = 1619
| deathplace          =  
+
| deathplace          = Turino
| resting_place        =
+
| occupation          = [[occupation::Soldier]]  
| occupation          = [[Fencing master]]
 
| language            = [[:Early New High German]]
 
 
| nationality          =  
 
| nationality          =  
 
| ethnicity            =  
 
| ethnicity            =  
| citizenship          =  
+
| citizenship          = Bologna
 
| education            =  
 
| education            =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
 
| alma_mater          =  
 
| patron              =  
 
| patron              =  
  
 +
| spouse              =
 +
| children            =
 +
| relatives            =
 
| period              =  
 
| period              =  
| genre                = {{plainlist
+
| movement            =  
| [[Fencing manual]]
+
| influences          = {{plainlist
| [[Wrestling manual]]
+
  | [[Camillo Agrippa]]
}}
+
  | [[Giovanni dall'Agocchie]] (?)
| subject              =
+
  | [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]] (?)
| movement            = [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]]
 
| notableworks        =  
 
| manuscript(s)        = {{plainlist
 
  | [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod. 44.A.8]] (1452)
 
| [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Cod. I.6.4º.3]] (1460s)
 
| [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s)
 
| [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
 
| [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd. C.487]] (ca.1500s)
 
| [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|MS E.1939.65.341]] (1508)
 
  | [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|MS Germ.Quart.2020]] (1535-40)
 
  | [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|MSS Dresd. C.93/94]] (1542)
 
| [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Cod. 10825/10826]] (1550s)
 
| [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Cod.icon. 393]] (1550s)
 
| [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod. I.6.2º.2]] (1564)
 
 
}}
 
}}
 +
| influenced          =
 +
 +
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
 +
| language            = [[language::Italian]]
 +
| notableworks        = ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' (1587)
 +
| archetype            =
 +
| manuscript(s)        = M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)
 
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| principal manuscript(s)=
| first printed edition= [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2010
+
| first printed edition=  
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
+
| wiktenauer compilation by=
  
| spouse              =
 
| partner              =
 
| children            =
 
| relatives            = Jacob Lignitzer (brother)
 
| influences          =
 
| influenced          =
 
| awards              =
 
 
| signature            =  
 
| signature            =  
| website              =
 
 
| translations        =  
 
| translations        =  
 
| below                =  
 
| below                =  
 
}}
 
}}
'''Andre Lignitzer''' (Andres Liegniczer) was a late 14th or early 15th century [[German]] fencing master. His name might signify that he came from Legnica, Poland (German: Lignitz). While Lignitzer's precise lifetime is uncertain, he seems to have died some time before the creation of [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Codex Danzig]] in 1452. He had a brother named '''Jacob Lignitzer''' who was also a fencing master, but there is no record of any treatise Jacob may have authored. The only other fact that can be determined about Lignitzer's life is that his renown as a master was sufficient for [[Paulus Kal]] to include him, along with his brother, in his list of members of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] in 1470.
+
'''Federico Ghisliero''' (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under [[Silvio Piccolomini]]. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.
  
An [[Andres Juden]] (Andres the Jew) is mentioned as a master associated with Liechtenauer in [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Pol Hausbuch]], and [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Codex Speyer]] contains a guide to converting between [[long sword]] and [[Messer]] techniques written by a "Magister [[Andreas]]", but it is not currently known whether either of these masters is Lignitzer.
+
In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called ''[[Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (Federico Ghisliero)|Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii]]'' ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.
  
Andre Lignitzer is best known for his teachings on [[Arming sword|sword]] and [[buckler]], and some variation on this brief treatise is included in many compilation texts in the Liechtenauer tradition. He also authored treatises on fencing with the [[short sword]], [[dagger]], and [[grappling]], though these appear less frequently. Lignitzer's sword and buckler teachings are sometimes attributed to [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] by 20th and 21st century authors due to their unattributed inclusion in the [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresden C.487]], but this is clearly incorrect.
+
Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the ''Vitruvian Man'' in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.
  
Note that the [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg]], [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg]], and [[Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)|Graz]] versions of Lignitzer's treatise on short sword fencing are erroneously credited to [[Martin Huntsfeld]], while Huntsfeld's own treatise is credited to [[Lew]].
+
Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.
  
([[Andre Lignitzer|Read more]]…)
+
([[Federico Ghisliero|Read more]]…)
  
 
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Latest revision as of 00:51, 29 March 2024

Federico Ghisliero
Died 1619
Turino
Occupation Soldier
Citizenship Bologna
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s) Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii (1587)
Manuscript(s) M.A.M. Ghisliero MS (1585)

Federico Ghisliero (Ghislieri; d. 1619) was a Bolognese soldier and fencer. Little is know about his early life, but he came from a Bolognese family and studied fencing under Silvio Piccolomini. He lead a long military career that included serving under the famous commander Alessandro, Duke of Parma, in Flanders in 1582. He was also a friend of Galileo Galilei and a prolific writer, though unfortunately most of his writings were destroyed in a fire at the University of Turin in 1904.

In 1587, he published a fencing treatise called Regole di molti cavagliereschi essercitii ("Rules for Many Knightly Exercises"); two versions of the book exist, and it's unclear which was created first. One is dedicated to Antonio Pio Bonello, a well-known soldier and distant relative of Ghisliero, and the other to Ranuccio Farnese, who was 18 years old at the time and Alessandro's heir.

Ghisliero's treatise is notable for his use of geometry in relation to fencing, using concentric circles centered on where the fencer has placed most of their weight (often, but not always, the back foot), and sometimes including multiple versions of each figure in an illustration to show the progression of the movements he describes. He also seems to be the first author to reference the Vitruvian Man in a fencing treatise. However, his treatise is unique in that it was printed without any illustrations at all, and they had to be drawn in by hand. It's unclear whether this indicates that he intended to have printing plates made but was unable to do so, or that his plan from the start was to have the books vary based on how much art each buyer was willing to pay for.

Ghisliero died in Turino in 1619.

(Read more…)

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