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Difference between revisions of "Pieter Bailly"

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'''Pieter Bailly''' (1554-after 1608) was a [[century::17th century]] [[nationality::Dutch]] artist and [[fencing master]]. Born in Antwerp, he settled in Leiden in 1577 and married a woman from Noordwijk; they would eventually have two daughters and two sons, including famed artist [[David Bailly]] (1584–1657).<ref name="p66">Galas and Steepnut, p. 66.</ref>
+
'''Pieter Bailly''' (1554-after 1608) was a [[century::17th century]] [[nationality::Dutch]] artist and [[fencing master]].<ref name="p66">Galas and Steepnut, p. 66.</ref> Born in Antwerp, he settled in Leiden in 1577 and married Willempgen Wolfertsdr.; they would eventually have two daughters, Anna and Neeltgen, and two sons, Anthonij and famed artist [[David Bailly]] (1584–1657).<ref name="Keblusek 19">Marika Keblusek. "The Life of David Bailly". ''David Bailly - Tijd, dood en ijdelheid.'' Waanders Uitgevers, 2023. p. 19.</ref>
  
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In 1578, he was appointed ''pedel'' (macebearer) at the [[Universiteit Leiden]].<ref name="p66"/> A scribe and draftsman by trade, he was eventually also hired as a writing master by the University in 1592;<ref name="p66"/> he was successful as an artist, but his son would go on to eclipse him in fame.
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Bailly worked as an engraver and calligrapher for the [[Universiteit Leiden]] (just established in 1575) and the Leiden town council, and he was eventually also hired as a handwriting teacher by the University in 1582.<ref name="Keblusek 19"/> In 1586, he engraved and published a calligraphy textbook for teachers and students (subsequent editions were issued by an Amsterdam printer). In 1590, he was appointed second beadle (mace-bearer) of the University, further increasing his status, and performed various high-profile calligraphic projects for the Leiden council in that decade, and was eventually allowed to open his own shop.<ref name="Keblusek 19">Marika Keblusek. "The Life of David Bailly". ''David Bailly - Tijd, dood en ijdelheid.'' Waanders Uitgevers, 2023. p. 20.</ref>
  
−
In 1594, Bailly became a provost at the fencing school of [[Ludolph van Ceulen]] (1539-1610) at the University.<ref name="p66"/> He swore a fencing master's oath on 22 September 1597, which, among other things, prevented him from teaching fencing outside of van Ceulen's school. In 1598, he was dismissed from his position at the University under accusations of misconduct, but when he attempted to open his own fencing school to earn more income, van Ceulen filed a complaint with the Leiden council that he was violating his oath and the council shut his school down in 1602.<ref>Galas and Steepnut, p. 68.</ref>
+
In 1594, Bailly became a provost or assistant teacher at the school of German mathematician and fencing master [[Ludolph van Ceulen]] (1539-1610) at the University.<ref name="p66"/> He swore a fencing master's oath on 22 September 1597, which, among other things, prevented him from teaching fencing outside of van Ceulen's school. In 1598, he was dismissed from his position at the University under accusations of misconduct, but when he attempted to open his own fencing school to earn more income, van Ceulen filed a complaint with the Leiden council that he was violating his oath and the council shut his school down in 1602.<ref>Galas and Steepnut, p. 68.</ref>
  
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In response, Bailly moved to Amsterdam that same year and received an appointment as city fencing master. In Amsterdam, he composed a short fencing treatise about the use of the rapier, ''[[Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen (MS KB.72.F.37)|Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen]]'' (KB.72.F.37), which doesn't follow standard Italic or Iberic teachings and may represent a local Dutch tradition.<ref name="p69">Galas and Steepnut, p. 69.</ref> It's likely that he executed both the calligraphy and the illustrations in the manuscript himself (though his son David could also have been involved).<ref name="p66"/> The introduction indicates that the manuscript is volume 1 of a larger work, but it's unknown if he ever produced any further writings.
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In response, Bailly moved to Amsterdam that same year and received an appointment as city fencing master. In Amsterdam, he composed a short fencing treatise about the use of the rapier, ''[[Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen (MS KB.72.F.37)|Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen]]'' (KB.72.F.37), which doesn't follow the typical Italian teachings that had eclipsed other fencing traditions in the German region and the lowlands, and may represent a local Dutch tradition or an older German tradition learned from Cuelen.<ref name="p69">Galas and Steepnut, p. 69.</ref> It's likely that he executed both the calligraphy and the illustrations in the manuscript himself (though his son David could also have been involved).<ref name="p66"/> The introduction indicates that the manuscript is volume 1 of a larger work, but it's unknown if he ever produced any further writings.
  
 
The date of his first wife's death is unknown, but Bailly married Cathelina De Witt in 1604. The final record of Bailly's life has him leaving Amsterdam in 1608 to spend a year in Germany, and the date and location of his death are unknown.<ref name="p69"/>
 
The date of his first wife's death is unknown, but Bailly married Cathelina De Witt in 1604. The final record of Bailly's life has him leaving Amsterdam in 1608 to spend a year in Germany, and the date and location of his death are unknown.<ref name="p69"/>

Revision as of 02:04, 23 November 2025

Pieter Bailly
Born 1554
Antwerp
Died after 1608
Amsterdam (?)
Spouse(s)
  • Willempgen Wolfertsdr.
  • Cathelina De Witt
Children
  • Anna
  • Anthonij
  • Neeltgen
  • David
Occupation
Nationality Dutch
Alma mater Universiteit Leiden
Influences Ludolph van Ceulen
Influenced Girard Thibault d'Anvers
Genres Fencing manual
Language Dutch
Notable work(s) Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen
Manuscript(s) MS KB.72.F.37 (1602-1608)
First printed
english edition		 Galas and Steenput, 2011

Pieter Bailly (1554-after 1608) was a 17th century Dutch artist and fencing master.[1] Born in Antwerp, he settled in Leiden in 1577 and married Willempgen Wolfertsdr.; they would eventually have two daughters, Anna and Neeltgen, and two sons, Anthonij and famed artist David Bailly (1584–1657).[2]

Bailly worked as an engraver and calligrapher for the Universiteit Leiden (just established in 1575) and the Leiden town council, and he was eventually also hired as a handwriting teacher by the University in 1582.[2] In 1586, he engraved and published a calligraphy textbook for teachers and students (subsequent editions were issued by an Amsterdam printer). In 1590, he was appointed second beadle (mace-bearer) of the University, further increasing his status, and performed various high-profile calligraphic projects for the Leiden council in that decade, and was eventually allowed to open his own shop.[2]

In 1594, Bailly became a provost or assistant teacher at the school of German mathematician and fencing master Ludolph van Ceulen (1539-1610) at the University.[1] He swore a fencing master's oath on 22 September 1597, which, among other things, prevented him from teaching fencing outside of van Ceulen's school. In 1598, he was dismissed from his position at the University under accusations of misconduct, but when he attempted to open his own fencing school to earn more income, van Ceulen filed a complaint with the Leiden council that he was violating his oath and the council shut his school down in 1602.[3]

In response, Bailly moved to Amsterdam that same year and received an appointment as city fencing master. In Amsterdam, he composed a short fencing treatise about the use of the rapier, Cort Bevvijs' Van t'Rapier alleen (KB.72.F.37), which doesn't follow the typical Italian teachings that had eclipsed other fencing traditions in the German region and the lowlands, and may represent a local Dutch tradition or an older German tradition learned from Cuelen.[4] It's likely that he executed both the calligraphy and the illustrations in the manuscript himself (though his son David could also have been involved).[1] The introduction indicates that the manuscript is volume 1 of a larger work, but it's unknown if he ever produced any further writings.

The date of his first wife's death is unknown, but Bailly married Cathelina De Witt in 1604. The final record of Bailly's life has him leaving Amsterdam in 1608 to spend a year in Germany, and the date and location of his death are unknown.[4]

Treatise

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Galas and Steepnut, p. 66.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Marika Keblusek. "The Life of David Bailly". David Bailly - Tijd, dood en ijdelheid. Waanders Uitgevers, 2023. p. 19. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Keblusek 19" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ Galas and Steepnut, p. 68.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Galas and Steepnut, p. 69.
  5. ↑ Or "right".
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