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Difference between revisions of "Peter Falkner"

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! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[translator::Betsy Winslow]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[translator::Betsy Winslow]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Kraków Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
  
 
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| <p>Mark what I depict in the staff, then be quick in winding and lifting up, fencing and laying low, crashing down forget not. Five hews make with falling over and winding out. Hew, stab also learn to find. That is the text, here follows after.</p>
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| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|58r|jpg}}
 
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|  
Mark what I depict in the staff, then be quick in winding and lifting up, fencing and laying low, crashing down forget not. Five hews make with falling over and winding out. Hew, stab also learn to find. That is the text, here follows after.
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|58r|jpg}}
 
  
 
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|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 58v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_58v.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 58v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_58v.jpg]]
|  
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| <p>Will you make the four on-bindings together, you shall seek when you lie before him in the changing hew, and he runs with the point from below on to the breast, then run against him there, also with the point. If he then strikes above with the other point, then strike also with the other there-against, so may he not injure you.</p>
Will you make the four on-bindings together, you shall seek when you lie before him in the changing hew, and he runs with the point from below on to the breast, then run against him there, also with the point. If he then strikes above with the other point, then strike also with the other there-against, so may he not injure you.
 
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|58v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|58v|jpg}}
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| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|085r|jpg}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59r.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59r.jpg]]
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| <p><br/></p>
Yet a technique, that is called the running over. When he has bound on your staff, then fall in above over his right shoulder on the neck with the point, he will then set off the point with the other point of his staff, then quickly strike with your other point in to the head, or thrust him in the breast.
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| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59r|jpg}}
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<p>Yet a technique, that is called the running over. When he has bound on your staff, then fall in above over his right shoulder on the neck with the point, he will then set off the point with the other point of his staff, then quickly strike with your other point in to the head, or thrust him in the breast.</p>
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59r|jpg}}
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| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|085v|jpg}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59v.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59v.jpg]]
|  
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| <p>Yet a technique far from the man. If he drives a strike or thrust on you to the face or breast, then displace his strike or stab, and take a thrust or strike against him to the head or to his leg.</p>
Yet a technique far from the man. If he drives a strike or thrust on you to the face or breast, then displace his strike or stab, and take a thrust or strike against him to the head or to his leg.
 
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59v|jpg}}
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| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|086r|jpg}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 60r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_60r.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 60r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_60r.jpg]]
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| <p>Mark, yet a technique. When he quickly binds on you, and you [bind on] against him from above, then grasp his staff to yours and press his fingers, then he must let you take the staff, this is called the clamping.</p>
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| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|60r|jpg}}
 
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Mark, yet a technique. When he quickly binds on you, and you [bind on] against him from above, then grasp his staff to yours and press his fingers, then he must let you take the staff, this is called the clamping.
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|60r|jpg}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 60v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_60v.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 60v.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_60v.jpg]]
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| <p>Yet a technique that is called the winding over with both points. Whenever you fall over with a point on the neck, then you shall wind out with the other point, if he falls against with the other [point] on the other side of the neck, then do not leave, thrust him between the hands to the throat or face.</p>
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| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|60v|jpg}}
 
|  
 
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Yet a technique that is called the winding over with both points. Whenever you fall over with a point on the neck, then you shall wind out with the other point, if he falls against with the other [point] on the other side of the neck, then do not leave, thrust him between the hands to the throat or face.
 
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|60v|jpg}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| class="noline" | [[File:MS KK5012 61r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_61r.jpg]]
 
| class="noline" | [[File:MS KK5012 61r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_61r.jpg]]
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| class="noline" | <p>Mark this is an especially good technique in the staff and is called the running under. When you have a staff and if he then strikes to you, to the leg or body, then run off with your back point on your right side from below after the strike, and fall with the left arm high over his breast, and with the left foot behind his, then you throw him down.</p>
 +
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|61r|jpg}}
 
| class="noline" |  
 
| class="noline" |  
Mark this is an especially good technique in the staff and is called the running under. When you have a staff and if he then strikes to you, to the leg or body, then run off with your back point on your right side from below after the strike, and fall with the left arm high over his breast, and with the left foot behind his, then you throw him down.
 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|61r|jpg}}
 
  
 
|}
 
|}

Revision as of 04:38, 2 July 2021

Peter Falkner
Born ca. 1460s
Died after 1506
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Movement Marxbrüder
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2011
Translations Deutsch-Übersetzung

Peter Falkner (Peter Faulkner, Petter Falckner) was a 15th century German fencing master. His early life is uncertain, but he was certified as a Master of the Long Sword by the Marxbrüder in Frankfurt-am-Main some time before 1491.[1] Falkner was a witness of record to the guild's biannual treasury accounting in 1496, a task he performed again in 1506.[1] In 1502, he was elected as Captain (Hauptman) of the guild, and he seems to have served an unusual three consecutive terms.[1][2]

In the 1490s, Falkner seems to have produced at least two manuscript fencing manuals (becoming the first member of the Brotherhood of Saint Mark to do so, unless Hans Talhoffer were also a member). Sadly, only the shorter of the two manuscripts, Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012),[3] survives. This fully-illustrated manuscript includes a sword section is based on Liechtenauer's Recital and a messer section based on that of Johannes Lecküchner (though in both cases with considerable alteration and elaboration by Falkner, and several short sections on other weapons which appear to be entirely original.

The longer of the two manuscripts, known as the Falkner Turnierbuch, seems to have been destroyed by Prussian bombardment during the Siege of Strasbourg in 1870. What little we know about its contents comes from records made before this time, which seem to indicate a manuscript of at least 111 folia containing an anthology of treatises by other masters of the Liechtenauer tradition, as well as a few works of unknown origin. There is also a possible third Falkner manuscript, the apparently-anonymous MS Cl. 23842, whose illustrations bear a strong resemblance to the artwork in KK5012 and which seems to even directly allude to it.[4]

Falkner's artwork resembles to some extent the earlier treatises of Paulus Kal, which may have been his inspiration, and his art seem in turn to have influenced Jörg Wilhalm Hutter (especially if he created Cl. 23842).

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Tobler, Christian Henry. Captain of the Guild: Master Peter Falkner's Art of Knightly Defense. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-9825911-1-6
  • Welle, Rainer. "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor: der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?" Codices manuscripti & impressi. Supplementum 12. Purkersdorf: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2017.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Anonymous. "Ordnung und Chronik der Fechtbruderschaft Unserer Lieben Frau und Sankt Markus zu Frankfurt 1491 - 1566" (in Early New High German). Untitled [manuscript]. Comp. Paulus Hector Mair. Codex I.6.2º.5. Augsburg, Germany: Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg, 1566.
  2. The Chronik der Fechtbruderschaft lists him as Captain in 1502 and 1504, and does not mention a new Captain until 1508. There is no indication of who held the office during the 1506-1507 term, so Falkner may possibly have continued during that time.
  3. Tobler, Christian Henry. In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p 11
  4. Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's devices: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [rather than] the Record." (Hie hebendt peters stuck an: die swert nemen mit pruchen und ringen. Lasz ab malen nach deme zetel oder nach dem durchlauffen…[illegible] zettel) on f 47r. Compare with the device on f 15r of Falkner's work.
  5. alt: side
  6. alt: weapons
  7. Or Curved
  8. Or Cross, Barrier
  9. Or Canted, Slanted, Difficult to See
  10. Or Vertex, Scalper
  11. Ambiguous “from the right”, “properly” or “directly”
  12. Indes - Both within and during
  13. I changed this from the passive voice to the active, because it sounds weird. literally: "The war is not prone to you."
  14. Ambiguous “to the right”, “properly” or “directly”
  15. Leger - guards
  16. Versetzen - parrying
  17. Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across.
  18. Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across. It is used as a noun here.
  19. Das »g« könnte auch ein »h« sein.