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Difference between revisions of "Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS Var.83)"
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| location = [[inventory::MS Var.83]], [[museum::Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]<br/>Rostock, Germany | | location = [[inventory::MS Var.83]], [[museum::Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]<br/>Rostock, Germany | ||
<!----------Image----------> | <!----------Image----------> | ||
− | | | + | | imageleft = File:MS Var.83 Iv.png |
− | | width = | + | | imageright = File:MS Var.83 01r.png |
+ | | width = x125px | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| keyimage = File:MS Var.83 01r.png | | keyimage = File:MS Var.83 01r.png | ||
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| Also known as = | | Also known as = | ||
| Type = [[type::Fencing manual]] | | Type = [[type::Fencing manual]] | ||
− | | Date = | + | | Date = Before [[year::1573]] |
| Place of origin = | | Place of origin = | ||
| Language(s) = [[language::Early New High German]] | | Language(s) = [[language::Early New High German]] | ||
Line 22: | Line 23: | ||
| Compiled by = | | Compiled by = | ||
| Illuminated by = | | Illuminated by = | ||
− | | Patron = | + | | Patron = |
| Dedicated to = | | Dedicated to = | ||
<!----------Form and content----------> | <!----------Form and content----------> | ||
| Material = Paper | | Material = Paper | ||
− | | Size = 51 [[folia]] ( | + | | Size = 51 [[folia]] (160 mm × 200 mm) |
− | | Format = | + | | Format = Text with scattered illustrations |
| Condition = | | Condition = | ||
| Script = [[script::Cursive]] | | Script = [[script::Cursive]] | ||
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| below = | | below = | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | '''Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch''' (MS var. 83) is an anonymous 16th century [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created some time before 1573.<ref>Bauer, Matthias Johannes. "The Fight Book of Hugold Behr: A Late Sixteenth-Century Fight Book in Comparative Perspective". ''[[Acta Periodica Duellatorum]]'' '''8'''(1). 2020. pp 89-90</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]] in Rostock, Germany. It was previously owned by Hugold Behr the Elder, from whom it takes its | + | '''Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch''' (MS var. 83) is an anonymous 16th century [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created some time before 1573.<ref>Bauer, Matthias Johannes. "The Fight Book of Hugold Behr: A Late Sixteenth-Century Fight Book in Comparative Perspective". ''[[Acta Periodica Duellatorum]]'' '''8'''(1). 2020. pp 89-90</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]] in Rostock, Germany. It was previously owned by Hugold Behr the Elder, from whom it takes its nickname, but its original author and artist are unknown. |
== Provenance == | == Provenance == | ||
Line 52: | Line 53: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! id="page" | 1r - 39r | ! id="page" | 1r - 39r | ||
− | | Anonymous [[ | + | | {{treatise begin |
+ | | title = Anonymous rapier and dagger treatise | ||
+ | | width = 90em | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {| class="treatisecontent" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! <p>Images</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS Var.83)}}<br/>by [[Matthias Johannes Bauer]]</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[file:MS Var.83 01r.png|400px|center]] | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{paget|page:MS Var.83|01r|png|blk=1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[file:MS Var.83 02v.png|400px|center]] | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | {{paget|page:MS Var.83|02v|png}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan="9" | [[file:MS Var.83 03r.png|400px|center]] | ||
+ | | <p>'''The short guard'''</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>In this short guard, indicated with the numbers 2 and 3, you must firstly observe that your left foot must stand on the 3, and your right behind on the 2.<ref>Note, that here the original reads “that your left foot must stand on the 2, and your right behind on the 3”. Based on the illustration, this is incorrect, interchanging “2” and “3”, and this was corrected in the translation presented here.</ref> Then deliver a full thrust to his left breast, so that your counterpart likewise<ref>Here, an alternative translation for ''im geleichen'' could be “at the same time”.</ref> attacks with a full thrust. You must take this out with your dagger, and immediately attack this arm in the same thrust.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 04r.png|1|lbl=4r.1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>But if he delivers a strike above, then cross against this with your dagger, and drive your point against his arm from below.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 04r.png|2|lbl=4r.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>Secondly, if your counterpart attacks hard with a full thrust on the outside of your dagger, then step with your right foot onto the 6, threaten him above with a half thrust, and strike through below to his legs.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 04v.png|1|lbl=4v.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>Thirdly, if he thrusts on the inside of your dagger, to your right side, you must drop against that with your dagger straight, and attack with a thrust over [your] dagger, to his right side.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 04v.png|2|lbl=4v.2}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ! 40v - 51r | + | | <p>Fourthly, make a half thrust to his face and lower your blade to the middle of the body, and then drive on in the same thrust.</p> |
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 05r.png|1|lbl=5r.1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>Or threaten him below with a half thrust, and attack above with a full thrust.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 05r.png|2|lbl=5r.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>'''Observation'''</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>If your counterpart stands in the same guard with you, then step into the long guard.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 05r.png|3|lbl=5r.3}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>'''Secondly'''</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>If your adversary stands short, remember to [go] with your rapier into the long [guard], staying with your foot in the short guard.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 05v.png|1|lbl=5v.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>'''Thirdly'''</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>If your fist is not protected well by your dagger, you must always remember to stand with your blade long.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 05v.png|2|lbl=5v.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan="4" | [[file:MS Var.83 06r.png|400px|center]] | ||
+ | | <p>If in this previous guard of 3 and 6,<ref>In the previous guard, as well as in the image preceding the current lesson, the fencer stands on 2 and 3, rather than 3 and 6. However, in the previous lessons, the fencer does step with his right foot from 2 to 6.</ref> a thrust is delivered at you below your dagger, or between your two weapons, to your right breast, you must take this out with your dagger blade flat, and complete a strike to his right ear.<ref>In the manuscript, this line is followed by a 3, the meaning of which is unclear.</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 07r.png|1|lbl=7r.1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>Secondly, in the same strike to his right ear, you can lower your blade, and, with a movement of your right foot, attack with a full thrust to his breast.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 07r.png|2|lbl=7r.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>If you get the opportunity, you can take out a thrust with your dagger blade flat, and direct a strike over your adversary’s blade, very low to his right knee.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 07v.png|1|lbl=7v.1}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>Then, if someone thrusts below to your legs, you must take this out with your blade hanging, and step forth with your right foot, changing with [your] blade to his groin.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|page:MS Var.83 07v.png|2|lbl=7v.2}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | {{treatise end}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! 40v - 51r | ||
| Illustrations of human figures | | Illustrations of human figures | ||
Line 61: | Line 145: | ||
== Gallery == | == Gallery == | ||
− | + | {{-}} | |
− | + | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Cover 1.png|Front Cover}} | |
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Cover 2.png|Inside Cover}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Ir.png|Ir}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Iv.png|Iv}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 01r.png|Folio 1r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 01v.png|Folio 1v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 02r.png|Folio 2r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 02v.png|Folio 2v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 03r.png|Folio 3r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 03v.png|Folio 3v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 04r.png|Folio 4r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 04v.png|Folio 4v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 05r.png|Folio 5r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 05v.png|Folio 5v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 06r.png|Folio 6r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 06v.png|Folio 6v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 07r.png|Folio 7r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 07v.png|Folio 7v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 08r.png|Folio 8r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 08v.png|Folio 8v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 09r.png|Folio 9r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 09v.png|Folio 9v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 10r.png|Folio 10r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 10v.png|Folio 10v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 11r.png|Folio 11r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 11v.png|Folio 11v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 12r.png|Folio 12r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 12v.png|Folio 12v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 13r.png|Folio 13r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 13v.png|Folio 13v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 14r.png|Folio 14r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 14v.png|Folio 14v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 15r.png|Folio 15r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 15v.png|Folio 15v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 16r.png|Folio 16r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 16v.png|Folio 16v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 17r.png|Folio 17r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 17v.png|Folio 17v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 18r.png|Folio 18r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 18v.png|Folio 18v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 19r.png|Folio 19r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 19v.png|Folio 19v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 20r.png|Folio 20r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 20v.png|Folio 20v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 21r.png|Folio 21r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 21v.png|Folio 21v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 22r.png|Folio 22r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 22v.png|Folio 22v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 23r.png|Folio 23r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 23v.png|Folio 23v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 24r.png|Folio 24r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 24v.png|Folio 24v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 25r.png|Folio 25r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 25v.png|Folio 25v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 26r.png|Folio 26r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 26v.png|Folio 26v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 27r.png|Folio 27r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 27v.png|Folio 27v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 28r.png|Folio 28r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 28v.png|Folio 28v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 29r.png|Folio 29r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 29v.png|Folio 29v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 30r.png|Folio 30r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 30v.png|Folio 30v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 31r.png|Folio 31r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 31v.png|Folio 31v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 32r.png|Folio 32r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 32v.png|Folio 32v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 33r.png|Folio 33r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 33v.png|Folio 33v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 34r.png|Folio 34r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 34v.png|Folio 34v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 35r.png|Folio 35r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 35v.png|Folio 35v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 36r.png|Folio 36r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 36v.png|Folio 36v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 37r.png|Folio 37r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 37v.png|Folio 37v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 38r.png|Folio 38r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 38v.png|Folio 38v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 39r.png|Folio 39r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 39v.png|Folio 39v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 40r.png|Folio 40r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 40v.png|Folio 40v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 41r.png|Folio 41r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 41v.png|Folio 41v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 42r.png|Folio 42r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 42v.png|Folio 42v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 43r.png|Folio 43r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 43v.png|Folio 43v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 44r.png|Folio 44r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 44v.png|Folio 44v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 45r.png|Folio 45r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 45v.png|Folio 45v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 46r.png|Folio 46r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 46v.png|Folio 46v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 47r.png|Folio 47r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 47v.png|Folio 47v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 48r.png|Folio 48r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 48v.png|Folio 48v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 49r.png|Folio 49r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 49v.png|Folio 49v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 50r.png|Folio 50r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 50v.png|Folio 50v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 51r.png|Folio 51r}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 51v.png|Folio 51v}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Cover 3.png|Inside Cover}} | ||
+ | {{image|h=1|MS Var.83 Cover 4.png|Back Cover}} | ||
== Additional Resources == | == Additional Resources == | ||
Line 83: | Line 274: | ||
| source title= Universitätsbibliothek Rostock | | source title= Universitätsbibliothek Rostock | ||
| license = public domain | | license = public domain | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox | ||
+ | | work = Translation | ||
+ | | authors = [[Reinier van Noort]] | ||
+ | | source link = | ||
+ | | source title= Ensis et Mente | ||
+ | | license = copyrighted | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
| work = Transcription | | work = Transcription | ||
− | | authors = | + | | authors = [[Matthias Johannes Bauer]] |
| source link = | | source link = | ||
| source title= [[Index:Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS Var.83)]] | | source title= [[Index:Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS Var.83)]] | ||
− | | license = | + | | license = noncommercial |
}} | }} | ||
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/> | {{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/> |
Revision as of 23:37, 17 March 2024
Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MS Var.83, Universitätsbibliothek Rostock Rostock, Germany | |||||
| |||||
| |||||
Type | Fencing manual | ||||
Date | Before 1573 | ||||
Language(s) | Early New High German | ||||
Author(s) | Unknown | ||||
Scribe(s) | Unknown | ||||
Material | Paper | ||||
Size | 51 folia (160 mm × 200 mm) | ||||
Format | Text with scattered illustrations | ||||
Script | Cursive | ||||
External data | Library catalog entry | ||||
Treatise scans | Digital scans |
Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS var. 83) is an anonymous 16th century German fencing manual created some time before 1573.[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Universitätsbibliothek Rostock in Rostock, Germany. It was previously owned by Hugold Behr the Elder, from whom it takes its nickname, but its original author and artist are unknown.
Contents
Provenance
Contents
1r - 39r |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40v - 51r | Illustrations of human figures |
Gallery
Additional Resources
The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.
- Bauer, Matthias Johannes (2007). "Die unbekannte illustrierte Fechthandschrift des Hugold Behr. Vorbemerkungen zur Edition von Rostock UB Mss. Var. 83." Medium Aevum Quotidianum 55: 80-85.
- Bauer, Matthias Johannes (2020). "The Fight Book of Hugold Behr: A Late Sixteenth-Century Fight Book in Comparative Perspective." Acta Periodica Duellatorum 8(1): 89-104. doi:10.36950/apd-2020-006.
References
- ↑ Bauer, Matthias Johannes. "The Fight Book of Hugold Behr: A Late Sixteenth-Century Fight Book in Comparative Perspective". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 8(1). 2020. pp 89-90
- ↑ Note, that here the original reads “that your left foot must stand on the 2, and your right behind on the 3”. Based on the illustration, this is incorrect, interchanging “2” and “3”, and this was corrected in the translation presented here.
- ↑ Here, an alternative translation for im geleichen could be “at the same time”.
- ↑ In the previous guard, as well as in the image preceding the current lesson, the fencer stands on 2 and 3, rather than 3 and 6. However, in the previous lessons, the fencer does step with his right foot from 2 to 6.
- ↑ In the manuscript, this line is followed by a 3, the meaning of which is unclear.
Copyright and License Summary
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
---|---|---|---|
Images | Universitätsbibliothek Rostock | Universitätsbibliothek Rostock | |
Translation | Reinier van Noort | Ensis et Mente | |
Transcription | Matthias Johannes Bauer | Index:Hugold Behr's Fechtbuch (MS Var.83) |