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(Created page with "<section begin="1"/>{{red|b=1|All raise yourself here to the analysis and interpretation of the verses on the art of combat fencing}} Those composed and devised by Johannes L...")
 
 
(11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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<section begin="1"/>{{red|b=1|All raise yourself here to the analysis and interpretation of the verses on the art of combat fencing}}
 
<section begin="1"/>{{red|b=1|All raise yourself here to the analysis and interpretation of the verses on the art of combat fencing}}
  
−
Those composed and devised by Johannes Liechtenawer, who was the one high master of the art and well respected {{!}} and so that princes {{!}} and gentlemen {{!}} Knights and squires hear the art so that they then learn {{!}} and shall know {{!}} Thus the art has been allowed to be written with concealed {{!}} and considered words {{!}} This is so that not every man who hears it shall even understand it {{!}} and if this is done through an irresponsible fightmaster's will {{!}} then your art will be lessened because of it, similarly your art shall then not be open but vulgar, so direct the art that it not become widely heard {{!}} as in hear the art and conceal the same {{!}} and consider the words on combat fencing that stand after here {{!}} and then are clarified {{!}} In the comments {{!}} and laid out so that any man can retain well {{!}} and will understand if he knows other fencing.<section end="1"/>
+
Those composed and devised by Johannes Liechtenawer, who was the one high master of the art and well respected&nbsp;/ and so that princes&nbsp;/ and gentlemen&nbsp;/ Knights and squires hear the art so that they then learn&nbsp;/ and shall know&nbsp;/ Thus the art has been allowed to be written with concealed&nbsp;/ and considered words&nbsp;/ This is so that not every man who hears it shall even understand it&nbsp;/ and if this is done through an irresponsible fightmaster's will&nbsp;/ then your art will be lessened because of it, similarly your art shall then not be open but vulgar, so direct the art that it not become widely heard&nbsp;/ as in hear the art and conceal the same&nbsp;/ and consider the words on combat fencing that stand after here&nbsp;/ and then are clarified&nbsp;/ In the comments&nbsp;/ and laid out so that any man can retain well&nbsp;/ and will understand if he knows other fencing.<section end="1"/>
  
−
<section begin="2"/>{{red|b=1|Here you come to the foreword}} /
+
<section begin="2"/>{{red|b=1|Here you come to the foreword}}&nbsp;/
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| Young {{!}} Knight learn {{!}} <br/>to have God's love and women {{!}} honour {{!}}
+
| Young&nbsp;/ Knight learn&nbsp;/ <br/>to have God's love and women&nbsp;/ honour&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| Thus grow your honour {{!}} <br/>upon Knightlyhood {{!}} and learning {{!}}
+
| Thus grow your honour&nbsp;/ <br/>upon Knightlyhood&nbsp;/ and learning&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| Art you must sieze {{!}} <br/>and honour courtesy in war {{!}}
+
| Art you must sieze&nbsp;/ <br/>and honour courtesy in war&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| Wrestle well trap {{!}} <br/>Lance spear sword {{!}} and messer {{!}}
+
| Wrestle well trap&nbsp;/ <br/>Lance spear sword&nbsp;/ and messer&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| wield skillfully {{!}} <br/>and in other hands {{!}} ruin {{!}}
+
| wield skillfully&nbsp;/ <br/>and in other hands&nbsp;/ ruin&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| strike in {{!}} and hard there {{!}} <br/>Rush him stepping or in driving {{!}}
+
| strike in&nbsp;/ and hard there&nbsp;/ <br/>Rush him stepping or in driving&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| That the wisdom {{!}} <br/>that one keeps sees praise {{!}}
+
| That the wisdom&nbsp;/ <br/>that one keeps sees praise&nbsp;/
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small></small>
 
| <small></small>
−
| Thereon you retain {{!}} <br/>and have all the length and breadth of the art.
+
| Thereon you retain&nbsp;/ <br/>and have all the length and breadth of the art.
 
|}
 
|}
 
<section end="2"/>
 
<section end="2"/>
  
−
<section begin="3"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of a common lesson in combat}}
+
<section begin="3"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the analysis of a general lesson in combat}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>1</small>
 
| <small>1</small>
−
| {{red|Whoever dismounts<br/>&emsp;Begins to fence on foot}}
+
| {{red|He who dismounts <br/>begins fencing on foot}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is a lesson: One may fence in armor on foot and on horseback, thereafter as one wills the two, and also whatever correctly reveals that, and if it were the case that you shall strike or fence with someone on horseback, and tricks you so that he was too prudent or too powerful with it, then dismount on foot, and fight with him from the art written hereafter.<section end="3"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ Mark this is a lesson&nbsp;/ one can fence in harness on foot&nbsp;/ and on horse&nbsp;/ And this is as you should both realise and also well know&nbsp;/ and when it happens that you shall strike or fence with one on horse&nbsp;/ and it appears to you that he will injure or overpower you&nbsp;/ Then dismount onto your feet&nbsp;/ and fight him with the art described as follows.<section end="3"/>
  
−
<section begin="4"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about two stances}}
+
<section begin="4"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the analysis of two stances.}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>2</small>
 
| <small>2</small>
−
| {{red|He arranges his spear<br/>&emsp;Two stances, wielding correct weapons}}
+
| {{red|He places his spear <br/>two stances to wield weapons right}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when you have dismounted from the horse, you shall first meanwhile know to raise two stances by hand. The first stance is how you shall arrange yourself with the lance in combat. The second is how you shall arrange yourself with the sword. You shall also know two particular stances with the lance. The first stance is and pertains to him if he remains on the horse. The second stance pertains to him if he also dismounts. You shall also know to correctly drive the plays against the two stances, which will be explained to you hereafter nearest.<section end="4"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark that when you step off of the horse&nbsp;/ Then at first you should keep to hand two stances&nbsp;/ The first stance is how you shall fight with the lance&nbsp;/ The second is&nbsp;/ how you shall resort to the sword&nbsp;/ Also you shall know two particular stances with the lance. The first stance is taken to oppose him who stays on his horse&nbsp;/ The second stance is taken to oppose him if he also dismounts against the two stances&nbsp;/ You should rightly know the plays to then deploy that which will be clarified next.<section end="4"/>
  
 
<section begin="5"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first play}}
 
<section begin="5"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first play}}
  
−
Note, arrange yourself with the first play as follows: When you have dismounted from the horse and he does not want to dismount, then stand with the left foot forward, and set your lance to your right side into the ground, and hold the point against him, to whichever side he then rides to you. On the same side, turn yourself always against him, and lead his lance away with yours, and plant to him with it.<section end="5"/>
+
Mark now the first play, place yourself thus&nbsp;/ when you have dismounted from the horse&nbsp;/ and he will not dismount&nbsp;/ Then stand with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ and stand your lance on the ground to your right side&nbsp;/ and hold the point toward him to whichever side he rides to you&nbsp;/ always orient yourself toward him on that same side&nbsp;/ and with your lance deflect his off and thus attack him<section end="5"/>
  
−
<section begin="6"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="6"/>{{red|b=1|Yet one play}}
  
−
When you have dismounted on foot, if he then remains on the horse, then stand with the left foot forward and hold your lance in the middle with both hands athwart in front of you, so that the front point is longer than the back. If he then rides upon you with the lance, then sweep firmly with the front part of your lance to his right side to his, and plant to him with it with a step out onto his side.<section end="6"/>
+
When you are dismounted from the horse (and on) foot, if he then stays on his horse&nbsp;/ Then stand with your left foot forward and hold your lance in the middle with both hands out in front of you&nbsp;/ so that your forward end is longer than your butt end&nbsp;/ If he rides to you with the lance&nbsp;/ then strike close with the forward part of your lance onto the right side of his&nbsp;/ and attack him thus with a step out to one side<section end="6"/>
  
−
<section begin="7"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="7"/>{{red|b=1|Yet one play}}
  
−
Note, when you have dismounted on foot, if he then remains on the horse, then hold your lance next to your right side in the lower guard with the point against him. If he then rides upon you with the lance to your left side, then set aside with the lance also to your left side, and jump onto your right side and plant to him.<section end="7"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you are dismounted and on foot, if he then stays on his horse&nbsp;/ Then hold your lance near your right side in the low guard with the point toward him&nbsp;/ If he then rides to you with his lance aimed at your left side&nbsp;/ then set it aside with your lance also to your left side&nbsp;/ and spring to your right side&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="7"/>
  
−
<section begin="8"/>{{red|b=1|Again another play}}
+
<section begin="8"/>{{red|b=1|Yet another play}}
  
−
Note, when you have dismounted on foot, if he then rides upon you with the sword, then stab him with the lance to the openings, and assess if you may [have] planted to him, and do that with jumping out onto a side.<section end="8"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you are dismounted and on foot&nbsp;/ If he then rides to you with the sword&nbsp;/ Then stab to his openings with the lance&nbsp;/ and wait to see if you can hit him&nbsp;/ and do this with springing out to one side.<section end="8"/>
  
−
<section begin="9"/>{{red|b=1|Again another play}}
+
<section begin="9"/>{{red|b=1|Yet another play}}
  
−
Note, when you have dismounted, if he remains on the horse and rides upon you with the sword, then set your lance with the point onto the furthest in front of you into the ground, and when he rides upon you, move with the lance to his horse between the front legs, and jump onto a side, and attempt if you may overturn him as such together with the horse.<section end="9"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you are dismounted&nbsp;/ If he then stays on the horse&nbsp;/ and rides to you with the sword&nbsp;/ Then hold the lance at the farthest length out in front of you with the point to the ground and&nbsp;/ when he rides to you&nbsp;/ Then drive the lance between his horse's front legs&nbsp;/ and spring to the side&nbsp;/ and try to see if you can thus throw the horse over<section end="9"/>
  
 
<section begin="10"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the second stance, when you both have dismounted on foot with the lance against the lance in combat}}
 
<section begin="10"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the second stance, when you both have dismounted on foot with the lance against the lance in combat}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>3</small>
 
| <small>3</small>
−
| {{red|Spear and point<br/>&emsp;The “before” stab, stab without apprehension}}
+
| {{red|Spear and point <br/>then before stabs, stab without force}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is the second stance, when he has also dismounted, and holds his lance, and you do yours, arrange yourself against him as follows: stand with the left foot forwards, and hold your lance next to your right side in the lower guard, and assess that you always stab to him before he to you. Or, hold your lance with the right hand over your head to prepare to throw,<ref>Make a note, "zu dem schuß," literally "to the shot"</ref> and step to him as such, and assess that you throw before he [does], and follow quickly after the throw to him with the sword against the lance, which will be explained to you hereafter in other plays.<section end="10"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark that this is the second stance&nbsp;/ when he too has dismounted&nbsp;/ and wields his lance&nbsp;/ and you yours&nbsp;/ Then place yourself thus against him standing with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ and hold your lance near your right side in the low guard&nbsp;/ and always wait so that you can stab him&nbsp;/ when he stab you&nbsp;/ Or hold your lance with the right hand over&nbsp;/ your head to the shot&nbsp;/ and then step to him&nbsp;/ and wait so that you shoot when he stabs&nbsp;/ and follow soon after the shot with the sword against the lance, thus the second play will now be clarified to you&nbsp;-<section end="10"/>
  
−
<section begin="11"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about planting and about jerk with the lance in combat}}
+
<section begin="11"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the analysis of engaging and disengaging in fighting with the lance}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>4</small>
 
| <small>4</small>
−
| {{red|Jump, wind, correctly plant<br/>&emsp;If he wards, jerk, that defeats him}}
+
| {{red|Spring wind attack him <br/>onward disengage to face him on}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is another, when you both have dismounted on foot, and each has his lance. If you then do not want to throw as stands written before, then hold you lance next to your right side in the lower guard, and go to him as such, and stab him artfully to the face from stretched arms. If he then stabs in equally with you, then rise with your lance at his in the upper hanging, and jump to him with it, and plant to him above. If he then rises with the arms and wards the upper stab, then jerk, and set the point under his left armpit to the opening, or otherwise, where you may, and force through him in front of you.<section end="11"/>
+
Analysis: mark that this is another&nbsp;/ when both of you have dismounted onto your feet&nbsp;/ and each has his lance&nbsp;/ and you will not shoot&nbsp;/ as described above&nbsp;/ Then hold your lance near your right side in the low guard&nbsp;/ and thus approach him&nbsp;/ and stab him skillfully with extended arms to the face&nbsp;/ If he then stabs at the same time as you&nbsp;/ Then drive your lance onto his in the high hanging&nbsp;/ and spring with it to him&nbsp;/ and attack him high&nbsp;/ If he drives up then with the arms&nbsp;/ and wards the high stab&nbsp;/ Then disengage&nbsp;/ and with your point attack the opening under his left shoulder&nbsp;/ or elsewhere as you can&nbsp;/ and force him ahead of you<section end="11"/>
  
−
<section begin="12"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about a lesson, how one shall jerk}}
+
<section begin="12"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis from a lesson on how one shall disengage}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>5</small>
 
| <small>5</small>
−
| {{red|If you want to stab before<br/>&emsp;Learn to break wards with jerking}}
+
| {{red|If you will stab ahead <br/>with disengaging break the defense}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when you want to stab him before he you, or otherwise come before with the stab. If he parries the stab, then you shall know indes how you shall change through or jerk, so that he doesn’t plant to you while you jerk through, and hear it as follows: If he parries the stab strongly with the lance and lets the point go out next to you beside, then jerk quickly and stab him to the other side. Or, if he remains in the parry with the point in front of the face, then don’t jerk through, remain with your lance at his, and work to the opening thereafter as you sense whether he has bound hard or soft.<section end="12"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark this is&nbsp;/ when you will stab ahead to him as and when he comes ahead to you or otherwise with the stab&nbsp;/ if he then displaces the stab&nbsp;/ then you should&nbsp;/ know just then how you should change through or disengage so that he will not attack you while you are disengaging through&nbsp;/ and this&nbsp;/ undertake thus&nbsp;/ if he displaces the stab strongly with the lance&nbsp;/ and lets the point go aside near you&nbsp;/ then soon disengage and stab him on the other side&nbsp;/ Or if he stays in the displacement with the point in front of your face&nbsp;/ then don't disengage through but stay with your lance on the side&nbsp;/ and work to the opening&nbsp;/ after you have found whether he has bound light or hard<section end="12"/>
  
−
<section begin="13"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss, how one shall break the jerk}}
+
<section begin="13"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on how one shall counter disengages}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>6</small>
 
| <small>6</small>
−
| {{red|Note, if he wants to draw<br/>&emsp;From sheath, and he wants to flee}}
+
| {{red|Mark if he will pull back <br/>from injury and will fly}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>7</small>
 
| <small>7</small>
−
| {{red|Then you shall near to him<br/>&emsp;catch, yet wisely ward}}
+
| {{red|Then you should close <br/>to wisely deploy blocks}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is if he comes before with the stab, so that you must parry him, then parry so that your point does not go out wide next to him beside, but rather remain near to him with it in front of the face or the chest. If he then jerks or changes through it, don’t parry him, and follow after him with the point, and plant to him while he jerks through. If you then land your hit correctly with the plant, then force through him as such in front of you, and don’t let him come away from the point. If he then wants to flee back away from the point with [a] step away backwards, or jump backwards away from it, or wants to turn himself as such away from the stab, and turns to one side of you, then jump to him, and assess that you wisely and correctly grapple with arm breaking or otherwise with other wrestles.<section end="13"/>
+
Mark analysis&nbsp;/ That is&nbsp;/ If he comes forward with a stab so that you must displace then displace so that your point does not go too far aside from him&nbsp;/ outward&nbsp;/ But stay close to him&nbsp;/ in front of the face or chest, if he then disengages or changes through then don't displace him&nbsp;/ but follow after him with the point&nbsp;/ and meanwhile attack him as he disengages through&nbsp;/ step to his right then with the attack&nbsp;/ then force him thus ahead&nbsp;/ and let him not come off of the point&nbsp;/ if he would then fly from the point with backward steps or jumps&nbsp;/ or will thus twist out of the stab&nbsp;/ and twists to you on one side&nbsp;/ Then spring to him&nbsp;/ and see that you do so wisely&nbsp;/ and rightly grapple with arm breaking or with other wrestling&nbsp;-<section end="13"/>
  
−
<section begin="14"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about wrestling in combat}}
+
<section begin="14"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on wrestling in combat}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>8</small>
 
| <small>8</small>
−
| {{red|If you want to wrestle<br/>&emsp;Learn to correctly jump behind leg}}
+
| {{red|If you would wrestle <br/>legs back rightly teach springing}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>9</small>
 
| <small>9</small>
−
| {{red|Lock before shooting<br/>&emsp;Artfully locking the front leg before}}
+
| {{red|trap before shooting <br/>That you shoot front leg artfully}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is if you want to wrestle with him, then you shall, before all cases, know how you shall correctly jump behind his front foot, and you shall lock and trap the same foot with the art, which will be explained to you hereafter.<section end="14"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark&nbsp;/ that is if you would wrestle&nbsp;/ Then before all other things you should know how you&nbsp;/ rightly&nbsp;/ should spring to him behind his forward foot&nbsp;/ and you should first trap the same foot with art&nbsp;/ and locking it will now be clarified to you.<section end="14"/>
  
−
<section begin="15"/>{{red|b=1|This is a wrestle}}
+
<section begin="15"/>{{red|b=1|This is one wrestling}}
  
−
Note, when you attack him with wrestling, and he against you, see if he has a foot set in front or not. If he then does not have one in front, then jolt him to you or shove him from you, so he must step forward. If he then steps forward with the left foot, then jump quickly with the right foot behind his left, and bend your right knee, and press him behind with it into the back of his left knee, and jolt him over it with both hands.<section end="15"/>
+
Mark when you approach him with wrestling&nbsp;/ and he also to you&nbsp;/ Then see whether he has set one foot forward or has neither forward&nbsp;/ Then pull him to you or thrust him from you so he must step&nbsp;/ if he then steps forward with the left foot then spring soon with the right foot behind his left&nbsp;/ and thrust your right&nbsp;/ knee cap&nbsp;/ and hit into his left knee hollow with it&nbsp;/ and with both hands pull him over<section end="15"/>
  
−
<section begin="16"/>{{red|b=1|Another wrestle}}
+
<section begin="16"/>{{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}
  
−
When you jump to him with the right foot behind his left, step in with the left foot after between both of his feet, and grasp his left knee between both of your knees, and hold firmly with it, and shove him forward with the left hand to the cap, and with the right, pull him behind onto the side, so he falls.<section end="16"/>
+
When you spring to him with the right foot behind his left&nbsp;/ then stride with your left foot to him between both his feet&nbsp;/ and trap his left knee between both your knees&nbsp;/ and thus hold it fast&nbsp;/ and thrust with the left hand ahead to his head&nbsp;/ and with the right pull him behind and to the side&nbsp;/ so that he falls<section end="16"/>
  
−
<section begin="17"/>{{red|b=1|Another wrestle}}
+
<section begin="17"/>{{red|b=1|Another Wrestling}}
  
−
Note, when you grasp him with wrestling, and he against you, if he then stands with the left foot forward, then jump with the right forward in front of both of his feet, and move through him with the right arm under his left behind around the body, and grasp him as such onto the right hip, and throw him in front of you. Or, if he stands with the right foot forward, then jump with the left in front of both of his feet, and move him with the left arm behind around the body, and throw him in front of you over your left hip.<section end="17"/>
+
Mark when you grapple him with wrestling&nbsp;/ and he also you&nbsp;/ if he stands with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ then spring with the right foot forward in front of both his feet&nbsp;/ and drive with the right arm under his left through behind him around his body&nbsp;/ and trap him on your right hip&nbsp;/ and throw him in front of you&nbsp;/ Or if he stands with the right foot forward&nbsp;/ Then spring with the left foot in front of both his feet&nbsp;/ and drive the left arm behind around his body&nbsp;/ and throw him forward over your left hip<section end="17"/>
  
 
<section begin="18"/><section end="18"/>
 
<section begin="18"/><section end="18"/>
  
−
<section begin="19"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and gloss, that one shall know to drive all wrestles to both sides}}
+
<section begin="19"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis so that one shall know how to deploy all wrestlings to both sides}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>10</small>
 
| <small>10</small>
−
| {{red|From both hands<br/>&emsp;If you desire to end with art}}
+
| {{red|From both hands <br/>if you would conclude well with art}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when you want to artfully end with wrestling, you shall know to drive the wrestles from both sides, and hear it as follows: When [you] jump to him with the right foot behind his left as stands written before, if he then steps back with the left foot in the jump or while you jump, then step after him quickly with the left foot behind his right, and drive the lock and the trap, which you have heard before.<section end="19"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark&nbsp;/ that is when you would artfully end the wrestling&nbsp;/ Then you should deploy the wrestling from both sides&nbsp;/ and undertake this thus&nbsp;/ when he springs with the right foot behind his left&nbsp;/ stand as written before, if he steps then in the springing or while you are springing backward with the left foot&nbsp;/ then stride soon after to him with the left foot behind his right&nbsp;/ and drive to trap&nbsp;/ and then you have undertaken to lock him<section end="19"/>
  
−
<section begin="20"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the plays which one shall drive with the sword against the lance}}
+
<section begin="20"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis of the plays where one shall strive with the sword against the lance}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>11</small>
 
| <small>11</small>
−
| {{red|If it is displaced<br/>&emsp;The sword will be drawn against spear}}
+
| {{red|If you've been reversed <br/>the sword against spear will go seek}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>12</small>
 
| <small>12</small>
−
| {{red|Notice the stab<br/>&emsp;Jump, catch, wrestle, rush to him}}
+
| {{red|The weapon will take the stab <br/>Spring to wrestle reach to him}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when you have thrown your lance. If he then holds his, then observe quite precisely how he has grasped it, whether he lets the point go forward long or short in front of his front placed hand, and if he wants to stab to you above or below with it.<section end="20"/>
+
Analysis mark that is when you have shot your lance&nbsp;/ and he still holds his&nbsp;/ Then take the weapon you have reserved&nbsp;/ if he puts the point before you long or short letting the hand go forward&nbsp;/ and if he will stab to you high or low,<section end="20"/>
  
−
<section begin="21"/>{{red|b=1|Here note the play}}
+
<section begin="21"/>then mark the plays here…
  
−
When you have a sword and he a lance, if he then has grasped it short, and stands with it in the upper guard, then lie your sword onto your left knee in the guard. If he then stabs in above to the face, then rise and parry the stab with the sword in front of your left hand against his right side, and rise with it to his lance into the upper guard, and jump to him and plant to him. If you then don’t hit correctly with the planting, then drop your sword, and rush to him, and wait for the wrestling.<section end="21"/>
+
When you have a sword&nbsp;/ and he has a lance and holds it short&nbsp;/ and stands with it in the high guard&nbsp;/ Then stand in the guard with your sword over your left knee&nbsp;/ if he stabs one high to your face&nbsp;/ Then drive out&nbsp;/ and with the sword displace the stab on your left hand side against his right side&nbsp;/ and drive it onto his lance in the high guard&nbsp;/ and spring to him&nbsp;/ and attack him&nbsp;/ if you don't hit right with the attack&nbsp;/ then let your sword drop from your hand&nbsp;/ and reach to him&nbsp;/ and resort to wrestling<section end="21"/>
  
−
<section begin="22"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="22"/>{{red|b=1|Yet one play}}
  
−
When you have a sword and he a lance, if he then stands against you with it in the lower guard and has grasped his lance short, then stand with your sword also against him in the lower guard. If he then stabs to you below, then set the stab aside with the sword in front of your left hand, and move him with the pommel forward to the top of his right shoulder around the neck, and jump with the right foot behind his left, and jolt him over your right knee with the pommel.<section end="22"/>
+
When you have a sword&nbsp;/ and he a lance&nbsp;/ If he stands then with it toward you in the low guard&nbsp;/ and holds his lance short&nbsp;/ Then stand with your sword also toward him in the low guard&nbsp;/ If he stabs then low to you, then set the stab aside with the sword and your left hand ahead&nbsp;/ and drive the pommel forward over his right shoulder around his neck&nbsp;/ and spring with the right foot behind his left&nbsp;/ and pull him over your right knee with the pommel<section end="22"/>
  
−
<section begin="23"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about the parry with the left hand against the lance}}
+
<section begin="23"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on displacing with the left hand against the lance}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 163: Line 163:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>13</small>
 
| <small>13</small>
−
| {{red|Strike left long from hand<br/>&emsp;Jump wisely and then catch}}
+
| {{red|Hit long from left hand <br/>Spring wisely and then see}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>14</small>
 
| <small>14</small>
−
| {{red|If he wants to draw<br/>&emsp;From sheath, catch, and press}}
+
| {{red|If he will seek away <br/>from injury and hit}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>15</small>
 
| <small>15</small>
−
| {{red|So that he annoys the openings<br/>&emsp;With sword’s point}}
+
| {{red|so that his openings <br/>are harassed by the sword's pointt}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when you have a sword and he a lance. If he then stands against you with it in the upper guard, and has grasped it so that the point goes out long in front of his front hand, then hold your sword against him also in a guard. If he then stabs in above to the face, then strike away his lance with the left hand beside, and grip your sword quickly again with the left hand in the middle of the blade, and jump to him, and plant to him.<section end="23"/>
+
Analysis mark that is&nbsp;/ when you have a sword&nbsp;/ and he a lance&nbsp;/ if he stands with it toward you in the high guard&nbsp;/ and has held it such that the point goes out long ahead of his forward hand&nbsp;/ Then hold your sword toward him also in a guard&nbsp;/ if he stabs then high to your face then strike his lance aside with the left hand&nbsp;/ and soon after grip your sword with the left hand in the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and spring to him&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="23"/>
  
−
<section begin="24"/>{{red|b=1|Another play}}
+
<section begin="24"/>A second play
  
−
Note, when you have a sword and he a lance, if he then lays the point going out long in front of the hands and stabs you below with it to the testicles, then grab his lance with the left hand and hold it firmly with it, and stab him below with the sword to the testicles. If he then jerks his lance firmly to himself, then let it go suddenly, so he opens the side. With that, grab your sword with the left hand quickly again in the middle of the blade, and follow after him with planting to the same side, or wait for the wrestling.<section end="24"/>
+
Mark that when you have a sword&nbsp;/ and he lets the point of his lance go out long in front of his hands&nbsp;/ and stabs low to you&nbsp;/ then grab the lance with your left hand&nbsp;/ and hold it fast&nbsp;/ and with the sword stab low to his genitals, if he then pulls the lance back hard to himself&nbsp;/ then let it drive clear&nbsp;/ Thus he opens his side so hold the sword with the left hand again in the blade's middle&nbsp;/ and follow after him with an attack to the same side, or resort to wrestling<section end="24"/>
  
−
<section begin="25"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about which ends you shall search for the openings on the armed man}}
+
<section begin="25"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on how you seek the openings on an armoured man}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 183: Line 183:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>16</small>
 
| <small>16</small>
−
| {{red|Leather and glove<br/>&emsp;Correctly search for the openings under the eyes}}
+
| {{red|Leather and gloves <br/>under the eyes seek the openings rightly}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is where the armed man is best to win through the armor, that is under the face or under the armpit, or in the palm of the hand, or on the arm behind in the gloves, or in the backs of the knees, or below at the feet to the soles, and in the joint of the inside of the elbow, and between the legs, and at the sites in which the armor has its joints, and you shall therefore search for the openings, so that you shall not work nor stab to one far away, because you may have one nearer in front of you.<section end="25"/>
+
Analysis - Mark that where the armoured man is best overcome is through the harness&nbsp;/ that is under the face or under the shoulders&nbsp;/ Or in the hollow of the hand or on the arms behind the gloves or in the knee hollows or below to the soles of the feet&nbsp;/ and in the joints of the arm&nbsp;/ and between the legs&nbsp;/ and in the knowledge that his harness has joints&nbsp;/ you should thus seek the openings so that onward you need not work but stab&nbsp;/ when you next have one before you<section end="25"/>
  
−
<section begin="26"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about the forbidden wrestles, which of them those are, and how one shall drive them}}
+
<section begin="26"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis of the forbidden wrestlings what they are and how one shall deploy them}}<br/><br/>
  
−
'''Text:'''
+
<br/>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>17</small>
 
| <small>17</small>
−
| {{red|Forbidden wrestles<br/>&emsp;Learn to bring wisely}}
+
| {{red|Bring the forbidden wrestlings <br/>to the lesson wisely,}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>18</small>
 
| <small>18</small>
−
| {{red|Find to lock<br/>&emsp;Overcome the strong with it}}
+
| {{red|to lock find <br/>the strength to wend over with}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
'''Gloss:''' Note, this is if you may not come with the planting, because you run in with him<ref>Glasgow version adds "him"</ref> to the previously written openings, then assess that you bring the wrestles wisely to scale,<ref>G. "wisely and masterfully".</ref> and drive those which are forbidden from all wise masters of the sword, so that one shall allow no sport fencers<ref>G. "students".</ref> to learn nor see them on public competitions. Therefore, they pertain to the combat. They are arm breaks, and leg breaks, and knee shoves, and testicle bashes, and finger dislocations, and eye gouges, and a stronger person shall therefore become locked with the plays, so that he may well not relish his strength there, and note that in the next wrestle written hereafter.<section end="26"/>
+
Analysis mark that is&nbsp;/ If you can't come to attack when you approach one to the openings just described&nbsp;/ Then see that you bring the wrestling to task wisely&nbsp;/ and deploy that which is forbidden by all wise masters of the sword&nbsp;/ that which school fencers often are not allowed to learn or even see, onward these are known in the fight as the arm break and leg break&nbsp;/ and knee thrust and testes thrust&nbsp;/ and finger wrench and eye gouge&nbsp;/ and with these plays one shall be a stronger grappler in that he will not need to fully leverage his strength&nbsp;/ and mark this in the wrestling described as follows<section end="26"/>
  
−
<section begin="27"/>{{red|b=1|The first wrestle}}
+
<section begin="27"/>{{red|b=1|The first Wrestling}}
  
−
Note, if he attacks you above with strength and wants to jolt you to him or shove you from him, then strike your right arm outside to the top of his left forward by his hand, and press his arm to your breast with both hands, and jump with the right foot behind his left, and throw him from the foot over the knee.<section end="27"/>
+
Mark if he falls to you with strength from above&nbsp;/ and will pull you to him&nbsp;/ or thrust from himself&nbsp;/ Then strike your right arm out over his hand in front of his left and punch your arms on his chest with both hands&nbsp;/ and spring behind his left foot with your right&nbsp;/ and throw him off his feet over the knee<section end="27"/>
  
 
<section begin="28"/>{{red|b=1|This is an arm break}}
 
<section begin="28"/>{{red|b=1|This is an arm break}}
  
−
Note, if he falls to you with both hands to the arms and you against him, if he then does not hold you firmly, then grab his right arm with the right hand forward by his right hand or by the fingers, and hold him firmly by them, and with the left, grasp him by the right elbow, and shove it upwards, and bend his right arm over your left with the right hand, and raise his right arm upwards with the left arm, so you break his arm, or throw him in front of you.<section end="28"/>
+
Mark if he falls to you with both hands on your arms and you (hold) onto his&nbsp;/ if he does not then hold you fast&nbsp;/ Then with the right hand grip his right arm by the hand or by the fingers&nbsp;/ and thus hold him fast and with the left trap him by the right elbow&nbsp;/ and then thrust him over himself&nbsp;/ and with the right hand shove his right arm over your left&nbsp;/ and with the left arm raise his right over yourself&nbsp;/ Thus you break his arm or throw him ahead of yourself<section end="28"/>
  
−
<section begin="29"/>{{red|b=1|A wrestle and an arm break}}
+
<section begin="29"/>{{red|b=1|A wrestling and an arm break}}
  
−
Note, if he attacks you with both hands to the arms or to the chest, if he then does not hold you firmly, then grab his right hand with your right, and pull him as such in front of you with it, and with the left, grasp him by the elbow, and step with the left foot in front of his right, and jolt him over it as such, so he falls. Or, when you pull him in front of you with the right arm, then fall to him strongly with the chest upon it, so you break his arm.<section end="29"/>
+
Mark if he falls to you with both hands on the arms or into the chest&nbsp;/ if he does not then hold you fast&nbsp;/ Then grasp his right hand with your right&nbsp;/ and keep him thus before you&nbsp;/ and with the left trap him by the elbow&nbsp;/ and step with the left foot in front of his right&nbsp;/ and pull him thus over so he falls&nbsp;/ Or&nbsp;/ when you hold him before you with the right arm&nbsp;/ then fall out strongly with the chest&nbsp;/ thus you break his arm<section end="29"/>
  
−
<section begin="30"/>{{red|b=1|Again a wrestle}}
+
<section begin="30"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a wrestling}}
  
−
Mark when he falls unto you with wrestling Then grasp the front of his right arm by the hand with your left hand and pull him to yourself on the left side and strike your left arm with strength over his right in the joint of his elbow and with your left hand break his right arm over your right and spring with the right foot behind his right and throw him over your right hip.<section end="30"/>
+
Mark when he falls unto you with wrestling&nbsp;/ Then grasp the front of his right arm by the hand with your left hand&nbsp;/ and pull him to yourself on the left side and strike your left arm with strength over his right in the joint of his elbow&nbsp;/ and with your left hand break his right arm over your right&nbsp;/ and spring with the right foot behind his right&nbsp;/ and throw him over your right hip<section end="30"/>
  
−
<section begin="31"/>{{red|b=1|This is again a wrestle}}
+
<section begin="31"/>{{red|b=1|This is yet a wrestling}}
  
−
Note, when you wrestle with him and come near to him with the body, if he then moves to you with the left arm over your right shoulder around the neck, then move with the right arm outside over his left to the top of the joint of the elbow, and come with the left hand to help your right, and press downwards with both hands, and jump with the right foot in front of his left, and turn yourself from him onto your left side, and throw him over your left [sic] hip.<section end="31"/>
+
Mark when you wrestle with him&nbsp;/ and come with your body near to him&nbsp;/ if he drives then with the left arm over your right shoulder around the neck&nbsp;/ Then drive out with the right arm over his left and over the the joint of his elbow&nbsp;/ and bring the left hand to help the right&nbsp;/ and punch with both hands downward&nbsp;/ and spring with the right foot in front of his left&nbsp;/ and twist yourself from him on your left side&nbsp;/ and throw him over your left hip<section end="31"/>
  
−
<section begin="32"/>{{red|b=1|Again a wrestle}}
+
<section begin="32"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a wrestling}}
  
−
Note, if he falls to you with both hands into the arms and you against him, if he then strikes you with his left arm on your right and moves through with the left under your right behind around the body, then strike him outwards with the right arm strongly down from above into the joint of his left elbow, and step with the right foot in front of his left, and turn yourself from him, and sling him onto your left side.<section end="32"/>
+
Mark if he falls with both hands to your arms&nbsp;/ and you to him&nbsp;/ if he strikes with his left arm to your right&nbsp;/ and drives with the left arm to you under your right through behind around your body&nbsp;/ then strike with the right arm strongly from above down outward to him&nbsp;/ in the joint of his left elbow&nbsp;/ and step with the right foot in front of his left&nbsp;/ and twist yourself from him&nbsp;/ and sling him to the left side<section end="32"/>
  
−
<section begin="33"/>{{red|b=1|A wrestle and a murder shove}}
+
<section begin="33"/>{{red|b=1|A wrestling and a murder thrust}}
  
−
Note, when you have grappled him by the arms and he against you, if he has then set a foot forward and holds it stretched, then bash him with a foot onto the same knee, or bash him to the testicles, and make sure that he does not grip the same foot which you have shoved to him with. Or, when you set a foot forwards, bend the knee in front of you, so he may not harm you with the shove to the knee.<section end="33"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you have gripped him by the arms&nbsp;/ and he then has set a foot forward&nbsp;/ and stands it straight&nbsp;/ Then thrust one foot to his same knee&nbsp;/ Or kick to his testes&nbsp;/ and wait to see that he does not grab the same foot with which you kicked&nbsp;/ Or when you set one foot forward&nbsp;/ then budge the knee ahead of you&nbsp;/ Thus he will not want to injure the knee with the kick<section end="33"/>
  
−
<section begin="34"/>{{red|b=1|Again a wrestle}}
+
<section begin="34"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a wrestling}}
  
−
Note, when you want to wrestle with him, if he then grips after you with stretched fingers or with open hands or grabs you with wrestling and does not hold you firmly, then assess whether you may grab him by a finger, and break it upwards, and in front of him to circle with it, you also win his side with it, and otherwise other great advantages.<section end="34"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you will grab him with wrestling and he then grabs you to wrestle with extended fingers or an open hand&nbsp;/ and does not hold you fast&nbsp;/ Then see if you can grasp between both his fingers&nbsp;/ and then break them upward&nbsp;/ and wrench them before him in a ring so that you force him to the side&nbsp;/ and thus to great advantage<section end="34"/>
  
 
<section begin="35"/>{{red|b=1|This is an arm break}}
 
<section begin="35"/>{{red|b=1|This is an arm break}}
  
−
Note, if you throw him down and he falls onto the belly and stretches his arm from him, then knee him quickly with a knee on an arm into his joint of the elbow, and grab the same arm forward with your hand, and jolt upwards with it, so you break his arm.<section end="35"/>
+
Mark if you throw him down&nbsp;/ and he falls onto his belly&nbsp;/ and pull his arm from him&nbsp;/ then soon knock him with your knee on the joint of his arm&nbsp;/ and hold the same arm forward with your hand&nbsp;/ and pull it up upward&nbsp;/ Thus you break his arm<section end="35"/>
  
−
<section begin="36"/>{{red|b=1|An underhold and an arm break}}
+
<section begin="36"/>{{red|b=1|A hold down and an arm break}}
  
−
Note, when you throw him down and he falls on the belly, then quickly sit behind onto him, and grab him by an arm, and pull it on his back, and hold it firmly with a hand, so he can’t come up. Or, if you want to break his arm, then you hold him with the one hand, then raise the same elbow firmly upwards with the other hand, so you break his arm.<section end="36"/>
+
Mark if you throw him down&nbsp;/ and he falls onto his belly&nbsp;/ Then soon sit on his back&nbsp;/ and grip him by an arm and wrench it onto his back&nbsp;/ and hold it fast with one hand&nbsp;/ Thus he can not come to get up&nbsp;/ Or if you would break the arm that you are holding with the one hand&nbsp;/ then with the other hand raise that arm's elbow well upward&nbsp;/ thus you break his arm<section end="36"/>
  
−
<section begin="37"/>{{red|b=1|A good underhold}}
+
<section begin="37"/>{{red|b=1|A good hold down}}
  
−
Note, if you throw him down and he falls on the belly, then straddle behind him near to his shoulders, and pull his right arm over your right leg to the top of your thigh, and pull his left arm over your left thigh, so he may not come up, and must therefore die under you.<section end="37"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ if you throw him down&nbsp;/ and he falls onto his belly&nbsp;/ Then sit down on his back near his shoulders&nbsp;/ and wrench his right arm over your right leg over your thigh&nbsp;/ and wrench his left arm over your left thigh&nbsp;/ Thus he can not come up&nbsp;/ and so must die under you<section end="37"/>
  
−
<section begin="38"/>{{red|b=1|Again an underhold}}
+
<section begin="38"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a hold down}}
  
−
Note, if you throw him down and he falls on his back, then fall to him with the body across his face, and grasp him by the neck under an arm, and hold him firmly as such, and with the other hand, jolt out his arm with which he wants to help himself, so he may not come up, and work with the dagger.<ref>Glasgow contains extensive differences.</ref><section end="38"/>
+
Mark if you throw him down&nbsp;/ and he falls on his back&nbsp;/ then let your body fall with the midsection over his face&nbsp;/ and trap his  neck under one arm&nbsp;/ and thus hold him fast&nbsp;/ and pull his arm out with the other hand&nbsp;/ the one with which he wants to help himself&nbsp;/ So he won't come out&nbsp;/ and work with the dagger<section end="38"/>
  
−
<section begin="39"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about the weapons which pertain to the combat, and how one shall work with the points to the openings}}
+
<section begin="39"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on how to resort to the weapon and how one shall work with the points to the openings}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 254: Line 254:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>19</small>
 
| <small>19</small>
−
| {{red|In all weapons<br/>&emsp;Turn the point against the opening}}
+
| {{red|With all weapons <br/>turn the point to the openings}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is a lesson, that you shall plant the point with all weapons which pertain to combat nowhere to the armed man other than to the opening which it is the best to win, and you shall correctly know to search for the openings with the point,<ref>And you shall... with the point" omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> because there are three weapons which have four points. The first weapon, that is the lance, which has one point. The second weapon, that is the dagger, which also has one point. The third weapon, that is the sword, which has two points, the first point is the tip, the second the pommel. And how you shall work<ref>G. "work to the openings".</ref> with the points, you find all of that written in the gloss from end to end.<section end="39"/>
+
Analysis: mark this is a lesson that with all weapons you resort to in combat against an armoured man you attack with the point&nbsp;/ when you would best win the openings&nbsp;/ and you should know to seek the openings rightly with the point&nbsp;/ and there are four points with three weapons&nbsp;/ the first weapon&nbsp;/ is the lance and it has one point&nbsp;/ the second weapon is the dagger which also has one point&nbsp;/ and third is the sword which has two points&nbsp;/ one point is the tip&nbsp;/ the other is the pommel&nbsp;/ and all about how you work with the points you will find described from end to end in the lessons<section end="39"/>
  
−
<section begin="40"/>{{red|b=1|Here note quite precisely, this is the text and the gloss of how one shall fence with the sword against sword in combat out of four guards}}
+
<section begin="40"/>{{red|b=1|Here mark well that this is the text and analysis on how one fights in combat with the sword from four guards}}<br/><br/>
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 264: Line 264:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>20</small>
 
| <small>20</small>
−
| {{red|Where one from sheath<br/>&emsp;Both see sword drawing from him}}
+
| {{red|Where one in defense draws <br/>the sword visibly to him}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>21</small>
 
| <small>21</small>
−
| {{red|So one shall strengthen<br/>&emsp;Correctly precisely note the compelling}}
+
| {{red|That one shall strongly <br/>defend right mark well}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is a lesson, if you both have thrown the lance, and shall fight with the swords, then you shall, before all cases, know the four guards with the short sword. From them you shall always strongly stab him to the face.<ref>"the face" omitted in the Glasgow.</ref> If he then stabs in equally with you or parries, then remain strong at the sword with the point in front of the face or in front of the chest, and note precisely if he is soft or hard at the sword. If he is strong, then drive the plays which belong against the strong, or if he is soft, then rather drive what pertains to the weak, as will be explained to you hereafter in the plays which one drives out of the four guards.<ref>Clause omitted from the Glasgow.</ref><section end="40"/>
+
Analysis: mark&nbsp;/ this is a lesson where both have shot the lance&nbsp;/ and shall fence with the swords&nbsp;/ Then before all else you shall know the four guards with the shortened sword&nbsp;/ from which you shall always stab strongly to the face&nbsp;/ If he stabs then at the same time as you or displaces&nbsp;/ Then stay strong on his sword with the point in front of his face or his chest&nbsp;/ and mark if he is weak or strong at the sword&nbsp;/ if he is strong then deploy the play against strength or if he is weak&nbsp;/ then deploy instead what you have learned for weakness, as taught in the plays one deploys from the four guards, which will be clarified as follows<section end="40"/>
  
−
<section begin="41"/>{{red|b=1|Here note the first guard with the short sword in combat with its plays and its arrangement}}
+
<section begin="41"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here the first guard with the shortened sword in combat with its plays and your placement}}
  
−
Note, this is the first guard in combat, arrange yourself with it as follows: Stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword with the right hand by the handle, and with the left hand grip the middle of the blade, and hold it next to your right side over the head, and let the point hang against his face.<section end="41"/>
+
Mark this is the first guard for combat&nbsp;/ and place yourself in it thus&nbsp;/ Stand with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ and hold your sword with the right hand on the grip&nbsp;/ and with the left hand in the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and hold it near your right side over your head&nbsp;/ and let the point hang toward his face<section end="41"/>
  
−
<section begin="42"/>{{red|b=1|Note the first play}}
+
<section begin="42"/>{{red|b=1|Mark the first play}}
  
−
When you stand in the upper guard, if he then stands against you in the lower guard and wants to stab to you below, [you] shall not ward nor parry that,<ref>Clause omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> but rather stab him to the face, or plant to him above, so he may not reach you below, because all upper plantings break and free the lower. Or, if he stabs to you above, be it to the face or wherever it is, you shall ward that, so that he does not reach you above with planting.<section end="42"/>
+
When you stand in the high guard&nbsp;/ if he stands against you in the low guard&nbsp;/ and will stab low to you, you should not defend or displace but stab to his face&nbsp;/ Or attack him high so that he can't reach you below&nbsp;/ as all high attacks counter&nbsp;/ and defeat the low ones&nbsp;/ Or if he stabs you high&nbsp;/ be it to the face or elsewhere, you shall defend from this&nbsp;/ so that he does not outreach you with the attack<section end="42"/>
  
−
<section begin="43"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="43"/>{{red|b=1|Yet one play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the upper guard, if he then stabs to you below, then stab down from above through between the sword and his front placed hand, and press the pommel to the ground, and wind your point to his sword’s blade below through his sword, and plant to him to his right side.<section end="43"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stand in the high guard and he stabs low to you&nbsp;/ Then stab from above down between his sword&nbsp;/ and his forward hand&nbsp;/ and push the pommel to the ground&nbsp;/ and wind your point on his sword's blade through below his sword&nbsp;/ and attack him to his right side<section end="43"/>
  
−
<section begin="44"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="44"/>{{red|b=1|Yet one play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the upper guard, stab him artfully from it to the face. If he parries with the sword in front of his left hand and remains to you with the point in front of the face and wants to plant to you, then grab his sword by the point with the left hand, and hold it firmly and stab him with the right hand with force to the testicles.<section end="44"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the high guard&nbsp;/ Then stab him cunningly to the face&nbsp;/ if he displaces with the sword in front of your left hand&nbsp;/ and stays with the point at your face and would attack you&nbsp;/ then with the left hand grab his sword by the point&nbsp;/ and hold it fast, and with the right hand stab with force to his testes,<section end="44"/>
  
−
<section begin="45"/>{{red|b=1|If he then jerks his sword}} firmly to himself and wants to jolt it out of your hand, then let go of his sword suddenly,<ref>Tricky. The rome says "vrbrigen," the Glasgow says "verpringen," and the Vienna says "vbaring." Since we see this exact same construction in a lance play earlier, I'm going with "urbaring," and going to say that the author of the Glasgow didn't understand the word, so he went with "verbringen."</ref> so he opens the side. With that, grab your sword quickly again with the left hand in the middle of the blade, and follow after him to the same side with planting or with wrestling.<section end="45"/>
+
<section begin="45"/>if he pulls his sword&nbsp;/ strongly back to himself and will wrench it out of your hand&nbsp;/ then suddenly let the sword go back&nbsp;/ As he thus opens a side, with the left hand grip the middle of the sword's blade again &nbsp;/ and follow after him to the same side with an attack or wrestling<section end="45"/>
  
−
<section begin="46"/>{{red|b=1|This is again a play}}
+
<section begin="46"/>{{red|b=1|This is yet one play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the upper guard, stab him from it to the face. If he parries the stab and presses your point onto your left side, then jump with the right foot behind his left, and move to him with the pommel forward over his right shoulder around the neck, and jolt him over his [sic] right knee with it.<section end="46"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the high guard then stab out to his face&nbsp;/ If he displaces the stab and punches your point to your left side&nbsp;/ then spring with the right foot behind his left&nbsp;/ then drive the pommel ahead over his right shoulder around his neck&nbsp;/ and pull him over your right knee with it<section end="46"/>
  
−
<section begin="47"/>{{red|b=1|The first break against the play}}
+
<section begin="47"/>{{red|b=1|The first counter against the play}}
  
−
When he moves to you with the pommel around the neck over your right shoulder, drop your sword, and grab his right hand with the right hand, and with the left, grasp him by the right elbow, and jump with the left foot [to?] his right, and drive the arm break, or jolt him over the left leg.<section end="47"/>
+
When he drives the pommel around your neck over your right shoulder&nbsp;/ Then let your sword drop and grasp his right hand with your right&nbsp;/ and with the left hand trap him by his right elbow&nbsp;/ and spring with the left foot to his right&nbsp;/ and deploy the arm breaking&nbsp;/ or pull him over the left leg<section end="47"/>
  
−
<section begin="48"/>{{red|b=1|A break against the break}}
+
<section begin="48"/>{{red|b=1|A counter against the break}}
  
−
Note, when he wants to move to you with the pommel around the neck, grab his right elbow with the left hand, and shove him from you with it, and with the right, stab him with force behind to the back.<section end="48"/>
+
Mark when he would drive the pommel around your neck&nbsp;/ Then grasp his right elbow with your left hand&nbsp;/ and with it thrust him from yourself and with the right hand stab behind him to the back<section end="48"/>
  
−
<section begin="49"/>{{red|b=1|Note, a good break}}
+
<section begin="49"/>{{red|b=1|Mark a good counter}}
  
−
Note, when he has moved to you with the pommel over your right shoulder around the neck, grab with the left hand up from below between both of his arms, and grab his right arm with it and hold firmly, and turn yourself around from him onto your right side, and throw him over your left hip.<section end="49"/>
+
Mark when he has driven the pommel over your right shoulder and around your neck&nbsp;/ Then grasp up from below with your left hand between both his arms&nbsp;/ and grab his right arm with it and hold fast&nbsp;/ and twist yourself from him around to your right side&nbsp;/ and throw him over your left hip<section end="49"/>
  
−
<section begin="50"/>{{red|b=1|Again a break}}
+
<section begin="50"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a counter}}
  
−
When he wants to move to you with the pommel around the neck, grab his sword by the handle or by the pommel with the left hand behind his right, and press it downwards, and plant to him with your sword wherever you want.<section end="50"/>
+
When he would drive the pommel around your neck&nbsp;/ Then grasp with the left hand behind his right by the handle of his sword or by the pommel&nbsp;/ and push it downward and with your sword attack him where you will&nbsp;/<section end="50"/>
  
−
<section begin="51"/>Or, move through to him with your pommel under his right arm forward over his right hand, and jolt his hand downwards with the pommel, and plant to him.<section end="51"/>
+
<section begin="51"/>Or drive your pommel through under his right arm forward over his right hand&nbsp;/ and pull his hand upward with the pommel&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="51"/>
  
−
<section begin="52"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play out of the upper guard}}
+
<section begin="52"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a play from the high guard}}
  
−
Note, when you stab to his face out of the upper guard, if he then falls with the left hand between both of your hands in the middle of your sword’s blade, then move to him with the pommel how you want below or above to the top of his left hand, and wrench with it onto your right side, and plant to him.<section end="52"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stab to his face from the high guard&nbsp;/ If he drops his left hand between both your hands to the middle of your sword's blade&nbsp;/ Then drive him with the pommel&nbsp;/ as you will below the (crossed) or above over his left hand&nbsp;/ and wrench with it to your right side&nbsp;/ and attack him.<section end="52"/>
  
 
<section begin="53"/><br/>
 
<section begin="53"/><br/>
  
−
{{red|b=1|Note,}} how you shall strike with the pommel out of the upper guard, you find that written in the back in the play which says “of the forward foot with striking, you must guard”.<section end="53"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ How to strike from the high guard is described in the plays found above&nbsp;/ There it says&nbsp;/ You must guard the forward foot in striking.<section end="53"/>
  
−
<section begin="54"/>{{red|b=1|Here note, this is the second guard with the short sword in combat with its plays and its arrangement}}
+
<section begin="54"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here this is the second guard with the shortened sword with its plays and its placement in the fight}}
  
−
This is the second guard in combat, arrange yourself with it as follows: Stand with the left foot forward, and hold your sword with the right hand by the handle, and with the left, grip the middle of the blade, and hold it next to your right side downwards with the pommel against your right knee, and so that the point stands upwards to the man against the face or the chest.<section end="54"/>
+
This is the second guard in the fight and you place yourself in it thus&nbsp;/ Stand with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ and hold your sword with your right hand on the handle&nbsp;/ and with the left grip the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and hold it near your right side downward with the pommel against your right knee&nbsp;/ so that the point stands up toward the man's face&nbsp;/ or chest<section end="54"/>
  
 
<section begin="55"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first play}}
 
<section begin="55"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first play}}
  
−
When you stand in the lower guard, if he then stands against you in the upper and stabs to your face or wants to plant to you above, then stab him to his front placed hand to the opening of the palm, or set the point under his left armpit into the opening.<section end="55"/>
+
When you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ If he stands against you in the high guard&nbsp;/ and stabs to your face&nbsp;/ or will attack you high&nbsp;/ Then stab to his forward hand to the opening of the gauntlet&nbsp;/ Or set the point under his left shoulder in the opening<section end="55"/>
  
 
<section begin="56"/>{{red|b=1|The second play}}
 
<section begin="56"/>{{red|b=1|The second play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the lower guard and he in the upper, if he then wants to plant to you above, then grab his sword by the point with the left hand, and with the right, wind your sword with the hilt to your chest, and plant to him as such.<section end="56"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ and he will attack you high from the high guard&nbsp;/ Then with the left hand grasp his sword by the point&nbsp;/ and with the right twist your sword up with the hilt on your chest&nbsp;/ and thus attack him<section end="56"/>
  
 
<section begin="57"/>{{red|b=1|The third play}}
 
<section begin="57"/>{{red|b=1|The third play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the lower guard, stab him certainly from it to the face. If he then stabs in equally with you, then grab his left hand with your left, and grasp him by the left elbow with the right [hand], and drive the arm break.<section end="57"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ Then stab him freely to the face&nbsp;/ If he then stabs at the same time as you then grasp his left hand with your left&nbsp;/ and with the right trap him by the left elbow&nbsp;/ and try the arm break<section end="57"/>
  
−
<section begin="58"/>{{red|b=1|Break that as follows}}
+
<section begin="58"/>{{red|b=1|Counter it thus}}
  
−
When someone grabs your left hand with his left, move with the front part of your sword forward to the top of his left hand, and press downwards with it, and plant to him. Or, when you press his hand down with the sword, move with the pommel over his right shoulder, and throw him over your right knee.<section end="58"/>
+
When one grabs your left hand with his left&nbsp;/ Then drive the forward part of your sword ahead over his left hand&nbsp;/ and push below with it&nbsp;/ and attack him&nbsp;/ Or&nbsp;/ when you push his hand down with the sword&nbsp;/ Then drive the pommel over his right shoulder&nbsp;/ and throw him over your right knee<section end="58"/>
  
−
<section begin="59"/>{{red|b=1|Break it as follows}}
+
<section begin="59"/>{{red|b=1|Counter it thus}}
  
−
When he moves with the pommel over your right shoulder around the neck, turn yourself against him onto your right side, and move with the pommel outwards over his right leg into the back of the knee, and raise firmly up with it, so you throw him behind you.<section end="59"/>
+
When he drives the pommel over your right shoulder and around your neck&nbsp;/ Then twist yourself against him on your right side&nbsp;/ and drive outward with the pommel over his right leg into the knee hollow&nbsp;/ and raise it up with it&nbsp;/ Then throw him behind you<section end="59"/>
  
−
<section begin="60"/>{{red|b=1|The fourth play}}<ref>I don't get this or the following one.</ref>
+
<section begin="60"/>{{red|b=1|The fourth play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the lower guard and he in the upper, if he then wants to plant to you above, then stab through over his front placed hand, and to the sword, and press the pommel against the ground, and plant to him to his right side.<section end="60"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ and he in the high&nbsp;/ if he would then attack high&nbsp;/ Then stab through over his forward hand&nbsp;/ and his sword&nbsp;/ and push the pommel toward the ground&nbsp;/ and attack to his right side<section end="60"/>
  
−
<section begin="61"/>{{red|b=1|The fifth play is a break against the stab-through}}<br/><br/>
+
<section begin="61"/>{{red|b=1|The fifth play is the counter against the stab through}}<br/><br/>
  
−
Mark you stab to him from the low guard If he stabs to you from the high guard through between your forward hand and the sword and pushes the pommel toward the ground and would attack you, then mark while he pushes the pommel down Then drive out on the sword in the high guard and attack him.<section end="61"/>
+
Mark you stab to him from the low guard&nbsp;/ If he stabs to you from the high guard&nbsp;/ through between your forward hand&nbsp;/ and the sword&nbsp;/ and pushes the pommel toward the ground&nbsp;/ and would attack you, then mark while he pushes the pommel down&nbsp;/ Then drive out on the sword in the high guard and attack him<section end="61"/>
  
 
<section begin="62"/>{{red|b=1|This is the sixth play}}
 
<section begin="62"/>{{red|b=1|This is the sixth play}}
  
−
Note, when you stab to him out of the lower guard, if he then stabs you out of the upper guard through between your front placed hand and the sword and presses the pommel against the ground, and wants to plant to you, then note while he pushes the pommel down, rise at the sword into the upper guard and plant to him.<section end="62"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ Then freely stab out strongly to his face&nbsp;/ If he stabs at the same time as you&nbsp;/ and stops you with the point before your face&nbsp;/ and will attack you&nbsp;/ Then drive out on the sword in the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack him to the face&nbsp;/ if he then also drives out with the left arm&nbsp;/ and would displace you&nbsp;/ Then disengage&nbsp;/ and set your point under his left shoulder&nbsp;/ and force him ahead<section end="62"/>
  
 
<section begin="63"/>{{red|b=1|The seventh play}}
 
<section begin="63"/>{{red|b=1|The seventh play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the lower guard, stab him strongly from it inwards to the face. If he parries, then jerk through and stab him outwards to the face. If he continues to parry, and presses the point onto your left side, then step to him and shove him with the hilt under his left armpit, and move through with the front part between his legs, and raise up his left leg firmly upwards with the sword in the back of the knee with the left hand, and with the right, shove him above with the hilt firmly from you, so he falls.<section end="63"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stand in the low guard&nbsp;/ Then stab out strongly to him&nbsp;/ Inward to his face&nbsp;/ If he displaces then disengage through&nbsp;/ and stab him outward to the face&nbsp;/ if he displaces again&nbsp;/ and punches your point to your left side&nbsp;/ Then step to him and thrust the hilt under his left shoulder&nbsp;/ and drive the forward part through between his legs and with the sword lift his left leg hard upward by the knee hollow with your left hand&nbsp;/ and with your right above thrust forward hard with the hilt&nbsp;/ so he falls<section end="63"/>
  
−
<section begin="64"/>{{red|b=1|Break that play as follows}}
+
<section begin="64"/>{{red|b=1|Thus counter the play}}
  
−
Note, when he moves forward between the legs with the front part of his sword in the back of the left knee, and raises up with it, grab his right elbow with the left hand, and shove him from you with it.<section end="64"/>
+
Mark when he drives the sword's forward part ahead between your legs to your left knee hollow&nbsp;/ and so lifts it up&nbsp;/ Then grasp his right elbow with your left hand&nbsp;/ and thrust him thus from yourself<section end="64"/>
  
 
<section begin="65"/>{{red|b=1|This is another play}}
 
<section begin="65"/>{{red|b=1|This is another play}}
  
−
When you have grabbed his right elbow with the left hand, then grab his right arm forward by the hand with the right, and drive the arm break, and throw him in front of you.<section end="65"/>
+
When you have grabbed his right elbow with your left hand&nbsp;/ Then with your right hand grasp his right forearm near the hand&nbsp;/ and deploy the arm break&nbsp;/ and throw him before yourself<section end="65"/>
  
 
<section begin="66"/>{{red|b=1|The eighth play}}
 
<section begin="66"/>{{red|b=1|The eighth play}}
  
−
Stab him from the lower guard outwards to the face. If he parries the stab with strength, then move him with the pommel outwards into the back of his left knee, and jolt with the pommel to you, and lie with the right side above strong into him, so he falls.<section end="66"/>
+
Stab him from the low guard outward to his face&nbsp;/ if he displaces the stab with strength&nbsp;/ Then drive outward with the pommel to his left knee hollow&nbsp;/ and pull the pommel to yourself&nbsp;/ and stand your right side up strongly on him&nbsp;/ so he falls.<section end="66"/>
  
−
<section begin="67"/>{{red|b=1|Break that play as follows}}
+
<section begin="67"/>{{red|b=1|Counter the play thus}}
  
−
When one moves with the pommel outside over your left leg into the back of the knee, grab his left [hand] with the left hand, and with the right, grab his left elbow, and drive the arm break, and throw him in front of you.<section end="67"/>
+
When one has driven the pommel out over your left leg into the knee hollow&nbsp;/ Then grab his left hand with your left&nbsp;/ and his left elbow with your right hand&nbsp;/ and deploy the arm break&nbsp;/ and throw him before yourself<section end="67"/>
  
 
<section begin="68"/>{{red|b=1|The ninth play}}
 
<section begin="68"/>{{red|b=1|The ninth play}}
  
−
Note, when you stab him from the lower guard strong to the face, if he then moves through your sword below with the pommel and wants to set aside or wrench with it, then remain with the point strong in front of him, and press his right hand down with the sword while he moves through, and plant to him.<section end="68"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stab to his face from the low guard&nbsp;/ if he then drives with the pommel through below your sword&nbsp;/ and will set it aside or wrench, then stay with the point strongly in front of him&nbsp;/ and push his right hand down with the sword while he drives through and attack him<section end="68"/>
  
 
<section begin="69"/>{{red|b=1|The tenth play}}
 
<section begin="69"/>{{red|b=1|The tenth play}}
  
−
Note, when you stab him from the lower guard strong to the face, if he then falls with left inverted hand forward to your sword, then wind the sword with the point outside to the top of his left hand into the upper guard, and plant to him.<section end="69"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stab him from the&nbsp;/ low guard strongly to his face&nbsp;/ If he drops to you with his inverted left hand forward on the sword&nbsp;/ Then wind the sword with the point out over his left hand in the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="69"/>
  
 
<section begin="70"/>{{red|b=1|The 11th play is a sword taking}}
 
<section begin="70"/>{{red|b=1|The 11th play is a sword taking}}
  
−
Note, when you stab him from the lower guard strong to the face, if he then stabs in equally with you, then grab his sword in the middle with left inverted hand, and hold them both firmly, and move through with the pommel below his sword, and jolt upwards with it onto your right side, so you take his sword.<section end="70"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stab strongly to his face from the low guard&nbsp;/ if he stabs then at the same time as you&nbsp;/ Then grab the middle of his sword with an inverted left hand&nbsp;/ and hold both fast&nbsp;/ and drive the pommel through under his sword&nbsp;/ and pull it over yourself on the right side&nbsp;/ Then you take his sword.<section end="70"/>
  
−
<section begin="71"/>{{red|b=1|Break that as follows}}
+
<section begin="71"/>{{red|b=1|Counter it thus:}}
  
−
When someone grabs your sword in the middle to his with his left hand, and wants to wrench it out with the pommel below through, note while he grasps your sword into the left hand to his, then rise into the upper guard and plant to him.<section end="71"/>
+
When one grabs the middle of your sword with his left hand&nbsp;/ and would wrench out below with his pommel&nbsp;/ Then mark while he is trapping your sword with his left hand&nbsp;/ Then drive up to the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="71"/>
  
 
<section begin="72"/>{{red|b=1|The 12th play}}
 
<section begin="72"/>{{red|b=1|The 12th play}}
  
−
Note, when you stand in the lower guard, stab him strong from it below to the testicles. If he then falls to your sword with the left hand, and you against him to his, then throw his sword from the left hand, and grip yours with it again in the middle of the blade, and wind the point outside to the top of his left hand into the upper guard, and plant to him.<section end="72"/>
+
Mark when you stand in the&nbsp;/ low guard&nbsp;/ Then stab out strongly below to his crotch&nbsp;/ if he then drops his left hand onto your sword&nbsp;/ and you also onto his&nbsp;/ Then throw his sword outward with your left hand&nbsp;/ and once again grasp your blade's middle with it&nbsp;/ and wind the point out over his left hand in the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="72"/>
  
 
<section begin="73"/>{{red|b=1|The 13th play}}
 
<section begin="73"/>{{red|b=1|The 13th play}}
  
−
Note, when you stab him from the lower guard, if he then falls with the left hand to your sword, and you against him to his, then throw your sword to him with the pommel in front of the feet, and grab his left hand with your left, and his left elbow with the right, and drive the arm break.<section end="73"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you stab to him from the low guard&nbsp;/ if he drops his left hand to your sword&nbsp;/ and you also onto his&nbsp;/ Then throw your sword with the pommel ahead of the feet&nbsp;/ and grasp his left hand with your left&nbsp;/ and with the right grab his left elbow&nbsp;/ and deploy the arm breaker&nbsp;/<section end="73"/>
  
−
<section begin="74"/>Or, when you have thrown your sword to him in front of the feet, shove him with the left hand forward to the chest, and grab him with the right in the back of his left knee, and jolt him to you with it, and shove with the left above from you, so he falls.<section end="74"/>
+
<section begin="74"/>Or when you have thrown your sword before the feet&nbsp;/ Then thrust your left hand ahead on the chest and with the right hand grasp his left knee hollow and pull him thus to yourself&nbsp;/ and thrust with the left hand upward so he falls.<section end="74"/>
  
−
<section begin="75"/>{{red|b=1|You shall also know,}} that you may also well strike with the pommel from the lower guard, as from the upper, when it is even to you.<section end="75"/>
+
<section begin="75"/>You should also know&nbsp;/ that you can also strike with the pommel from the low guard&nbsp;/ just like the high guard&nbsp;/ when it suits you&nbsp;-<section end="75"/>
  
−
<section begin="76"/>{{red|b=1|Here note, this is the third guard with the short sword in combat, with its plays and arrangement }}
+
<section begin="76"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here the third guard with the shortened sword with its plays and placement in the fight}}
  
−
Note, arrange yourself as follows in the third guard in combat: Stand with the left foot forward, and hold your sword with the right hand by the handle, and with the left, grip the middle of the blade, and lay it athwart on top of your left knee in the guard. Break his plays from it with parry.<section end="76"/>
+
Mark the third guard in combat, place yourself thus:&nbsp;/ Stand with the left foot forward&nbsp;/ and hold your sword with the right hand on the hand grip&nbsp;/ and with the left hold the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and hold it across over your left knee in the guard that counters his plays with displacement<section end="76"/>
  
 
<section begin="77"/>{{red|b=1|The first play}}
 
<section begin="77"/>{{red|b=1|The first play}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword on top of your left knee in the guard, if he then stabs you from the upper guard to the face, then set the stab aside with the sword in front of your left hand against his right side, and rise into the upper guard, and plant to him.<section end="77"/>
+
Mark when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard&nbsp;/ If he then stabs to your face from the high guard&nbsp;/ Then set the stab aside on the sword ahead of your left hand toward his right side&nbsp;/ and drive up to the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack him&nbsp;/<section end="77"/>
  
−
<section begin="78"/><br/>Or, parry the stab between both of your hands to the sword’s blade, and move with the pommel over his front placed hand, and jolt downwards with it, and plant to him.<section end="78"/>
+
<section begin="78"/><br/>Or displace the stab on the blade between your hands&nbsp;/ and drive the pommel over his forward hand&nbsp;/ and pull it downward and attack him<section end="78"/>
  
−
<section begin="79"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="79"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a play}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword over the left knee in the guard, if he then stabs you to the face, then move through his sword with the pommel below, and set his stab aside with it in front of his left hand, and plant to him.<section end="79"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard&nbsp;/ If he then stabs to your face&nbsp;/ Then drive the pommel through below his sword&nbsp;/ and with it set the stab aside ahead of his left hand&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="79"/>
  
−
<section begin="80"/>{{red|b=1|Again a play}}
+
<section begin="80"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a play}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword over the left knee in the guard, if he then stabs to the face, then move through below with the pommel over his sword behind his front placed hand, and jolt his hand downwards with it, and plant to him.<section end="80"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard&nbsp;/ If he then stabs to your face&nbsp;/ Then drive the pommel down over his sword behind his forward hand&nbsp;/ and with it pull his hand downward&nbsp;/ and attack him&nbsp;/ <section end="80"/>
  
 
<section begin="81"/>Or
 
<section begin="81"/>Or
  
−
If he is too strong so that you may not jolt his hand from the sword, then wind the pommel up from below outside to the top of his left hand, and shove him from you, and plant to him with it.<section end="81"/>
+
if he is too strong and you cannot pull his hand from the sword&nbsp;/ Then wind the pommel up outward from below over his left hand&nbsp;/ and thrust him from yourself and thus attack him&nbsp;-<section end="81"/>
  
−
<section begin="82"/>{{red|b=1|You shall also know,}} that you may not continue to parry the hits with the pommel, than from the guard from the left knee, that you find written hereafter in the play which says “with his striking point…”<section end="82"/>
+
<section begin="82"/>You should also know&nbsp;/ that you should not displace strikes with the pommel&nbsp;/ that come from the guard over the left knee&nbsp;/ You will find this described after here in the plays&nbsp;/ that will address&nbsp;/ his strikes with your point<section end="82"/>
  
−
<section begin="83"/>{{red|b=1|Here note, this is the fourth guard with the short sword in combat with its plays and its arrangement}}
+
<section begin="83"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here the fourth guard with the shortened sword with its plays and placements in the fight}}
  
−
Note, arrange yourself into the fourth guard in combat as follows: Hold your sword with the right hand by the handle, and with the left grip the middle of the blade, and hold it under your right armpit, and plant the one hilt forward firmly to the chest, and hold the point against the man.<section end="83"/>
+
Mark the fourth guard in combat, place yourself thus: hold your sword with the right hand by the hand grip&nbsp;/ and with the left grasp the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and hold it under your right shoulder&nbsp;/ and set your hilt forward fast on your chest&nbsp;/ and hold the point toward the man<section end="83"/>
  
−
<section begin="84"/>{{red|b=1|Note a good lesson}}
+
<section begin="84"/>{{red|b=1|Mark a good lesson}}
  
−
Know, you shall come to the fourth guard from all other guards with planting, hear it as follows: When you stab to him from a guard, if it is then the case that you land your hit correctly, so that your point sticks in the armor, then immediately wind the hilt to your chest into the guard, and force him in front of you as such, and don’t let him come away from the point, so he may not stab nor strike again.<section end="84"/>
+
Mark that you come into the fourth guard from all other guards through attacking&nbsp;/ Place it thus&nbsp;/ when you stab to him from a guard&nbsp;/ and it strikes him rightly so that your point is in his harness&nbsp;/ then just as soon wind your hilt onto your chest&nbsp;/ and force him forward from yourself&nbsp;/ and let him not come off the point&nbsp;/ thus he can not strike or stab again&nbsp;-<section end="84"/>
  
−
<section begin="85"/>{{red|b=1|This is again a lesson}}
+
<section begin="85"/>{{red|b=1|This is yet a lesson}}
  
−
Note, everything that you want to plant, set it to the face, or to the neck, or to his left shoulder, or under his left armpit, and when you have planted to him, note if he is taller than you are, then force him as such in front of you, and assess that your point rises upwards, and is set well into the ring.<section end="85"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ all who would strike to attack the face&nbsp;/ or the throat&nbsp;/ or his left shoulder&nbsp;/ or under his left shoulder&nbsp;/ and when you have attacked&nbsp;/ then mark if he is taller than you&nbsp;/ Then force him thus before yourself&nbsp;/ and wait for his point to go out above you&nbsp;/ and he can be fully attacked with wrestling&nbsp;/<section end="85"/>
  
−
<section begin="86"/>Or, if he is shorter than you, then let your sword sink away downwards with the hand until onto your right hip, and so that your point stands upwards, and is set well in the armor, and force him as such in front of you.<section end="86"/>
+
<section begin="86"/>or if he is shorter&nbsp;/ than you then let your sword sink with your hand down till it's on your right hip&nbsp;/ and your point stands above&nbsp;/ fully set into his harness&nbsp;/ and force him thus forward from yourself&nbsp;-<section end="86"/>
  
−
<section begin="87"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about the two things, the first called the “before”, the second called the “after”}}
+
<section begin="87"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on two things which are named the before and the after}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 447: Line 447:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>22</small>
 
| <small>22</small>
−
| {{red|Before and after, the two things<br/>&emsp;Test wisely, learn with jump away}}
+
| {{red|Before and after the two things <br/>teach testing wisely with springing away}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is that you, before all cases, shall know the “before” and the “after,” because from the two things go all art in combat, and note the “before,” that is that you shall always come “before,” before him,<ref>It is "er" in the text because "ee wenn" is a conjunction, so it resets the case. It wouldn't do that in english I think, or I'm just an idiot.</ref> be it with the stab or with the hit, so he must parry you, and and as soon as he binds to your sword with the parry or otherwise, drive the play nimbly indes thereafter, as you test whether he is soft or hard at the sword, so he may not come to any break.<section end="87"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark that the first principle you should know before all others is the before&nbsp;/ and the after&nbsp;/ that from these two things come all arts in combat&nbsp;/ and mark that the before is that you should always come before he does&nbsp;/ Be it with the stab or with the strike so he must displace&nbsp;/ and as soon as he binds with displacement&nbsp;/ or otherwise on your sword&nbsp;/ Then skillfully deploy&nbsp;/ your play just then&nbsp;/ After you judge if he is weak or hard on your sword&nbsp;/ Thus he can come to no counter.<section end="87"/>
  
−
<section begin="88"/>{{red|b=1|Here note what is called the “after”}}
+
<section begin="88"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here that which is called the after}}
  
−
The “after,” those are the breaks against all plays which one drives upon you, hear it as follows: When he comes “before” with the stab or hit before you, so that you must parry him, note as soon as your sword sparks on his with the parry, then search indes with the point for the nearest opening, or wait for the wrestling, so you win his “before” with the parry, that is with the “after.”<section end="88"/>
+
The after is to counter against all plays the man deploys to you&nbsp;/ Undertake it thus&nbsp;/ when he comes before you with a stab&nbsp;/ or strike so that you must displace him&nbsp;/ Then mark as soon as the sword connects with his in displacement&nbsp;/ Then seek&nbsp;/ just then for the next opening with the point&nbsp;/ or wait to wrestle&nbsp;/ Thus with the displacement you win his before with your after<section end="88"/>
  
−
<section begin="89"/>{{red|b=1|Here note how one shall step away in combat}}
+
<section begin="89"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here how a man should withdraw in the fight}}
  
−
Know that no more than one step away pertains to combat fencing, and one step forth, and otherwise stand firmly, so that one will not become tired in the armor, and hear it as follows: If it is the case that he has rushed over you so that you may not come to any parry with the sword or otherwise, then step quickly backwards with the front placed foot, and assess that you plant to him indes quickly against, or grapple with wrestling with a step forth of the same foot with which you have previously stepped away.<section end="89"/>
+
Know that in the fight there is nothing more than one step back&nbsp;/ and one step ahead&nbsp;/ and otherwise standing fast&nbsp;/ Onward so that one shall not become tired in the harness&nbsp;/ undertake it thus&nbsp;/ when he has over reached you with the sword&nbsp;/ or otherwise so that you can't come to displace&nbsp;/ Then step soon backward with the forward foot&nbsp;/ and wait just then so that you soon can attack again&nbsp;/ or grapple with wrestling with a step forward of the same foot&nbsp;/ Then you become before through withdrawing<section end="89"/>
  
−
<section begin="90"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss about pursuit in combat}}
+
<section begin="90"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on following after in the fight}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 465: Line 465:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>23</small>
 
| <small>23</small>
−
| {{red|Follow all hits<br/>&emsp;To the strong, if you want to trick them}}
+
| {{red|Follow all hits <br/>with strength if you will weaken him}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>24</small>
 
| <small>24</small>
−
| {{red|If he wards, then jerk<br/>&emsp;Stab, if he yet wards, jolt to him}}
+
| {{red|If he guards then disengage <br/>stab as he goes backward}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, if you want to fool or trick the strong, they who fence wide and long, and want to overpower their things with strength, and do not hold from correct art, you shall rush to the same with pursuit, and with jerking through, as will be explained to you in the next play.<section end="90"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark if you will strongly overtake or touch when you fence far&nbsp;/ and long&nbsp;/ and would reach and wind over him with strength&nbsp;/ and with proper art not be stopped&nbsp;/ you should rush him with following after&nbsp;/ and with disengages through&nbsp;/ as will be clarified to you in the next play.<section end="90"/>
  
−
<section begin="91"/>{{red|b=1|Here note the play}}
+
<section begin="91"/>Mark the play here&nbsp;-
  
−
Note, when you shall fight, if it then seems to you that your fighter wards too strong, then hold your sword in a guard, and step to him artfully, and note quite precisely when pulls his sword to himself and wants to stab or strike with the pommel. At the same time, follow after him quickly, and rush him with the point, and plant to him before he brings the stab or the hit. If he then becomes aware of the planting and moves wide in front with the sword and parries so that his point goes out next to you beside, then jerk through and stab him to the other side. If he wards that to the second time, then again jerk through, and do that as often as he parries, and jolt or rush quickly to him through with it at will. If you had not landed your hit on him correctly with the planting, then you may grapple with wrestling. Know, that is the art against all the fencers who parry long and wide, and fence to the sword and not to the openings of the body.<section end="91"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you shall fight strive to reach your fighter with strength&nbsp;/ So hold your sword in a guard&nbsp;/ and step artfully to him&nbsp;/ and mark well when he pulls his sword to himself&nbsp;/ and would stab&nbsp;/ or strike with the pommel, just then follow him soon after&nbsp;/ and rush him with the point and attack him as and when he moves to stab or strike&nbsp;/ if he becomes aware of the attack&nbsp;/ and drives far ahead with the sword&nbsp;/ and displaces so that your point goes out to the side near you&nbsp;/ Then disengage through&nbsp;/ and stab him to the other side&nbsp;/ if he defends himself a second time&nbsp;/ Then disengage through again&nbsp;/ and do this as often as he displaces&nbsp;/ and quickly pull or rush through to him with it&nbsp;/ as you can. If you can't hit him well with an attack&nbsp;/ Then you should resort to wrestling&nbsp;/ Know that this is the art against all fencers who displace&nbsp;/ long and far&nbsp;/ and fence to the sword&nbsp;/ and not to the body's openings<section end="91"/>
  
−
<section begin="92"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss, how you shall free yourself away from the sword when one has planted to you with it, and forces you with it}}
+
<section begin="92"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on how you should extract from the sword when one has engaged and forces you with it}}<br/><br/>
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 482: Line 482:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>26</small>
 
| <small>26</small>
−
| {{red|If he also grips on strong<br/>&emsp;The shooting defeats him}}
+
| {{red|If he grabs on strong <br/>in the shot face him on}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, this is when he has planted to you, and you against him. If he then wants to overpower you with strength, then grab his left hand with your left on his sword’s blade by the fingers, and hold them firmly with it, and stab with the right hand with the sword above through between his front placed hand and his sword, and press the pommel down, and set the point against his right side into his face, and break his left hand over your sword’s blade with your left hand.<section end="92"/>
+
Analysis: mark this is&nbsp;/ when he has engaged you&nbsp;/ and you to him&nbsp;/ if he will then force you over with strength&nbsp;/ Then grab his left hand by the fingers with your left on his sword's blade&nbsp;/ and hold it fast&nbsp;/ and with the right hand stab the sword up through his forward hand&nbsp;/ and his sword&nbsp;/ and push the pommel down&nbsp;/ and aim the point toward the right side&nbsp;/ of his face&nbsp;/ and with your left hand break his left hand on your sword's blade<section end="92"/>
  
 
<section begin="93"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
 
<section begin="93"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
  
−
Or, stab through with both hands above between the sword and his front placed hand, and press the pommel against the ground, and wind the point at his sword against his right side, and plant to him.<section end="93"/>
+
Or stab with both hands high through between his sword&nbsp;/ and his forward hand&nbsp;/ and push the pommel toward the ground&nbsp;/ and wind the point on his sword against his right side&nbsp;/ and attack him<section end="93"/>
  
−
<section begin="94"/>{{red|b=1|Again a solution}}
+
<section begin="94"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a release}}
  
−
When he has planted to you and forced, stab him below in the palm of the hand, by which he holds his sword in the middle. Or, if he has turned the hand around, then stab him in it down from above, and when the stab sticks, then in front of him to the circle with it.<section end="94"/>
+
When he has engaged you&nbsp;/ and forces&nbsp;/ Then stab down to the hollow of the hand holding his sword's middle&nbsp;/ Or if he has twisted his hand around then stab down to it from above&nbsp;/ and when the stab sticks&nbsp;/ Then go forward with it to the ring<section end="94"/>
  
 
<section begin="95"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
 
<section begin="95"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
  
−
Or, stab him outwards of the arm, by which he holds the sword in the middle, behind in the glove, and when the stab sticks, run forwards with the hand to the circle. You also win his side with it, and other great advantages.<section end="95"/>
+
Or stab his arm outward to the glove&nbsp;/ the one he holds the sword's middle with&nbsp;/ and when the stab sticks&nbsp;/ Then walk with the hand ahead to the ring&nbsp;/ thus you also win his side&nbsp;/ and other great advantage<section end="95"/>
  
 
<section begin="96"/><section end="96"/>
 
<section begin="96"/><section end="96"/>
  
−
<section begin="97"/>{{red|b=1|Again a solution}}
+
<section begin="97"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a release}}
  
−
Note, if he has planted to you to your left shoulder, and you against him at his, then step backwards with the left foot, and also turn your left side from him, so your point sticks, and his does not. Or, if he has planted to your right shoulder, and you again at his, then step backwards with the right foot, so your point sticks again, and his does not.<section end="97"/>
+
Mark if he attacks to your right shoulder&nbsp;/ and you against his&nbsp;/ Then step backward with the left foot&nbsp;/ and also twist your left side from him&nbsp;/ then raise your point&nbsp;/ and his misses&nbsp;/ Or if he has attacked your right shoulder&nbsp;/ and you also to his&nbsp;/ Then step backward with the right foot then raise your point&nbsp;/ and his misses<section end="97"/>
  
−
<section begin="98"/>{{red|b=1|Again a solution}}
+
<section begin="98"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a release}}
  
−
Note, when he has planted to your left shoulder and you again at his, jolt your pommel forward to your chest, and force forwards as such, so you have overpowered him.<section end="98"/>
+
Mark when he has attacked to your left shoulder&nbsp;/ and you also to his&nbsp;/ Then wrench your pommel forward onto your chest&nbsp;/ and force it thus ahead of you&nbsp;/ then you have over reached him<section end="98"/>
  
−
<section begin="99"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the parries against the hits with the pommel}}
+
<section begin="99"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the analysis on displacing against pommel strikes}}
  
 
<br/>
 
<br/>
Line 514: Line 514:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>27</small>
 
| <small>27</small>
−
| {{red|With his striking point<br/>&emsp;If he protects himself, hit without apprehension}}
+
| {{red|If he shoots with the striking point <br/>Meet without force}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>28</small>
 
| <small>28</small>
−
| {{red|With both hands<br/>&emsp;Learn to turn the point to the eyes}}
+
| {{red|Teach to twist the point <br/>with both hands to the eyes}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, the striking point, that is the pommel, if he wants to protect himself with it in front of you, and overrun you with big hits, you shall artfully parry them without any apprehension with the sword, and in the parry, always turn the point to the face with both hands, or shove and wrench with the pommel, as will be explained hereafter in the next plays.<section end="99"/>
+
Analysis: mark that the striking point is the pommel&nbsp;/ If he will shoot before you with it&nbsp;/ and will overrun you with large strikes then you should displace all force skillfully with the sword&nbsp;/ and in displacing always wind or thrust your point with both hands to his face&nbsp;/ and wrench with the pommel as will now be clarified in the next plays<section end="99"/>
  
−
<section begin="100"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first parry against the hit with the pommel}}<br/><br/>
+
<section begin="100"/>{{red|b=1|This is the first displacement against strikes with the pommel}}
  
−
Note, if one is strong, and he means well to strike you down with the pommel, then stand against him and hold your sword on top of your left knee in the guard. If he then strikes in with the pommel from his right shoulder above to the head, then sweep his strike away with the sword in front of your left hand from your left side against his right, and rise into the upper guard, and set the point into the face.<section end="100"/>
+
Mark if one is strong&nbsp;/ and means to strike you down with the pommel&nbsp;/ Then stand against&nbsp;/ him&nbsp;/ and hold your sword in the guard over your left knee&nbsp;/ If he strikes with the pommel then from his right shoulder above to your head&nbsp;/ Then strike his strike away with your sword ahead of your left hand from your left to his right&nbsp;/ and drive up into the high guard&nbsp;/ and attack his face with the point&nbsp;/<section end="100"/>
  
−
<section begin="101"/>Or, if he strikes in with the pommel from his left side above to the head, then sweep his strike away with the sword in front of your left hand from your right side against his left, and plant to him.<section end="101"/>
+
<section begin="101"/>Or if he strikes with the pommel from his left side high to your head&nbsp;/ Then strike his strike away with the sword in front of your left hand from your right side toward his left and attack him<section end="101"/>
  
−
<section begin="102"/>{{red|b=1|Again a parry}}
+
<section begin="102"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a displacement}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword over the left knee in the guard, if he is then not strong and strikes in with the pommel above, then step in artfully, and catch the strike between both of your hands in the middle of the sword’s blade, and rise into the upper guard and plant to him.<section end="102"/>
+
Mark when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee&nbsp;/ If he is does strong and strikes high with the pommel&nbsp;/ Then step skillfully to him&nbsp;/ and parry the strike in the middle of the sword's blade between your hands&nbsp;/ and drive up into the high guard and attack him&nbsp;/<section end="102"/>
  
−
<section begin="103"/>Or, move to him with the pommel to the top of his front placed hand, and jolt him to you and plant to him.<section end="103"/>
+
<section begin="103"/>Or drive the pommel over his forward hand&nbsp;/ and pull him to you and attack him<section end="103"/>
  
−
<section begin="104"/>{{red|b=1|Note, a parry and a sword taking}}
+
<section begin="104"/>{{red|b=1|Mark a displacement and a sword taking}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword over the left knee in the guard, if he is then not strong and strikes with the pommel to the head, then catch the strike in the middle of the blade, and move with the pommel outside over his sword nearing behind the hilt, and wrench downwards with it onto your right side, so you take his sword, and also plant to him.<section end="104"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee&nbsp;/ If he then is not strong&nbsp;/ and strikes with the pommel to your head&nbsp;/ then parry the strike in the middle of the blade&nbsp;/ and drive your pommel out over his sword behind the hilt&nbsp;/ and wrench it below to your right side&nbsp;/ Thus you take his sword&nbsp;/ and then attack him<section end="104"/>
  
−
<section begin="105"/>{{red|b=1|Note, again a parry and a sword taking}}
+
<section begin="105"/>{{red|b=1|Mark yet a displacement and a sword taking}}
  
−
When you have your sword over the left knee in the guard, if he then strikes with the pommel to your left knee, then turn your pommel to the ground and the point upwards, and catch the strike in the middle of your sword’s blade, and move through to him below with the pommel above to the top of his sword, nearing behind his hilt, and jolt upwards onto your right side, so you take his sword.<section end="105"/>
+
When you have your sword over your left knee in the guard&nbsp;/ If he then strikes to your left knee with the pommel&nbsp;/ Then twist your pommel toward the ground and your point upward&nbsp;/ and parry the strike in the middle of the sword's blade&nbsp;/ and with the pommel below drive through over his sword near his hilt and pull upward to your right side&nbsp;/ Thus you take his sword<section end="105"/>
  
−
<section begin="106"/>{{red|b=1|Again a parry}}
+
<section begin="106"/>{{red|b=1|Yet a displacement}}
  
−
Note, when you have your sword over the left knee, or stand otherwise in another guard, if he then strikes with the pommel below to the ankle of your left foot, then hold your sword firmly in the left hand, and throw it with the pommel out of the right hand against his hit into the ground onto your left side, and jump to him with it, and wait for the arm break or otherwise other wrestles.<section end="106"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee or else stand in another guard&nbsp;/ If he strikes with his pommel below to the bones of your left foot&nbsp;/ Then hold your sword fast in your left hand&nbsp;/ and throw the pommel from the right hand against his strike to the ground on his left side&nbsp;/ and spring with it to him&nbsp;/ and resort to the arm break or other wrestling<section end="106"/>
  
 
<section begin="107"/><section end="107"/>
 
<section begin="107"/><section end="107"/>
  
−
<section begin="108"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss, how one shall strike with the pommel}}
+
<section begin="108"/>{{red|b=1|This is the text and analysis on how one shall strike with the pommel}}
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>29</small>
 
| <small>29</small>
−
| {{red|The front foot<br/>&emsp;You must guard with hits}}
+
| {{red|You must guard the forward foot <br/>with the strike}}
 
|}
 
|}
−
Gloss: Note, the striking point, that is the sword’s pommel, you shall strike with it to his front placed limbs. You shall quite precisely aim for them, so that you correctly land a hit with it, and you shall bring the hits to scales as such:<section end="108"/>
+
Analysis&nbsp;/ mark the striking point is the sword's pommel which you strike to his forward limbs&nbsp;/ this you should plan well&nbsp;/ that you hit properly with it&nbsp;/ and you should bring the strike on thus: <section end="108"/>
  
−
<section begin="109"/>Hold your sword in the upper guard over the head, and do as if you want to stab or plant into the face from it. With it, let go of the sword with the right hand and come with it to help the left hand in the middle of the blade, and strike him with the pommel to the knee of his front placed foot, or to his front placed hand, with which he holds the sword in the middle. You may also strike with it to the head or to the elbow or to the shoulder, when it is even to you.<section end="109"/>
+
<section begin="109"/>hold your sword in the high guard over your head&nbsp;/ and act as if you would stab or attack to his face with it, drive your sword with the right hand&nbsp;/ and bring your left hand in the middle of the blade to help&nbsp;/ and strike with the pommel to the knuckles of his forward hand with which he is holding the sword&nbsp;/ You can also strike with it to the head or elbows or to the shoulders&nbsp;/ when it suits you<section end="109"/>
  
−
<section begin="110"/>{{red|b=1|Here note the work with the dagger in combat}}
+
<section begin="110"/>{{red|b=1|Mark here the work with the dagger in combat}}
  
−
Now you shall know that the greatest part of all combat fencing in armor comes to the last to the dagger fencing, and to the wrestling. Therefore note, when you run in with him, otherwise don’t wait when wrestling, and let your dagger stick in the scabbard, because you may not hurt him with it through the armor while he stands in front of you, and hinders you in the hand, because you shall grasp him with wrestling, or when you have thrown him, and have been powerful, then first work with the dagger to the openings of the armor which will be explained to you next, and are to be explained.<section end="110"/>
+
Now you should know that almost all parts of combat fencing in harness come at last to dagger fencing&nbsp;/ and to the&nbsp;/ wrestling&nbsp;/ Onward then mark&nbsp;/ when you advance to him&nbsp;/ do not wait when he wrestles but let your dagger stab to injure&nbsp;/ if you don't want him to injure you through the harness while he stands before you&nbsp;/ and your hand is behind you&nbsp;/ when you trap him with wrestling or when you have thrown him&nbsp;/ and at first he is powerful, then work with the dagger to the openings as will be clarified to you next&nbsp;/ and are clarified now<section end="110"/>
  
 
<section begin="111"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
 
<section begin="111"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
  
−
Note, when you come to wrestle with him, if you then throw him on the back, then fall to him with the body on top of his face, and grasp him by the neck under an arm, thus he is pinned, and may additionally not well come up with whichever hand he then grips to you, then stab him after to the opening of the palm, or stab him under the armpit. Or, work with the dagger below to the business, and to all joints where it seems that you may win the best.<section end="111"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ when you come to him to&nbsp;/ Wrestle, if you throw him on his back&nbsp;/ Then fall on him with your body over his face&nbsp;/ and trap his neck under an arm&nbsp;/ Then he is pinned&nbsp;/ and cannot come up well with whichever hand he grasps to you so stab him to the opening of the palm or stab him under the armpit&nbsp;/ Or work the dagger below to the plates&nbsp;/ and to all joints where you can best touch him to win<section end="111"/>
  
 
<section begin="112"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
 
<section begin="112"/>{{red|b=1|Another}}
  
−
Note, if you throw him onto the belly with wrestling, then quickly sit on him and grab his right hand with your right hand, and pull it behind on his back, and hold it firmly with the left hand, and with the right, stab him into the same hand to the opening of the palm, or to the opening under the armpit. Or, when he falls, you may grip him by a foot, then stab him with the dagger below into the sole of the same foot.<section end="112"/>
+
Mark&nbsp;/ if you wrestle to throw him on his belly&nbsp;/ Then soon sit on him and with your right hand grab his right&nbsp;/ and pull it behind onto his back&nbsp;/ and hold it fast with your left hand&nbsp;/ and with the right stab him in the opening of the palm or under the armpit&nbsp;/ Or when he falls you can grab him by one foot&nbsp;/ Then stab him with the dagger below to the sole of that foot<section end="112"/>
  
−
<section begin="113"/>''Finish''<section end="113"/>
+
<section begin="113"/><section end="113"/>

Latest revision as of 04:59, 3 November 2022

All raise yourself here to the analysis and interpretation of the verses on the art of combat fencing

Those composed and devised by Johannes Liechtenawer, who was the one high master of the art and well respected / and so that princes / and gentlemen / Knights and squires hear the art so that they then learn / and shall know / Thus the art has been allowed to be written with concealed / and considered words / This is so that not every man who hears it shall even understand it / and if this is done through an irresponsible fightmaster's will / then your art will be lessened because of it, similarly your art shall then not be open but vulgar, so direct the art that it not become widely heard / as in hear the art and conceal the same / and consider the words on combat fencing that stand after here / and then are clarified / In the comments / and laid out so that any man can retain well / and will understand if he knows other fencing.

Here you come to the foreword /

Young / Knight learn /
to have God's love and women / honour /
Thus grow your honour /
upon Knightlyhood / and learning /
Art you must sieze /
and honour courtesy in war /
Wrestle well trap /
Lance spear sword / and messer /
wield skillfully /
and in other hands / ruin /
strike in / and hard there /
Rush him stepping or in driving /
That the wisdom /
that one keeps sees praise /
Thereon you retain /
and have all the length and breadth of the art.

This is the text and the analysis of a general lesson in combat


1 He who dismounts
begins fencing on foot

Analysis / Mark this is a lesson / one can fence in harness on foot / and on horse / And this is as you should both realise and also well know / and when it happens that you shall strike or fence with one on horse / and it appears to you that he will injure or overpower you / Then dismount onto your feet / and fight him with the art described as follows.

This is the text and the analysis of two stances.

2 He places his spear
two stances to wield weapons right

Analysis / mark that when you step off of the horse / Then at first you should keep to hand two stances / The first stance is how you shall fight with the lance / The second is / how you shall resort to the sword / Also you shall know two particular stances with the lance. The first stance is taken to oppose him who stays on his horse / The second stance is taken to oppose him if he also dismounts against the two stances / You should rightly know the plays to then deploy that which will be clarified next.

This is the first play

Mark now the first play, place yourself thus / when you have dismounted from the horse / and he will not dismount / Then stand with the left foot forward / and stand your lance on the ground to your right side / and hold the point toward him to whichever side he rides to you / always orient yourself toward him on that same side / and with your lance deflect his off and thus attack him

Yet one play

When you are dismounted from the horse (and on) foot, if he then stays on his horse / Then stand with your left foot forward and hold your lance in the middle with both hands out in front of you / so that your forward end is longer than your butt end / If he rides to you with the lance / then strike close with the forward part of your lance onto the right side of his / and attack him thus with a step out to one side

Yet one play

Mark / when you are dismounted and on foot, if he then stays on his horse / Then hold your lance near your right side in the low guard with the point toward him / If he then rides to you with his lance aimed at your left side / then set it aside with your lance also to your left side / and spring to your right side / and attack him

Yet another play

Mark / when you are dismounted and on foot / If he then rides to you with the sword / Then stab to his openings with the lance / and wait to see if you can hit him / and do this with springing out to one side.

Yet another play

Mark / when you are dismounted / If he then stays on the horse / and rides to you with the sword / Then hold the lance at the farthest length out in front of you with the point to the ground and / when he rides to you / Then drive the lance between his horse's front legs / and spring to the side / and try to see if you can thus throw the horse over

This is the text and the gloss of the second stance, when you both have dismounted on foot with the lance against the lance in combat

3 Spear and point
then before stabs, stab without force

Analysis / mark that this is the second stance / when he too has dismounted / and wields his lance / and you yours / Then place yourself thus against him standing with the left foot forward / and hold your lance near your right side in the low guard / and always wait so that you can stab him / when he stab you / Or hold your lance with the right hand over / your head to the shot / and then step to him / and wait so that you shoot when he stabs / and follow soon after the shot with the sword against the lance, thus the second play will now be clarified to you -

This is the text and the analysis of engaging and disengaging in fighting with the lance

4 Spring wind attack him
onward disengage to face him on

Analysis: mark that this is another / when both of you have dismounted onto your feet / and each has his lance / and you will not shoot / as described above / Then hold your lance near your right side in the low guard / and thus approach him / and stab him skillfully with extended arms to the face / If he then stabs at the same time as you / Then drive your lance onto his in the high hanging / and spring with it to him / and attack him high / If he drives up then with the arms / and wards the high stab / Then disengage / and with your point attack the opening under his left shoulder / or elsewhere as you can / and force him ahead of you

This is the text and analysis from a lesson on how one shall disengage

5 If you will stab ahead
with disengaging break the defense

Analysis / mark this is / when you will stab ahead to him as and when he comes ahead to you or otherwise with the stab / if he then displaces the stab / then you should / know just then how you should change through or disengage so that he will not attack you while you are disengaging through / and this / undertake thus / if he displaces the stab strongly with the lance / and lets the point go aside near you / then soon disengage and stab him on the other side / Or if he stays in the displacement with the point in front of your face / then don't disengage through but stay with your lance on the side / and work to the opening / after you have found whether he has bound light or hard

This is the text and analysis on how one shall counter disengages

6 Mark if he will pull back
from injury and will fly
7 Then you should close
to wisely deploy blocks

Mark analysis / That is / If he comes forward with a stab so that you must displace then displace so that your point does not go too far aside from him / outward / But stay close to him / in front of the face or chest, if he then disengages or changes through then don't displace him / but follow after him with the point / and meanwhile attack him as he disengages through / step to his right then with the attack / then force him thus ahead / and let him not come off of the point / if he would then fly from the point with backward steps or jumps / or will thus twist out of the stab / and twists to you on one side / Then spring to him / and see that you do so wisely / and rightly grapple with arm breaking or with other wrestling -

This is the text and analysis on wrestling in combat

8 If you would wrestle
legs back rightly teach springing
9 trap before shooting
That you shoot front leg artfully

Analysis / mark / that is if you would wrestle / Then before all other things you should know how you / rightly / should spring to him behind his forward foot / and you should first trap the same foot with art / and locking it will now be clarified to you.

This is one wrestling

Mark when you approach him with wrestling / and he also to you / Then see whether he has set one foot forward or has neither forward / Then pull him to you or thrust him from you so he must step / if he then steps forward with the left foot then spring soon with the right foot behind his left / and thrust your right / knee cap / and hit into his left knee hollow with it / and with both hands pull him over

Another wrestling

When you spring to him with the right foot behind his left / then stride with your left foot to him between both his feet / and trap his left knee between both your knees / and thus hold it fast / and thrust with the left hand ahead to his head / and with the right pull him behind and to the side / so that he falls

Another Wrestling

Mark when you grapple him with wrestling / and he also you / if he stands with the left foot forward / then spring with the right foot forward in front of both his feet / and drive with the right arm under his left through behind him around his body / and trap him on your right hip / and throw him in front of you / Or if he stands with the right foot forward / Then spring with the left foot in front of both his feet / and drive the left arm behind around his body / and throw him forward over your left hip

This is the text and analysis so that one shall know how to deploy all wrestlings to both sides

10 From both hands
if you would conclude well with art

Analysis / mark / that is when you would artfully end the wrestling / Then you should deploy the wrestling from both sides / and undertake this thus / when he springs with the right foot behind his left / stand as written before, if he steps then in the springing or while you are springing backward with the left foot / then stride soon after to him with the left foot behind his right / and drive to trap / and then you have undertaken to lock him

This is the text and analysis of the plays where one shall strive with the sword against the lance

11 If you've been reversed
the sword against spear will go seek
12 The weapon will take the stab
Spring to wrestle reach to him

Analysis mark that is when you have shot your lance / and he still holds his / Then take the weapon you have reserved / if he puts the point before you long or short letting the hand go forward / and if he will stab to you high or low,

then mark the plays here…

When you have a sword / and he has a lance and holds it short / and stands with it in the high guard / Then stand in the guard with your sword over your left knee / if he stabs one high to your face / Then drive out / and with the sword displace the stab on your left hand side against his right side / and drive it onto his lance in the high guard / and spring to him / and attack him / if you don't hit right with the attack / then let your sword drop from your hand / and reach to him / and resort to wrestling

Yet one play

When you have a sword / and he a lance / If he stands then with it toward you in the low guard / and holds his lance short / Then stand with your sword also toward him in the low guard / If he stabs then low to you, then set the stab aside with the sword and your left hand ahead / and drive the pommel forward over his right shoulder around his neck / and spring with the right foot behind his left / and pull him over your right knee with the pommel

This is the text and analysis on displacing with the left hand against the lance


13 Hit long from left hand
Spring wisely and then see
14 If he will seek away
from injury and hit
15 so that his openings
are harassed by the sword's pointt

Analysis mark that is / when you have a sword / and he a lance / if he stands with it toward you in the high guard / and has held it such that the point goes out long ahead of his forward hand / Then hold your sword toward him also in a guard / if he stabs then high to your face then strike his lance aside with the left hand / and soon after grip your sword with the left hand in the middle of the blade / and spring to him / and attack him

A second play

Mark that when you have a sword / and he lets the point of his lance go out long in front of his hands / and stabs low to you / then grab the lance with your left hand / and hold it fast / and with the sword stab low to his genitals, if he then pulls the lance back hard to himself / then let it drive clear / Thus he opens his side so hold the sword with the left hand again in the blade's middle / and follow after him with an attack to the same side, or resort to wrestling

This is the text and analysis on how you seek the openings on an armoured man


16 Leather and gloves
under the eyes seek the openings rightly

Analysis - Mark that where the armoured man is best overcome is through the harness / that is under the face or under the shoulders / Or in the hollow of the hand or on the arms behind the gloves or in the knee hollows or below to the soles of the feet / and in the joints of the arm / and between the legs / and in the knowledge that his harness has joints / you should thus seek the openings so that onward you need not work but stab / when you next have one before you

This is the text and analysis of the forbidden wrestlings what they are and how one shall deploy them


17 Bring the forbidden wrestlings
to the lesson wisely,
18 to lock find
the strength to wend over with

Analysis mark that is / If you can't come to attack when you approach one to the openings just described / Then see that you bring the wrestling to task wisely / and deploy that which is forbidden by all wise masters of the sword / that which school fencers often are not allowed to learn or even see, onward these are known in the fight as the arm break and leg break / and knee thrust and testes thrust / and finger wrench and eye gouge / and with these plays one shall be a stronger grappler in that he will not need to fully leverage his strength / and mark this in the wrestling described as follows

The first Wrestling

Mark if he falls to you with strength from above / and will pull you to him / or thrust from himself / Then strike your right arm out over his hand in front of his left and punch your arms on his chest with both hands / and spring behind his left foot with your right / and throw him off his feet over the knee

This is an arm break

Mark if he falls to you with both hands on your arms and you (hold) onto his / if he does not then hold you fast / Then with the right hand grip his right arm by the hand or by the fingers / and thus hold him fast and with the left trap him by the right elbow / and then thrust him over himself / and with the right hand shove his right arm over your left / and with the left arm raise his right over yourself / Thus you break his arm or throw him ahead of yourself

A wrestling and an arm break

Mark if he falls to you with both hands on the arms or into the chest / if he does not then hold you fast / Then grasp his right hand with your right / and keep him thus before you / and with the left trap him by the elbow / and step with the left foot in front of his right / and pull him thus over so he falls / Or / when you hold him before you with the right arm / then fall out strongly with the chest / thus you break his arm

Yet a wrestling

Mark when he falls unto you with wrestling / Then grasp the front of his right arm by the hand with your left hand / and pull him to yourself on the left side and strike your left arm with strength over his right in the joint of his elbow / and with your left hand break his right arm over your right / and spring with the right foot behind his right / and throw him over your right hip

This is yet a wrestling

Mark when you wrestle with him / and come with your body near to him / if he drives then with the left arm over your right shoulder around the neck / Then drive out with the right arm over his left and over the the joint of his elbow / and bring the left hand to help the right / and punch with both hands downward / and spring with the right foot in front of his left / and twist yourself from him on your left side / and throw him over your left hip

Yet a wrestling

Mark if he falls with both hands to your arms / and you to him / if he strikes with his left arm to your right / and drives with the left arm to you under your right through behind around your body / then strike with the right arm strongly from above down outward to him / in the joint of his left elbow / and step with the right foot in front of his left / and twist yourself from him / and sling him to the left side

A wrestling and a murder thrust

Mark / when you have gripped him by the arms / and he then has set a foot forward / and stands it straight / Then thrust one foot to his same knee / Or kick to his testes / and wait to see that he does not grab the same foot with which you kicked / Or when you set one foot forward / then budge the knee ahead of you / Thus he will not want to injure the knee with the kick

Yet a wrestling

Mark / when you will grab him with wrestling and he then grabs you to wrestle with extended fingers or an open hand / and does not hold you fast / Then see if you can grasp between both his fingers / and then break them upward / and wrench them before him in a ring so that you force him to the side / and thus to great advantage

This is an arm break

Mark if you throw him down / and he falls onto his belly / and pull his arm from him / then soon knock him with your knee on the joint of his arm / and hold the same arm forward with your hand / and pull it up upward / Thus you break his arm

A hold down and an arm break

Mark if you throw him down / and he falls onto his belly / Then soon sit on his back / and grip him by an arm and wrench it onto his back / and hold it fast with one hand / Thus he can not come to get up / Or if you would break the arm that you are holding with the one hand / then with the other hand raise that arm's elbow well upward / thus you break his arm

A good hold down

Mark / if you throw him down / and he falls onto his belly / Then sit down on his back near his shoulders / and wrench his right arm over your right leg over your thigh / and wrench his left arm over your left thigh / Thus he can not come up / and so must die under you

Yet a hold down

Mark if you throw him down / and he falls on his back / then let your body fall with the midsection over his face / and trap his neck under one arm / and thus hold him fast / and pull his arm out with the other hand / the one with which he wants to help himself / So he won't come out / and work with the dagger

This is the text and analysis on how to resort to the weapon and how one shall work with the points to the openings


19 With all weapons
turn the point to the openings

Analysis: mark this is a lesson that with all weapons you resort to in combat against an armoured man you attack with the point / when you would best win the openings / and you should know to seek the openings rightly with the point / and there are four points with three weapons / the first weapon / is the lance and it has one point / the second weapon is the dagger which also has one point / and third is the sword which has two points / one point is the tip / the other is the pommel / and all about how you work with the points you will find described from end to end in the lessons

Here mark well that this is the text and analysis on how one fights in combat with the sword from four guards


20 Where one in defense draws
the sword visibly to him
21 That one shall strongly
defend right mark well

Analysis: mark / this is a lesson where both have shot the lance / and shall fence with the swords / Then before all else you shall know the four guards with the shortened sword / from which you shall always stab strongly to the face / If he stabs then at the same time as you or displaces / Then stay strong on his sword with the point in front of his face or his chest / and mark if he is weak or strong at the sword / if he is strong then deploy the play against strength or if he is weak / then deploy instead what you have learned for weakness, as taught in the plays one deploys from the four guards, which will be clarified as follows

Mark here the first guard with the shortened sword in combat with its plays and your placement

Mark this is the first guard for combat / and place yourself in it thus / Stand with the left foot forward / and hold your sword with the right hand on the grip / and with the left hand in the middle of the blade / and hold it near your right side over your head / and let the point hang toward his face

Mark the first play

When you stand in the high guard / if he stands against you in the low guard / and will stab low to you, you should not defend or displace but stab to his face / Or attack him high so that he can't reach you below / as all high attacks counter / and defeat the low ones / Or if he stabs you high / be it to the face or elsewhere, you shall defend from this / so that he does not outreach you with the attack

Yet one play

Mark / when you stand in the high guard and he stabs low to you / Then stab from above down between his sword / and his forward hand / and push the pommel to the ground / and wind your point on his sword's blade through below his sword / and attack him to his right side

Yet one play

Mark when you stand in the high guard / Then stab him cunningly to the face / if he displaces with the sword in front of your left hand / and stays with the point at your face and would attack you / then with the left hand grab his sword by the point / and hold it fast, and with the right hand stab with force to his testes,

if he pulls his sword / strongly back to himself and will wrench it out of your hand / then suddenly let the sword go back / As he thus opens a side, with the left hand grip the middle of the sword's blade again  / and follow after him to the same side with an attack or wrestling

This is yet one play

Mark when you stand in the high guard then stab out to his face / If he displaces the stab and punches your point to your left side / then spring with the right foot behind his left / then drive the pommel ahead over his right shoulder around his neck / and pull him over your right knee with it

The first counter against the play

When he drives the pommel around your neck over your right shoulder / Then let your sword drop and grasp his right hand with your right / and with the left hand trap him by his right elbow / and spring with the left foot to his right / and deploy the arm breaking / or pull him over the left leg

A counter against the break

Mark when he would drive the pommel around your neck / Then grasp his right elbow with your left hand / and with it thrust him from yourself and with the right hand stab behind him to the back

Mark a good counter

Mark when he has driven the pommel over your right shoulder and around your neck / Then grasp up from below with your left hand between both his arms / and grab his right arm with it and hold fast / and twist yourself from him around to your right side / and throw him over your left hip

Yet a counter

When he would drive the pommel around your neck / Then grasp with the left hand behind his right by the handle of his sword or by the pommel / and push it downward and with your sword attack him where you will /

Or drive your pommel through under his right arm forward over his right hand / and pull his hand upward with the pommel / and attack him

Yet a play from the high guard

Mark / when you stab to his face from the high guard / If he drops his left hand between both your hands to the middle of your sword's blade / Then drive him with the pommel / as you will below the (crossed) or above over his left hand / and wrench with it to your right side / and attack him.


Mark / How to strike from the high guard is described in the plays found above / There it says / You must guard the forward foot in striking.

Mark here this is the second guard with the shortened sword with its plays and its placement in the fight

This is the second guard in the fight and you place yourself in it thus / Stand with the left foot forward / and hold your sword with your right hand on the handle / and with the left grip the middle of the blade / and hold it near your right side downward with the pommel against your right knee / so that the point stands up toward the man's face / or chest

This is the first play

When you stand in the low guard / If he stands against you in the high guard / and stabs to your face / or will attack you high / Then stab to his forward hand to the opening of the gauntlet / Or set the point under his left shoulder in the opening

The second play

Mark / when you stand in the low guard / and he will attack you high from the high guard / Then with the left hand grasp his sword by the point / and with the right twist your sword up with the hilt on your chest / and thus attack him

The third play

Mark when you stand in the low guard / Then stab him freely to the face / If he then stabs at the same time as you then grasp his left hand with your left / and with the right trap him by the left elbow / and try the arm break

Counter it thus

When one grabs your left hand with his left / Then drive the forward part of your sword ahead over his left hand / and push below with it / and attack him / Or / when you push his hand down with the sword / Then drive the pommel over his right shoulder / and throw him over your right knee

Counter it thus

When he drives the pommel over your right shoulder and around your neck / Then twist yourself against him on your right side / and drive outward with the pommel over his right leg into the knee hollow / and raise it up with it / Then throw him behind you

The fourth play

Mark when you stand in the low guard / and he in the high / if he would then attack high / Then stab through over his forward hand / and his sword / and push the pommel toward the ground / and attack to his right side

The fifth play is the counter against the stab through

Mark you stab to him from the low guard / If he stabs to you from the high guard / through between your forward hand / and the sword / and pushes the pommel toward the ground / and would attack you, then mark while he pushes the pommel down / Then drive out on the sword in the high guard and attack him

This is the sixth play

Mark when you stand in the low guard / Then freely stab out strongly to his face / If he stabs at the same time as you / and stops you with the point before your face / and will attack you / Then drive out on the sword in the high guard / and attack him to the face / if he then also drives out with the left arm / and would displace you / Then disengage / and set your point under his left shoulder / and force him ahead

The seventh play

Mark / when you stand in the low guard / Then stab out strongly to him / Inward to his face / If he displaces then disengage through / and stab him outward to the face / if he displaces again / and punches your point to your left side / Then step to him and thrust the hilt under his left shoulder / and drive the forward part through between his legs and with the sword lift his left leg hard upward by the knee hollow with your left hand / and with your right above thrust forward hard with the hilt / so he falls

Thus counter the play

Mark when he drives the sword's forward part ahead between your legs to your left knee hollow / and so lifts it up / Then grasp his right elbow with your left hand / and thrust him thus from yourself

This is another play

When you have grabbed his right elbow with your left hand / Then with your right hand grasp his right forearm near the hand / and deploy the arm break / and throw him before yourself

The eighth play

Stab him from the low guard outward to his face / if he displaces the stab with strength / Then drive outward with the pommel to his left knee hollow / and pull the pommel to yourself / and stand your right side up strongly on him / so he falls.

Counter the play thus

When one has driven the pommel out over your left leg into the knee hollow / Then grab his left hand with your left / and his left elbow with your right hand / and deploy the arm break / and throw him before yourself

The ninth play

Mark / when you stab to his face from the low guard / if he then drives with the pommel through below your sword / and will set it aside or wrench, then stay with the point strongly in front of him / and push his right hand down with the sword while he drives through and attack him

The tenth play

Mark / when you stab him from the / low guard strongly to his face / If he drops to you with his inverted left hand forward on the sword / Then wind the sword with the point out over his left hand in the high guard / and attack him

The 11th play is a sword taking

Mark / when you stab strongly to his face from the low guard / if he stabs then at the same time as you / Then grab the middle of his sword with an inverted left hand / and hold both fast / and drive the pommel through under his sword / and pull it over yourself on the right side / Then you take his sword.

Counter it thus:

When one grabs the middle of your sword with his left hand / and would wrench out below with his pommel / Then mark while he is trapping your sword with his left hand / Then drive up to the high guard / and attack him

The 12th play

Mark when you stand in the / low guard / Then stab out strongly below to his crotch / if he then drops his left hand onto your sword / and you also onto his / Then throw his sword outward with your left hand / and once again grasp your blade's middle with it / and wind the point out over his left hand in the high guard / and attack him

The 13th play

Mark / when you stab to him from the low guard / if he drops his left hand to your sword / and you also onto his / Then throw your sword with the pommel ahead of the feet / and grasp his left hand with your left / and with the right grab his left elbow / and deploy the arm breaker /

Or when you have thrown your sword before the feet / Then thrust your left hand ahead on the chest and with the right hand grasp his left knee hollow and pull him thus to yourself / and thrust with the left hand upward so he falls.

You should also know / that you can also strike with the pommel from the low guard / just like the high guard / when it suits you -

Mark here the third guard with the shortened sword with its plays and placement in the fight

Mark the third guard in combat, place yourself thus: / Stand with the left foot forward / and hold your sword with the right hand on the hand grip / and with the left hold the middle of the blade / and hold it across over your left knee in the guard that counters his plays with displacement

The first play

Mark when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard / If he then stabs to your face from the high guard / Then set the stab aside on the sword ahead of your left hand toward his right side / and drive up to the high guard / and attack him /


Or displace the stab on the blade between your hands / and drive the pommel over his forward hand / and pull it downward and attack him

Yet a play

Mark / when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard / If he then stabs to your face / Then drive the pommel through below his sword / and with it set the stab aside ahead of his left hand / and attack him

Yet a play

Mark / when you have your sword over your left knee in the guard / If he then stabs to your face / Then drive the pommel down over his sword behind his forward hand / and with it pull his hand downward / and attack him /

Or

if he is too strong and you cannot pull his hand from the sword / Then wind the pommel up outward from below over his left hand / and thrust him from yourself and thus attack him -

You should also know / that you should not displace strikes with the pommel / that come from the guard over the left knee / You will find this described after here in the plays / that will address / his strikes with your point

Mark here the fourth guard with the shortened sword with its plays and placements in the fight

Mark the fourth guard in combat, place yourself thus: hold your sword with the right hand by the hand grip / and with the left grasp the middle of the blade / and hold it under your right shoulder / and set your hilt forward fast on your chest / and hold the point toward the man

Mark a good lesson

Mark that you come into the fourth guard from all other guards through attacking / Place it thus / when you stab to him from a guard / and it strikes him rightly so that your point is in his harness / then just as soon wind your hilt onto your chest / and force him forward from yourself / and let him not come off the point / thus he can not strike or stab again -

This is yet a lesson

Mark / all who would strike to attack the face / or the throat / or his left shoulder / or under his left shoulder / and when you have attacked / then mark if he is taller than you / Then force him thus before yourself / and wait for his point to go out above you / and he can be fully attacked with wrestling /

or if he is shorter / than you then let your sword sink with your hand down till it's on your right hip / and your point stands above / fully set into his harness / and force him thus forward from yourself -

This is the text and analysis on two things which are named the before and the after


22 Before and after the two things
teach testing wisely with springing away

Analysis / mark that the first principle you should know before all others is the before / and the after / that from these two things come all arts in combat / and mark that the before is that you should always come before he does / Be it with the stab or with the strike so he must displace / and as soon as he binds with displacement / or otherwise on your sword / Then skillfully deploy / your play just then / After you judge if he is weak or hard on your sword / Thus he can come to no counter.

Mark here that which is called the after

The after is to counter against all plays the man deploys to you / Undertake it thus / when he comes before you with a stab / or strike so that you must displace him / Then mark as soon as the sword connects with his in displacement / Then seek / just then for the next opening with the point / or wait to wrestle / Thus with the displacement you win his before with your after

Mark here how a man should withdraw in the fight

Know that in the fight there is nothing more than one step back / and one step ahead / and otherwise standing fast / Onward so that one shall not become tired in the harness / undertake it thus / when he has over reached you with the sword / or otherwise so that you can't come to displace / Then step soon backward with the forward foot / and wait just then so that you soon can attack again / or grapple with wrestling with a step forward of the same foot / Then you become before through withdrawing

This is the text and analysis on following after in the fight


23 Follow all hits
with strength if you will weaken him
24 If he guards then disengage
stab as he goes backward

Analysis / mark if you will strongly overtake or touch when you fence far / and long / and would reach and wind over him with strength / and with proper art not be stopped / you should rush him with following after / and with disengages through / as will be clarified to you in the next play.

Mark the play here -

Mark / when you shall fight strive to reach your fighter with strength / So hold your sword in a guard / and step artfully to him / and mark well when he pulls his sword to himself / and would stab / or strike with the pommel, just then follow him soon after / and rush him with the point and attack him as and when he moves to stab or strike / if he becomes aware of the attack / and drives far ahead with the sword / and displaces so that your point goes out to the side near you / Then disengage through / and stab him to the other side / if he defends himself a second time / Then disengage through again / and do this as often as he displaces / and quickly pull or rush through to him with it / as you can. If you can't hit him well with an attack / Then you should resort to wrestling / Know that this is the art against all fencers who displace / long and far / and fence to the sword / and not to the body's openings

This is the text and analysis on how you should extract from the sword when one has engaged and forces you with it


26 If he grabs on strong
in the shot face him on

Analysis: mark this is / when he has engaged you / and you to him / if he will then force you over with strength / Then grab his left hand by the fingers with your left on his sword's blade / and hold it fast / and with the right hand stab the sword up through his forward hand / and his sword / and push the pommel down / and aim the point toward the right side / of his face / and with your left hand break his left hand on your sword's blade

Another

Or stab with both hands high through between his sword / and his forward hand / and push the pommel toward the ground / and wind the point on his sword against his right side / and attack him

Yet a release

When he has engaged you / and forces / Then stab down to the hollow of the hand holding his sword's middle / Or if he has twisted his hand around then stab down to it from above / and when the stab sticks / Then go forward with it to the ring

Another

Or stab his arm outward to the glove / the one he holds the sword's middle with / and when the stab sticks / Then walk with the hand ahead to the ring / thus you also win his side / and other great advantage

Yet a release

Mark if he attacks to your right shoulder / and you against his / Then step backward with the left foot / and also twist your left side from him / then raise your point / and his misses / Or if he has attacked your right shoulder / and you also to his / Then step backward with the right foot then raise your point / and his misses

Yet a release

Mark when he has attacked to your left shoulder / and you also to his / Then wrench your pommel forward onto your chest / and force it thus ahead of you / then you have over reached him

This is the text and the analysis on displacing against pommel strikes


27 If he shoots with the striking point
Meet without force
28 Teach to twist the point
with both hands to the eyes

Analysis: mark that the striking point is the pommel / If he will shoot before you with it / and will overrun you with large strikes then you should displace all force skillfully with the sword / and in displacing always wind or thrust your point with both hands to his face / and wrench with the pommel as will now be clarified in the next plays

This is the first displacement against strikes with the pommel

Mark if one is strong / and means to strike you down with the pommel / Then stand against / him / and hold your sword in the guard over your left knee / If he strikes with the pommel then from his right shoulder above to your head / Then strike his strike away with your sword ahead of your left hand from your left to his right / and drive up into the high guard / and attack his face with the point /

Or if he strikes with the pommel from his left side high to your head / Then strike his strike away with the sword in front of your left hand from your right side toward his left and attack him

Yet a displacement

Mark when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee / If he is does strong and strikes high with the pommel / Then step skillfully to him / and parry the strike in the middle of the sword's blade between your hands / and drive up into the high guard and attack him /

Or drive the pommel over his forward hand / and pull him to you and attack him

Mark a displacement and a sword taking

Mark / when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee / If he then is not strong / and strikes with the pommel to your head / then parry the strike in the middle of the blade / and drive your pommel out over his sword behind the hilt / and wrench it below to your right side / Thus you take his sword / and then attack him

Mark yet a displacement and a sword taking

When you have your sword over your left knee in the guard / If he then strikes to your left knee with the pommel / Then twist your pommel toward the ground and your point upward / and parry the strike in the middle of the sword's blade / and with the pommel below drive through over his sword near his hilt and pull upward to your right side / Thus you take his sword

Yet a displacement

Mark / when you have your sword in the guard over your left knee or else stand in another guard / If he strikes with his pommel below to the bones of your left foot / Then hold your sword fast in your left hand / and throw the pommel from the right hand against his strike to the ground on his left side / and spring with it to him / and resort to the arm break or other wrestling

This is the text and analysis on how one shall strike with the pommel

29 You must guard the forward foot
with the strike

Analysis / mark the striking point is the sword's pommel which you strike to his forward limbs / this you should plan well / that you hit properly with it / and you should bring the strike on thus:

hold your sword in the high guard over your head / and act as if you would stab or attack to his face with it, drive your sword with the right hand / and bring your left hand in the middle of the blade to help / and strike with the pommel to the knuckles of his forward hand with which he is holding the sword / You can also strike with it to the head or elbows or to the shoulders / when it suits you

Mark here the work with the dagger in combat

Now you should know that almost all parts of combat fencing in harness come at last to dagger fencing / and to the / wrestling / Onward then mark / when you advance to him / do not wait when he wrestles but let your dagger stab to injure / if you don't want him to injure you through the harness while he stands before you / and your hand is behind you / when you trap him with wrestling or when you have thrown him / and at first he is powerful, then work with the dagger to the openings as will be clarified to you next / and are clarified now

Another

Mark / when you come to him to / Wrestle, if you throw him on his back / Then fall on him with your body over his face / and trap his neck under an arm / Then he is pinned / and cannot come up well with whichever hand he grasps to you so stab him to the opening of the palm or stab him under the armpit / Or work the dagger below to the plates / and to all joints where you can best touch him to win

Another

Mark / if you wrestle to throw him on his belly / Then soon sit on him and with your right hand grab his right / and pull it behind onto his back / and hold it fast with your left hand / and with the right stab him in the opening of the palm or under the armpit / Or when he falls you can grab him by one foot / Then stab him with the dagger below to the sole of that foot

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