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{{infobox writer
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{{Infobox
| name                = [[name::Johannes Lecküchner]]
+
| bodyclass  = vcard
| image                = File:Johannes Lecküchner.png
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| pseudonym            =  
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+
| abovestyle  = text-align: center; font-size: 125%; background-color: #ACBCE0;
| birthdate            = ca. 1430s
+
| above      = [[name::Johannes Lecküchner]]
| birthplace          = Nuremberg, Germany
+
 
| deathdate            = December 31, 1482
+
| image      = {{#if: File:Johannes Lecküchner.png | [[File:Johannes Lecküchner.png|{{px| 250px | 300x300px}}|alt=]] }}
| deathplace          = Herzogenaurach, Germany
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| label1      = Also known as
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 +
| label2      = Born
 +
| data2      = ca. 1430s<br/>Nuremberg, Germany
 +
 
 +
| label3      = Died
 +
| data3      = December 31, 1482<br/>Herzogenaurach, Germany
 +
 
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  | Priest
 
  | Priest
 
  | [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=Fencing master}}
 
  | [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=Fencing master}}
 
}}
 
}}
| language            = [[language::Early New High German]]
 
| nationality          =
 
| ethnicity            =
 
| citizenship          =
 
| education            =
 
| alma_mater          = University of Leipzig
 
| patron              =
 
  
| period              =  
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| label12    = Nationality
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
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| subject              =  
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| movement            =  
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| label13    = Ethnicity
| notableworks        = ''Kunst des Messerfechtens''
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| data16      = University of Leipzig
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 +
 
 +
| label18    = Movement
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| data18      =
 +
 
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| label19    = Influences
 +
| data19      = [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] (?)
 +
 
 +
| label20    = Influenced
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 +
 
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| data21      = [[Fencing manual]]
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| data24      = ''Kunst des Messerfechtens''
 +
 
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  | [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Cod.Pal.germ. 430]] (1478)
 
  | [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Cod.Pal.germ. 430]] (1478)
 
  | [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]] (1482)
 
  | [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]] (1482)
 
}}
 
}}
| manuscript(s)       = {{collapsible list
+
 
 +
| label26    = Principal<br/>manuscript(s)
 +
| data26      =
 +
 
 +
| label27    = Manuscript(s)
 +
| data27      = {{collapsible list
 
  | [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
 
  | [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
 
  | [[OPLODIDASKALIA sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512)
 
  | [[OPLODIDASKALIA sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512)
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  | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556)
 
  | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556)
 
}}
 
}}
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| first printed edition=
 
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
 
  
| spouse              =  
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| label28    = First&nbsp;printed<br/>english&nbsp;edition
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| data28      =  
| children            =
+
 
| relatives            =  
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| label29    = Concordance&nbsp;by
| influences          = [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] (?)
+
| data29      = [[Michael Chidester]]
| influenced          =
+
 
| awards              =
+
| label30    = Translations
| signature            = [[File:Johannes Lecküchner Sig.jpg|150px]]
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| data30      = {{collapsible list
| website              =  
 
| translations        = {{collapsible list
 
 
  | {{French translation|http://www.guerriers-avalon.org/index.php?id{{=}}docs&cat{{=}}armement&page{{=}}speyer_leckuchner_messer|1}}
 
  | {{French translation|http://www.guerriers-avalon.org/index.php?id{{=}}docs&cat{{=}}armement&page{{=}}speyer_leckuchner_messer|1}}
 
  | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/de/transkriptionen/leckuechner_cgm582/index.php|1}}
 
  | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/de/transkriptionen/leckuechner_cgm582/index.php|1}}
 
  | {{Polish translation|http://arma.lh.pl/zrodla/traktaty/pdf/leckuchner.pdf|1}}
 
  | {{Polish translation|http://arma.lh.pl/zrodla/traktaty/pdf/leckuchner.pdf|1}}
 
}}
 
}}
| below               =  
+
 
 +
| label31    = Signature
 +
| data31      = [[File:Johannes Lecküchner Sig.jpg|150px]]
 +
 
 +
| below       =  
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{foreignchar|Johannes Leckuechner|ü}}
 
{{foreignchar|Johannes Leckuechner|ü}}
 
'''Johannes Lecküchner''' (or Hans Lebkommer; ca. 1430s &ndash; 1482) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] cleric and [[fencing master]]. He was born in the Nuremberg area, and in 1455 he was inscribed at the University of Leipzig. In 1457, he received the title of ''baccalaureus'', and he was consecrated as a Catholic acolyte in 1459. At some point before creating his first manuscript in 1478, Lecküchner was consecrated as a priest. From 1480 until his death on December 31, 1482, he was employed as a communal priest in Herzogenaurach, Germany.<ref>[[Julia Lorbeer|Julia]] and [[Carsten Lorbeer]] (in German). "[http://www.schwertkampf-ochs.de/leckuechner.html Johannes Lecküchner - der fechtende Pfarrer]". [[Ochs: Historische Kampfkünst e.V.]], 2002. Retrieved 21 April 2011.</ref> Lecküchner dedicated his [[fencing manual]] to Philip "the Upright" of Wittelsbach, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, but the nature of his connection to the duke remains unclear.<ref>Fencing master [[Ludwig VI von Eyb]] was a powerful noble in service to Philip from 1499 to 1504 (and possibly longer), but his writings demonstrate no connection to or awareness of those of Lecküchner.</ref>
 
'''Johannes Lecküchner''' (or Hans Lebkommer; ca. 1430s &ndash; 1482) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] cleric and [[fencing master]]. He was born in the Nuremberg area, and in 1455 he was inscribed at the University of Leipzig. In 1457, he received the title of ''baccalaureus'', and he was consecrated as a Catholic acolyte in 1459. At some point before creating his first manuscript in 1478, Lecküchner was consecrated as a priest. From 1480 until his death on December 31, 1482, he was employed as a communal priest in Herzogenaurach, Germany.<ref>[[Julia Lorbeer|Julia]] and [[Carsten Lorbeer]] (in German). "[http://www.schwertkampf-ochs.de/leckuechner.html Johannes Lecküchner - der fechtende Pfarrer]". [[Ochs: Historische Kampfkünst e.V.]], 2002. Retrieved 21 April 2011.</ref> Lecküchner dedicated his [[fencing manual]] to Philip "the Upright" of Wittelsbach, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, but the nature of his connection to the duke remains unclear.<ref>Fencing master [[Ludwig VI von Eyb]] was a powerful noble in service to Philip from 1499 to 1504 (and possibly longer), but his writings demonstrate no connection to or awareness of those of Lecküchner.</ref>
  
Some 19th century scholars assumed that Lecküchner's name was a corruption of "Liechtenauer" and a reference to [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], the grand master of the primary German [[longsword]] tradition. However, biographical information from historical records, as well as the colophon in the manuscript itself, thoroughly disproves this theory. Lecküchner's system of [[Messer]] fencing does, however, seem to be related in some way to the longsword teachings of Liechtenauer from the previous century. His teachings are organized in a similar fashion using similar terminology, and often his [[Recital]] (''Zettel'') is nearly identical to that of Liechtenauer.
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Some 19th century scholars assumed that Lecküchner's name was a corruption of "Liechtenauer" and a reference to [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], the grand master of the best-known German tradition. However, biographical information from historical records, as well as the colophon in the manuscript itself, thoroughly disproves this theory. Lecküchner's system of [[Messer]] fencing does, however, seem to be related in some way to the long sword teachings of Liechtenauer from earlier in the century. His teachings are organized in a similar fashion using similar terminology, and often his [[Recital]] (''Zettel'') is often nearly identical to that of Liechtenauer.
  
 
Two potentially-autograph copies of Lecküchner's treatise are preserved: the [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Cod. Pal. Germ. 430]], completed in 1478, and the [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]], completed on 19 January 1482 (the year of his death).<ref>The [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]] states on [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00002184/image_434 folio 216v] that "This material was composed by the Reverend Johannes Lecküchner, at that time of the parish in Herzogenaurach, in the year of our Lord 1478, but this book was written and completed in the 82nd year on the eve of St. Sebastian." (''Composita est materia illa per domine Johanne Lecküchner tunc tempore plebanus jn Hertzogaurach Anno domini M°CCCC° septuagesimo octauo sed iste librum Scriptum est et completus Anno 8° secundo jn vigilia sancti Sebastiani'').</ref> The Cgm 582 mentions in the last paragraph that a previous draft had been produced, which is presumed to be a reference to the CPG 430. Despite the Cgm 582 being the more extensive and elaborate of the two, it is the CPG 430 that seems to be the source for all later repetitions of Lecküchner's teachings. A slightly abridged version of this treatise (probably based on a lost intermediary) was included by [[Hans von Speyer]] in the [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] in 1491, and similar (but not identical) abridged versions were reproduced by [[Gregor Erhart]] in 1533, [[Paulus Hector Mair]] in the 1540s, and [[Lienhart Sollinger]] in 1556.
 
Two potentially-autograph copies of Lecküchner's treatise are preserved: the [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Cod. Pal. Germ. 430]], completed in 1478, and the [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]], completed on 19 January 1482 (the year of his death).<ref>The [[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Cgm 582]] states on [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00002184/image_434 folio 216v] that "This material was composed by the Reverend Johannes Lecküchner, at that time of the parish in Herzogenaurach, in the year of our Lord 1478, but this book was written and completed in the 82nd year on the eve of St. Sebastian." (''Composita est materia illa per domine Johanne Lecküchner tunc tempore plebanus jn Hertzogaurach Anno domini M°CCCC° septuagesimo octauo sed iste librum Scriptum est et completus Anno 8° secundo jn vigilia sancti Sebastiani'').</ref> The Cgm 582 mentions in the last paragraph that a previous draft had been produced, which is presumed to be a reference to the CPG 430. Despite the Cgm 582 being the more extensive and elaborate of the two, it is the CPG 430 that seems to be the source for all later repetitions of Lecküchner's teachings. A slightly abridged version of this treatise (probably based on a lost intermediary) was included by [[Hans von Speyer]] in the [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] in 1491, and similar (but not identical) abridged versions were reproduced by [[Gregor Erhart]] in 1533, [[Paulus Hector Mair]] in the 1540s, and [[Lienhart Sollinger]] in 1556.
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Preceding the treatises of Lecküchner and Liechtenauer in the MS M.I.29 are brief notes by a [[Magister Andreas]] explaining equivalences in concepts and terminology between the two,<ref>[[Hans von Speyer]]. Untitled [manuscript]. [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]]. Salzburg, Austria: [[Universitätsbibliothek Salzburg]], 1491. ff 5r-7r</ref> perhaps indicating that by this time Lecküchner's teachings had been integrated into the Liechtenauer school of fencing. This notion is further supported by the appearance of Lecküchner's Recital alongside Liechtenauer's in [[Marxbrüder]] captain [[Peter Falkner]]'s treatise of ca. 1495.
 
Preceding the treatises of Lecküchner and Liechtenauer in the MS M.I.29 are brief notes by a [[Magister Andreas]] explaining equivalences in concepts and terminology between the two,<ref>[[Hans von Speyer]]. Untitled [manuscript]. [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]]. Salzburg, Austria: [[Universitätsbibliothek Salzburg]], 1491. ff 5r-7r</ref> perhaps indicating that by this time Lecküchner's teachings had been integrated into the Liechtenauer school of fencing. This notion is further supported by the appearance of Lecküchner's Recital alongside Liechtenauer's in [[Marxbrüder]] captain [[Peter Falkner]]'s treatise of ca. 1495.
  
One final note of interest is that in 1531, printer [[Christian Egenolff]] published a fencing anthology entitled ''[[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst]]'', and included in it a brief treatise on the Messer attributed to a certain Master [[Hans Lebkommer]]. This is either a misspelling or alternate rendering of "Lecküchner"; the text appears to be a brief summary of Lecküchner's teachings, intermingled with the Messer teachings of [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] (uncredited). Since there is no indication that it was actually written by Lecküchner (who was long dead by that time), and in order to avoid confusion here, this otherwise anonymous treatise can be found on the Lebkommer page.
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One final note of interest is that in 1531, printer [[Christian Egenolff]] published a fencing anthology entitled ''[[Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst]]'', and included in it a brief treatise on the Messer attributed to a certain Master [[Hans Lebkommer]]. This is either a misspelling or alternate rendering of "Lecküchner"; the text appears to be a brief summary of Lecküchner's teachings, intermingled with the Messer teachings of [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] (uncredited). Since there is no indication that it was actually written by Lecküchner (who was long dead by that time), and in order to avoid confusion here, this otherwise anonymous treatise can be found on the Lebkommer page.
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
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! <p>{{rating|start|Partial Translation (from the Heidelberg)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start|Partial Translation (from the Heidelberg)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Munich)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Munich)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Transcription]] (1491)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Codex_Speyer_(MS_M.I.29) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
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! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Codex_Speyer_(MS_M.I.29) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Heidelberg Transcription]] (1478)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cod.Pal.Germ.430) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
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! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Heidelberg Version]] (1478)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cod.Pal.Germ.430) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Munich Ⅰ Transcription]] (1482)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cgm_582) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Carsten&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Julia&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Johann&nbsp;Heim]], [[Robert&nbsp;Brunner]], [[Alex&nbsp;Kiermayer]]</p>
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! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1482)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cgm_582) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Carsten&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Julia&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Johann&nbsp;Heim]], [[Robert&nbsp;Brunner]], [[Alex&nbsp;Kiermayer]]</p>
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Transcription]] (1512)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Oplodidaskalia_sive_Armorvm_Tractandorvm_Meditatio_Alberti_Dvreri_(MS_26-232) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
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! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Version]] (1512)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Oplodidaskalia_sive_Armorvm_Tractandorvm_Meditatio_Alberti_Dvreri_(MS_26-232) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Transcription]] (1533)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Gregor_Erhart_Fechtbuch_(MS_E.1939.65.354) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
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! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Version]] (1533)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Gregor_Erhart_Fechtbuch_(MS_E.1939.65.354) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Transcription]] (1542)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(MS_Dresd.C.93) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Version]] (1542)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(MS_Dresd.C.93) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) German Transcription]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) German Version]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Transcription]] (1540s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.icon._393_I) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Version]] (1540s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.icon._393_I) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Latin Transcription]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Latin Version]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅱ Transcription]] (1556)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Maister_Liechtenawers_Kunstbuech_(Cgm_3712) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1556)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Maister_Liechtenawers_Kunstbuech_(Cgm_3712) edit]&#93;</span></p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.Pal.germ.430 002r.png|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[1] This is the art and charter on the Messer of Sir Hans Leckuchner of Nürnberg, which he did and put together himself, the text and the explanation of it.</p>
 
| <p>[1] This is the art and charter on the Messer of Sir Hans Leckuchner of Nürnberg, which he did and put together himself, the text and the explanation of it.</p>
 
| <p>This is the art and charter on the Messer of Sir Hans Leckuchner of Nürnberg, which he did and put together himself, the text and the explanation of it to His Highness Prince and Duke Philip, Count Palatine of Rhein, Arch-Cup-bearer and Prince Elector, and Duke in Bavaria.</p>
 
| <p>This is the art and charter on the Messer of Sir Hans Leckuchner of Nürnberg, which he did and put together himself, the text and the explanation of it to His Highness Prince and Duke Philip, Count Palatine of Rhein, Arch-Cup-bearer and Prince Elector, and Duke in Bavaria.</p>
Line 119: Line 180:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
 
 
| <p>[2] </p>
 
| <p>[2] </p>
 
| <p>'''The foreword'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The foreword'''</p>
Line 560: Line 620:
 
| <p>Then, the seventeenth are winding with the Messer-the master refers to it for us as he says: wind against the openings.</p>
 
| <p>Then, the seventeenth are winding with the Messer-the master refers to it for us as he says: wind against the openings.</p>
  
<p>Thus, you have the main elements which are twenty-three. [The text] ''follows.''</p>
+
<p>Thus, you have the main elements which are twenty-three.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 048v.jpg|8|lbl=48v.8}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 048v.jpg|8|lbl=48v.8}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 006v.png|6|lbl=6v.6}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 006v.png|6|lbl=6v.6}}
Line 1,094: Line 1,154:
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 050r.jpg|4|lbl=50r.4}}
+
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 050r.jpg|5|lbl=50r.5}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 2,271: Line 2,331:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cgm 582 033r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cgm 582 033r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[117] </p>
 
| <p>[117] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
Line 2,322: Line 2,382:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cgm 582 033v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>[119] </p>
 
| <p>[119] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
Line 2,345: Line 2,404:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cgm 582 033v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[122] </p>
 
| <p>[122] </p>
  
Line 2,888: Line 2,948:
 
| <p>[149] </p>
 
| <p>[149] </p>
  
<p>Then, you can do the drawing after on both sides and also bring cuts to it. And do him this way: if he delivers a stroke that misses in front of you, be it from the right or the left side, strike to him merrily to the opening. If he goes high and binds you from below on the Messer, notice as soon as one Messer sparks on the other, go “simultaneously” with the long edge to his arm, and press with the cut downwards, or cut “simultaneously” through his face.</p>
+
<p>Then, you can do the drawing after on both sides and also bring cuts to it. And do him this way: if he delivers a stroke that misses in front of you, be it from the right or the left side, strike to him merrily to the opening. If he goes high and binds you from below on the Messer, notice as soon as one Messer sparks on the other, go “simultaneously” with the long or sharp edge to his arm, and press with the cut downwards, or cut “simultaneously” through his face.</p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 3,225: Line 3,285:
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 049r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 049r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[167] </p>
 
| <p>[167] </p>
 +
| <p>[No text]</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 582|049r|jpg|lbl=49r|blk=1}}
|  
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 3,240: Line 3,300:
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 049v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 049v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[168] </p>
 
| <p>[168] </p>
 +
| <p>[No text]</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 582|049r|jpg|lbl=49r|blk=1}}
|  
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 3,456: Line 3,516:
 
<p>Then, if he holds you as before, thrust at him between both his arms with the “weak” over his right arm at the joint and raise with the hilt firmly to his left arm at the joint of the elbow and press from above downwards firmly to his right side. ''The text follows''.</p>
 
<p>Then, if he holds you as before, thrust at him between both his arms with the “weak” over his right arm at the joint and raise with the hilt firmly to his left arm at the joint of the elbow and press from above downwards firmly to his right side. ''The text follows''.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 063r.jpg|3|lbl=63r.3}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 033r.png|2|lbl=33r.2}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 033r.png|2|lbl=33r.2}}
 
|  
 
|  
| <p><br/></p>
+
|  
 
 
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 063r.jpg|3|lbl=63r.3}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 4,094: Line 4,154:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 067v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 067v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>[212] </p>
+
| <p>[212] Then, if you want, let the Messer go through and strike at him again with the blunt or the sharp edge at his right side to the upper peak. And what the going through is, you will be taught afterwards.</p>
| <p>Then, if you want, let the Messer go through and strike at him again with the blunt or the sharp edge at his right side to the upper peak. And what the going through is, you will be taught afterwards.</p>
+
| <p>Then, if you want, let the Messer go through and strike at him again with the blunt or the sharp edge at his right side to the upper peak. And what the going through is, you will be taught afterwards. And make sure that you do the going through according to my meaning, as I have stated them to be different in the Messer than in the sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 067r.jpg|3|lbl=67r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 067r.jpg|3|lbl=67r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 037v.png|2|lbl=37v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 037v.png|2|lbl=37v.2}}
Line 5,488: Line 5,548:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>[290] </p>
 
| <p>[290] </p>
| ''This does not [mean anything?]''
+
| <p>''This does not [mean anything?]''</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 5,693: Line 5,753:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 102v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 102v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>[302] </p>
+
| <p>[302] <span class="red" style="font-weight:bold;">Do not forget the cuts<br/>Two from below and two from above</span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Here the master speaks about the cuts and their peculiarities, and states that the cuts are four. The first two, the two from above, are to be performed against the fighters who go from the bind and who eagerly strike around with the Messer to the other side. Break it before with the cut in this manner: if he binds you on your Messer with displacing or else to your left side and with it strikes quickly around with the ''Entrüsthau'' or else to your right side, leap out of the stroke with the left foot to his right side and fall with the sharp or long edge above over his arm and press him with the cut from you. You should do this.</p>
 
| <p><span class="red" style="font-weight:bold;">Do not forget the cuts<br/>Two from below and two from above</span></p>
 
| <p><span class="red" style="font-weight:bold;">Do not forget the cuts<br/>Two from below and two from above</span></p>
  
Line 6,551: Line 6,613:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 124r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 582 124r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>[352] </p>
+
| <p>[352] Then, if you stand as before, do as if you wanted to wind at his stomach, and “simultaneously” thrust at his face.</p>
 
| <p>Then, if you stand as before, do as if you wanted to wind at his stomach, and thrust the long point “simultaneously” at his face.</p>
 
| <p>Then, if you stand as before, do as if you wanted to wind at his stomach, and thrust the long point “simultaneously” at his face.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 083r.jpg|1|lbl=83r.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 083r.jpg|1|lbl=83r.1}}
Line 9,390: Line 9,452:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>[520] </p>
 
| <p>[520] </p>
| <p>Then, these elements are to be performed against these who run into and eagerly fight high and short, or do the hurling strokes against the man, and also leap with hurling strokes to the man. Thus, you have the stork’s beak and against which element or peculiarity you should do it, you are just taught. [The text] ''follows.''</p>
+
| <p>Then, these elements are to be performed against these who run into and eagerly fight high and short, or do the hurling strokes against the man, and also leap with hurling strokes to the man. Thus, you have the stork’s beak and against which element or peculiarity you should do it, you are just taught.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 107v.jpg|1|lbl=107v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 107v.jpg|1|lbl=107v.1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 097v.png|2|lbl=97v.2}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 097v.png|2|lbl=97v.2}}
Line 9,704: Line 9,766:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="4" | [[File:Cgm 582 198r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cgm 582 198r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[539] </p>
 
| <p>[539] </p>
 
| <p><span class="red" style="font-weight:bold;">There are four hangings<br/>Therefrom learn to recognise strokes, thrusts and cuts<br/>In every action<br/>Guards, soft or hard</span></p>
 
| <p><span class="red" style="font-weight:bold;">There are four hangings<br/>Therefrom learn to recognise strokes, thrusts and cuts<br/>In every action<br/>Guards, soft or hard</span></p>
Line 9,750: Line 9,812:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cgm 582 199r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>[542] </p>
 
| <p>[542] </p>
| <p>Then, another upper hanging with two windings. Do it this way: if you come to him with the ''Zufechten'', stand from your left side in the ''Stier''. If he strikes from above at your right side, wind against his stroke, the long edge on his Messer, and thrust at his face from above-this is another winding. If he sets the thrust aside against your right side, remain on his Messer and wind again to your left side, again in the ''Stier'', with the flat on his Messer. And thrust from above at his face to his left side, so that the blunt edge is below while thrusting. Thus, you have two windings on his Messer.</p>
+
| <p>Then, notice now how you should perform eight windings from the four hangings. The first upper hanging has two windings and perform it this way: if you come with the ''Zufechten'' to him, stand from your right side in the ''Stier''. If he strikes from above at your left side, wind against his stroke, the short edge on his Messer, again to the ''Stier''. If he sets the thrust aside from his left side, remain on the Messer and wind again to your right side again to the ''Stier'', with the flat on his Messer, and thrust from above at his face. This is one hanging from the right side with two windings on his Messer.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 111v.jpg|1|lbl=111v.1}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 111v.jpg|2|lbl=111v.2}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 103v.png|4|lbl=103v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104r.png|1|lbl=104r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 103v.png|4|lbl=103v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104r.png|1|lbl=104r.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 198v.jpg|3|lbl=198v.3}}
+
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 582|199r|jpg}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 9,765: Line 9,828:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Cgm 582 199r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>[543] </p>
 
| <p>[543] </p>
| <p>Then, notice now how you should perform eight windings from the four hangings. The first upper hanging has two windings and perform it this way: if you come with the ''Zufechten'' to him, stand from your right side in the ''Stier''. If he strikes from above at your left side, wind against his stroke, the short edge on his Messer, again to the ''Stier''. If he sets the thrust aside from his left side, remain on the Messer and wind again to your right side again to the ''Stier'', with the flat on his Messer, and thrust from above at his face. This is one hanging from the right side with two windings on his Messer.</p>
+
| <p>Then, another upper hanging with two windings. Do it this way: if you come to him with the ''Zufechten'', stand from your left side in the ''Stier''. If he strikes from above at your right side, wind against his stroke, the long edge on his Messer, and thrust at his face from above-this is another winding. If he sets the thrust aside against your right side, remain on his Messer and wind again to your left side, again in the ''Stier'', with the flat on his Messer. And thrust from above at his face to his left side, so that the blunt edge is below while thrusting. Thus, you have two windings on his Messer.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 111v.jpg|2|lbl=111v.2}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 111v.jpg|1|lbl=111v.1}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104r.png|2|lbl=104r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104v.png|1|lbl=104v.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104r.png|2|lbl=104r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 104v.png|1|lbl=104v.1|p=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 582|199r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 198v.jpg|3|lbl=198v.3}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 10,400: Line 10,462:
 
| <p>[582] </p>
 
| <p>[582] </p>
 
| <p>Then, a note: the elements are good, as you can more easily dupe the man, and “simultaneously” do the doubling, the feints and the hits.</p>
 
| <p>Then, a note: the elements are good, as you can more easily dupe the man, and “simultaneously” do the doubling, the feints and the hits.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|3|lbl=116r.3}}
+
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116r.3|{{#ifeq:116r.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 116r.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|3}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|3|lbl=113v.3}}
+
{{#if:116r.3|{{#ifeq:116r.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 116r.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|3}} }}
| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg|2|lbl=214v.2}}
+
</div>}}
 +
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:113v.3|{{#ifeq:113v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 113v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|3}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:113v.3|{{#ifeq:113v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 113v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|3}} }}
 +
</div>}}
 +
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:214v.2|{{#ifeq:214v.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg}} 214v.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg|2}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:214v.2|{{#ifeq:214v.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg}} 214v.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 214v.jpg|2}} }}
 +
</div>}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 10,416: Line 10,484:
 
| <p>Then, you should also know that from these windings there should be found strokes, thrusts and cuts, and do it this way: as you have gone through with the Messer from his left side to your right one, cut upwards on his side. And “simultaneously”, as you have cut with the Messer, thrust at his chest. “Simultaneously” go high with the Messer and do a feint also on his right side, and strike at his next opening.</p>
 
| <p>Then, you should also know that from these windings there should be found strokes, thrusts and cuts, and do it this way: as you have gone through with the Messer from his left side to your right one, cut upwards on his side. And “simultaneously”, as you have cut with the Messer, thrust at his chest. “Simultaneously” go high with the Messer and do a feint also on his right side, and strike at his next opening.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|4|lbl=116r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|1|lbl=116v.1|p=1}}
+
{{#if:1|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116r.4|{{#ifeq:116r.4|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 116r.4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|4}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:116r.4|{{#ifeq:116r.4|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 116r.4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg}} 4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116r.jpg|4}} }}
 +
</div>}} {{#if:1|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116v.1|{{#ifeq:116v.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 116v.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|1}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:116v.1|{{#ifeq:116v.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 116v.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|1}} }}
 +
</div>}}
 
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|  
{{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|4|lbl=113v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png|1|lbl=114r.1|p=1}}
+
{{#if:1|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:113v.4|{{#ifeq:113v.4|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 113v.4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|4}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 582|215r|jpg}}
+
{{#if:113v.4|{{#ifeq:113v.4|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 113v.4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png}} 4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 113v.png|4}} }}
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{{#if:114r.1|{{#ifeq:114r.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 114r.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png|1}} }}
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| <p>[586] </p>
 
| <p>[586] </p>
 
| <p>Then, you should also notice quite well whether he is soft or hard in the displacement, and notice the weak and the strong, and first of all you should not forget the word “simultaneously,” and what is “before” and “after,” which you have been taught before.</p>
 
| <p>Then, you should also notice quite well whether he is soft or hard in the displacement, and notice the weak and the strong, and first of all you should not forget the word “simultaneously,” and what is “before” and “after,” which you have been taught before.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|2|lbl=116v.2}}
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| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116v.2|{{#ifeq:116v.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 116v.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|2}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png|2|lbl=114r.2}}
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{{#if:116v.2|{{#ifeq:116v.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 116v.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|2}} }}
| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|1|lbl=216v.1}}
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| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:114r.2|{{#ifeq:114r.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 114r.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png|2}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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{{#if:114r.2|{{#ifeq:114r.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 114r.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114r.png|2}} }}
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| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:216v.1|{{#ifeq:216v.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 216v.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|1}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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{{#if:216v.1|{{#ifeq:216v.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 216v.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|1}} }}
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| <p>Now, you should know what the word “simultaneously” is: when you feel whether he is soft or hard in the displacement, notice, that you work “simultaneously” in all the elements as you notice the peculiarities of the things that are brought and done on you, or that you have done on the man. “Simultaneously” double, “simultaneously” mutate, “simultaneously” run through, “simultaneously” clench, “simultaneously” take the cut, “simultaneously” fight hand-to-hand, “simultaneously” take the Messer, “simultaneously” take over, “simultaneously” go through, “simultaneously” run through, “simultaneously” do what your heart desires. “Simultaneously” is a sharp word with which the masters are cut out hard, and first of all the masters who neither known nor understand the word “simultaneously”. Thus, you have quite exactly in this book the most part of the art of the Messer and the great basis.</p>
 
| <p>Now, you should know what the word “simultaneously” is: when you feel whether he is soft or hard in the displacement, notice, that you work “simultaneously” in all the elements as you notice the peculiarities of the things that are brought and done on you, or that you have done on the man. “Simultaneously” double, “simultaneously” mutate, “simultaneously” run through, “simultaneously” clench, “simultaneously” take the cut, “simultaneously” fight hand-to-hand, “simultaneously” take the Messer, “simultaneously” take over, “simultaneously” go through, “simultaneously” run through, “simultaneously” do what your heart desires. “Simultaneously” is a sharp word with which the masters are cut out hard, and first of all the masters who neither known nor understand the word “simultaneously”. Thus, you have quite exactly in this book the most part of the art of the Messer and the great basis.</p>
 
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{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|3|lbl=116v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 117r.jpg|1|lbl=117r.1|p=1}}
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{{#if:1|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116v.3|{{#ifeq:116v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 116v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:MS M.I.29 116v.jpg|3}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|2|lbl=216v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png|2|lbl=114v.2}}
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| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:114v.2|{{#ifeq:114v.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 114v.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png|2}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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| <p>[589] </p>
 
| <p>[589] </p>
| <p>Thus, Sir Hans Lecküchner of Nuremberg has done, composed and finished this book. God send him the Holy Blessing, and forgive him evil, misdeeds and sins, and give him His Charitable Divine Grace and Salvation.</p>
+
| <p>Thus, Sir Hans Lecküchner of Nuremberg has made, composed, and finished this book. God send him the Holy Blessing, and forgive him evil, misdeeds, and sins, and give him His Charitable Divine Grace and Salvation.</p>
  
 
<p>Amen.</p>
 
<p>Amen.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png|3|lbl=114v.3}}
+
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:114v.3|{{#ifeq:114v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 114v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png|3}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|3|lbl=216v.3}}
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{{#if:114v.3|{{#ifeq:114v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 114v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 114v.png|3}} }}
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| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:216v.3|{{#ifeq:216v.3|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 216v.3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 3]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|3}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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| <p>[590] </p>
 
| <p>[590] </p>
| <p>This matter has been composed by Sir Johannes Lecküchner, at that time the parish priest in Herzogenaurach, AD. 1478, but this book has been written and completed AD. 82 in the eve of St Sebastian.<ref>19/20 January</ref></p>
+
| <p>This material has been composed by Reverend Hans Lecküchner, at the time parish priest in Herzogenaurach, in the year of our Lord 1478, but this book has been written and completed the in 82nd year on the eve of St Sebastian.<ref>19/20 January.</ref></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|4|lbl=216v.4}}
+
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:216v.4|{{#ifeq:216v.4|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 216v.4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg}} 4]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cgm 582 216v.jpg|4}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
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! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the Heidelberg</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the Heidelberg</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Partial Translation (from the Heidelberg)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Heidelberg)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Munich)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
+
! <p>No text (from the Munich)</p>
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Transcription]] (1491)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Codex_Speyer_(MS_M.I.29) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Codex_Speyer_(MS_M.I.29) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Heidelberg Transcription]] (1478)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cod.Pal.Germ.430) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cod.Pal.Germ.430)|Heidelberg Version]] (1478)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cod.Pal.Germ.430) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]]</p>
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Munich Ⅰ Transcription]] (1482)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cgm_582) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Carsten&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Julia&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Johann&nbsp;Heim]], [[Robert&nbsp;Brunner]], [[Alex&nbsp;Kiermayer]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunst des Messerfechtens (Cgm 582)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1482)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Kunst_des_Messerfechtens_(Cgm_582) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Carsten&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Julia&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Johann&nbsp;Heim]], [[Robert&nbsp;Brunner]], [[Alex&nbsp;Kiermayer]]</p>
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Transcription]] (1512)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Oplodidaskalia_sive_Armorvm_Tractandorvm_Meditatio_Alberti_Dvreri_(MS_26-232) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Version]] (1512)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Oplodidaskalia_sive_Armorvm_Tractandorvm_Meditatio_Alberti_Dvreri_(MS_26-232) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Transcription]] (1533)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Gregor_Erhart_Fechtbuch_(MS_E.1939.65.354) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Version]] (1533)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Gregor_Erhart_Fechtbuch_(MS_E.1939.65.354) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Transcription]] (1542)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(MS_Dresd.C.93) edit]&#93;</span><br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden (Mair) Version]] (1542)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(MS_Dresd.C.93) edit]&#93;</span><br/>Transcribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) German Transcription]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) German Version]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Transcription]] (1540s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.icon._393_I) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich (Mair) Version]] (1540s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.icon._393_I) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Latin Transcription]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna (Mair) Latin Version]] (1550s)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Opus_Amplissimum_de_Arte_Athletica_(Cod.10825) edit]&#93;</span></p>
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅱ Transcription]] (1556)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Maister_Liechtenawers_Kunstbuech_(Cgm_3712) edit]&#93;</span><br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1556)&nbsp;<span class="noprint plainlinks" style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;[https://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Index:Maister_Liechtenawers_Kunstbuech_(Cgm_3712) edit]&#93;</span></p>
  
 
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+
{{#if: 1 | <span class="plainlinks"><small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115r.png}} 115r]&#93;</small>&nbsp;{{#if:  | [No text] | {{Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115r.png}} }}</span> | <div class="plainlinks">
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 +
</div> }} {{#if: 1 | <span class="plainlinks"><small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115v.png}} 115v]&#93;</small>&nbsp;{{#if:  | [No text] | {{Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115v.png}} }}</span> | <div class="plainlinks">
 +
<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115v.png}} 115v]&#93;</small>&nbsp;{{#if:  | [No text] | {{Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 115v.png}} }}
 +
</div> }} {{#if:1|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116r.1|{{#ifeq:116r.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 116r.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png|1}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:116r.1|{{#ifeq:116r.1|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 116r.1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 1]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png|1}} }}
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+
| {{#if:|<span class="plainlinks">{{#if:116r.2|{{#ifeq:116r.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 116r.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png|2}} }}</span>|<div class="plainlinks">
 +
{{#if:116r.2|{{#ifeq:116r.2|-||<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 116r.2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}|<small style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:text-bottom;">&#91;[{{fullurl:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png}} 2]&#93;</small>&nbsp;}}{{#if: | [No text] | {{#lst:Page:Cod.Pal.germ.430 116r.png|2}} }}
 +
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<tr>
 
<tr>
 
   <td> Translations </td>
 
   <td> Translations </td>
   <td> [[Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[Falko&nbsp;Fritz]] </td>
+
   <td> [[translator::Grzegorz&nbsp;Żabiński]], [[translator::Russell&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Mitchell]], [[translator::Falko&nbsp;Fritz]] </td>
   <td> [http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/leckuechner_cgm582/index.php Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf] </td>
+
   <td> [https://www.hammaborg.de/de/transkriptionen/leckuechner_cgm582/ Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf] </td>
 
   <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
   <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
Line 10,703: Line 10,817:
 
== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* [[Johannes Lecküchner|Lecküchner, Johannes]]. ''The Art of Swordsmanship by Hans Lecküchner''. Trans. by [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. Boydell Press, 2015. ISBN 9781783270286
+
{{#ask: [[type::book||article]] [[keyword::Johannes Lecküchner]]
 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
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 +
| ?editor
 +
| ?publisher
 +
| ?location
 +
| ?year
 +
| ?ISBN
 +
| ?titlelink
 +
| ?extra
 +
| ?permalink
 +
| ?article
 +
| ?journal
 +
| ?volume
 +
| ?issue
 +
| ?pages
 +
| ?doi
 +
| limit=500
 +
| link=none
 +
| sort=firstauthorlf,year
 +
| format=template
 +
| template=bibliography citation
 +
}}
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
Line 10,709: Line 10,850:
 
<div class="reflist references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="list-style-type: decimal"><references/></div>
 
<div class="reflist references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="list-style-type: decimal"><references/></div>
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lecküchner, Johannes}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lecküchner, Johannes}}
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
+
<table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;">
 +
  <tr>
 +
    <td style="padding:2px;">
 +
      <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;">
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="col" style="background:#b0c4de;" class="navbox-title" colspan="5">
 +
            <div class="" style="font-size:110%;">Early Germanic Traditions</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px;">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#dcdcdc;" colspan="3">Common Fencing</th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Fiore de'i Liberi]] (1400s)
 +
* [[Other Masters (14th Century)|"Other Masters"]] (1400s)
 +
* ''[[Die Blume des Kampfes]]'' (1420s-1623)
 +
* ''[[Gladiatoria group|Gladiatoria]]'' (1430s-40s)
 +
* [[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Picture Book]] (1465-80)
 +
* [[Philippo di Vadi]] (1482-87)
 +
* [[Ludwig VI von Eyb]] (1500)
 +
* ''[[Fechtbuchleinn (Cod.Guelf.1074.Novi)|Fechtbuchleinn]]'' (1500s)
 +
* ''[[Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)|Kölner Fechtregeln]]'' (1500s)
 +
* ''[[Stuck im aufstreichen]]'' (1500s)
 +
* [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] (1516)
 +
* [[Paulus Hector Mair]] (1540s)
 +
* [[Antonius Rast]] (1553)
 +
* ''[[Das Ander Theil Des Newen Kůnstreichen Fechtbůches (Cod.Guelf.83.4 Aug.8º)|Das Ander Theil Des Newen Kůnstreichen Fechtbůches]]'' (1591)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
          <td class="navbox-image" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="17">[[File:Johannes Liechtenauer reversed.jpg|200px]]</td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#dcdcdc;" colspan="3">Wrestling</th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* ''[[Das Buch von Füßringen]]'' (1490s-1500s)
 +
* [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Goliath Fechtbuch]] (1535-40)
 +
* ''[[Kunstlicher stuck Kämpffens Ringens und Werffens]]'' (1530s-40s)
 +
* [[Fabian von Auerswald]] (1539)
 +
* [[Paulus Hector Mair]] (1540s)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#dcdcdc;" rowspan="11">Liechtenauer<br/>Tradition</th>
 +
          <td style="width:2px;" rowspan="11"></td>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Beringer Verse</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[H. Beringer]] (1416-44)
 +
* [[Hans Folz]] (1479)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">[[Fellowship of Liechtenauer|Fellowship of<br/>Liechtenauer]]</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] (1448)
 +
* [[Peter Wildigans von Glatz]]
 +
* [[Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt]] (1452)
 +
* [[Hans Spindler von Znaim]]
 +
* [[Lamprecht von Prague]]
 +
* [[Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt]]
 +
* [[Andre Lignitzer]] (1450s)
 +
* [[Jacob Lignitzer]]
 +
* [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] (1500s)
 +
* [[Hartman von Nuremberg]]
 +
* [[Martin Huntsfeld]] (1450s)
 +
* [[Hans Pegnitzer]]
 +
* [[Philipp Perger]]
 +
* [[Virgil von Kraków]]
 +
* [[Dieterich Degenfechter von Braunschweig]]
 +
* [[Ott Jud]] (1448)
 +
* [[Hans Stettner von Mörnsheim]]
 +
* [[Paulus Kal]] (1470)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Augsburg Tradition</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Augsburg Group]] (1470s-1550s)
 +
* [[Nicolaüs]] (1489)
 +
* [[Jörg Wilhalm]] (1522-3)
 +
* [[Gregor Erhart]] (1533)
 +
* [[Paulus Hector Mair]] (1540s)
 +
* [[Antonius Rast]] (1553)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">[[Marxbrüder]]</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Hans Talhoffer]] (1448-67)
 +
* [[Peter Falkner]] (1490s)
 +
* [[Antonius Rast]] (1553)
 +
* [[Christoff Rösener]] (1579)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">[[Freifechter]]</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] (1516)
 +
* [[Joachim Meyer]] (1568-71)
 +
* [[Lienhart Sollinger]] (1588)
 +
* [[Michael Hundt]] (1611)
 +
* [[Jakob Sutor von Baden]] (1612)
 +
* [[Theodori Verolini]] (1679)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Other Works</div>
 +
          </th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* ''[[Anonymous 15th Century Poem|Anonymous Poem]]'' (1400s)
 +
* [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]] (1400s)
 +
* [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] (1450s)
 +
* [[Lew]] (1460s)
 +
* [[Johannes Lecküchner]] (1478-82)
 +
* [[Martin Syber]] (1491)
 +
* [[Andreas]] (1491)
 +
* [[Hugo Wittenwiler]] (1493)
 +
* [[Hans Medel|Hans Medel von Salzburg]] (ca. 1500)
 +
* [[Jobst von Württemberg]] (1533)
 +
* [[Heinrich von Gunterrodt]] (1579)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr style="height:2px">
 +
          <td></td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
        <tr>
 +
          <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#dcdcdc;" colspan="3">Fabris Tradition</th>
 +
          <td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist">
 +
            <div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
 +
* [[Salvator Fabris]] (1606)
 +
* [[Hans Wilhelm Schöffer von Dietz]] (1611-1620)
 +
* [[Sebastian Heußler]] (1615)
 +
* [[Joachim Köppen]] (1619)
 +
* [[G. A.]] (1639)
 +
* [[Johann Georg Pascha]] (1657-73)
 +
* ''[[Fechtbuch eines ungenannten Studenten (Cod.Guelf.264.23.Extrav.)|Fechtbuch eines ungenannten Studenten]]'' (1657)
 +
* [[Johann Daniel Lange]] (1664)
 +
* [[Johann Joachim Hynitzsch]] (1676)
 +
            </div>
 +
          </td>
 +
        </tr>
 +
      </table>
 +
    </td>
 +
  </tr>
 +
</table>
 
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Latest revision as of 16:05, 17 November 2023

Johannes Lecküchner
Born ca. 1430s
Nuremberg, Germany
Died December 31, 1482
Herzogenaurach, Germany
Occupation
Alma mater University of Leipzig
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer (?)
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Kunst des Messerfechtens
Archetype(s)
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Johannes Lecküchner Sig.jpg

Johannes Lecküchner (or Hans Lebkommer; ca. 1430s – 1482) was a 15th century German cleric and fencing master. He was born in the Nuremberg area, and in 1455 he was inscribed at the University of Leipzig. In 1457, he received the title of baccalaureus, and he was consecrated as a Catholic acolyte in 1459. At some point before creating his first manuscript in 1478, Lecküchner was consecrated as a priest. From 1480 until his death on December 31, 1482, he was employed as a communal priest in Herzogenaurach, Germany.[1] Lecküchner dedicated his fencing manual to Philip "the Upright" of Wittelsbach, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, but the nature of his connection to the duke remains unclear.[2]

Some 19th century scholars assumed that Lecküchner's name was a corruption of "Liechtenauer" and a reference to Johannes Liechtenauer, the grand master of the best-known German tradition. However, biographical information from historical records, as well as the colophon in the manuscript itself, thoroughly disproves this theory. Lecküchner's system of Messer fencing does, however, seem to be related in some way to the long sword teachings of Liechtenauer from earlier in the century. His teachings are organized in a similar fashion using similar terminology, and often his Recital (Zettel) is often nearly identical to that of Liechtenauer.

Two potentially-autograph copies of Lecküchner's treatise are preserved: the Cod. Pal. Germ. 430, completed in 1478, and the Cgm 582, completed on 19 January 1482 (the year of his death).[3] The Cgm 582 mentions in the last paragraph that a previous draft had been produced, which is presumed to be a reference to the CPG 430. Despite the Cgm 582 being the more extensive and elaborate of the two, it is the CPG 430 that seems to be the source for all later repetitions of Lecküchner's teachings. A slightly abridged version of this treatise (probably based on a lost intermediary) was included by Hans von Speyer in the MS M.I.29 in 1491, and similar (but not identical) abridged versions were reproduced by Gregor Erhart in 1533, Paulus Hector Mair in the 1540s, and Lienhart Sollinger in 1556.

Preceding the treatises of Lecküchner and Liechtenauer in the MS M.I.29 are brief notes by a Magister Andreas explaining equivalences in concepts and terminology between the two,[4] perhaps indicating that by this time Lecküchner's teachings had been integrated into the Liechtenauer school of fencing. This notion is further supported by the appearance of Lecküchner's Recital alongside Liechtenauer's in Marxbrüder captain Peter Falkner's treatise of ca. 1495.

One final note of interest is that in 1531, printer Christian Egenolff published a fencing anthology entitled Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst, and included in it a brief treatise on the Messer attributed to a certain Master Hans Lebkommer. This is either a misspelling or alternate rendering of "Lecküchner"; the text appears to be a brief summary of Lecküchner's teachings, intermingled with the Messer teachings of Andre Paurenfeyndt (uncredited). Since there is no indication that it was actually written by Lecküchner (who was long dead by that time), and in order to avoid confusion here, this otherwise anonymous treatise can be found on the Lebkommer page.

Treatise

The two manuscripts whose creation seems to have been personally overseen by Lecküchner contain a number of substantial differences, some of which can be interpreted as corrections in the later edition and others which are less explicable. In this compilation, they're treated as mutually-authoritative and translated separately; it's possible that a future version of this article will merge the translations together and describe the differences in footnotes. Both of these manuscripts were prepared late in Lecküchner's life based on one or more lost earlier versions. The Salzburg version seems likely to be a faithful copy of one of those versions, so it is presented in the first transcription column to illustrate how the text expanded over time.

The typical Wiktenauer style is to break up the Recital into verses in a standard fashion according to their rhyme scheme. In the case of Lecküchner, however, the Recital is already broken into discrete lines in most extant copies, but the precise separation varies from copy to copy. The format of the various copies has therefore been preserved in this table in order to allow comparison (even though that means leaving the Vienna version completely un-separated). In the translation, the verses that are common to multiple copies are rendered in red text, while the verses that are unique to Munich version Ⅰ appear in black text.

To view a version of this table without illustrations, see Johannes Lecküchner/No illustrations.

Additional Resources

[[:#ask: Johannes Lecküchner]]

References

  1. Julia and Carsten Lorbeer (in German). "Johannes Lecküchner - der fechtende Pfarrer". Ochs: Historische Kampfkünst e.V., 2002. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  2. Fencing master Ludwig VI von Eyb was a powerful noble in service to Philip from 1499 to 1504 (and possibly longer), but his writings demonstrate no connection to or awareness of those of Lecküchner.
  3. The Cgm 582 states on folio 216v that "This material was composed by the Reverend Johannes Lecküchner, at that time of the parish in Herzogenaurach, in the year of our Lord 1478, but this book was written and completed in the 82nd year on the eve of St. Sebastian." (Composita est materia illa per domine Johanne Lecküchner tunc tempore plebanus jn Hertzogaurach Anno domini M°CCCC° septuagesimo octauo sed iste librum Scriptum est et completus Anno 8° secundo jn vigilia sancti Sebastiani).
  4. Hans von Speyer. Untitled [manuscript]. MS M.I.29. Salzburg, Austria: Universitätsbibliothek Salzburg, 1491. ff 5r-7r
  5. Word scratched out.
  6. Unnecessary repetition, a scribe’s mistake.
  7. I.e., rapidly
  8. recept = Rezept (Hennig, S263)
  9. oder
  10. Auf der linken Blattseite befindet sich ein unbekanntes Zeichen, oder der Schreiber hat zu weit links angesetzt.
  11. oder
  12. schalt = Schwung (Hennig, S279)
  13. vmb süst = umsonst; sus = sunst (Baufeld, S231)
  14. Der Schreiber wollte wohl erst “deinem” schreiben
  15. sic : seinem
  16. I.e., avoid the stroke by means of bowing forwards.
  17. geschrieben
  18. Das Wort “pist” wurde nachträglich ergänzt.
  19. sic : deinnem
  20. sic : seinn
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 Text is cut off at the bottom of the page, but reconstructed from other copies.
  22. I.e., is faster or better
  23. Sa alt. von sar = gleich darauf, alsbald sodann (entweder alleine oder verstärkt durch sinnverwandte Ausdrücke) (Lexer, S205) end = ehe, bevor (Lexer, S43)
  24. Munich: "right".
  25. Munich: "right".
  26. Unknown word scraped away
  27. oder
  28. handt hab
  29. I.e., the point and the pommel.
  30. See Matthew 7:6
  31. oder
  32. Wort könnte von sambalde kommen = alsbald (Hennig, S276) oder sam = als (Hennig, S275)
  33. Könnte von senen = ersehnen kommen (Lexer, S225)
  34. Der Schreiber wollte wohl messer schreiben.
  35. sic : bis. rep.
  36. Müßte sinngemäß "In" heißen
  37. ge- = es kann vor alle Formen des Zeitworts treten, um die Handlung abzuschließen oder zu verstärken (Lexer, S60)
    rucke, rücke, ze ruck = zurück, nach hinten
  38. tener oder tenner bezeichnet die von der Rüstung nicht geschützte Handfläche. (Baufeld, S50)
  39. Sa alt. von sar = gleich darauf, alsbald sodann ( enweder alleine oder verstärkt durch sinnverwandte Ausdrücke ) ( Lexer, S205 )
    end = ehe, bevor ( Lexer, S43 )
  40. For armoured combat of Andreas Liegnitzer see von Danzig, 73r-79v. This teaching was copied (with some omissions) by Lew Jud, see Lew, 70r-83v. A technique based on a similar principle is featured in Lew, 79v-80r.
  41. gefast
  42. Das Zeichen könnte für einen Verweis auf eine andere Seite stehen, auf dem dieses F zu sehen ist. Diese Methode hat der Schreiber auch schon auf anderen Seiten angewandt.
  43. pinden = binden, fesseln (Baufeld, S34)
  44. gemelich = gemechlich = bedächtig, ruhig, langsam (Hennig, S108)
  45. kostlich = kostspielig, aufwendig (Hennig, S190)
  46. Im cpg430/46r heißt es “der verporgengriff“
  47. See Matthew 7:6.
  48. Das Wort sieht eigentlich wie „knorren“ aus.
  49. mug = mag
  50. Corrected from "din"
  51. nott
  52. oder
  53. dast könnte von dasten = tasten kommen (Hennig, S51)
  54. vber seyn danc = Gegen seinen Willen (Hennig, S50)
  55. Müßte eigentlich “deyn” heißen.
  56. vahen = greifen, fassen, einfangen (Lexer, S310)
  57. weifen = fuchteln, schwingen, schwencken (Grimm, Bd 28, Sp. 632, 5)
  58. Haspel [Garnwinde] (Hennig, S147)
  59. doch
  60. sambalde = alsbald oder sam = als (Hennig, S276)
  61. zäumen = gefangen nehmen (Baufeld, S254)
  62. “Item“ wurde nachträglich ergänzt
  63. albeg(en), alleweg = 1. immer, immer noch 2. überall (Baufeld, S6)
  64. oder
  65. abenteuerlich = ausgefallen, nicht alltäglich (Baufeld, S1)
  66. “auff deyn rechte” sieht wie durchgestrichen aus
  67. straufen = 1. die Haut abziehen, abstreifen 2. streuen. (Baufeld, S228)
  68. durchwechseln
  69. Wort zwischen “der” und “erst” wurde durchgestrichen.
  70. plüpflich = plötzlich (J.A. Schmeller, Bayerisches Wörterbuch, I,460)
  71. Links unten befindet sich eine kurze Notiz, die aber sehr schlecht lesbar ist.
  72. Links der Glosse befindet sich die handschiftliche Notiz einer anderen Hand
  73. Müßte sinngemäß “seynem” heißen.
  74. Schreiber wollte wohl “zu” schreiben.
  75. “Seynem” wurde mit “deynem” überschrieben.
  76. Zwischen den beiden Fechterfiguren befindet sich eine unleserliche Notiz, die mit anderer Hand geschrieben wurde. “man...”
  77. First written "deyner", then corrected.
  78. Abbreviatur sieht ähnlich aus wie “qd” aus, das für quondam steht (Cappelli, S306)
  79. Buchstabe g wurde mit einem f überschrieben
  80. prangen = prangen, glänzen (Hennig, S256)
  81. beiten = warten, zögern (Hennig, S24)
  82. Am unteren Rand des Blattes befindet sich der Schmuckbuchstabe B (164r), auf der darauf folgenden der Buchstabe A (164v). In cpg430 sind diese Seiten in umgekehrter Reihenfolge zu finden. Dieser Fehler läßt vermuten, daß der Zeichner die Abbildungen vertauscht hat und läßt der Schlußfolgerung zu, daß die Zeichnungen vor dem Text in die Handschift eingegangen sind.
  83. gen = geben (Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Willhelm Grimm,Bd. 5, Sp. 3342,21)
  84. gereicht zur Ehre
  85. poß = böse (Baufeld, S39)
  86. teding kommt von tedinc = (Zwei-)kampf (Henning, S236), dinc = ding (Baufeld, S52). tedingen = strafen, büßen (Baufeld, S49)
  87. nindert = keinesfalls, keineswegs, nirgendwo (Hennig, S243)
  88. Der Schreiber wollte scheinbar mit einem “v” ansetzen
  89. zäumen = gefangen nehmen (Baufeld, S254)
  90. Am Ende des Worts wurde ein Buchstabe wieder ausgestrichen
  91. Written as "Seyn" and then changed.
  92. Written as "deyn" and then changed.
  93. Corrected from "Lanck".
  94. leme = Lähmung (Hennig, S204)
  95. scharpff
  96. vürbaz = weiter, darüber hinaus (Hennig, S448)
  97. verworfen
  98. gagen = gegen: räumlich hin, zu, nach etwas (Lexer, S59/S63)
  99. stich
  100. graffeln = grabschen, greifen (Hennig, S138)
  101. Unter der Folierung 216 steht das Namenskürzel HC.
  102. Das Bild enthält die Worte: " 416 par fechter ". Scheinbar eine Zählung der abgebildeten Stücke.Eve. später von anderer Hand hinzugefügt.
  103. 19/20 January.
  104. Auflösung und Übersetzung nach Hils: “Der Gegenstand (dieses Buches) ist von mir, Johannes Lecküchner, derzeit Pfarrer in Herzogenaurach, im Jahre 1478 erarbeitet worden; dieses Buch aber wurde geschrieben und fertiggestellt im Jahre 1482 in der Nacht des Hl.Sebastian”
  105. Aristoteles, Metaphysica libri Ⅰ-Ⅳ, 4, lib. 1, cap. 1. Translatio “vetustissima”; Translatio Jacobi Venetici