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Difference between revisions of "Joachim Meyer"

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   | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 
   | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 
   | [[Achille Marozzo]]
 
   | [[Achille Marozzo]]
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   | [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]]
 
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'''Joachim Meyer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571)<ref name="Dupuis">[[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. ''Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat.'' Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.</ref> was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[Freifechter]] and [[fencing master]]. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including Italian rapier fencing.<ref name="Castle 74">[[Egerton Castle|Castle, Egerton]]. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=74}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.</ref> In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.<ref name="Naumann">Naumann, Robert. ''Serapeum.'' Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.</ref>
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'''Joachim Meyer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571)<ref name="Dupuis">[[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. ''Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat.'' Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.</ref> was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] cutler, [[Freifechter]], and [[fencing master]]. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the later years of his life he devised at least four distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including Italian rapier fencing.<ref name="Castle 74">[[Egerton Castle|Castle, Egerton]]. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=74}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.</ref> In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.<ref name="Naumann">Naumann, Robert. ''Serapeum.'' Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.</ref>
  
 
Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>The influence of [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise is, however, apparent in the rapier illustrations of his 1561 manuscript and the dagger plays in his book.</ref>
 
Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>The influence of [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise is, however, apparent in the rapier illustrations of his 1561 manuscript and the dagger plays in his book.</ref>
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== Treatises ==
 
== Treatises ==
  
Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in three manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund), the [[Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)|MS Bibl. 2465]] (Munich), and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock). Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
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Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in three manuscripts prepared in the 1560s: the 1561 [[Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)|MS Bibl. 2465]] (Munich), the 1568 [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund), and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var. 82]] (Rostock), which Meyer may have still been working at the time of his death in 1571. Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
  
The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Lew]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
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The first section of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he describes as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Lew]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
  
The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
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The second section of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurenfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
  
The third part of Meyer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/meyer-and-marozzo-dagger-comparison/ Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.</ref> and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the [[pike]]). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.
+
The third section of Meyer's treatise is omitted in the Lund manuscript but present in the Munich and the 1570, and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons; to this, the Munich adds several plays of armored fencing. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/meyer-and-marozzo-dagger-comparison/ Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.</ref> and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurenfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the [[pike]]). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.
  
 
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! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)|Munich Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)}}</p>
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<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
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| rowspan="2" | <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
 
  
 
<p>Well born Gracious Sir, Your Grace, my subservience and  willing service, is as every time before. Kindly Sir, It's not without particular Reasons that the Old Writings of the Knightly Free Art of Fencing  with all diligence, in their Books are praised and reposed and the Princes and gentlemen themselves, with earnestness Ordered namely but that more portions of Knightly Fighting and forthright strikes from there have arisen from trustworthy,credible words, that what through' splendid feelings for Manhood originated, for the Praise also thereby in the Highest Command and administration of War will be attained/revealed not solely in the History of the Greeks and Romans but is especially proven also through daily experience, that the training in various Knights games and Fencing, is learned with diligence, like those same  practices that came long before, and it is masterful with all speed. Then more to  our times Princes and Noblemen no less, Love it, and to the highest advancement than our Old Riders, how then also, You Grace, besides other free Arts, associates this manly Art with earnestness, and therefore I, Your grace, as an innocent Fencing Master, to this end, I must Instruct your grace which I in all Subservience and with willful courage have accepted, and while I am not alone, a particular beauty to such Art, but rather through Your Grace’s, merciful and consecrated will, you have sensed and found out about me I have no knowledge and Way but with it I, Your Grace, in such Art can subserviently serve and want to save, so this Fencing manual was put together, and all Stücken described, to Your Grace, and delivered in the subservient hope, that Your grace, would not only learn the techniques that are taught here, but through them thus they be cast in memory to be held, but rather also will swift and useful Stücken hence be learnt from not less than, thus, a similar Fencing master, that Your Grace will have had. I beg thus in subservience Your grace, wants a work such as mine, although unwary and minor a work, than that from one, Your grace, to all possible service in subservience and wholeheartedly, studiously flowed and graciously will accept. Of this will I, Your Grace, subserviently serve and wherewith I can pleasurably show, also to the Highest solicitude. May that the Almighty would confer on Your Grace, besides other prosperity, also long life in good health and Freedoms.</p>
 
<p>Well born Gracious Sir, Your Grace, my subservience and  willing service, is as every time before. Kindly Sir, It's not without particular Reasons that the Old Writings of the Knightly Free Art of Fencing  with all diligence, in their Books are praised and reposed and the Princes and gentlemen themselves, with earnestness Ordered namely but that more portions of Knightly Fighting and forthright strikes from there have arisen from trustworthy,credible words, that what through' splendid feelings for Manhood originated, for the Praise also thereby in the Highest Command and administration of War will be attained/revealed not solely in the History of the Greeks and Romans but is especially proven also through daily experience, that the training in various Knights games and Fencing, is learned with diligence, like those same  practices that came long before, and it is masterful with all speed. Then more to  our times Princes and Noblemen no less, Love it, and to the highest advancement than our Old Riders, how then also, You Grace, besides other free Arts, associates this manly Art with earnestness, and therefore I, Your grace, as an innocent Fencing Master, to this end, I must Instruct your grace which I in all Subservience and with willful courage have accepted, and while I am not alone, a particular beauty to such Art, but rather through Your Grace’s, merciful and consecrated will, you have sensed and found out about me I have no knowledge and Way but with it I, Your Grace, in such Art can subserviently serve and want to save, so this Fencing manual was put together, and all Stücken described, to Your Grace, and delivered in the subservient hope, that Your grace, would not only learn the techniques that are taught here, but through them thus they be cast in memory to be held, but rather also will swift and useful Stücken hence be learnt from not less than, thus, a similar Fencing master, that Your Grace will have had. I beg thus in subservience Your grace, wants a work such as mine, although unwary and minor a work, than that from one, Your grace, to all possible service in subservience and wholeheartedly, studiously flowed and graciously will accept. Of this will I, Your Grace, subserviently serve and wherewith I can pleasurably show, also to the Highest solicitude. May that the Almighty would confer on Your Grace, besides other prosperity, also long life in good health and Freedoms.</p>
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  | title = Introduction
 
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Sword L.png|center|400px]]
 
| rowspan="2" | <p>If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.</p>
 
| rowspan="2" | <p>If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.</p>
 
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! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
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  | title = 2 - Of the Divisions of the Mann, and of the Weapon, and of Their Use.
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/303|3|lbl=Ⅱ.76v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/304|1|lbl=Ⅱ.77r.1|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/303|3|lbl=Ⅱ.76v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/304|1|lbl=Ⅱ.77r.1|p=1}}
  
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! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/305|2|lbl=Ⅱ.77v.2}}
  
 
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/305|3|lbl=Ⅱ.77v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/306|1|lbl=Ⅱ.78r.1|p=1}}
  
 
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/306|3|lbl=Ⅱ.78r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/308|1|lbl=Ⅱ.79r.1|p=1}}
  
 
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|400px|center]]
| class="noline" |  
+
|  
| class="noline" |
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/308|2|lbl=Ⅱ.79r.2}}
  
|}
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|-
{{master subsection end}}
+
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 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/308|3|lbl=Ⅱ.79r.3}}
  
{{master subsection begin
+
|-
| title = Rostock
+
|  
| width = 90em
+
|  
}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/309|1|lbl=Ⅱ.79v.1}}
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Thomas Carrillo]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack C.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p><br/></p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/309|2|lbl=Ⅱ.79v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/310|1|lbl=Ⅱ.80r.1|p=1}}
  
<p>If you want to fence with one hand<br/>Know the twelve cuts<br/>the cuts and thrust right deceive<br/>the thrust with cutting right mutate</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|1|lbl=112r}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/310|2|lbl=Ⅱ.80r.2|p=1}} {{pagetb|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|311|lbl=Ⅱ.80v|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''12 cuts'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/312|1|lbl=Ⅱ.81r.1}}
{|
+
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Wrath Cut&emsp; || Waker&emsp; || Anger Cut
+
|  
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/312|2|lbl=Ⅱ.81r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/313|1|lbl=Ⅱ.81v.1|p=1}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Constrainer&emsp; || Danger Cut&emsp; || Winker
+
|  
 +
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/313|2|lbl=Ⅱ.81v.2}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| High Cut&emsp; || Low Cut&emsp; || Plunge Cut
+
|  
 +
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/313|3|lbl=Ⅱ.81v.3}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Middle Cut&emsp; || Change Cut&emsp; || Foot Cut
+
|  
|}
+
|  
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/313|4|lbl=Ⅱ.81v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/314|1|lbl=Ⅱ.82r.1|p=1}}
  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/314|2|lbl=Ⅱ.82r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Wrath Cut'''</p>
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|315|lbl=Ⅱ.82v}}
  
<p>What would be aimed at you<br/>The Wrath cut point beaks</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/316|1|lbl=Ⅱ.83r.1}}
  
<p>1a That is when you stand in the wrath cut and one cuts or thrust to you, then step sideways around his cut, and cut him with the point to the hand.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/316|2|lbl=Ⅱ.83r.2}}
  
<p>''handcut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/316|3|lbl=Ⅱ.83r.3}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Who cuts above to you<br/>Threaten him with the zornhauw</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/317|1|lbl=Ⅱ.83v.1}}
  
<p>2b That is almost the same as the previous, so one has cut from above, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his weapon with a step out. At the same time<ref name="indes">indes</ref> thrust over-hand<ref>palm up</ref> to his face. If he wards it, then cut to his foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/317|2|lbl=.83v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/318|1|lbl=Ⅱ.84r.1|p=1}}
  
<p>''overhang''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/318|2|lbl=Ⅱ.84r.2}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|1|lbl=112v}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/319|1|lbl=Ⅱ.84v.1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p><br/></p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/319|2|lbl=Ⅱ.84v.2}}
  
<p>3c If he cuts from above<ref>oberhauw</ref> to you, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his messer [sic] and step with the right foot to his right side, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind with the haft under on his blade through upwards over his right arm. Draw in the arm with the pomel to your body, fall in with the left hand also on the arm over the joint. Thrust with the left hand away from you and hold his hand with your pommel strong on your body so he must fall or be broken.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/320|1|lbl=.85r.1}}
  
<p>''Winding upward''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/320|2|lbl=Ⅱ.85r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>4d Item: Approach in left wrath cut, and he cuts a roof cut, then cut towards him from your left side, hard in his strong. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> hang the point to his left shoulder Over-hand; cut directly to the right leg.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/321|1|lbl=Ⅱ.85v.1}}
  
<p>''hanging with back of the hand.''</p>
+
|-  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|400px|center]]
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>5e Or allow a thrust to run though an undercut to the right hip. Or parry with a barring zornhauw from above downwards. Immediately<ref name="indes"/> thrust to his face. If he wards it, then cut a middle cut to his stomach and then step and cut long to his right with a step off.</p>
 
 
<p>''hip-thrust''</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|1|lbl=113r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/321|2|lbl=Ⅱ.85v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/322|1|lbl=.86r.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>6f Item: He cuts a high cut to you, then cut with the zornhauw, going through his strike from your right shoulder. The next to his foot.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/322|2|lbl=Ⅱ.86r.2}}
  
<p>''foot cut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/322|3|lbl=Ⅱ.86r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/323|1|lbl=Ⅱ.86v.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Waker'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/323|2|lbl=Ⅱ.86v.2}}
  
<p>7g The waker is thus: When you cut to your opponent, a high cut or low cut, then cut onto the strong of his blade, and don’t lift your blade from his weapon, but remain hard on his weapon, and thrust thus in the strike with sinking point to the opening. That’s why the verse says “wake deftly, wind the point to the face”.</p>
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/323|3|lbl=Ⅱ.86v.3}}
  
<p>''waker''</p>
+
|-  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{|
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/325|1|lbl=Ⅱ.87v.1}}
|-
+
 
| Item wake with the edge, pull quickly with stepping
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Item wake all encounters, if you want to fool the masters
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|400px|center]]
|}
+
|  
<p>8h When one shoots the point at your face as before, then slice with your long edge from below and step with the left<ref>‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it</ref> foot to his left, and with your right foot behind your left out to the side. At once<ref name="indes"/> wind your hand around so that the long edge is under, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> above, and your elbow stands upwards, thus thrust under your reversed hand to his stomach.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/325|2|lbl=Ⅱ.87v.2}}
  
<p>''reversed thrust''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/326|1|lbl=Ⅱ.88r.1}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|1|lbl=113v}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/326|2|lbl=Ⅱ.88r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''On the wake, from under'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/326|3|lbl=Ⅱ.88r.3}}
  
<p>9i When one cuts an undercut from the right onto your sword and winds at the same time<ref name="indes"/> the thrust under to your groin, then cut at the same time as the thrust with a footcut sideways from your left to your right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> quickly step to his right, and wind the point to his groin. Thus you do to him what he wanted to do to you. Of course, cut to his right node.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/327|1|lbl=Ⅱ.88v.1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Anger cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/327|2|lbl=Ⅱ.88v.2}}
  
<p>The anger cut would be namely used to run in to him, break his arm, and throw him, and similar techniques.</p>
+
|-  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|  
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>10k The anger cut is done thus: hold your messer or sword long before yourself, with the point out, and the hilt towards the ground near your forward foot. If one thrusts or cuts to you, then wind the long edge upwards, and parry strongly on his blade, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> change through with the point and thrust to the other side. Or, when you have thus parried, then quickly pull around your head, and cut him to the foot.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/327|3|lbl=.88v.3}}
  
<p>''here, one grabs the blade with the left hand''</p>
+
|-  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|1|lbl=114r}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{|
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/328|1|lbl=Ⅱ.89r.1}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier B.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/328|2|lbl=Ⅱ.89r.2}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
|  
|}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/328|3|lbl=Ⅱ.89r.3}}
<p>11l Item: Lay on him angrily, and he cuts or thrusts with rage onto you, then go onto his blade with strength. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> grab behind his hand with your left, reversed, hand. Jerk his right to yourself, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> quickly drive your haft up, over his arm. Push him, and at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind his elbow out back by his head. Throw him from you, and cut him to the neck. If he pulls out a dagger, then let go of his right hand, spring well towards his right side, stab him to the hip, with reversed hand, as with play 8h.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>12m Item: if one runs to you with a high cut or or thrust, then parry with the anger cut quickly under his sword, spring to him with your right behind his right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> catch his right hand with your left reversed hand, torque it upwards, over his right shoulder, and at the same time as all this, drive in with the pommel into his face, throw him thus. But if he grabs his dagger, then cut him with the long edge to the hand. Push from you, so he must fall.</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/328|4|lbl=.89r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/329|1|lbl=Ⅱ.89v.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|1|lbl=114v}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>13n Item: You have parried him with the anger cut as before, then grab his hand as before, and torque it up, and jerk it towards you so he can’t do anything. push your pommel strong on his joint, from below, so he wavers. Jerk his elbow strongly to your right; thus you break his arm.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/329|2|lbl=Ⅱ.89v.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>14o Item: Lay on him angrily, and if one cuts from above to you, or thrusts from above, then wind your hand and parry with straight long edge, so that your point hangs toward his left. Then wind from below up over his right arm by the hand, jerk it onto your breast, and wind your left side onto his right, and fall with the left arm, thus he must break.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/329|3|lbl=Ⅱ.89v.3}}
  
<p>''parry over-hand''</p>
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|1|lbl=115r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/329|4|lbl=.89v.4}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/330|1|lbl=Ⅱ.90r.1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Constrainer cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/330|2|lbl=Ⅱ.90r.2}}
  
<p>Constrainer is twofold: One, when your opponent uses a short sword<ref>“Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.</ref> and one with rapier.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/330|3|lbl=Ⅱ.90r.3}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>But being both constrainers are bundled here, I want to report to you that not much of either will be here. The constrainer in the rapier is thus: Stand with your right foot forward, your sword to your left side, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> against you.</p>
+
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/331|1|lbl=Ⅱ.90v.1}}
  
<p>''Constrainer''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/331|2|lbl=Ⅱ.90v.2}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/331|3|lbl=Ⅱ.90v.3}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The other with the short weapon is thus: stand with your left foot forward, hold your weapon before you, the long edge towards your opponent. The point towards the earth in front of your left foot. Both are useful for breaking the other constrainer.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/332|1|lbl=Ⅱ.91r.1}}
  
<p>''The other constrainer''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/332|2|lbl=Ⅱ.91r.2}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|6|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/332|3|lbl=Ⅱ.91r.3}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{|
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/332|4|lbl=Ⅱ.91r.4}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Constrain to the right, thrust left you will fence
+
|  
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/333|1|lbl=Ⅱ.91v.1}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| get through from the right, bring behind with the middle cut
+
|  
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/333|2|lbl=Ⅱ.91v.2}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Constrainer breaks what the buffalo thrusts or hits (or, hits or thrusts)
+
|  
|}
+
|  
<p>15p If you stand in the constrainer and one thrusts or hits you you, then cut it away from you, with the long edge from your left through to behind your right, and around your head. The second to his foot. Spring with the left well around his right.</p>
+
|
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|7|lbl=-}}
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/333|3|lbl=Ⅱ.91v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/335|1|lbl=Ⅱ.92v.1|p=1}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|1|lbl=115v}}
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier D.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/335|2|lbl=Ⅱ.92v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>16q Thus you lie in constrainer, and he thrusts to you, thus parry his thrust up, with the long edge from your breast, step at the same time<ref name="indes"/> with your left foot well around, or to his right. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade upwards over his from below, with the point to his groin.</p>
 
 
<p>''groin thrust''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>17r Constrainer. If one cuts or thrusts to you, then, with a step with your left foot to his right, cut from above down onto his blade, and hold it as you would with the waker, and thrust your point at the same time on his blade. This he must ward, and cut upwards. Thus he leaves his lower opening clear, and you win a full, nasty, blow to him. Do it well, so your middle cut comes through his stomach.</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/335|3|lbl=Ⅱ.92v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/336|1|lbl=Ⅱ.93r.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Danger cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/336|2|lbl=Ⅱ.93r.2}}
{|
+
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| dangercut with his cut/ wait for his shoulder and breast
+
|  
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/336|3|lbl=Ⅱ.93r.3}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| dangercut, show a change through meanwhile
+
|  
|}
+
|  
<p>'''waker'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/337|1|lbl=Ⅱ.93v.1}}
  
<p>18s Item: Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword on your left side. Middle cut to your opponent almost like with the constrainer. At the same time, step with your left around his right. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> cast the half edge<ref name="indes"/> with the point into his face, over his right arm. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind around and thrust before yourself further into his face. Pull around your head with a cut or thrust below to the nearest opening.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|1|lbl=116r}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/337|2|lbl=.93v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/338|1|lbl=Ⅱ.94r.1|p=1}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/338|2|lbl=Ⅱ.94r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>19t Item: Cast the point to his face as mentioned before. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade around and let the point change from above his right arm to below and thrust long under his sword to his stomach.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/338|3|lbl=Ⅱ.94r.3}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Cast the blade to his face as before with the half edge well through, let it hang over his right arm. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise around your head and cut him to the right hip, or foot, step with the left foot well around his right. Thus the play goes well.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/339|1|lbl=.94v.1}}
  
<p>''hip thrust''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/339|2|lbl=Ⅱ.94v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>20v Do the danger cut also from the right side. In the approach, spring with your right to his left, cast or hit him with the half edge towards his left through his face. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise your hilt upwards, pull around your head and cut him through to the left side, the next to the right through the cross, and step with the left foot well to his right.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|1|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|2|lbl=116v|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/339|3|lbl=Ⅱ.94v.2|p=3}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/340|1|lbl=.95r.1|p=1}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|6|lbl=-}}
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/340|2|lbl=Ⅱ.95r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Wincker'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/340|3|lbl=Ⅱ.95r.3}}
  
<p>You should shoot the winker<br/>and wake the masters with it<br/>In two ways learn the wincker<br/>to the left and to the right<br/>winck left and hit him<br/>cut right long, and you will confuse him<br/>if you want to deceive the masters<br/>you should enjoy the wincker<br/>what comes crooked or poorly<br/>the wecker straightens</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/341|1|lbl=Ⅱ.95v.1}}
  
<p>Wincker is nothing other than to threaten and then thrust elsewhere or else with cuts.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/341|2|lbl=Ⅱ.95v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G2.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>21x Item: In the approach, step and threaten him with an earnest thrust to his left shoulder, quickly pull towards yourself and thrust him to the lower right opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/343|1|lbl=Ⅱ.96v.1}}
  
<p>''a deception''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|1|lbl=117r}}
+
|  
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>22y Item: Step and threaten a high cut to his face, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind and cut quickly to his left foot.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/343|2|lbl=Ⅱ.96v.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{|  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/344|1|lbl=Ⅱ.97r.1}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Pull the encounters you will fool the masters
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G2.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/344|2|lbl=Ⅱ.97r.2}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| if he will bind to you pull quickly, thus you will find him
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G2.png|400px|center]]
|}
+
|  
<p>''Foot cut''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/344|3|lbl=Ⅱ.97r.3}}
  
<p>23z Item: If he gathers for a strike from the roof or otherwise, and you meet him, and he will bind to you, then pull quickly, and change through to the other side.</p>
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G2.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/345|1|lbl=Ⅱ.97v.1}}
  
<p>''change through''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier I.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/345|2|lbl=Ⅱ.97v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''High Cut'''</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/345|3|lbl=Ⅱ.97v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/347|1|lbl=Ⅱ.98v.1|p=1}}
  
<p>The high cut is the scalper, the driving is also done from it, also many techniques are ended with it.</p>
+
|-  
 
+
|  
<p>''High cut''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Cut a high cut to loosen him[?] but don’t let it hit, pull around and stab him in the groin from below. Raise your hilt back up, and step and cut to his right.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/347|2|lbl=Ⅱ.98v.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''High Thrust'''</p>
+
|  
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/347|3|lbl=Ⅱ.98v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/348|1|lbl=Ⅱ.99r.1|p=1}}
  
<p>Spring and thrust a high thrust from above long into his face, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind around with the haft towards his right, and cut him to the foot.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|1|lbl=117v}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/348|2|lbl=Ⅱ.99r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Thrust as before to his face, pull back towards yourself and cut through with a middle cut as broken down in technique 6, strike away with the long edge from your left side, and step and thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/348|3|lbl=Ⅱ.99r.3}}
  
<p>''Pulling''</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/348|4|lbl=Ⅱ.99r.4}}
  
<p>''setting aside''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/348|5|lbl=Ⅱ.99r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/349|1|lbl=Ⅱ.99v.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Under cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/349|2|lbl=Ⅱ.99v.2}}
  
<p>''Under cut''</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/349|3|lbl=Ⅱ.99v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/350|1|lbl=Ⅱ.100r.1|p=1}}
  
<p>Item: cut an undercut from your left side hard towards his right. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> step with your left to his right, wind your haft downwards, and stab him to the stomach.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/350|2|lbl=Ⅱ.100r.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Do an undercut from your right, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> step, wind the thrust under his to his stomach, step well with your right around his left, menwhile,<ref name="indes"/> raise your hilt upwards, cut to his arm. If he parries that pull through, thrust to his other opening.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: cut two undercuts one into the other along with their steps, thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/350|3|lbl=Ⅱ.100r.3}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|1|lbl=118r}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Do the two undercuts as before, and thrust to him from below to his groin. This goes for both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: when one cuts at you from below, then fall onto it with the long edge. As soon as you go onto him, travel after him with a thrust.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/351|1|lbl=Ⅱ.100v.1}}
 
 
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |
| <p>Item: Position yourself as you would the waker, thrust the point into his face.</p>
+
| class="noline" |  
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/351|2|lbl=Ⅱ.100v.2}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
  
<p>''Wake''</p>
+
{{master subsection begin
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
| title = How You Should Use the Weapon Along with a Sidearm
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 2.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Plunge cut'''</p>
+
{{pagetb|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|352|lbl=Ⅱ.101r|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|1|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.1|p=1}}
  
<p>Item: Thus you will go to him with the plunge cut: Thrust over hand, into his face, and cut him to his right leg. This goes for both sides.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|2|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Approach into the plunge to him and thrust long to his face. Pull the thrust back toward yourself and cut a middlecut directly through his stomach and winck meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> with the half edge to his left, and cut long to his right.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|3|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.3}}
  
<p>''pulling''</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|4|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.4}}
  
<p>''middle cut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|6|lbl=-}}
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|5|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.5}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>When one thus thrusts above to you, and will then middlecut through to you, then parry the thrust with the angercut, then middlecut.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/353|6|lbl=Ⅱ.101v.6}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|7|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Bar him so that he can’t come through with the long edge. Do this for cuts and thrusts from above[?], then cut to the next opportunity.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/355|1|lbl=Ⅱ.102v.1}}
  
<p>''Barring with the foot cut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/355|2|lbl=Ⅱ.102v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Middle cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/355|3|lbl=Ⅱ.102v.3}}
  
<p>Middlecut goes to the fencer with the greatest reach of the arm. Thus you should cut through with the middle cut to your opponent’s body.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/355|4|lbl=Ⅱ.102v.4}}
  
<p>''Middle cut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/355|5|lbl=Ⅱ.102v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/356|1|lbl=Ⅱ.103r.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Thrust to him strongly to the face, so that he must parry upwards, cut him right away with the middle cut. The middlecut goes with almost all thrust. Without it, it would be difficult to make any plays.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/356|2|lbl=Ⅱ.103r.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Change Cut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/356|3|lbl=Ⅱ.103r.3}}
  
<p>The change is done thus: Stand with the right foot forward, your weapon near you to the left side, with the point to the earth, the half edge up. If one cuts or thrusts to you, take it away with the half edge, and cut him to the foot.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/356|4|lbl=Ⅱ.103r.4}}
  
<p>''change''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/357|1|lbl=Ⅱ.103v.1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: If one thrusts or hits to you, then parry with the long edge, and wind to him with the top of your blade up and over his blade, the point into his face.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/357|2|lbl=Ⅱ.103v.2}}
  
<p>''Setting aside''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/358|1|lbl=Ⅱ.104r.1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Parry as before with the long edge, and cut two undercuts hard into each other. Thrust and cut him from the roof. Or when you have done the undercuts, then straight away cut a middlecut and high cut through the cross.</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/358|1|lbl=Ⅱ.104r.1|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/359|1|lbl=Ⅱ.104v.1|p=1}}
  
<p>''double undercut''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|1|lbl=119r}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/359|2|lbl=Ⅱ.104v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: Take away his thrust with the changer, let it travel around your head and threaten a thrust to his right. Don’t let it connect, instead hit him to the left. When one lies in the change before you, then cut from your right shoulder towards his opening. Thwart across onto his sword, so he can’t come to complete parrying. He must leave openings above and below, giving you room to stay and cut. Just take heed of the traveling after.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/359|3|lbl=Ⅱ.104v.3}}
  
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
+
|-  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Another; if one lies in the changer, then thrust from your right side from below to his body, thus he must defend or be hit, then he leaves room for you to thrust or cut his lower left opening.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/359|4|lbl=Ⅱ.104v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/360|1|lbl=Ⅱ.105r.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Footcut'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/360|2|lbl=Ⅱ.105r.2}}
  
<p>Foot cut is a distinguished cut in the Rapier, you do it to your opponent in almost all plays. Seeing that it’s so often repeated, I will briefly show its properties.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/360|3|lbl=Ⅱ.105r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/361|1|lbl=Ⅱ.105v.1|p=1}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Position yourself in the bastion or Anger cut. If one cuts or thrusts, then parry upwards with the long edge and cut the other to the foot. In sum, if you want to cut to the foot, thus lay on as he does to you, thrust or hit along with his weapon and drive the parrying up high. With that you have room to cut a nasty cut.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|1|lbl=119v}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The foot cut is broken with a simultaneous cut to the foot. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> as it clashes, then wind the point to the body or an opening. Take heed of the slice in the traveling after.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/361|2|lbl=Ⅱ.105v.2}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{|
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/361|3|lbl=Ⅱ.105v.3}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Take heed of the hard slice yet in all dangers
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/361|4|lbl=Ⅱ.105v.4}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| in the slice learn the setting aside cuts and thrusts artfully impede
+
|  
|}
+
|  
<p>'''A good throw:'''</p>
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/361|5|lbl=Ⅱ.105v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/363|1|lbl=Ⅱ.106v.1|p=1}}
  
<p>If one thrusts to you to the right, thus spring well to his right side, and fall with your sword onto his sword by the strong, and catch his right arm with your left hand, hard behind his hand on top. Torque the hand around upwards to his right ear, and grab with the pommel and hand on the elbow, throw him thus from you with the left foot behind his right foot.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/363|2|lbl=Ⅱ.106v.2}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The first and foremost posture in the Rapier is the long point. It is done thus: stand with the right foot forward, the sword long before you, the point towards the opponent. The long edge below, the half edge above. The point always higher than the hilt.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/363|3|lbl=Ⅱ.106v.3}}
  
<p>''Postures in the Rapier''</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|1|lbl=120r}}
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/363|4|lbl=Ⅱ.106v.4}}
  
|-
+
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Ward away thrusts or blows in the posture thus: If one thrusts over your parrying, then set it aside, if he’s weak, move in to him with the slice off, and meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> seek the opening with the point.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: If one thrusts to you under your parrying, then slice it, hand the point to his face, if he wards the point, then pull and thrust and cut him to the hand or arm.</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/363|5|lbl=Ⅱ.106v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/364|1|lbl=Ⅱ.107r.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The second posture, Bastion'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/364|2|lbl=Ⅱ.107r.2}}
  
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, hold the sword long from you with the point toward the earth, so that the half edge stands above. If one cuts or thrust to you, slice it away from both sides.</p>
+
|-  
 
+
|  
<p>Item: Step and stab long, will you fight.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Ox, the third posture'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/364|3|lbl=Ⅱ.107r.3}}
  
<p>Stand upright with your left side towards your opponent, your feet near one another, hold your sword to your right, the half edge towards your left arm, the point towards your opponent.</p>
+
|-
 
 
<p>A teaching; how one should principally fight from the ox</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>learn winding away, long over-hand you will end cuts and thrust</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/365|1|lbl=Ⅱ.107v.1}}
  
<p>'''Boar, the fourth posture'''</p>
+
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/365|2|lbl=Ⅱ.107v.2}}
  
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, the haft next to your right knee, the point towards the opponent.</p>
+
|}
 
+
{{master subsection end}}
<p>Item: A good teaching on fighting from the boar.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Rostock Rapier Chapter
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
|-
|
+
! <p>Figures</p>
| <p>Take heed of the before and after<br/>To the shooting through, you should consider<br/>Shooting through, changing, learn<br/>slicing away, pulling, with that you’ll injure.</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Thomas Carrillo]]</p>
 
+
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
<p>'''A play with the long point; the first'''</p>
 
 
 
<p>Item: Spring to him, and point your thrust to his face, and quickly thrust to his lower opening. This play is done when one lies with his sword below his belt. But if he lies above his belt with his sword, then thrust to him below and pull quickly to the upper opening, then also cut to his foot.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A play from the Bastion'''</p>
+
| <p><br/></p>
  
<p>If he hits or thrusts to you, then displace upwards hard with the long edge. Cut directly up across from below onto his arm or through his body. Thrust to him with a winding thrust to his right lower opening, long from yourself, wind with a step to his right. Pull around your head, and cut him to the right leg with well stretched arm so that he may not reach you, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> step backwards with your feet together and cut him high to the head.</p>
+
<p>If you want to fence with one hand<br/>Know the twelve cuts<br/>the cuts and thrust right deceive<br/>the thrust with cutting right mutate</p>
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|1|lbl=112r}}
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|1|lbl=121r|p=1}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A play from the ox'''</p>
+
| <p>'''12 cuts'''</p>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Wrath Cut&emsp; || Waker&emsp; || Anger Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Constrainer&emsp; || Danger Cut&emsp; || Winker
 +
|-
 +
| High Cut&emsp; || Low Cut&emsp; || Plunge Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Middle Cut&emsp; || Change Cut&emsp; || Foot Cut
 +
|}
  
<p>When you thrust in ochs, scalp from below with the half edge through his body and face with a step off, cut straight away running to his right side, but don’t let it hit, step with your left around your right. Wind at the same time<ref name="indes"/> and make the undercut a thrust to the right hip. Then the right leg with the undercut.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another from the ox'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Wrath Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>What would be aimed at you<br/>The Wrath cut point beaks</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>1a That is when you stand in the wrath cut and one cuts or thrust to you, then step sideways around his cut, and cut him with the point to the hand.</p>
  
<p>Thrust and step with your right foot and with your point long into his face. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind toward your left with your haft. Step and cut to his right leg. This goes on both sides.</p>
+
<p>''handcut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A play from the boar'''</p>
+
| <p>Who cuts above to you<br/>Threaten him with the zornhauw</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>2b That is almost the same as the previous, so one has cut from above, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his weapon with a step out. At the same time<ref name="indes">indes</ref> thrust over-hand<ref>palm up</ref> to his face. If he wards it, then cut to his foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
  
<p>The play written after is a breaking of the changer.</p>
+
<p>''overhang''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|1|lbl=112v}}
|
 
| <p>Item: Step and thrust from the board hard from below. Thwart up to his face, this he must parry from below, and open himself, leaving you free to hit his left side or foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|1|lbl=121v}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If you wish to fence with one hand<br/>Know how to break the postures</p>
+
| <p><br/></p>
  
<p>'''Breaking the long point 1'''</p>
+
<p>3c If he cuts from above<ref>oberhauw</ref> to you, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his messer [sic] and step with the right foot to his right side, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind with the haft under on his blade through upwards over his right arm. Draw in the arm with the pomel to your body, fall in with the left hand also on the arm over the joint. Thrust with the left hand away from you and hold his hand with your pommel strong on your body so he must fall or be broken.</p>
  
<p>Item: If he lies in the longpoint against you, then approach him in the change, take his sword away the the half edge, your strong on his weak, and cut long to the nearest opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
+
<p>''Winding upward''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item: If one will take away your forward parrying, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> as the blades meet, let your blade run around your head, and cut his right leg; from whichever side he took your blade away, hit him to that side.</p>
+
| <p>4d Item: Approach in left wrath cut, and he cuts a roof cut, then cut towards him from your left side, hard in his strong. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> hang the point to his left shoulder Over-hand; cut directly to the right leg.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>''hanging with back of the hand.''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Breaking the bastion'''</p>
+
| <p>5e Or allow a thrust to run though an undercut to the right hip. Or parry with a barring zornhauw from above downwards. Immediately<ref name="indes"/> thrust to his face. If he wards it, then cut a middle cut to his stomach and then step and cut long to his right with a step off.</p>
  
<p>If one lays in the bastey, then stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword near your right side, the point towards the earth, away from you. Step and strike to him with the half edge from below, angling upward through his face. Let the thwart run off to the left side; cut to his right knee.</p>
+
<p>''hip-thrust''</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|1|lbl=122r|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|1|lbl=113r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Breaking the Ox'''</p>
+
| <p>6f Item: He cuts a high cut to you, then cut with the zornhauw, going through his strike from your right shoulder. The next to his foot.</p>
  
<p>Step and cut from your right side from below his weapon to his left arm, with the weak of your long edge. The other, strike again into his left, stepping more with the tho strikes well around his left side.</p>
+
<p>''foot cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Breaking the boar'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Waker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>7g The waker is thus: When you cut to your opponent, a high cut or low cut, then cut onto the strong of his blade, and don’t lift your blade from his weapon, but remain hard on his weapon, and thrust thus in the strike with sinking point to the opening. That’s why the verse says “wake deftly, wind the point to the face”.</p>
  
<p>Item: Thrust from your left side in the approach quickly overhand towards his breast, as soon as he will parry, then pull around your head, and cut him to the right arm. In the strike, step well around his right side.</p>
+
<p>''waker''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Mark, this aforewritten breaking of the posture must be done deftly, as soon as you take up a posture to him, he becomes aware of your play. When you don’t hold the ‘before’, then your breaking will not go well, as when you took up a posture.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Item wake with the edge, pull quickly with stepping
 +
|-
 +
| Item wake all encounters, if you want to fool the masters
 +
|}
 +
<p>8h When one shoots the point at your face as before, then slice with your long edge from below and step with the left<ref>‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it</ref> foot to his left, and with your right foot behind your left out to the side. At once<ref name="indes"/> wind your hand around so that the long edge is under, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> above, and your elbow stands upwards, thus thrust under your reversed hand to his stomach.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''reversed thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|1|lbl=113v}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>This aforewritten fencing I have drawn from the old verses and taken it together with the sword in one hand, but now I wish to write on the rapier fencing in my own opinion, which befits attribution itself.</p>
+
| <p>'''On the wake, from under'''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|1|lbl=122v}}
+
 
 +
<p>9i When one cuts an undercut from the right onto your sword and winds at the same time<ref name="indes"/> the thrust under to your groin, then cut at the same time as the thrust with a footcut sideways from your left to your right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> quickly step to his right, and wind the point to his groin. Thus you do to him what he wanted to do to you. Of course, cut to his right node.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[???]Though the big and strong people sully you, rethink confrontation, and remember your art besides that despise<br/>their advantage you I pay little attention<br/>then believe me all the time<br/>the presumptuous despiser, he is with uneven swings<br/>therefrom I will say no more<br/>many fine heroes do lament the boxing[???]</p>
+
| <p>'''Anger cut'''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>The anger cut would be namely used to run in to him, break his arm, and throw him, and similar techniques.</p>
| [[File:MS Var.82 123r.png|400x400px|center]]
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|3|lbl=-}}
|
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 123r.png|1|lbl=123r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>10k The anger cut is done thus: hold your messer or sword long before yourself, with the point out, and the hilt towards the ground near your forward foot. If one thrusts or cuts to you, then wind the long edge upwards, and parry strongly on his blade, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> change through with the point and thrust to the other side. Or, when you have thus parried, then quickly pull around your head, and cut him to the foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>''here, one grabs the blade with the left hand''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|1|lbl=114r}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
{|
 +
|-
 +
| <br/>
 +
|-
 +
| <br/>
 +
|}
 +
<p>11l Item: Lay on him angrily, and he cuts or thrusts with rage onto you, then go onto his blade with strength. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> grab behind his hand with your left, reversed, hand. Jerk his right to yourself, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> quickly drive your haft up, over his arm. Push him, and at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind his elbow out back by his head. Throw him from you, and cut him to the neck. If he pulls out a dagger, then let go of his right hand, spring well towards his right side, stab him to the hip, with reversed hand, as with play 8h.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>12m Item: if one runs to you with a high cut or or thrust, then parry with the anger cut quickly under his sword, spring to him with your right behind his right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> catch his right hand with your left reversed hand, torque it upwards, over his right shoulder, and at the same time as all this, drive in with the pommel into his face, throw him thus. But if he grabs his dagger, then cut him with the long edge to the hand. Push from you, so he must fall.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|1|lbl=114v}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>13n Item: You have parried him with the anger cut as before, then grab his hand as before, and torque it up, and jerk it towards you so he can’t do anything. push your pommel strong on his joint, from below, so he wavers. Jerk his elbow strongly to your right; thus you break his arm.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|1|lbl=124v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>14o Item: Lay on him angrily, and if one cuts from above to you, or thrusts from above, then wind your hand and parry with straight long edge, so that your point hangs toward his left. Then wind from below up over his right arm by the hand, jerk it onto your breast, and wind your left side onto his right, and fall with the left arm, thus he must break.</p>
 +
 +
<p>''parry over-hand''</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|1|lbl=115r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>'''Constrainer cut'''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>Constrainer is twofold: One, when your opponent uses a short sword<ref>“Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.</ref> and one with rapier.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>But being both constrainers are bundled here, I want to report to you that not much of either will be here. The constrainer in the rapier is thus: Stand with your right foot forward, your sword to your left side, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> against you.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
+
 
 +
<p>''Constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>The other with the short weapon is thus: stand with your left foot forward, hold your weapon before you, the long edge towards your opponent. The point towards the earth in front of your left foot. Both are useful for breaking the other constrainer.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>''The other constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|6|lbl=-}}
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
{|
 
+
|-  
|-
+
| Constrain to the right, thrust left you will fence
| class="noline" |
+
|-  
| class="noline" |
+
| get through from the right, bring behind with the middle cut
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126v.png|1|lbl=126v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 127r.png|1|lbl=127r|p=1}}
+
|-
 
+
| Constrainer breaks what the buffalo thrusts or hits (or, hits or thrusts)
 
|}
 
|}
{{master subsection end}}
+
<p>15p If you stand in the constrainer and one thrusts or hits you you, then cut it away from you, with the long edge from your left through to behind your right, and around your head. The second to his foot. Spring with the left well around his right.</p>
{{master end}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|7|lbl=-}}
  
{{master begin
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|1|lbl=115v}}
| title = Additional cutting diagrams
 
| width = 100%
 
}}
 
  
{{master subsection begin
 
| title = Lund Diagrams
 
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="master"
 
 
|-
 
|-
! <p>Figures</p>
+
|
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
+
| <p>16q Thus you lie in constrainer, and he thrusts to you, thus parry his thrust up, with the long edge from your breast, step at the same time<ref name="indes"/> with your left foot well around, or to his right. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade upwards over his from below, with the point to his groin.</p>
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
  
|-
+
<p>''groin thrust''</p>
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|2|lbl=-}}
|
 
| {{paget|MS A..2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A..2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
+
| <p>17r Constrainer. If one cuts or thrusts to you, then, with a step with your left foot to his right, cut from above down onto his blade, and hold it as you would with the waker, and thrust your point at the same time on his blade. This he must ward, and cut upwards. Thus he leaves his lower opening clear, and you win a full, nasty, blow to him. Do it well, so your middle cut comes through his stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
+
| <p>'''Danger cut'''</p>
 
+
{|
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| dangercut with his cut/ wait for his shoulder and breast
|
 
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
 
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| class="noline" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| dangercut, show a change through meanwhile
| class="noline" |
 
| class="noline" | {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
 
 
 
|}
 
|}
{{master subsection end}}
+
<p>'''waker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>18s Item: Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword on your left side. Middle cut to your opponent almost like with the constrainer. At the same time, step with your left around his right. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> cast the half edge<ref name="indes"/> with the point into his face, over his right arm. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind around and thrust before yourself further into his face. Pull around your head with a cut or thrust below to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|1|lbl=116r}}
  
{{master subsection begin
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|2|lbl=-}}
| title = Rostock Diagrams
 
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
+
| <p>19t Item: Cast the point to his face as mentioned before. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade around and let the point change from above his right arm to below and thrust long under his sword to his stomach.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cast the blade to his face as before with the half edge well through, let it hang over his right arm. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise around your head and cut him to the right hip, or foot, step with the left foot well around his right. Thus the play goes well.</p>
  
<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
+
<p>''hip thrust''</p>
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|4|lbl=-}}
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
 
.d. . . . . . Parting line<br/>
 
.e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line<br/>
 
.f. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 
.g. . . . . . hand line</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>20v Do the danger cut also from the right side. In the approach, spring with your right to his left, cast or hit him with the half edge towards his left through his face. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise your hilt upwards, pull around your head and cut him through to the left side, the next to the right through the cross, and step with the left foot well to his right.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|1|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|2|lbl=116v|p=1}}
  
<p>.&#x0023;. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|6|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| rowspan="6" | [[File:MS Var.82 002v.png|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The First Rule:}}</p>
+
| <p>'''Wincker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>You should shoot the winker<br/>and wake the masters with it<br/>In two ways learn the wincker<br/>to the left and to the right<br/>winck left and hit him<br/>cut right long, and you will confuse him<br/>if you want to deceive the masters<br/>you should enjoy the wincker<br/>what comes crooked or poorly<br/>the wecker straightens</p>
  
<p>In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.</p>
+
<p>Wincker is nothing other than to threaten and then thrust elsewhere or else with cuts.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|1|lbl=003r}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>21x Item: In the approach, step and threaten him with an earnest thrust to his left shoulder, quickly pull towards yourself and thrust him to the lower right opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
  
<p>As often as you have use in binding with the weapons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
+
<p>''a deception''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|1|lbl=117r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>22y Item: Step and threaten a high cut to his face, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind and cut quickly to his left foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Third Rule:}}</p>
+
|  
 +
|
 +
{|  
 +
|-
 +
| Pull the encounters you will fool the masters
 +
|-
 +
| if he will bind to you pull quickly, thus you will find him
 +
|}
 +
<p>''Foot cut''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>23z Item: If he gathers for a strike from the roof or otherwise, and you meet him, and he will bind to you, then pull quickly, and change through to the other side.</p>
  
<p>The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.</p>
+
<p>''change through''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 4. Rule:}}</p>
+
|  
 +
| <p>'''High Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The high cut is the scalper, the driving is also done from it, also many techniques are ended with it.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''High cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
<p>As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cut a high cut to loosen him[?] but don’t let it hit, pull around and stab him in the groin from below. Raise your hilt back up, and step and cut to his right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 5. Rule:}}</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>'''High Thrust'''</p>
  
<p>Your work drive to first to the Feeble,<br/>than to the Strength, than to the body.</p>
+
<p>Spring and thrust a high thrust from above long into his face, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind around with the haft towards his right, and cut him to the foot.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|1|lbl=117v}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| class="noline" | <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
+
|  
 +
| <p>Item: Thrust as before to his face, pull back towards yourself and cut through with a middle cut as broken down in technique 6, strike away with the long edge from your left side, and step and thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Pulling''</p>
  
<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
+
<p>''setting aside''</p>
In the Strength you may rush him twice.<br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|2|lbl=-}}
Between the binding displace well<br/>
+
 
and hard work in all engagement<br/>
+
|-
The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it<br/>
+
|  
In all engagements look out for the cut<br/>
+
| <p>'''Under cut'''</p>
In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust)<br/>
 
Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening,<br/>
 
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
 
| class="noline" |
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
 
  
|}
+
<p>''Under cut''</p>
{{master subsection end}}
 
{{master end}}
 
  
{{master begin
+
<p>Item: cut an undercut from your left side hard towards his right. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> step with your left to his right, wind your haft downwards, and stab him to the stomach.</p>
| title = Dagger
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|3|lbl=-}}
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>Item: Do an undercut from your right, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> step, wind the thrust under his to his stomach, step well with your right around his left, menwhile,<ref name="indes"/> raise your hilt upwards, cut to his arm. If he parries that pull through, thrust to his other opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>Item: cut two undercuts one into the other along with their steps, thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|1|lbl=118r}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>Item: Do the two undercuts as before, and thrust to him from below to his groin. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>Item: when one cuts at you from below, then fall onto it with the long edge. As soon as you go onto him, travel after him with a thrust.</p>
  
|-
+
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|400px|center]]
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|3|lbl=-}}
|
 
|  
 
  
|-  
+
|-
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
+
|  
| class="noline" |
+
| <p>Item: Position yourself as you would the waker, thrust the point into his face.</p>
| class="noline" |
 
  
|}
+
<p>''Wake''</p>
{{master end}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
{{master begin
+
|-
| title = Polearms
 
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Plunge cut'''</p>
  
<p><br/>I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.</p>
+
<p>Item: Thus you will go to him with the plunge cut: Thrust over hand, into his face, and cut him to his right leg. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16r}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Of the Lyings or Guards.'''</p>
+
| <p>Item: Approach into the plunge to him and thrust long to his face. Pull the thrust back toward yourself and cut a middlecut directly through his stomach and winck meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> with the half edge to his left, and cut long to his right.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''pulling''</p>
  
<p>There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.</p>
+
<p>''middle cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|6|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
+
| <p>When one thus thrusts above to you, and will then middlecut through to you, then parry the thrust with the angercut, then middlecut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|7|lbl=-}}
  
<p>Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16v}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Lower Guard'''</p>
+
| <p>Bar him so that he can’t come through with the long edge. Do this for cuts and thrusts from above[?], then cut to the next opportunity.</p>
  
<p>Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.</p>
+
<p>''Barring with the foot cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
 
 
 
<p>For these, arrange yourself like this: stand with the right foot forward and hold your staff with the middle part at your left hip, so that the shorter end and the butt point toward your opponent, but the longer end points behind you. Show your right side to him well, as you see in the lower picture in Figure A on the right hand side. The Middle Guard is the straight defence in front of the opponent, from which most fence.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|1|lbl=Ⅲ.17v|p=1}}
+
| <p>'''Middle cut'''</p>
  
|-
+
<p>Middlecut goes to the fencer with the greatest reach of the arm. Thus you should cut through with the middle cut to your opponent’s body.</p>
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
 
  
<p>In this, arrange yourself like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the fore end in front of your left foot on the ground, and the butt with outstretched arms in front of your face, all such as you can see in the second picture on the left hand side in the previous picture. You should also do the guard like this: stand with right foot forward and hold your staff behind you, also with the fore end on the ground, so you can strike deftly.</p>
+
<p>''Middle cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Of the binds and the defences of the staff; also its parts.'''</p>
+
| <p>Item: Thrust to him strongly to the face, so that he must parry upwards, cut him right away with the middle cut. The middlecut goes with almost all thrust. Without it, it would be difficult to make any plays.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
<p>The staff is divided into four parts, just as was taught previously of the other weapons. There are also four binds, and the first bind is performed at the fore end or outermost part of the staff; the second in front of the hand which is foremost on the staff; the third in the middle of the staff; the fourth will be performed with the butt end through the entering. You should especially be aware and take care of these parts and binds, because different techniques are appropriate to different parts, namely, in the first part and bind, the blow and flying thrust, in the second, staying in the winding and travelling after, and furthermore in the second entering and wrestling.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>There are also four principle defences with the staff, like the binds: the first with the fore end of the staff from both sides, the second in front of the hand, the third in the middle, and the fourth is performed with the butt end. The while all such in techniques is enough to understand, is without ?? difficulties ??? to handle.</p>
+
| <p>'''Change Cut'''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18r}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>The change is done thus: Stand with the right foot forward, your weapon near you to the left side, with the point to the earth, the half edge up. If one cuts or thrusts to you, take it away with the half edge, and cut him to the foot.</p>
|
 
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
 
  
<p>In the approach put yourself in the Upper Guard, and notice as soon as he thrusts toward your left side, then step on your right side away from his thrust, and thrust in at him at the same time he thrusts at you, then wind the long edge against his staff; so he misses with his blow, and you connect with yours.</p>
+
<p>''change''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>However, if he thrusts toward your right, then step away from his thrust toward your left side, and thrust in with him again the same as before.</p>
+
| <p>Item: If one thrusts or hits to you, then parry with the long edge, and wind to him with the top of your blade up and over his blade, the point into his face.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|3|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>''Setting aside''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The second piece from the Upper Guard'''</p>
+
| <p>Item: Parry as before with the long edge, and cut two undercuts hard into each other. Thrust and cut him from the roof. Or when you have done the undercuts, then straight away cut a middlecut and high cut through the cross.</p>
  
<p>Mark, in the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard. If he thrusts from above or below to the body, then step (when he thrusts to one side of you) away from his thrust to the other side, and strike while stepping out at the same time from above downward on his forward hand, and mark diligently, if he draws back the same, then thrust straight ahead toward his face.</p>
+
<p>''double undercut''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|1|lbl=119r}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike him from above down through his staff, and tear out, and strike with one hand.'''</p>
+
| <p>Item: Take away his thrust with the changer, let it travel around your head and threaten a thrust to his right. Don’t let it connect, instead hit him to the left. When one lies in the change before you, then cut from your right shoulder towards his opening. Thwart across onto his sword, so he can’t come to complete parrying. He must leave openings above and below, giving you room to stay and cut. Just take heed of the traveling after.</p>
  
<p>In the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard to the left, that is, so that the fore end or longer part of your staff stands up over your left shoulder, and thus step toward him with your left foot forward; if he thrusts toward your face or chest, then spring well away from his thrust toward his right side, and strike down from above with your staff (which you should be holding fast in both hands) full through on the middle of his staff, so that through this blow you come into the Right Lower Guard; from this (where he would further thrust to your face) tear with the half edge up toward your left shoulder again. While you tear upward like this, give your staff a swing with your left hand, and in this swing let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand from your right over across toward his temple. The upper blow should quickly happen together with the tear, as soon and while this blow connects, then grip your staff with your left hand again, and bring it back into the straight defence.</p>
+
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
+
| <p>Another; if one lies in the changer, then thrust from your right side from below to his body, thus he must defend or be hit, then he leaves room for you to thrust or cut his lower left opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
<p>Mark, when you strike from above through his staff like this, and after you have torn up again from below, and your left hand together with the fore end of your staff has come upright again, then at once turn up your right hand together with the butt as well, and ? the same ?, lower the fore end with your left hand near your left out to the side, and turn the forward longer part of the staff again up toward his right. This must all happen in a ?. Thrust as then further with a step out straight toward his face, but be careful that you don't turn your right hand downward again to your chest in thrusting, but rather shift the same also well at your chest and inward at your left arm in thrusting ahead of you in to him. So, from the Upper Guard you have learned: firstly, how you should step out and thrust at the same time at him; secondly, striking at his staff down from above and thrusting afterward; thirdly, how you break down through against his staff from above, and tear up from below; lastly, how you should make a deceptive thrust.</p>
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19r|p=1}}
+
| <p>'''Footcut'''</p>
  
|-
+
<p>Foot cut is a distinguished cut in the Rapier, you do it to your opponent in almost all plays. Seeing that it’s so often repeated, I will briefly show its properties.</p>
|
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|4|lbl=-}}
| <p>'''How you should thrust together with him from the Lower Guard.'''</p>
 
  
<p>Mark, when you hold your right hand together with the butt of your staff at your right side in the approach, and you have lain your point well ahead of you out on your right side on the ground, observe as soon as he thrusts toward your face, then step step out with your right foot toward your right side, and with your left further toward his left to him; thrust in this way to his face above his left arm while he directs his thrust. You should also duck your head well down toward your right side over your staff while you thrust with him thus, away from his flying thrust, so you are the better defended.</p>
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19v|p=1}}
+
| <p>Position yourself in the bastion or Anger cut. If one cuts or thrusts, then parry upwards with the long edge and cut the other to the foot. In sum, if you want to cut to the foot, thus lay on as he does to you, thrust or hit along with his weapon and drive the parrying up high. With that you have room to cut a nasty cut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|1|lbl=119v}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike out his thrust, and thrust afterward.'''</p>
+
| <p>The foot cut is broken with a simultaneous cut to the foot. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> as it clashes, then wind the point to the body or an opening. Take heed of the slice in the traveling after.</p>
 
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|2|lbl=-}}
<p>In the approach place yourself again in the Lower Guard as before, with your forward knee bent, so that your upper body is well sunk to your staff, and mark as soon as he thrusts, then strike his staff from your right side toward your left in a jerk out, as far as the straight defence, and before he can recover himself from his thrust, thrust with a spring out toward his face.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Take heed of the hard slice yet in all dangers
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| in the slice learn the setting aside cuts and thrusts artfully impede
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
+
|}
 +
<p>'''A good throw:'''</p>
  
<p>Mark, when you fallen into the Left Lower Guard in the approach, and he strikes with one hand from above toward your head, then raise both your arms, and with this spring in well under his stroke, thus parrying his blow with your staff between your hands. As soon as and while the blow lands on your staff, and is still touching, draw the butt toward you with your right hand, letting the point drop downward, direct the same between his hands under his staff to his body, and thus thrust below his staff between his hands in front of his chest. While you are thrusting in like this, turn the butt of your staff together with your right hand down again, and could drive in inside your right arm. After the thrust is performed you should be nimble with the bind again on his staff; therewith you may the better protect yourself from what he does afterward.</p>
+
<p>If one thrusts to you to the right, thus spring well to his right side, and fall with your sword onto his sword by the strong, and catch his right arm with your left hand, hard behind his hand on top. Torque the hand around upwards to his right ear, and grab with the pommel and hand on the elbow, throw him thus from you with the left foot behind his right foot.</p>
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|3|lbl=-}}
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20r|p=1}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should yield to his thrust from the Left Lower Guard, and thrust together with him.'''</p>
+
| <p>The first and foremost posture in the Rapier is the long point. It is done thus: stand with the right foot forward, the sword long before you, the point towards the opponent. The long edge below, the half edge above. The point always higher than the hilt.</p>
  
<p>In the approach, step with your left foot forward, hold the butt of your staff together with your right hand at your right flank, and let the point of your staff lie outstretched in front of you on the ground, a little out to the left side, and mark as soon as your opponent thrusts at you, then step with your right foot behind your left out to the side, a little toward his right side, and as you set down your right foot in stepping behind, step quickly with your left foot also toward his right side further toward him, and thrust over his right arm (while he thrusts) to his face.</p>
+
<p>''Postures in the Rapier''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|1|lbl=120r}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should strike out his thrust from your Left Lower Guard and thrust afterward.'''</p>
+
| <p>Ward away thrusts or blows in the posture thus: If one thrusts over your parrying, then set it aside, if he’s weak, move in to him with the slice off, and meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> seek the opening with the point.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
<p>Or when you stand in the said way in the Right Lower Guard, then step again as before, while he thrusts, toward his right side away from his thrust, and strike off his staff together with him from your left toward your right, and afterward thrust nimbly again as before (before he can recover) to his face.</p>
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20v|p=1}}
+
| <p>Item: If one thrusts to you under your parrying, then slice it, hand the point to his face, if he wards the point, then pull and thrust and cut him to the hand or arm.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should take out from your left upward with the long edge, and thrust again through the Roses from your right side up from below to his face.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''The second posture, Bastion'''</p>
  
<p><br/>In the approach place yourself in the Lower Guard to the left as before; if he thrusts at you, then raise both arms, and strike out his thrust upward with the point of your staff from your left toward your right with the long edge, so that your staff in the striking out ends upright, then turn your staff again near your right up from below, and thrust from the same up to his face. </p>
+
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, hold the sword long from you with the point toward the earth, so that the half edge stands above. If one cuts or thrust to you, slice it away from both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>Item: Step and stab long, will you fight.</p>
|
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|4|lbl=-}}
| <p>'''How you should jerk his staff out and thrust afterward.'''</p>
 
  
<p><br/>Mark, when you come in the Lower Guard to someone in the approach, and he won't work after thrusting, then let yourself with gestures mark and behold, as you want to see all first what kind of fencing pieces be, as soon as and while he extends his staff thus from him, then jerk out in an sudden jerk or blow, and thrust nimbly (while his staff lurches away from the thrust) to his face. In this striking out you should diligently take care, that you (in your excitement) don't move your staff too far to the side, but rather strike his (as taught) in a jerk out, so that your staff is straight in front of his face, and thus the thrust is performed before he can recover himself again.</p>
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21r|p=1}}
+
| <p>'''Ox, the third posture'''</p>
  
|-
+
<p>Stand upright with your left side towards your opponent, your feet near one another, hold your sword to your right, the half edge towards your left arm, the point towards your opponent.</p>
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''How you should fence from the Middle Guard.'''</p>
 
  
<p>In the approach place yourself in the Middle Guard, such as is shown in the large picture printed in Figure A on the right hand side, and take care as soon as you can reach him, throw your staff with your right hand overthwart across his face, and in the throw give your staff a strong swing with your left hand, and loose the same from the staff, so that your staff can the swifter fly across his face and around your head; while your staff is thus flying through his face and around your head, step to him with your left foot forward, and grip under your staff again with your left hand, while your staff is still flying through the air, and strike to the other from your left to your right through the face; also against his staff through where he drives before him, this blow should be performed with both hands, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard after the blow. While your staff thus in this blow falls into the Lower Guard, if he would nimbly thrust at your face (which would be left open by this movement), then step with your right foot quickly on your right side, and thrust in with him at the same time also to his face, so that you have turned the rear part of your staff together with the long edge against his, and pulled your head well away over your staff, so you are defended.</p>
+
<p>A teaching; how one should principally fight from the ox</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21v|p=1}}
 
  
|-  
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
|
 
| <p>Or after you have fallen into the Right Lower Guard after this blow, and he has thrust at the opening offered, then tear out his flying staff upward with the half edge toward your left shoulder; at the same time drive your staff above around your head, and strike him outside over his left arm from your right; you should also drive this blow around with both hands; herein beware that he (while you thus drive your blow around) will thrust to the face; as soon as he does so, move the butt of your staff around lower before your face, and let the blow fly the faster. If he parries your blow with hanging staff, then mark the moment your staff lands on his or misses, then at once turn the butt end upward, and thrust above or below his staff to the body.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, how you should invert before him, or give over, take out, and strike after.'''</p>
+
| <p>learn winding away, long over-hand you will end cuts and thrust</p>
  
<p>In the approach place yourself in the said manner in the Middle Guard to the left side, and step with the left foot behind your right toward him, so that in the movement you turn your back to him. While you thus turn in front of him, he will quickly thrust to your face, meaning to overtake you; then in your backward stepping lift both your hands nimbly upward together with the butt of your staff, outstretched toward his left side, so that the point hangs toward the ground, and as you turn strike his oncoming thrust with your hanging staff from your right out toward your left side, and let the same move through a full swing around your head. While it thus moves through the swing, let go with your left hand (after you have given the staff a strong swing with the same) and strike with one hand a strong swift stroke to his left ear. This is a swift piece which goes well in the first attack; if you provoke his thrust with your turn, then you take his staff out in the time of the turn, and surely hit him, if he has thrust in earnest.</p>
+
<p>'''Boar, the fourth posture'''</p>
|
 
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|1|lbl=Ⅲ.22v|p=1}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, the haft next to your right knee, the point towards the opponent.</p>
|
 
| <p>The techniques learned up to now from the side lyings, I wanted to first set down, since you were to arrive in the same through striking aback, thrusting away, or fending off, so the more smoothly you know how to recover again, also the better you know how to do the techniques that follow; the same with these long weapons as with the weapons previously handled; in full fencing always from one into another, in which you need not first long consider what you are to do, but rather press on with the next technique.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>Item: A good teaching on fighting from the boar.</p>
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|2|lbl=-}}
| <p>Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-
+
|-
| <p>'''The first technique in the outermost bind.'''</p>
 
 
 
<p>When you bind with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost part of his, then press the same in a sudden strong jerk out to the side, such that yours does not move after the pressing out, but rather thrust nimbly off from his staff ahead to his face, and that quickly before he has recovered himself from the pressing out.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, how you should move through and thrust on the other side after the jerking out.'''</p>
+
| <p>Take heed of the before and after<br/>To the shooting through, you should consider<br/>Shooting through, changing, learn<br/>slicing away, pulling, with that you’ll injure.</p>
  
<p>When you become aware in the pressing out that he is coming on nimbly with his staff, so that you cannot overtake him with the thrust you were taught, then do this: Jerk his staff again on one side as before, and let yourself seem as if you want to thrust as before, but as soon as and while he speeds his staff again toward yours, meaning to parry your thrust, then meanwhile go through under his staff, and with a spring out thrust to his face with great speed and force. This is a swift passage, when you thus unexpectedly jerk someone's staff out, and nimbly go through under, and thrust in on the other side.</p>
+
<p>'''A play with the long point; the first'''</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23r}}
 
  
|-
+
<p>Item: Spring to him, and point your thrust to his face, and quickly thrust to his lower opening. This play is done when one lies with his sword below his belt. But if he lies above his belt with his sword, then thrust to him below and pull quickly to the upper opening, then also cut to his foot.</p>
|
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|3|lbl=-}}
| <p>'''Another, how you should press out his staff and strike to his forward leg.'''</p>
 
  
<p>In the approach bind from your left hand side, with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost of his, and press his out with a sudden jerk toward his left side, and draw your staff nimbly back again, toward your left around your head. Let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand strongly from your right overthwart, with a wide step of your right foot through his feet; grip your staff again with your left hand while the same is thus moving through in the stroke, and then strike the other with both hands through to his right shoulder, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard; from this thrust to his face after the manner described above.</p>
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23v|p=1}}
+
| <p>'''A play from the Bastion'''</p>
  
|-
+
<p>If he hits or thrusts to you, then displace upwards hard with the long edge. Cut directly up across from below onto his arm or through his body. Thrust to him with a winding thrust to his right lower opening, long from yourself, wind with a step to his right. Pull around your head, and cut him to the right leg with well stretched arm so that he may not reach you, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> step backwards with your feet together and cut him high to the head.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Or when you thus strike through overthwart to his forward leg, then look that you grip your staff again on your left side with your left hand; as soon as you have gripped it, draw the butt back to your right at your chest, and move the left well along the staff with outstretched arm; while you draw your hands apart thus on the staff, turn the staff toward his, and strike out the same (while he thrusts), so that you strongly and forcefully come again into the straight defence with left arm stretched far out, and then thrust nimbly straight ahead to his face.</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|1|lbl=121r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A piece, how you should make the Brain Blow.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''A play from the ox'''</p>
  
<p>Do it like this: in the approach bind the tip of your staff with the tip of his; let yourself seem as if you are earnestly looking where or how you want to thrust to his face. As soon as he notices, he will diligently take care on your leaving the bind, that he could nimbly thrust while you leave. When you place yourself earnestly, like you want to thrust, then quickly jerk the butt of your staff upward, and swing the staff back with your left hand toward your left around your head, and thus unexpectedly strike straight from above to his head, and if he would yet thrust under this, then the same does not serve, for then you are too swift with the blow to his head. This and the like pieces have the more part in the Practice, namely that you outrace your opponent with unexpected speed, when he makes the slightest mistake.</p>
+
<p>When you thrust in ochs, scalp from below with the half edge through his body and face with a step off, cut straight away running to his right side, but don’t let it hit, step with your left around your right. Wind at the same time<ref name="indes"/> and make the undercut a thrust to the right hip. Then the right leg with the undercut.</p>
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|2|lbl=-}}
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|1|lbl=Ⅲ.24r|p=1}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, with the skewed stroke.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Another from the ox'''</p>
  
<p>Mark, when you have bound your opponent as taught above, then surreptitiously invert your right hand on your staff, and deceive him meanwhile by appearance, so that he doesn't notice what you are doing, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then step toward him quickly with the right foot, and strike a swift and powerful stroke over the hand, straight from above to his head, so that your upper body is sunk well down after the blow, then nimbly move your staff up again, and at the same time step back again with the right foot, and grab your staff with your left hand again, so that you can strongly defend yourself again. You can move to this skewed stroke as you do the aforesaid brain blow, namely when you first jerk out his staff, or else when you can hinder him with some other technique, so that you can hit him with the skewed stroke before he can come up again.</p>
+
<p>Thrust and step with your right foot and with your point long into his face. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind toward your left with your haft. Step and cut to his right leg. This goes on both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| rowspan="2" | <p>'''How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''A play from the boar'''</p>
  
<p>Further, when you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, and he is hard on your staff, the be aware as soon as he wants to press you out to the side with force, then draw back your staff nimbly (while he is pressing out) around your head with both hands, and strike outside over his left arm to his head with a step out. As soon as this blow connects, quickly shift your staff over his near his hands, as you can see shown hereafter in Figure G; when you have thus found and barred his staff, then you may go in and thrust with the butt of your staff, or strike in front of his face with the longer part; if he moves his point up, and works it out under your staff, then follow after from below with thrusting, winding, or pressing.</p>
+
<p>The play written after is a breaking of the changer.</p>
| rowspan="2" |
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|4|lbl=-}}
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25r|p=1}}
 
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
 +
| <p>Item: Step and thrust from the board hard from below. Thwart up to his face, this he must parry from below, and open himself, leaving you free to hit his left side or foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|1|lbl=121v}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should go through him.'''</p>
+
| <p>If you wish to fence with one hand<br/>Know how to break the postures</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Breaking the long point 1'''</p>
  
<p>Mark, if your opponent is hard on your staff in the bind, and presses away from him, then go under through, and thrust on the other side. Or while he thus presses out your staff with his hard bind, again go hard on his staff (while he is still pressing) through under, and jerk him out with a ? blow from the other side, and thrust nimbly before he has recovered.</p>
+
<p>Item: If he lies in the longpoint against you, then approach him in the change, take his sword away the the half edge, your strong on his weak, and cut long to the nearest opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
+
| <p>Item: If one will take away your forward parrying, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> as the blades meet, let your blade run around your head, and cut his right leg; from whichever side he took your blade away, hit him to that side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
<p>If someone binds hard on your staff, then hold hard against him with your bind; if he also presses against yours, then quickly go through below, and act as if you want to thrust, but don't; rather draw through below again, and thrust to the side which you were originally bound on.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the bastion'''</p>
  
|-
+
<p>If one lays in the bastey, then stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword near your right side, the point towards the earth, away from you. Step and strike to him with the half edge from below, angling upward through his face. Let the thwart run off to the left side; cut to his right knee.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should learn missing in the bind.'''</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|1|lbl=122r|p=1}}
  
<p>Mark diligently, when you have bound with someone from your left side, then diligently observe and feel just as soon as he leaves the bind, to go through below or to work otherwise, then thrust while he is thus leaving, straight ahead to his face.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25v}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another is a counter to the former.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Breaking the Ox'''</p>
  
<p>When you become aware in the bind, that your opponent is watching for your leaving, and wants to thrust to the opening while you are leaving, then let yourself seem by your appearance as if you earnestly want to move away from his staff and thrust, and when you think that he is ready to thrust, then move off his staff to the side, as if you wanted to thrust as said, but don't; rather, while he rushes in with his thrust, strike it up out to the side, and thrust in as first ?, then when he rushes in, you can easily take his staff out, and overtake him well before he can recover himself again.</p>
+
<p>Step and cut from your right side from below his weapon to his left arm, with the weak of your long edge. The other, strike again into his left, stepping more with the tho strikes well around his left side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Thus you should mark and be aware of what your opponent wants to fence and drive to you, so that you catch him just in his own technique, as next herefore at this one then inclined true soon after to thrust [???]. Then you must expose yourself cautiously and warily to the same, and place yourself in such a way with the appearance, as resist befalling the approximate and ignorant [???], or you have wasted your ? thrust after with reluctance, so that through this he will be all the more incited to thrust, with which thrust or blow he fails and exposes himself, as close that he so agile hardly against comes up and may recover himself [???], before then you have overtaken him. This will be expanded on further on by example in the halberd.</p>
+
| <p>'''Breaking the boar'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Thrust from your left side in the approach quickly overhand towards his breast, as soon as he will parry, then pull around your head, and cut him to the right arm. In the strike, step well around his right side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26r|p=1}}
+
| <p>Mark, this aforewritten breaking of the posture must be done deftly, as soon as you take up a posture to him, he becomes aware of your play. When you don’t hold the ‘before’, then your breaking will not go well, as when you took up a posture.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A deceptive piece.'''</p>
+
| <p>This aforewritten fencing I have drawn from the old verses and taken it together with the sword in one hand, but now I wish to write on the rapier fencing in my own opinion, which befits attribution itself.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|1|lbl=122v}}
  
<p>When you have bound with someone in the approach, and neither of you will leave the other's staff, then thrust to his leading foot with a serious appearance, exposing your face, to which he will nimbly thrust, then step out to the side with your lead foot, followed by the right, and thrust under his staff from below (while the same flies in the thrust) to his face, and pull your head well away from his thrust behind your staff, so you hit him (while he is thrusting) in the face. Or when you thrust or strike to his foot, and meanwhile he thrusts to your face, then strike out his flying thrust, and at the same time spring out to the side away from his thrust, and thrust quickly and nimbly.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| <p>[???]Though the big and strong people sully you, rethink confrontation, and remember your art besides that despise<br/>their advantage you I pay little attention<br/>then believe me all the time<br/>the presumptuous despiser, he is with uneven swings<br/>therefrom I will say no more<br/>many fine heroes do lament the boxing[???]</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:MS Var.82 123r.png|400x400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''How you should thrust with one hand out over his left arm to his face, wind through with the butt end of your staff, and strike to the right shoulder.'''</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 123r.png|1|lbl=123r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
  
<p>If you have bound someone ahead from your left against his right, but he stays still and does not work, then step with your rear right foot to your right side, and go with your point hard on his staff through below, and thrust nimbly and unexpectedly from your right over his left arm to his face. In thrusting, let go of your staff with your left hand, and give the right side the thrust, so that you reach in the further. In this thrust turn up your right hand together with the butt of your staff toward your left side, and draw your staff around your head, and in this drawing around spring in nimbly on your left side. Strike thus wickedly to his right shoulder. This blow together with the thrust should be done nimbly one after another and together. Then spring back, so that you may be sure to catch and grip your staff again.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|3|lbl=Ⅲ.26r|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26v|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, how you should wind through with the thrust.'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
<p>Do it like this: if you find yourself in the straight defence in the approach, then thrust straight from your right to his left hand, that he has placed forward on his staff; but in the beginning, let yourself seem by your appearance as if you wanted to thrust to his face. When you come near his hand with your point, go through below his staff and step with your left foot well out to his right side, and take your head well aside with you, and turn your point thus in thrusting through outside over his right arm to the face - turn your open right hand well upward, inside your left arm, so the thrust goes the deeper.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence.'''</p>
 
 
 
<p><br/>Mark, when you find your opponent in the straight defence in the approach, then place yourself thus also, and let yourself seem by your appearance, as if you wanted first wanted to see how you should fence; when he makes the slightest mistake, step quickly with your right foot out to his left side, and thrust over his left hand (which he has put forward on the staff) straight to his chest, not touching his staff with yours. In this thrust move your right hand well toward your left arm, and on the same inside, and turn your open left hand around upward, so the thrust goes the deeper, and hit surely, as you see set out in the picture on the left side in Figure E.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27r|p=1}}
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another: how you thrust upward through his face.'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|1|lbl=124v}}
  
<p><br/>If your opponent presses on you in the bind, then stay hard on his staff with yours; as soon as he comes so close, that the staves touch together with the beginning of the second parts, then stay below with the hard bind on his staff, and push the butt end forward with your right hand, so that your tip points toward his right shoulder, then step well out to his left side with your right foot, and thrust with your staff (still staying hard on his staff) to his right shoulder. In thrusting, turn your right hand with the butt end around toward you again, toward your chest, so that your finger is at your chest and your open hand is above. While you thus thrust, staying hard on his staff, to his right shoulder, and in thrusting turn the butt of your staff toward you again, move your thrust upward, and hit him in the face; he must direct and perform the work very nimbly and strongly.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>At the same time as you make this thrust, lift your staff with both hands, and strike nimbly from above down to his face, and in this blow spring further toward his left side with your right foot.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another: how you should thrust a miss hard on his staff in front of him, and strike afterward long.'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
<p>In the approach don't come too near to your opponent, and mark while he doesn't want to work, then thrust to his right side hard on his staff; as soon as he notices the thrust and repels it to his right, let your staff run off near his right side, and draw it around your head with your right hand, and strike a swift stroke with one hand to his left ear.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
  
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>'''A good stroke in the going over.'''</p>
+
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
<p>Do it like this: in the approach, as soon as you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, hold your point straight in front of his face, and turn yourself well on your right side, so that you turn your back to him, and while you turn your back, step with your right foot behind your left toward him, turning completely around on your right with this step, and strike with one hand, that is, around with your right hand, straight down to his head. This blow works very well when you do it right; if he thrusts at you while you are turning, he cannot reach you, because you were bound on his tip, and if he can reach you, to touch your exposed back, you surely hit him when he thrusts; the stroke runs so swiftly, that he cannot deliver any thrust before the same. You may also direct the stroke across from the middle in this turn.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|1|lbl=Ⅲ.28v|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
  
|-  
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another, with a Middle Blow.'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126v.png|1|lbl=126v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 127r.png|1|lbl=127r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
  
<p>When you can reach his staff with the tip of yours in the approach, then draw your staff around your head, and strike across with one hand from your right to his left ear. In this stroke step with your right foot toward his left side, and as your stroke connects, grip with your left hand hard on your staff again in front of your right, and pull your right hand and staff to your chest. While you thus pull your staff toward you, move your left hand along the staff, until your arm is lies outstretched widely on the staff, and thus the left hand (as a shield) moves on the staff in front of your face.</p>
+
{{master begin
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|2|lbl=-}}
+
| title = Dagger
 +
| width = 100%
 +
}}
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = 1570 Dagger Chapter
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The withdrawn thrust.'''</p>
 
 
<p>When you have bound your opponent, or stand before him in the defence, and he doesn't want to work, then thrust earnestly to his face, and look under it diligently; then he is ready to parry and bear off your thrust, so don't complete it, but rather draw it back again quickly through your left hand, so that you have your left hand fully outstretched in front of your face. As you pull back your staff, place yourself with a serious appearance, as if you want to go through below, and thrust on the other side; as you thus distract with looks, you must masterfully raise your lead foot and set it down again, and as you seem to be thrusting on the other side, while he moves out to the side against your thrust to turn the same aside, thrust straight ahead at the same point, that you originally drew back from. This should be done nimbly, and performed earnestly in all circumstances.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/366|1|lbl=Ⅲ.1r.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>However, when he works before you and would thrust at you, then set aside the thrust with your staff with a jerk, and move the parry nimbly into a thrust, but while your thrust is on its way, pull the same back again, as if you wanted to thrust through below again; then he will want to encounter it quickly, so while he sweeps to the other side, meaning to parry, thrust straight ahead again to where you pulled back from.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/366|2|lbl=Ⅲ.1r.2}}
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>With these withdrawn thrusts you can break all guards. For example, if you find your opponent in the Left Lower Guard, then thrust straight to his face, and meanwhile observe if he starts to strike into your thrust with his staff, then suddenly draw it back toward you a little, and nimbly go through below, and thrust him on his left side (while he is moving his staff upward) over his left arm to the face; but if he moves toward your staff, go through below again, and do so until you see your opportunity to reach an opening.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/368|1|lbl=Ⅲ.2r.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>'''Winding.'''</p>
+
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/368|2|lbl=Ⅲ.2r.2}}
  
<p>If your opponent binds hard on your staff from his left side against your right, and presses hard towards you in the straight defence, so that you may not depart from his staff with any technique, then stay hard with the bind in front of his hand on the staff; press with the point toward his face, so that he is compelled to move up. As soon as he has raised his staff a little, stay with your point on his continually, and wind the butt end over nimbly from your right to his left above his, press it down, and strike him on the head with the fore end (so that your left hand comes over your right), as is shown in the middle of Figure D.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29v}}
+
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/368|3|lbl=Ⅲ.2r.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
+
|  
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/368|4|lbl=Ⅲ.2r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/369|1|lbl=Ⅲ.2v.1|p=1}}
  
<p>In the approach bind strongly from your right against his left on his staff, and work with the point again toward his face, so that he is compelled to raise his staff; as soon as and while he is still raising his staff, bend down, and spring toward him under his staff with your right foot, staying throughout continually with your point on his staff, and in this spring go through under his with the butt of your staff, and turn the same over his staff on his right side, so the point comes after, with which strike him on the head, or press down with the butt of your staff (while you have wound over), and tear out with the same, and thrust with the point to his face; but if he presses upward so strongly, that you can't force his staff down with the butt of your own, then wind your point (while you must go up with the butt from the pressing) up from below to his face, near his right arm, while he presses upward. However, if he wants to lift the butt of his staff (while you wind over his staff with the butt of yours) and wind over above, then quickly turn your point from your left against his right over his right arm in around his head, and catch him around the neck with your staff, and jerk him toward you on your left side.</p>
+
|-
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/369|2|lbl=.2v.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/369|3|lbl=Ⅲ.2v.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/369|4|lbl=Ⅲ.2v.4}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A staff-taking.'''</p>
+
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/370|1|lbl=Ⅲ.3r.1}}
  
<p>It often happens that both staves become bound together in the middle; when this happens, stay on his staff with yours, and let go with your left hand; invert it, grab both staves, and go through below with the butt of your staff. Press upward toward you with your right hand, so he must let go, or fall when you step back with your right foot.</p>
+
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30v|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/370|2|lbl=Ⅲ.3r.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Driving.'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/370|3|lbl=Ⅲ.3r.3}}
  
<p>Fence like this: when you are right foot forward in the approach, with your left hand foremost on the staff, lift up your staff with both hands toward your left shoulder, and thus strike strongly through (with a further step of your left foot) against his right from above to his fingers, ending in Right Lower Guard, with bent body, then tear strongly upward through his staff, ending again in Left Upper Guard. If he thrusts meanwhile, then strike down from above, and tear out up from below. Drive this one stroke strongly into three, four, or five together, until you see your opportunity to thrust.</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|2|lbl=-}}
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
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|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/370|4|lbl=Ⅲ.3r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/372|1|lbl=Ⅲ.4r.1|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A technique from the Driving.'''</p>
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|  
 
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/372|2|lbl=Ⅲ.4r.2}}
<p>In the approach, as soon as you can reach your opponent, drive wickedly from above and below, as taught strongly together; when you have driven one stroke into four, then act as if you want to most earnestly and strongly strike to his right shoulder, but in striking down, move your staff nimbly hard on his staff through below, and step well out to his left side as you go through, and as you do so thrust over his left arm from the other side to his face.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>In all fencing observe diligently, that you in no way let yourself be provoked or deceived, and don't thrust a lone thrust expecially the forepart in the before, but if you find your opponent in a guard that gives you an opening, then you should not commit to the same thrust, but rather see if you can provoke him with withdrawn thrusts; afterward you may change through. But if he remains too long in his guard aforesaid, then you can suddenly overtake him, when he makes the slightest mistake. But if you have bound, and may not thrust well to some opening (in the before), put in a thrust hard on his staff, and feel precisely in thrusting, whether he wants to take out or strike out your thrust. As soon as you sense this, go through below with your thrust, and help his staff fully to the side, toward which he has struck out, or thrust in on the other side while he is striking out. But if you sense that he wants to thrust at the same time as you do, then don't move your staff, but rather act subtly and secretly or unnoticed, until he makes a full thrust. As soon as he thrusts, then move out his staff in your thrust, and fully put in your upraised thrust. Thus you should not be moving in all techniques, but rather attend to how he approaches, so you can the more smoothly encounter him.</p>
+
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|1|lbl=Ⅲ.31r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/372|3|lbl=Ⅲ.4r.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another from the going through.'''</p>
+
|  
 
+
|
<p>Drive again through his staff as before, once, twice, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then fall through below his staff, and quickly tear out his staff downward from your right toward your left, and let your staff go around your head, and strike long with one hand. But before I finish with this weapon, I will also run over and go through the others, because without it these three weapons fence from one ground.</p>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/372|4|lbl=Ⅲ.4r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/373|1|lbl=Ⅲ.4v.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=Ⅲ.32r}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/373|2|lbl=Ⅲ.4v.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/373|3|lbl=Ⅲ.4v.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/373|4|lbl=Ⅲ.4v.4}}
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|-
 
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|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/375|1|lbl=Ⅲ.5v.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/375|2|lbl=Ⅲ.5v.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff L.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/375|3|lbl=Ⅲ.5v.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff M.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/376|1|lbl=Ⅲ.6r.1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/376|2|lbl=Ⅲ.6r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/376|3|lbl=Ⅲ.6r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/377|1|lbl=Ⅲ.6v.1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/377|2|lbl=Ⅲ.6v.2}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/377|3|lbl=Ⅲ.6v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/378|1|lbl=Ⅲ.7r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/378|2|lbl=Ⅲ.7r.2}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/378|3|lbl=Ⅲ.7r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/380|1|lbl=Ⅲ.8r.1}}
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|-
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/380|2|lbl=Ⅲ.8r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/380|3|lbl=Ⅲ.8r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/381|1|lbl=Ⅲ.8v.1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/381|2|lbl=Ⅲ.8v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/381|3|lbl=Ⅲ.8v.3}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/381|4|lbl=Ⅲ.8v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/382|1|lbl=Ⅲ.9r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/382|2|lbl=Ⅲ.9r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/382|3|lbl=Ⅲ.9r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/382|4|lbl=Ⅲ.9r.4}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/382|5|lbl=Ⅲ.9r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/383|1|lbl=Ⅲ.9v.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/383|2|lbl=Ⅲ.9v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/383|3|lbl=Ⅲ.9v.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/383|4|lbl=Ⅲ.9v.4}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/383|5|lbl=Ⅲ.9v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/384|1|lbl=Ⅲ.10r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/384|2|lbl=Ⅲ.10r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/384|3|lbl=Ⅲ.10r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/384|4|lbl=Ⅲ.10r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/385|1|lbl=Ⅲ.10v.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/385|2|lbl=Ⅲ.10v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/385|3|lbl=Ⅲ.10v.3}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/385|4|lbl=Ⅲ.10v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/386|1|lbl=Ⅲ.11r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/386|2|lbl=Ⅲ.11r.2}}
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/386|3|lbl=Ⅲ.11r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/386|4|lbl=Ⅲ.11r.4}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/386|5|lbl=Ⅲ.11r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/388|1|lbl=Ⅲ.12r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/388|2|lbl=Ⅲ.12r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/388|3|lbl=Ⅲ.12r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/389|1|lbl=Ⅲ.12v.1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/389|2|lbl=Ⅲ.12v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/389|3|lbl=Ⅲ.12v.3}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/389|4|lbl=Ⅲ.12v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/390|1|lbl=Ⅲ.13r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/390|2|lbl=Ⅲ.13r.2}}
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/390|3|lbl=Ⅲ.13r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/391|1|lbl=Ⅲ.13v.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/391|2|lbl=Ⅲ.13v.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/391|3|lbl=Ⅲ.13v.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/391|4|lbl=Ⅲ.13v.4}}
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/391|5|lbl=Ⅲ.13v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|1|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|2|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.2}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|3|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.3}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|4|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.4}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|5|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.5}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|6|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.6}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/392|7|lbl=Ⅲ.14r.7}}
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/393|1|lbl=Ⅲ.14v.1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/393|2|lbl=Ⅲ.14v.2}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/393|3|lbl=Ⅲ.14v.3}}
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|-
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/393|4|lbl=Ⅲ.14v.4}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/393|5|lbl=Ⅲ.14v.5}}
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|-
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| rowspan="2" class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/395|1|lbl=Ⅲ.15v.1}}
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|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/395|2|lbl=Ⅲ.15v.2}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
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{{master subsection end}}
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{{master end}}
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{{master begin
 +
| title = Polearms
 +
| width = 100%
 +
}}
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Of the Fencing in the Staff
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16r.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Of the Lyings or Guards.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|2|lbl=Ⅲ.16r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|1|lbl=Ⅲ.16v.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Lower Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|2|lbl=Ⅲ.16v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>For these, arrange yourself like this: stand with the right foot forward and hold your staff with the middle part at your left hip, so that the shorter end and the butt point toward your opponent, but the longer end points behind you. Show your right side to him well, as you see in the lower picture in Figure A on the right hand side. The Middle Guard is the straight defence in front of the opponent, from which most fence.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|3|lbl=Ⅲ.16v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|1|lbl=Ⅲ.17v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In this, arrange yourself like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the fore end in front of your left foot on the ground, and the butt with outstretched arms in front of your face, all such as you can see in the second picture on the left hand side in the previous picture. You should also do the guard like this: stand with right foot forward and hold your staff behind you, also with the fore end on the ground, so you can strike deftly.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|2|lbl=Ⅲ.17v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Of the binds and the defences of the staff; also its parts.'''<br/><br/></p>
 +
 +
<p>The staff is divided into four parts, just as was taught previously of the other weapons. There are also four binds, and the first bind is performed at the fore end or outermost part of the staff; the second in front of the hand which is foremost on the staff; the third in the middle of the staff; the fourth will be performed with the butt end through the entering. You should especially be aware and take care of these parts and binds, because different techniques are appropriate to different parts, namely, in the first part and bind, the blow and flying thrust, in the second, staying in the winding and travelling after, and furthermore in the second entering and wrestling.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/399|3|lbl=Ⅲ.17v.3}}
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 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>There are also four principle defences with the staff, like the binds: the first with the fore end of the staff from both sides, the second in front of the hand, the third in the middle, and the fourth is performed with the butt end. The while all such in techniques is enough to understand, is without ?? difficulties ??? to handle.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18r.1}}
 +
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|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach put yourself in the Upper Guard, and notice as soon as he thrusts toward your left side, then step on your right side away from his thrust, and thrust in at him at the same time he thrusts at you, then wind the long edge against his staff; so he misses with his blow, and you connect with yours.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|2|lbl=Ⅲ.18r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>However, if he thrusts toward your right, then step away from his thrust toward your left side, and thrust in with him again the same as before.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|3|lbl=Ⅲ.18r.3}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The second piece from the Upper Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, in the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard. If he thrusts from above or below to the body, then step (when he thrusts to one side of you) away from his thrust to the other side, and strike while stepping out at the same time from above downward on his forward hand, and mark diligently, if he draws back the same, then thrust straight ahead toward his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/400|4|lbl=Ⅲ.18r.4}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike him from above down through his staff, and tear out, and strike with one hand.'''<br/><br/></p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard to the left, that is, so that the fore end or longer part of your staff stands up over your left shoulder, and thus step toward him with your left foot forward; if he thrusts toward your face or chest, then spring well away from his thrust toward his right side, and strike down from above with your staff (which you should be holding fast in both hands) full through on the middle of his staff, so that through this blow you come into the Right Lower Guard; from this (where he would further thrust to your face) tear with the half edge up toward your left shoulder again. While you tear upward like this, give your staff a swing with your left hand, and in this swing let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand from your right over across toward his temple. The upper blow should quickly happen together with the tear, as soon and while this blow connects, then grip your staff with your left hand again, and bring it back into the straight defence.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|1|lbl=Ⅲ.18v.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, when you strike from above through his staff like this, and after you have torn up again from below, and your left hand together with the fore end of your staff has come upright again, then at once turn up your right hand together with the butt as well, and ? the same ?, lower the fore end with your left hand near your left out to the side, and turn the forward longer part of the staff again up toward his right. This must all happen in a ?. Thrust as then further with a step out straight toward his face, but be careful that you don't turn your right hand downward again to your chest in thrusting, but rather shift the same also well at your chest and inward at your left arm in thrusting ahead of you in to him. So, from the Upper Guard you have learned: firstly, how you should step out and thrust at the same time at him; secondly, striking at his staff down from above and thrusting afterward; thirdly, how you break down through against his staff from above, and tear up from below; lastly, how you should make a deceptive thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/401|2|lbl=Ⅲ.18v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should thrust together with him from the Lower Guard.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, when you hold your right hand together with the butt of your staff at your right side in the approach, and you have lain your point well ahead of you out on your right side on the ground, observe as soon as he thrusts toward your face, then step step out with your right foot toward your right side, and with your left further toward his left to him; thrust in this way to his face above his left arm while he directs his thrust. You should also duck your head well down toward your right side over your staff while you thrust with him thus, away from his flying thrust, so you are the better defended.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/402|2|lbl=Ⅲ.19r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|1|lbl=Ⅲ.19v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should strike out his thrust, and thrust afterward.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach place yourself again in the Lower Guard as before, with your forward knee bent, so that your upper body is well sunk to your staff, and mark as soon as he thrusts, then strike his staff from your right side toward your left in a jerk out, as far as the straight defence, and before he can recover himself from his thrust, thrust with a spring out toward his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|2|lbl=Ⅲ.19v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, when you fallen into the Left Lower Guard in the approach, and he strikes with one hand from above toward your head, then raise both your arms, and with this spring in well under his stroke, thus parrying his blow with your staff between your hands. As soon as and while the blow lands on your staff, and is still touching, draw the butt toward you with your right hand, letting the point drop downward, direct the same between his hands under his staff to his body, and thus thrust below his staff between his hands in front of his chest. While you are thrusting in like this, turn the butt of your staff together with your right hand down again, and could drive in inside your right arm. After the thrust is performed you should be nimble with the bind again on his staff; therewith you may the better protect yourself from what he does afterward.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/403|3|lbl=Ⅲ.19v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20r.1|p=1}}
 +
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|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should yield to his thrust from the Left Lower Guard, and thrust together with him.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach, step with your left foot forward, hold the butt of your staff together with your right hand at your right flank, and let the point of your staff lie outstretched in front of you on the ground, a little out to the left side, and mark as soon as your opponent thrusts at you, then step with your right foot behind your left out to the side, a little toward his right side, and as you set down your right foot in stepping behind, step quickly with your left foot also toward his right side further toward him, and thrust over his right arm (while he thrusts) to his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|2|lbl=Ⅲ.20r.2}}
 +
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|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should strike out his thrust from your Left Lower Guard and thrust afterward.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Or when you stand in the said way in the Right Lower Guard, then step again as before, while he thrusts, toward his right side away from his thrust, and strike off his staff together with him from your left toward your right, and afterward thrust nimbly again as before (before he can recover) to his face.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/404|3|lbl=Ⅲ.20r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|1|lbl=Ⅲ.20v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should take out from your left upward with the long edge, and thrust again through the Roses from your right side up from below to his face.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach place yourself in the Lower Guard to the left as before; if he thrusts at you, then raise both arms, and strike out his thrust upward with the point of your staff from your left toward your right with the long edge, so that your staff in the striking out ends upright, then turn your staff again near your right up from below, and thrust from the same up to his face. </p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|2|lbl=Ⅲ.20v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should jerk his staff out and thrust afterward.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p><br/>Mark, when you come in the Lower Guard to someone in the approach, and he won't work after thrusting, then let yourself with gestures mark and behold, as you want to see all first what kind of fencing pieces be, as soon as and while he extends his staff thus from him, then jerk out in an sudden jerk or blow, and thrust nimbly (while his staff lurches away from the thrust) to his face. In this striking out you should diligently take care, that you (in your excitement) don't move your staff too far to the side, but rather strike his (as taught) in a jerk out, so that your staff is straight in front of his face, and thus the thrust is performed before he can recover himself again.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/405|3|lbl=Ⅲ.20v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''How you should fence from the Middle Guard.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach place yourself in the Middle Guard, such as is shown in the large picture printed in Figure A on the right hand side, and take care as soon as you can reach him, throw your staff with your right hand overthwart across his face, and in the throw give your staff a strong swing with your left hand, and loose the same from the staff, so that your staff can the swifter fly across his face and around your head; while your staff is thus flying through his face and around your head, step to him with your left foot forward, and grip under your staff again with your left hand, while your staff is still flying through the air, and strike to the other from your left to your right through the face; also against his staff through where he drives before him, this blow should be performed with both hands, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard after the blow. While your staff thus in this blow falls into the Lower Guard, if he would nimbly thrust at your face (which would be left open by this movement), then step with your right foot quickly on your right side, and thrust in with him at the same time also to his face, so that you have turned the rear part of your staff together with the long edge against his, and pulled your head well away over your staff, so you are defended.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/406|2|lbl=Ⅲ.21r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|1|lbl=Ⅲ.21v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Or after you have fallen into the Right Lower Guard after this blow, and he has thrust at the opening offered, then tear out his flying staff upward with the half edge toward your left shoulder; at the same time drive your staff above around your head, and strike him outside over his left arm from your right; you should also drive this blow around with both hands; herein beware that he (while you thus drive your blow around) will thrust to the face; as soon as he does so, move the butt of your staff around lower before your face, and let the blow fly the faster. If he parries your blow with hanging staff, then mark the moment your staff lands on his or misses, then at once turn the butt end upward, and thrust above or below his staff to the body.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|2|lbl=Ⅲ.21v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should invert before him, or give over, take out, and strike after.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach place yourself in the said manner in the Middle Guard to the left side, and step with the left foot behind your right toward him, so that in the movement you turn your back to him. While you thus turn in front of him, he will quickly thrust to your face, meaning to overtake you; then in your backward stepping lift both your hands nimbly upward together with the butt of your staff, outstretched toward his left side, so that the point hangs toward the ground, and as you turn strike his oncoming thrust with your hanging staff from your right out toward your left side, and let the same move through a full swing around your head. While it thus moves through the swing, let go with your left hand (after you have given the staff a strong swing with the same) and strike with one hand a strong swift stroke to his left ear. This is a swift piece which goes well in the first attack; if you provoke his thrust with your turn, then you take his staff out in the time of the turn, and surely hit him, if he has thrust in earnest.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/407|3|lbl=Ⅲ.21v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|1|lbl=Ⅲ.22v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The techniques learned up to now from the side lyings, I wanted to first set down, since you were to arrive in the same through striking aback, thrusting away, or fending off, so the more smoothly you know how to recover again, also the better you know how to do the techniques that follow; the same with these long weapons as with the weapons previously handled; in full fencing always from one into another, in which you need not first long consider what you are to do, but rather press on with the next technique.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|2|lbl=Ⅲ.22v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|3|lbl=Ⅲ.22v.3}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''The first technique in the outermost bind.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you bind with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost part of his, then press the same in a sudden strong jerk out to the side, such that yours does not move after the pressing out, but rather thrust nimbly off from his staff ahead to his face, and that quickly before he has recovered himself from the pressing out.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|4|lbl=Ⅲ.22v.4}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should move through and thrust on the other side after the jerking out.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you become aware in the pressing out that he is coming on nimbly with his staff, so that you cannot overtake him with the thrust you were taught, then do this: Jerk his staff again on one side as before, and let yourself seem as if you want to thrust as before, but as soon as and while he speeds his staff again toward yours, meaning to parry your thrust, then meanwhile go through under his staff, and with a spring out thrust to his face with great speed and force. This is a swift passage, when you thus unexpectedly jerk someone's staff out, and nimbly go through under, and thrust in on the other side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23r.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should press out his staff and strike to his forward leg.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach bind from your left hand side, with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost of his, and press his out with a sudden jerk toward his left side, and draw your staff nimbly back again, toward your left around your head. Let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand strongly from your right overthwart, with a wide step of your right foot through his feet; grip your staff again with your left hand while the same is thus moving through in the stroke, and then strike the other with both hands through to his right shoulder, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard; from this thrust to his face after the manner described above.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/410|2|lbl=Ⅲ.23r.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|1|lbl=Ⅲ.23v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Or when you thus strike through overthwart to his forward leg, then look that you grip your staff again on your left side with your left hand; as soon as you have gripped it, draw the butt back to your right at your chest, and move the left well along the staff with outstretched arm; while you draw your hands apart thus on the staff, turn the staff toward his, and strike out the same (while he thrusts), so that you strongly and forcefully come again into the straight defence with left arm stretched far out, and then thrust nimbly straight ahead to his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|2|lbl=Ⅲ.23v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A piece, how you should make the Brain Blow.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Do it like this: in the approach bind the tip of your staff with the tip of his; let yourself seem as if you are earnestly looking where or how you want to thrust to his face. As soon as he notices, he will diligently take care on your leaving the bind, that he could nimbly thrust while you leave. When you place yourself earnestly, like you want to thrust, then quickly jerk the butt of your staff upward, and swing the staff back with your left hand toward your left around your head, and thus unexpectedly strike straight from above to his head, and if he would yet thrust under this, then the same does not serve, for then you are too swift with the blow to his head. This and the like pieces have the more part in the Practice, namely that you outrace your opponent with unexpected speed, when he makes the slightest mistake.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/411|3|lbl=Ⅲ.23v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|1|lbl=Ⅲ.24r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, with the skewed stroke.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, when you have bound your opponent as taught above, then surreptitiously invert your right hand on your staff, and deceive him meanwhile by appearance, so that he doesn't notice what you are doing, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then step toward him quickly with the right foot, and strike a swift and powerful stroke over the hand, straight from above to his head, so that your upper body is sunk well down after the blow, then nimbly move your staff up again, and at the same time step back again with the right foot, and grab your staff with your left hand again, so that you can strongly defend yourself again. You can move to this skewed stroke as you do the aforesaid brain blow, namely when you first jerk out his staff, or else when you can hinder him with some other technique, so that you can hit him with the skewed stroke before he can come up again.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|2|lbl=Ⅲ.24r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Further, when you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, and he is hard on your staff, the be aware as soon as he wants to press you out to the side with force, then draw back your staff nimbly (while he is pressing out) around your head with both hands, and strike outside over his left arm to his head with a step out. As soon as this blow connects, quickly shift your staff over his near his hands, as you can see shown hereafter in Figure G; when you have thus found and barred his staff, then you may go in and thrust with the butt of your staff, or strike in front of his face with the longer part; if he moves his point up, and works it out under your staff, then follow after from below with thrusting, winding, or pressing.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/412|3|lbl=Ⅲ.24r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''How you should go through him.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark, if your opponent is hard on your staff in the bind, and presses away from him, then go under through, and thrust on the other side. Or while he thus presses out your staff with his hard bind, again go hard on his staff (while he is still pressing) through under, and jerk him out with a ? blow from the other side, and thrust nimbly before he has recovered.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|2|lbl=Ⅲ.25r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>If someone binds hard on your staff, then hold hard against him with your bind; if he also presses against yours, then quickly go through below, and act as if you want to thrust, but don't; rather draw through below again, and thrust to the side which you were originally bound on.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/414|3|lbl=Ⅲ.25r.3}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should learn missing in the bind.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark diligently, when you have bound with someone from your left side, then diligently observe and feel just as soon as he leaves the bind, to go through below or to work otherwise, then thrust while he is thus leaving, straight ahead to his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|1|lbl=Ⅲ.25v.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another is a counter to the former.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you become aware in the bind, that your opponent is watching for your leaving, and wants to thrust to the opening while you are leaving, then let yourself seem by your appearance as if you earnestly want to move away from his staff and thrust, and when you think that he is ready to thrust, then move off his staff to the side, as if you wanted to thrust as said, but don't; rather, while he rushes in with his thrust, strike it up out to the side, and thrust in as first ?, then when he rushes in, you can easily take his staff out, and overtake him well before he can recover himself again.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|2|lbl=Ⅲ.25v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Thus you should mark and be aware of what your opponent wants to fence and drive to you, so that you catch him just in his own technique, as next herefore at this one then inclined true soon after to thrust [???]. Then you must expose yourself cautiously and warily to the same, and place yourself in such a way with the appearance, as resist befalling the approximate and ignorant [???], or you have wasted your ? thrust after with reluctance, so that through this he will be all the more incited to thrust, with which thrust or blow he fails and exposes himself, as close that he so agile hardly against comes up and may recover himself [???], before then you have overtaken him. This will be expanded on further on by example in the halberd.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/415|3|lbl=Ⅲ.25v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A deceptive piece.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you have bound with someone in the approach, and neither of you will leave the other's staff, then thrust to his leading foot with a serious appearance, exposing your face, to which he will nimbly thrust, then step out to the side with your lead foot, followed by the right, and thrust under his staff from below (while the same flies in the thrust) to his face, and pull your head well away from his thrust behind your staff, so you hit him (while he is thrusting) in the face. Or when you thrust or strike to his foot, and meanwhile he thrusts to your face, then strike out his flying thrust, and at the same time spring out to the side away from his thrust, and thrust quickly and nimbly.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|2|lbl=Ⅲ.26r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''How you should thrust with one hand out over his left arm to his face, wind through with the butt end of your staff, and strike to the right shoulder.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>If you have bound someone ahead from your left against his right, but he stays still and does not work, then step with your rear right foot to your right side, and go with your point hard on his staff through below, and thrust nimbly and unexpectedly from your right over his left arm to his face. In thrusting, let go of your staff with your left hand, and give the right side the thrust, so that you reach in the further. In this thrust turn up your right hand together with the butt of your staff toward your left side, and draw your staff around your head, and in this drawing around spring in nimbly on your left side. Strike thus wickedly to his right shoulder. This blow together with the thrust should be done nimbly one after another and together. Then spring back, so that you may be sure to catch and grip your staff again.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/416|3|lbl=Ⅲ.26r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|1|lbl=Ⅲ.26v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, how you should wind through with the thrust.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Do it like this: if you find yourself in the straight defence in the approach, then thrust straight from your right to his left hand, that he has placed forward on his staff; but in the beginning, let yourself seem by your appearance as if you wanted to thrust to his face. When you come near his hand with your point, go through below his staff and step with your left foot well out to his right side, and take your head well aside with you, and turn your point thus in thrusting through outside over his right arm to the face - turn your open right hand well upward, inside your left arm, so the thrust goes the deeper.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|2|lbl=Ⅲ.26v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p><br/>Mark, when you find your opponent in the straight defence in the approach, then place yourself thus also, and let yourself seem by your appearance, as if you wanted first wanted to see how you should fence; when he makes the slightest mistake, step quickly with your right foot out to his left side, and thrust over his left hand (which he has put forward on the staff) straight to his chest, not touching his staff with yours. In this thrust move your right hand well toward your left arm, and on the same inside, and turn your open left hand around upward, so the thrust goes the deeper, and hit surely, as you see set out in the picture on the left side in Figure E.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/417|3|lbl=Ⅲ.26v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another: how you thrust upward through his face.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p><br/>If your opponent presses on you in the bind, then stay hard on his staff with yours; as soon as he comes so close, that the staves touch together with the beginning of the second parts, then stay below with the hard bind on his staff, and push the butt end forward with your right hand, so that your tip points toward his right shoulder, then step well out to his left side with your right foot, and thrust with your staff (still staying hard on his staff) to his right shoulder. In thrusting, turn your right hand with the butt end around toward you again, toward your chest, so that your finger is at your chest and your open hand is above. While you thus thrust, staying hard on his staff, to his right shoulder, and in thrusting turn the butt of your staff toward you again, move your thrust upward, and hit him in the face; he must direct and perform the work very nimbly and strongly.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/418|2|lbl=Ⅲ.27r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>At the same time as you make this thrust, lift your staff with both hands, and strike nimbly from above down to his face, and in this blow spring further toward his left side with your right foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|1|lbl=Ⅲ.27v.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another: how you should thrust a miss hard on his staff in front of him, and strike afterward long.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach don't come too near to your opponent, and mark while he doesn't want to work, then thrust to his right side hard on his staff; as soon as he notices the thrust and repels it to his right, let your staff run off near his right side, and draw it around your head with your right hand, and strike a swift stroke with one hand to his left ear.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|2|lbl=Ⅲ.27v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''A good stroke in the going over.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Do it like this: in the approach, as soon as you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, hold your point straight in front of his face, and turn yourself well on your right side, so that you turn your back to him, and while you turn your back, step with your right foot behind your left toward him, turning completely around on your right with this step, and strike with one hand, that is, around with your right hand, straight down to his head. This blow works very well when you do it right; if he thrusts at you while you are turning, he cannot reach you, because you were bound on his tip, and if he can reach you, to touch your exposed back, you surely hit him when he thrusts; the stroke runs so swiftly, that he cannot deliver any thrust before the same. You may also direct the stroke across from the middle in this turn.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/419|3|lbl=Ⅲ.27v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|1|lbl=Ⅲ.28v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another, with a Middle Blow.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you can reach his staff with the tip of yours in the approach, then draw your staff around your head, and strike across with one hand from your right to his left ear. In this stroke step with your right foot toward his left side, and as your stroke connects, grip with your left hand hard on your staff again in front of your right, and pull your right hand and staff to your chest. While you thus pull your staff toward you, move your left hand along the staff, until your arm is lies outstretched widely on the staff, and thus the left hand (as a shield) moves on the staff in front of your face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|2|lbl=Ⅲ.28v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The withdrawn thrust.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you have bound your opponent, or stand before him in the defence, and he doesn't want to work, then thrust earnestly to his face, and look under it diligently; then he is ready to parry and bear off your thrust, so don't complete it, but rather draw it back again quickly through your left hand, so that you have your left hand fully outstretched in front of your face. As you pull back your staff, place yourself with a serious appearance, as if you want to go through below, and thrust on the other side; as you thus distract with looks, you must masterfully raise your lead foot and set it down again, and as you seem to be thrusting on the other side, while he moves out to the side against your thrust to turn the same aside, thrust straight ahead at the same point, that you originally drew back from. This should be done nimbly, and performed earnestly in all circumstances.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/421|3|lbl=Ⅲ.28v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>However, when he works before you and would thrust at you, then set aside the thrust with your staff with a jerk, and move the parry nimbly into a thrust, but while your thrust is on its way, pull the same back again, as if you wanted to thrust through below again; then he will want to encounter it quickly, so while he sweeps to the other side, meaning to parry, thrust straight ahead again to where you pulled back from.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|2|lbl=Ⅲ.29r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>With these withdrawn thrusts you can break all guards. For example, if you find your opponent in the Left Lower Guard, then thrust straight to his face, and meanwhile observe if he starts to strike into your thrust with his staff, then suddenly draw it back toward you a little, and nimbly go through below, and thrust him on his left side (while he is moving his staff upward) over his left arm to the face; but if he moves toward your staff, go through below again, and do so until you see your opportunity to reach an opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/422|3|lbl=Ⅲ.29r.3}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Winding.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>If your opponent binds hard on your staff from his left side against your right, and presses hard towards you in the straight defence, so that you may not depart from his staff with any technique, then stay hard with the bind in front of his hand on the staff; press with the point toward his face, so that he is compelled to move up. As soon as he has raised his staff a little, stay with your point on his continually, and wind the butt end over nimbly from your right to his left above his, press it down, and strike him on the head with the fore end (so that your left hand comes over your right), as is shown in the middle of Figure D.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|1|lbl=Ⅲ.29v.1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach bind strongly from your right against his left on his staff, and work with the point again toward his face, so that he is compelled to raise his staff; as soon as and while he is still raising his staff, bend down, and spring toward him under his staff with your right foot, staying throughout continually with your point on his staff, and in this spring go through under his with the butt of your staff, and turn the same over his staff on his right side, so the point comes after, with which strike him on the head, or press down with the butt of your staff (while you have wound over), and tear out with the same, and thrust with the point to his face; but if he presses upward so strongly, that you can't force his staff down with the butt of your own, then wind your point (while you must go up with the butt from the pressing) up from below to his face, near his right arm, while he presses upward. However, if he wants to lift the butt of his staff (while you wind over his staff with the butt of yours) and wind over above, then quickly turn your point from your left against his right over his right arm in around his head, and catch him around the neck with your staff, and jerk him toward you on your left side.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/423|2|lbl=Ⅲ.29v.2|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30r.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|2|lbl=Ⅲ.30r.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|3|lbl=Ⅲ.30r.3}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A staff-taking.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>It often happens that both staves become bound together in the middle; when this happens, stay on his staff with yours, and let go with your left hand; invert it, grab both staves, and go through below with the butt of your staff. Press upward toward you with your right hand, so he must let go, or fall when you step back with your right foot.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|4|lbl=Ⅲ.30r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|1|lbl=Ⅲ.30v.1|p=1}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Driving.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Fence like this: when you are right foot forward in the approach, with your left hand foremost on the staff, lift up your staff with both hands toward your left shoulder, and thus strike strongly through (with a further step of your left foot) against his right from above to his fingers, ending in Right Lower Guard, with bent body, then tear strongly upward through his staff, ending again in Left Upper Guard. If he thrusts meanwhile, then strike down from above, and tear out up from below. Drive this one stroke strongly into three, four, or five together, until you see your opportunity to thrust.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|2|lbl=Ⅲ.30v.2}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A technique from the Driving.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the approach, as soon as you can reach your opponent, drive wickedly from above and below, as taught strongly together; when you have driven one stroke into four, then act as if you want to most earnestly and strongly strike to his right shoulder, but in striking down, move your staff nimbly hard on his staff through below, and step well out to his left side as you go through, and as you do so thrust over his left arm from the other side to his face.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/425|3|lbl=Ⅲ.30v.3}}
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|-
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|
 +
| <p>In all fencing observe diligently, that you in no way let yourself be provoked or deceived, and don't thrust a lone thrust expecially the forepart in the before, but if you find your opponent in a guard that gives you an opening, then you should not commit to the same thrust, but rather see if you can provoke him with withdrawn thrusts; afterward you may change through. But if he remains too long in his guard aforesaid, then you can suddenly overtake him, when he makes the slightest mistake. But if you have bound, and may not thrust well to some opening (in the before), put in a thrust hard on his staff, and feel precisely in thrusting, whether he wants to take out or strike out your thrust. As soon as you sense this, go through below with your thrust, and help his staff fully to the side, toward which he has struck out, or thrust in on the other side while he is striking out. But if you sense that he wants to thrust at the same time as you do, then don't move your staff, but rather act subtly and secretly or unnoticed, until he makes a full thrust. As soon as he thrusts, then move out his staff in your thrust, and fully put in your upraised thrust. Thus you should not be moving in all techniques, but rather attend to how he approaches, so you can the more smoothly encounter him.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|1|lbl=Ⅲ.31r.1}}
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|-
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| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | <p>'''Another from the going through.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Drive again through his staff as before, once, twice, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then fall through below his staff, and quickly tear out his staff downward from your right toward your left, and let your staff go around your head, and strike long with one hand. But before I finish with this weapon, I will also run over and go through the others, because without it these three weapons fence from one ground.</p>
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/426|2|lbl=Ⅲ.31r.2}}
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|}
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{{master subsection end}}
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{{master subsection begin
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| title = Of the Halberd
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| width = 90em
 +
}}
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{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=Ⅲ.32r.1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|2|lbl=Ⅲ.32r.2}}
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|-
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|3|lbl=Ⅲ.32r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/429|1|lbl=Ⅲ.32v.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/429|2|lbl=Ⅲ.32v.2}}
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|-
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/429|3|lbl=Ⅲ.32v.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/430|1|lbl=Ⅲ.33r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/430|2|lbl=Ⅲ.33r.2}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/430|3|lbl=Ⅲ.33r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/430|4|lbl=Ⅲ.33r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/432|1|lbl=Ⅲ.34r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/432|2|lbl=Ⅲ.34r.2}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/432|3|lbl=Ⅲ.34r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/432|4|lbl=Ⅲ.34r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/433|1|lbl=Ⅲ.34v.1|p=1}}
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|-
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/433|2|lbl=Ⅲ.34v.2}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/433|3|lbl=Ⅲ.34v.3}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/434|1|lbl=Ⅲ.35r.1}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/434|2|lbl=Ⅲ.35r.2}}
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|-
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/434|3|lbl=Ⅲ.35r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/434|4|lbl=Ⅲ.35r.4}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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|
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/434|5|lbl=Ⅲ.35r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/436|1|lbl=Ⅲ.36r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/436|2|lbl=Ⅲ.36r.2}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/436|3|lbl=Ⅲ.36r.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/436|4|lbl=Ⅲ.36r.4}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff M.jpg|400px|center]]
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| rowspan="2" |
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| rowspan="2" |
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/436|5|lbl=Ⅲ.36r.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|1|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|400px|center]]
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|-
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|2|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.2}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|3|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|4|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.4}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|5|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.5}}
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|-
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/438|6|lbl=Ⅲ.37r.6}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/440|1|lbl=Ⅲ.38r.1}}
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|-
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/440|2|lbl=Ⅲ.38r.2}}
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|-
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/440|3|lbl=Ⅲ.38r.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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|
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/440|4|lbl=Ⅲ.38r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|1|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.1|p=1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|2|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|3|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.3}}
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|-
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| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|4|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.4}}
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|}
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{{master subsection end}}
 +
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Fencing in the Long Staff
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
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|-
 +
|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|5|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.5}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/441|6|lbl=Ⅲ.38v.6}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/442|1|lbl=Ⅲ.39r.1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/442|2|lbl=Ⅲ.39r.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/442|3|lbl=Ⅲ.39r.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/442|4|lbl=Ⅲ.39r.4}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/442|5|lbl=Ⅲ.39r.5}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Cover.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/444|1|lbl=Ⅲ.40r.1}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/444|2|lbl=Ⅲ.40r.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/444|3|lbl=Ⅲ.40r.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/445|1|lbl=Ⅲ.40v.1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/445|2|lbl=Ⅲ.40v.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/445|3|lbl=Ⅲ.40v.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/446|1|lbl=Ⅲ.41r.1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/446|2|lbl=Ⅲ.41r.2}}
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|-
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/446|3|lbl=Ⅲ.41r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/447|1|lbl=Ⅲ.41v.1|p=1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/447|2|lbl=Ⅲ.41v.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/447|3|lbl=Ⅲ.41v.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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|
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/447|4|lbl=Ⅲ.41v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/449|1|lbl=Ⅲ.42v.1|p=1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/449|2|lbl=Ⅲ.42v.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/449|3|lbl=Ⅲ.42v.3}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/449|4|lbl=Ⅲ.42v.4}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/449|5|lbl=Ⅲ.42v.5|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/450|1|lbl=Ⅲ.43r.1|p=1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/450|2|lbl=Ⅲ.43r.2}}
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|-
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| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/450|3|lbl=Ⅲ.43r.3}}
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|}
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{{master subsection end}}
 +
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = The Second Part of the Long Staff
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/450|4|lbl=Ⅲ.43r.4}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/451|1|lbl=Ⅲ.43v.1}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/451|2|lbl=Ⅲ.43v.2}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/451|3|lbl=Ⅲ.43v.3}}
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|-
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff L.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/453|1|lbl=Ⅲ.44v.1}}
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|-
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|
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/453|2|lbl=Ⅲ.44v.2}}
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|-
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|
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|
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/453|3|lbl=Ⅲ.44v.3}}
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|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/454|1|lbl=Ⅲ.45r.1}}
 +
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|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/457|4|lbl=Ⅲ.46v.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/458|1|lbl=Ⅲ.47r.1|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/458|2|lbl=Ⅲ.47r.2}}
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|-
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| class="noline" |
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| class="noline" |
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| class="noline" |
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{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/458|3|lbl=Ⅲ.47r.3|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/459|1|lbl=Ⅲ.47v.1|p=1}}
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|}
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{{master subsection end}}
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{{master end}}
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{{master begin
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| title = Armored Fencing
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| width = 90em
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}}
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{| class="master"
 +
|-
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! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)|Munich Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)}}</p>
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|}
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{{master end}}
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{{master begin
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| title = Additional cutting diagrams
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| width = 100%
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}}
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{{master subsection begin
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| title = Lund Diagrams
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| width = 90em
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}}
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{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
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|-
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| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
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|
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| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
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|
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| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
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|-
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| class="noline" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
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| class="noline" |
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| class="noline" | {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
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|}
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{{master subsection begin
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| title = Rostock Diagrams
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| width = 90em
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}}
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{| class="master"
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|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
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|-
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| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
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| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
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|-
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| <p>'''Item'''</p>
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<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
 +
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
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.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
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.d. . . . . . Parting line<br/>
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.e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line<br/>
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.f. . . . . . arm line<br/>
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.g. . . . . . hand line</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| <p>'''Item'''</p>
 +
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<p>.&#x0023;. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|3|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| class="noline" rowspan="6" | [[File:MS Var.82 002v.png|400px|center]]
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| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The First Rule:}}</p>
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<p>In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|1|lbl=003r}}
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|-
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| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
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<p>As often as you have use in binding with the weapons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Third Rule:}}</p>
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<p>The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|3|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 4. Rule:}}</p>
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<p>As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|4|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 5. Rule:}}</p>
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<p>Your work drive to first to the Feeble,<br/>than to the Strength, than to the body.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|5|lbl=-}}
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|-
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| class="noline" | <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
 +
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<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
 +
In the Strength you may rush him twice.<br/>
 +
Between the binding displace well<br/>
 +
and hard work in all engagement<br/>
 +
The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it<br/>
 +
In all engagements look out for the cut<br/>
 +
In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust)<br/>
 +
Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening,<br/>
 +
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 +
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
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|}
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{{master end}}
 
{{master end}}
  
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* [[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. "A new manuscript of Joachim Meyer (1561)". ''Acta Periodica Duellatorum'' '''9'''(1), 2021. {{doi|10.36950/apd-2021-004}}
 
* [[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. "A new manuscript of Joachim Meyer (1561)". ''Acta Periodica Duellatorum'' '''9'''(1), 2021. {{doi|10.36950/apd-2021-004}}
 
* [[Alex Kiermayer|Kiermayer, Alex]]. ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570''. [[Arts of Mars Books]], 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
 
* [[Alex Kiermayer|Kiermayer, Alex]]. ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570''. [[Arts of Mars Books]], 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens'''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
+
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. Ed. Wolfgang Landwehr. Herne: VS-Books, 2011. ISBN 978-3-932077-37-1
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
 
** 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
 
** 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7

Revision as of 20:40, 29 July 2021

Joachim Meyer
Born ca. 1537
Basel, Germany
Died 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
Schwerin, Germany
Spouse(s) Appolonia Ruhlman
Occupation
Citizenship Strasbourg
Patron
  • Georg Johann Ⅰ
  • Heinrich von Eberst
Movement Freifechter
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des
Fechtens
(1570)
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Forgeng, 2006
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Joachim Meyer sig.jpg

Joachim Meyer (ca. 1537 - 1571)[1] was a 16th century German cutler, Freifechter, and fencing master. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master Johannes Liechtenauer, and in the later years of his life he devised at least four distinct and quite extensive fencing manuals. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including Italian rapier fencing.[2] In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.[3]

Meyer was born in Basel,[4] where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.[5]

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)[1] and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a Fechtschule (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;[6] the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript (MS Bibl. 2465) in 1561 for Georg Johann Ⅰ, Count Palatine of Veldenz, and his second (MS A.4º.2) in 1568 for Otto, Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.[7] Both of these manuscripts contain a series of lessons on training with long sword, dussack, and rapier; the 1561 also covers dagger, polearms, and armored fencing. His third manuscript (MS Var.82), written between 1563 and 1571 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including Sigmund ain Ringeck, pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and Martin Syber, and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German Messer teachings.

Finally, on 24 February 1570, Meyer completed an enormous treatise entitled Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of Tobias Stimmer.[8] It contains all of the weapons of the 1561 manuscript apart from fencing in armor, and dramtically expands his teachings on each.

Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.[1] Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.[6]

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.[1]

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.[9][10]

Contents

Treatises

Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in three manuscripts prepared in the 1560s: the 1561 MS Bibl. 2465 (Munich), the 1568 MS A.4º.2 (Lund), and the MS Var. 82 (Rostock), which Meyer may have still been working at the time of his death in 1571. Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.

The first section of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he describes as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter Andre Paurenfeyndt (via Christian Egenolff's reprint) and Liechtenauer glossators Sigmund ain Ringeck and Lew, as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief Recital of Martin Syber. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary Paulus Hector Mair was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a greatsword and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second section of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.[11] Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,[12] combines the old Messer teachings of Johannes Lecküchner and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurenfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of Achille Marozzo). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.

The third section of Meyer's treatise is omitted in the Lund manuscript but present in the Munich and the 1570, and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons; to this, the Munich adds several plays of armored fencing. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo[13] and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurenfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the pike). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

Additional Resources

  • Dupuis, Olivier. "A new manuscript of Joachim Meyer (1561)". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 9(1), 2021. doi:10.36950/apd-2021-004
  • Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
  • Meyer, Joachim. Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’. Ed. Wolfgang Landwehr. Herne: VS-Books, 2011. ISBN 978-3-932077-37-1
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng.
    • 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
    • 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
    • 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Dupuis, Olivier. Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat. Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.
  2. Castle, Egerton. Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.
  3. Naumann, Robert. Serapeum. Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.
  4. According to his wedding certificate.
  5. The influence of Achilles Marozzo's printed treatise is, however, apparent in the rapier illustrations of his 1561 manuscript and the dagger plays in his book.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer". Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  7. Norling, Roger. "The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  8. Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.
  9. Schaer, Alfred. Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.
  10. Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. Fencing. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.
  11. Roberts, James. "System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  12. Roger Norling. "The Dussack - a weapon of war". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  13. Norling, Roger. "Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  14. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  15. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  16. The "st" ligature is inverted.
  17. Typo, should be "wolt, könne".
  18. Originally printed "abzutzest", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  19. Originally printed "verhauren", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  20. The "t" is inverted.
  21. Ⅲ.47v indicates that this was printed "erbangen" and needed to be corrected to "erlangen", but that's not true in any copy available for consult.
  22. Originally printed "mim", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  23. Originally printed "Higur", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  24. Originally printed "Fellen", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  25. Originally printed "gem" (with an inverted g), but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  26. Originally printed "allo", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  27. Originally printed "Atm", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  28. The first 't' is inverted.
  29. Terminal 'e' is inverted.
  30. Corrected from Im, the first stroke of the “m” has been cancelled.
  31. Spitz uber- is clearly copied twice, this is probably an eye-skip.
  32. Originally printed "bleiden", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  33. Originally printed "klnie", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  34. Originally printed "duch", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  35. The second "e" is inverted.
  36. Originally printed "fein", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  37. Originally printed "behendig ich", but corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  38. Misnumbered 87r.
  39. 39.00 39.01 39.02 39.03 39.04 39.05 39.06 39.07 39.08 39.09 39.10 39.11 39.12 39.13 39.14 39.15 39.16 39.17 39.18 39.19 39.20 39.21 39.22 39.23 39.24 39.25 39.26 39.27 39.28 39.29 39.30 39.31 indes
  40. palm up
  41. Illegible deletion.
  42. oberhauw
  43. ‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it
  44. short edge
  45. “Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.
  46. short edge
  47. Unleserliche Streichung. Illegible deletion.
  48. Unleserliche gestrichen Einfügung oberhalb der Zeile. Crossed out illegible insertion above the line.
  49. Die Schlaufe des »h« trägt ein Diärese. The loop of the “h” carries a diaeresis.
  50. Korrigiert aus »mitelhauw«. Corrected from “mitelhauw”.
  51. Leicht unleserlich. Slightly illegible.
  52. Überschriebens »vom«. Overwritten “vom”.
  53. Inserted by means of a special mark.
  54. Word inserted next to the text.
  55. Inserted nest to the text.
  56. Zwei Worte am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Two words inserted at the margin.
  57. Wort am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Word inserted at the margin.