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Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise.</ref>
 
Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise.</ref>
  
Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)<ref name="Dupuis"/> and joined the Cutler's Guild. His interests had already moved beyond knife-smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;<ref name="Van Slambrouck">Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291284452_The_Life_and_Work_of_Joachim_Meyer The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer]". ''Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.''</ref> the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.
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Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)<ref name="Dupuis"/> and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;<ref name="Van Slambrouck">Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291284452_The_Life_and_Work_of_Joachim_Meyer The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer]". ''Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.''</ref> the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.
  
 
Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/the-history-of-joachim-meyers-treatise-to-von-solms/ The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[long sword]], [[dussack]], and [[rapier]]. His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].<ref>Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.</ref>  
 
Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/the-history-of-joachim-meyers-treatise-to-von-solms/ The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[long sword]], [[dussack]], and [[rapier]]. His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].<ref>Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.</ref>  
  
Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.<ref name="Dupuis"/> Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 500 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.<ref name="Van Slambrouck"/>
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Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.<ref name="Dupuis"/> Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.<ref name="Van Slambrouck"/>
  
 
Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.<ref name="Dupuis"/>
 
Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.<ref name="Dupuis"/>
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== Treatises ==
 
== Treatises ==
  
Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund) and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.<ref>[[Jens P. Kleinau]]. "[http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/1561-joachim-meyer-dedicated-a-fencing-book-to-the-pfalzgrafen-of-pfalz-veldenz-2/ 1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz]". ''Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau''. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. In keeping with this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises to present a method for training to fence, a significant departure from the earlier works in the tradition which explain the system of fencing directly. In keeping with this, he illustrated the techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed fencing swords, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
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Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund) and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.<ref>[[Jens P. Kleinau]]. "[http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/1561-joachim-meyer-dedicated-a-fencing-book-to-the-pfalzgrafen-of-pfalz-veldenz-2/ 1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz]". ''Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau''. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
  
The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
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The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Lew]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
  
 
The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
 
The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
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! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
 
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<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
 
<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
 
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
 
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
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| <p>Your Grace</p>
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| class="noline" | <p>Your Grace</p>
  
 
<p>Subserviently Willing</p>
 
<p>Subserviently Willing</p>
  
 
<p>Joachim Meyer<br/>Fencing Master</p>
 
<p>Joachim Meyer<br/>Fencing Master</p>
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! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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<section begin="credits1"/>
 
<section begin="credits1"/>
{| class="floated master"
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| <p>Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.</p>
 
| <p>Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|3|lbl=1.1rac}}
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|3|lbl=1.1rc}}
  
 
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| <p>Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.</p>
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| class="noline" | <p>Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|3|lbl=1.2vc}}
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|3|lbl=1.2vc}}
  
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| <p>The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.</p>
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| class="noline" | <p>The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|3|lbl=1.4rc}}
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|3|lbl=1.4rc}}
  
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| <p>The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.</p>
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| class="noline" | <p>The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|6|lbl=1.5rf}}
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|6|lbl=1.5rf}}
  
  
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| <p>Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.</p>
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|4|lbl=1.9vd}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|4|lbl=1.9vd}}
  
 
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{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
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! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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|-  
 
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|  
 
|  
| '''Of The Strikes<br/>Chapt. 4'''
+
| <p>'''Of The Strikes'''</p>
Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.
+
 
| '''[Xv] Von den Häuwen.<br/>Cap. 4.'''
+
<p>Chapter 4</p>
Nun kompt das man zu der kunst und freien Ritterlichen übung selbst schreite / nemlich zu den Haewen / welche das eine rechte Hauptstück im Fechten /wie solches anfangs gemeldet) seind / wie viel deren / was ein jeder sey / wie er gemacht und volbracht sol werden / ist nöttig hie etwas zusagen / will allein hie den freundlichen Leser zu vorderst erinnert haben / Dieweil zwischen dem Schwerdt Fechten zu unsern zeiten / wie bey unsern vornfahren und uralten im gebrauch gewesen / ein grosser underscheid / das ich an diesem ort nur was jetzund gebräuchlich und so viel zum Schwerdt gehörig von häuwen erzelen / so vil der alten gebrauch aber belangt / wie sie beide mit Hauwen und stechen scharpff gefochten / will ich in seinem gewissen unnd sondern ort anzeigen.
+
 
 +
<p>Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|1|lbl=1.10va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.
+
| <p>However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.</p>
| Der Häuw aber so vie das Schwerdt jetzt belangt / sind zweierlei underschiedne art / als gerade und verkerte Häuw / die Gerade nenne ich so mit Langer schneid und außgestreckten Armen gegen dem Man gehauwen werden / deren sein vier Ober / Zorn / Mittel / Underhauw / auß disen dieweil die anderen alle herkommen / und keiner auff der welt so seltzam erdacht noch erfunden kann werden / der nit under deren einem füglich möchte begriffen werden / seind sie auch / unnd billich / die Haupt oder Principal Häuw geheissen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|2|lbl=1.10vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes. Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.
+
| <p>The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes.</p>
| Die Verkerte Häuw seind die / wan man in den Häuwen die handt mit dem Schwerdt verkert also das man nicht mit voller oder Langer schneid / soder etwa mit halber schneid / flech / oder einer ecken den Man trifft / als da geschicht mit dem Glitz / Kurtz / Kron / Schiel / Krump / Zwerch / Brell / Blend / Windt / Knichel / Sturtz / Wechselhauw. '''[XIr]''' Dise dieweil sie auß den vier oberzelten Häuwen herkomen sein / werden sie darauß wachsende Häuw genannt.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|3|lbl=1.10vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.
+
| <p>Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.</p>
| Nun auß disen beiden komen un werden außgelesen fünff / so die Meisterhäuw genandt werden / nit das wer dieselben wie Recht volbringen kann / als bald ein Meister dieser kunst zunennen / sondern das aus denselben alle rechte künstliche stuck die einem Meister wol gezimen zuwissen her gehen / und der sie recht Fechten und brauchen kann / für einen kunstreichen Fechter zuhalten / sintemal alle Meisterstuck in denselben verborgen / und man derer mit nichten kann entberen. Die seind der Zorn / Krump / Zwerch / Schieler / und Scheitelhauw.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|1|lbl=1.11ra}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.
+
| <p>Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.</p>
| Diese alle wie sie gemacht sollen werden / will ich ordenlich nach einander anzeigen / und erstlich von den Geraden Häuwen sagen / under welchen der erst der Oberhauw.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|2|lbl=1.11rb}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Over Strike'''
+
| <p>How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.</p>
The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|3|lbl=1.11rc}}
| '''Oberhauw.'''
 
DEr Oberhauw ist ein Gerader hauw stracks von Oben / gegen deines widerparts kopff nach dem Schedel zu / darumb er auch Schedelhauw genant wirt.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Wrathful Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Over Strike'''</p>
The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.
+
 
| '''Zornhauw.'''
+
<p>The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.</p>
DEr Zornhauw ist ein Schlimmer hauw von deiner Rechte Achsel / gegen deines widerparts lincken ohrs / oder durch sein gesicht und Brust / Schlims durch wie die zwo Linien / so durch die auffrecht Linien kreutzweiß uber einander sich schrencken anzeigen. Diß ist der sterckest under allen andern / als darinen alle krafft unnd manligkeit des des Mans gegen seinem feindt im Kempffen unnd Fechten gelegen / darumb er auch von den Alten Streithauw oder Vatterstreich genant und geheissen wirt. Von gedachten Lini findestu hernach / etc.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|4|lbl=1.11rd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| rowspan="2" | '''Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Wrathful Strike'''</p>
The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is traverses above, as shown in the Traverse line including both C and G. Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.
+
 
| rowspan="2" | '''[XIv] Mittel oder Uberzwerchhauw.'''
+
<p>The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.</p>
Der Mittel oder zwerchhauw kann fast aller ding wie der Zornhauw gemacht werden / allein ist diß der underscheidt / das wie der Zornhauw schlims uber ort / also dieser aber uberzwerch volbracht wirdt / wie zusehen an der uberzwerch Linien mit beiden Buchstaben G und C verzeichnet / solche Linie findestu hernach im Dusacken.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|5|lbl=1.11re}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
+
| <p>'''Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is traverses above, as shown in the Traverse line including both C and G. Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|1|lbl=1.11va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Under Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Under Strike'''</p>
This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.
+
 
| '''Underhauw.'''
+
<p>This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.</p>
Disen machstu also / Verhauw dich das du in Rechten Ochsen kommest (davon im nechst vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) und als bald du deinen gegenfechter erlangen kanst / so trit und hauw von Unden uberzwerch nach seinem Lincken Arm / das du mit dem kreutz hoch uber deinem Haupt kommest / so hastu in volbracht. Davon besihe die kleinen bossen in der Figur mit dem B gegen der Lincken handt.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|2|lbl=1.11vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Glancing Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Glancing Strike'''</p>
The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.
+
 
| '''Schielhauw.'''
+
<p>The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.</p>
Schielhauw ist auch ein Oberhauw / aber darumb also genant das er gleich mit einer kleinen Schiele gehawen / wirt also gemacht / stell dich in die Hut des Tags oder Zorns (davon im dritten Capitel) mit dem Lincken fuß vor / wirt auff dich gehauwen / so Hauwe hingegen / doch im streich verwende dein kurtze schneid gegen seinem streich / unnd Schlag mit ebichter hand zuglich mit ihme hinein / trit mit deinem Rechten Fuß wol auff seine Lincke seiten / und nimm den Kopf geschwindt mit / so hastu ihm recht gethan / und stehest wie das grosser Bild in nechst gedachter Figur mit dem G gegen der lincken anzeiget.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|3|lbl=1.11vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Arc Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Arc Strike'''</p>
This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.
+
 
| '''[XIIrv] Krumphauw.'''
+
<p>This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.</p>
DIser Hauw wirt also volbracht / stehe in der Zornhut mit dem Lincken fuß vor / Hauwet dein gegen Man auff dich / so trit mit deinem Rechten fuß wol auß seinem streich gegen seiner Lincken seiten / Hauwe mit Langer schneid unnd geschrenckten henden seinem hauw entgegen / oder zwischen seinen Kopff und Klingen / uberzwerch auff seine hendt / und laß die Kling wol uber seinen Arm uberschiessen / wie solches in der Figuren mit dem D an obern bossen zur rechten Hand zusehen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|1|lbl=1.12va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Thwart'''
+
| <p>'''Thwart'''</p>
You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.
+
 
| '''Zwerch.'''
+
<p>You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.</p>
ZU der Zwerch schick dich also / stell dich im zufechten in die Zornhut zur Rechten (davon in vorgedachte Capitel) das ist / setz deinen Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt an deine Rechte Achsel / als ob du ein Zornhauw thun wolltest / Hauwet dan dein gegen Man auff dich von dach oder Oben / so Hauwe zugleich mit halber schneid / von unden uberzwerch gegen seinem hauw / behalt dein kreutz hoch ob deinem Haupt / damit dein Kopff versetzet sey / und mit dem hauw zugleich trit wol auff seine Lincke seiten / so versetzestu und triffest mit einander wie die zwen bossen in der Figur mit dem H gegen der Lincken anzeigen. Wie du diese Zwerch zur Lincken volbracht / also soltu sie auch gegen seiner Rechten in das weck richten / allein das du gegen seiner Rechten mit Langer schneide antreffen solt.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|2|lbl=1.12vb}}
  
 
<section begin="Kurtzhauw"/>
 
<section begin="Kurtzhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Short Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Short Strike'''</p>
This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.
+
 
| '''Kurtzhauw.'''
+
<p>This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.</p>
DIser ist ein heimlicher durchgang / und wirt also gemacht / wann man von Oben zu dir einhauwet / so stelle dich als woltestu mit dem Krumphauw / das ist mit halber schneide auff sein Schwerdt anbinden / underlaß es doch / unnd fahr behend under seinem Schwerdt durch / schlahe mit halber schneid unnd geschrenckten Armen '''[XIIIr]''' uber seinen Rechten arm zum Kopff / so hast sein Schwerdt mit Langer schneid auffgefangen / unnd den Kurtzhauw volbracht / und stehest nach ende desselbigen / wie an den obern kleinern bossen zur Lincken / das Bilde gegen der Rechten handt außweisset / welche Figur ist mit dem Buchstaben B verzeichnet.
+
|
<section end="Kurtzhauw"/><section begin="Glützhauw"/>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|3|lbl=1.12vc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|1|lbl=1.13ra|p=1}}
 +
<section end="Kurtzhauw"/> <section begin="Glützhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Slide Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Slide Strike'''</p>
The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.
+
 
| '''Glützhauw.'''
+
<p>The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.</p>
DEr Glützhauw wirdt dermassen volbracht / hauwet einer von Oben gegen dir zu / so schlag mit letzer oder ebichier handt gegen seinem streich / der Lincken obern Blöß zu / laß deinen Schwerdts klinge an seiner klingen mit ebichter fleche abritschen / das die kurtze schneidt im schwung uber die handt den Kopff treffe.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|2|lbl=1.13rb}}
 
<section end="Glützhauw"/><section begin="Prellhauw"/>
 
<section end="Glützhauw"/><section begin="Prellhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Bounce Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Bounce Strike'''</p>
This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.
 
| '''Prellhauw.'''
 
DIser ist zweyerley: Einer der Einfach / der ander der Doppel genandt. Der Einfache wirt also gemacht / hauwet dein gegentheil auff dich von Oben her / so begegne seinem streich mit einer Zwerch / als bald es dan glitzt so zuck das Schwerdt umb deinen Kopf / unnd schlag von deiner Lincken mit außwendiger letzer flech / zu seinem Oher / aller ding wie das reosser Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K außweißt / das das Schwerdt widerumb zu ruck abprelt / zuck es also im abpreleten schwung wider umb deinen Kopf / Hauw mit der zwerch zur Lincken / so ist er volbracht.
 
  
 +
<p>This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|3|lbl=1.13rc}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.
+
| <p>Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.</p>
| Den Doppeln mach also / als bald im zufechten dein widerpart sein Schwerdt in die lufft bringt zur arbeit / so stell dich in den Rechten Ochsen (davon im nechsten Capitel) zucke das Schwerdt umb dein Haupt / unnd Hauw mit inwendiger flech von deiner Rechten starck wider seine klinge / das dir dein Knopf im schlag unden an die spindel rühre / wie solchs an dem grossern Bild in der Figur I verzeichnet / gegen der Lincken handt zusehen / im streich aber trit mit deinem rechten fuß wol umb seinen Lincke / und so bald es glitzt oder rühret / so ruck es ubersich / reiß in des gegen der Lincken seiten gleich mit auß / und schlage behend außwendig mit ebichter handt wider '''[XIIIIr]''' umb zu derselben Blöß hinein / nemlich mit letzer oder ebichter fleche / als wann es sich in einem widerprell also herte umbprellt / so hastu ihn recht gemacht.
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|4|lbl=1.13rd|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|1|lbl=1.14ra|p=1}}
 
<section end="Prellhauw"/><section begin="Blendthauw"/>
 
<section end="Prellhauw"/><section begin="Blendthauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Blind Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Blind Strike'''</p>
Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.
+
 
| '''Blendthauw.'''
+
<p>Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.</p>
BIndt dem Mann von deiner Rechten an sein Schwerdt / windt im Bandt mit dem gehültz oder Hefft unden durch gegen seiner Lincken seiten / wann nun dein widerpart dem winden will nachwischen / so schnell geschwindt von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken mit geschrenckten henden / die schweche zu seinem Kopff / das ist der vorder ort / windt behend wider durch / oder reiß auff deiner Lincken seiten mit halber schneiden auß / so hastu den Blendthauw volbracht / dieser Blendthauw wirdt auff vil wege gemacht. Darvon in Stucken weiter.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|2|lbl=1.14rb}}
 
<section end="Blendthauw"/><section begin="Windthauw"/>
 
<section end="Blendthauw"/><section begin="Windthauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Wound Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Wound Strike'''</p>
The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.
+
 
| '''Windthauw.'''
+
<p>The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.</p>
DEr Windthauw wirt volgender gestalt gemacht / Hauwet dein gegenpart auff dich von Oben / so Hauwe von Unden mit gekreuzten henden / von deiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / also das dein Knopff under deinem rechten Arm außsehe / unnd so bald es gliitzt / so blad trit mit dem Linkcen fuß von ihme aus / wol auff dein Lincke seiten / zeuch dein Schwerdts knopff wider ab in ein runde / gegen deiner Lincken seiten herfür / das deine Lange schneid uber seinem Rechten Arm hinder seine klingen seinen Kopff im schwang rühret / oder uber seinen rechten Arm treffe / davon besihe das grosser Bild in gedachter Figur mit dem H gezeichnet zur Rechten / und das demnach zuglich dein Schwerdt neben deiner seiten ausfliehe / unnd Hauw behendt durch das kreutz wider dargegen / so ist er gemacht.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|3|lbl=1.14rc}}
 
<section end="Windthauw"/><section begin="Kronhauw"/>
 
<section end="Windthauw"/><section begin="Kronhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Crown Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Crown Strike'''</p>
This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.
+
 
| '''Kronhauw.'''
+
<p>This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.</p>
DIeser helt sich also / wann du im Pflug stehest / oder sonsten durch ein Leger (von welchem im vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) von Unden auff zustechest / unnd dein widerpart von Oben auff dich Hauwet / so fahre mit uberzwerchem kreutz ubersich / fang ihme seinen streich in der lufft auff dein schilt oder kreutzstang / und als bald es glitschet / stoß den Knopff behnd ubersich / und schlag ihn mit der halben schneiden hinder seiner klingen auff den Kopff / so hastu den Kronhauw recht volbracht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|4|lbl=1.14rd}}
 
<section end="Kronhauw"/><section begin="Kniechelhauw"/>
 
<section end="Kronhauw"/><section begin="Kniechelhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Knuckle Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Knuckle Strike'''</p>
This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.
+
 
| '''[XIIIIv] Kniechelhauw.'''
+
<p>This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.</p>
DIeser hat den Namen von dem Gliedt / nach welchem er gerichtet wirdt / den vollend also / wann du mit deinen henden hoch uber den Kopff nach dem ersten angriff / deinem gegenfechter under sein Schwerdt kommen bist / und seinen Kopff also zwischen beiden Armen heltet / so Hauw mit den Zwirchhäuwen under seines Schwerts Knopff / ubersich nach seinen Kniecheln / oder zu den gelencken zwischen seiner Hand und Arm / helt er die hendt gar zu hoch / so Hauw mit obgemelten Zwirchhäuwen von Unden auff nach dem knöpfflein bey den Elenbogen / so ist er gemacht.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|1|lbl=1.14va}}
 
<section end="Kniechelhauw"/><section begin="Sturzhauw"/>
 
<section end="Kniechelhauw"/><section begin="Sturzhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Plunge Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Plunge Strike'''</p>
Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.
+
 
| '''Sturzhauw.'''
+
<p>Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.</p>
OBwohl dieser Hauw ein Oberhauw ist / unnd dafür geachtet das zwischen diesem und jenem ein geringer underscheidt sey / wirdt doch dieser darumb der Sturzhauw genant / das er im durchhauwen alweg oben ubersturzt / das die spitz dem widerpart gegen seinem gesicht kompt in Ochsen / und wirt den mehrertheil im gang oder zufechten gebraucht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|2|lbl=1.14vb}}
 
<section end="Sturzhauw"/><section begin="Wechselhauw"/>
 
<section end="Sturzhauw"/><section begin="Wechselhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Change Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Change Strike'''</p>
The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.
+
 
| '''Wechselhauw.'''
+
<p>The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.</p>
DEr Wechselhauw ist nichts anders / dann vor dem Manne mit den häuwen von einer seiten zur andern / von Oben zum Undern und hinwieder abwechseln / ihn damit irre zumachen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|3|lbl=1.14vc}}
 
<section end="Wechselhauw"/><section begin="Schneller"/>
 
<section end="Wechselhauw"/><section begin="Schneller"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Rusher or Twitch-hit'''
+
| <p>'''Rusher or Twitch-hit'''</p>
Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.
+
 
| '''Schneller oder Zeckrur.'''
+
<p>Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.</p>
SChneller oder Zeckrur ist fast ein ding / welche eigentlich nit häuw seindt die gehauwen / sonder geschnelt werden / die werden volbracht in mitten oder voller arbeit / wann einer fug hat / so nemlich von Oben oder auff beiden seiten / oder von Unden gegen deinem gegenpart mit der flech oder eussern theil der klingen / das wehr last Schnappen oder in einem schwung oben oder under seiner klingen hinein schnellest.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|4|lbl=1.14vd}}
 
<section end="Schneller"/>
 
<section end="Schneller"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Diß ist kurtzlich die eigentlich beschreibung der Häuw / wie sie im Fechten des Schwerdts üblich / Dieweil [XVr] aber dieselb mit den streichen / treten unnd Häuwen nur wie sie auff eine seiten unnd art einfach gebraucht werden mögen / alhier beschrieben / und aber sie auff beiden seiten können gefochten werden / hab ich den gutherzigen Leser dessen alhier erinnern wollen / das gleicher gestalt ein jeder aus den vorgehenden Häuwen wie er gesetzt / unnd von einer seiten gemacht / also auch von der andern artig und füglich kann volbracht werden / darumb dann ich der selben weitleuffige widerholung unnd ernewerte beschreibung / als uberflüssig gutwillig übergangen.
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|5|lbl=1.14ve|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|1|lbl=1.15ra|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| Weil aber umb vile der Häuw und ihrer verenderung möchte gefragt werden / warumb solches beschehe / so doch alles genugsam in den vier Haupthäuwen sampt dem Schielhauw / mit welchem die andere verkehrte häuw begriffen unnd verstanden werden / will ich den liebhabenden Leser dieser kunst ermanet haben / das solche bißher erzelte zuhäuw wol all in den fünff Meisterhäuwen begriffen / als die aus denselbigen herwachsen / jedoch eigentlich von den erfahrnen dieser kunst / zu mehrer fleissiger unnd nutzlicher ersuchung / unnd von einander theilung der kunst darumb erfunden / unnd mit ihren underschiedlichen namen benamset / damit die kunst die also in einander gewickelt verborgen / desto ehe und leichter begriffen / gefast und underschiedlich behalten werden köndt.
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|2|lbl=1.15rb}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Of Displacing, a useful concept<br/>Chapt. 5'''
+
| <p>'''Of Displacing, a useful concept'''</p>
Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.
+
 
| '''Vom versetzen ein nützliche vermanung.<br/>Cap. 5.'''
+
<p>Chapt. 5</p>
Nach dem das Fechten auff zweyen fürnemen stucken beruhet / als nemlich zum ersten auff den Häuwen mit welchen du dein feindt begerst zustillen / dann zum andern auff dem Versetzen / das ist wie du die Häuw so von deinem feindt auff dich gericht möchst abschaffen / krafftloß und die nichtsöllig machen solt. Wie du aber die Häuw volbringen und ins werck richten / ist hievor gnugsam erkleret / dieweil aber ein jeder Hauw so wol zur gegenwehr deins feindts streich / damit abzuschaffen gebraucht wirt / als zur verletzung seins leibs / haben die Häuw ohn mit lehrung der versatzungen nicht können gelehrt werden / derwegen wie du bißher gelehrt die Häuw [XVv] hauwen bistu zugleich auch wie du die Häuw abtragen solt / gelert und underricht worden / dises ob es wol mit den Häuwen wie jetzt gehört / nit kann abgesondert werden / will doch von nöten sein / hie von insonderheit mit underschiedlicher theilung zuhandlen. Merck derwegen anfenglich das des Versetzens zweyerley ist / das erste ist da du ohn allen sondern vortheil / gemeniglich nur aus forcht versetzest / in welchem du nichts anders thust / dann mit deinem Wehr / so du deinem gegenfechter entgegen heltst die streich die von im beschehen aufffahest / auch nit begerest ihn zu beschedigen / allein benüget an dem / wie du ohn schaden von ihm abziehen mögest.
+
 
 +
<p>Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|3|lbl=1.15rc|p=1}} [XVv] hauwen bistu zugleich auch wie du die Häuw abtragen solt / gelert und underricht worden / dises ob es wol mit den Häuwen wie jetzt gehört / nit kann abgesondert werden / will doch von nöten sein / hie von insonderheit mit underschiedlicher theilung zuhandlen. Merck derwegen anfenglich das des Versetzens zweyerley ist / das erste ist da du ohn allen sondern vortheil / gemeniglich nur aus forcht versetzest / in welchem du nichts anders thust / dann mit deinem Wehr / so du deinem gegenfechter entgegen heltst die streich die von im beschehen aufffahest / auch nit begerest ihn zu beschedigen / allein benüget an dem / wie du ohn schaden von ihm abziehen mögest.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.
+
| class="noline" | What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.
| '''[XXIIIr]''' Bißher hastu dun günstiger liber Leser nit allein gehört / auff was weis du mit den Häuwen deinen gegenpart angreiffen / sonder auch durch was mittel du im ferner in der Handtarbeit ohn dein schaden zuckommen mögest / Dieweil aber solches nit genug wo nit zum dritten ein guter abzug gemacht wirt / will ich dir in volgenden Capitel von dem abzichen rechte und klare anleitung geben.
+
| class="noline" | '''[XXIIIr]''' Bißher hastu dun günstiger liber Leser nit allein gehört / auff was weis du mit den Häuwen deinen gegenpart angreiffen / sonder auch durch was mittel du im ferner in der Handtarbeit ohn dein schaden zuckommen mögest / Dieweil aber solches nit genug wo nit zum dritten ein guter abzug gemacht wirt / will ich dir in volgenden Capitel von dem abzichen rechte und klare anleitung geben.
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.
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| class="noline" | While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.
| Weil aber alle stuck solches mit sich bringen / wirstu an seinem ort so von stucken gehandelt / solches gnügsam wol können vernemmen.
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| class="noline" | Weil aber alle stuck solches mit sich bringen / wirstu an seinem ort so von stucken gehandelt / solches gnügsam wol können vernemmen.
  
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.
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| class="noline" | The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.
| Der Trit aber seind drey fürneme underscheidt / Erstlich hindersich und fürsich / was diese sein darff nit vil erklerens / wann nemlich einer zu oder vom Mann trit. Zum andern seind auch trit auff die seiten / welche werden durch den Triangel abgetheilt / memlich also. Stehe auff gerater Lini mit dem rechten Fuß vor dem gegenman / und trit mit dem Lincken hinder deim Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken / und diser ist der Einfach. Der ander so doppelt gemacht helt sich also / Trit wie vor mit dem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken / folg denn mit dem Lincken hinder dem Rechten gegen seiner lincken etwas zur seiten / unnd dann zum dritten mit dem Rechten wider seiner Lincken zu. Zum dritte seind die gebrochne oder verstolene Tritt / die werden also volbracht / stell dich als woltestu mit dem einen Füß vortretten / ehe und den du in aber nider setzest / so trit wider mit im hindersich zuruck hinder den andern Fuß / Diese dieweil sie eigentlich in das Rappier gehören / so will ichs daselbest hin sparen.
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| class="noline" | Der Trit aber seind drey fürneme underscheidt / Erstlich hindersich und fürsich / was diese sein darff nit vil erklerens / wann nemlich einer zu oder vom Mann trit. Zum andern seind auch trit auff die seiten / welche werden durch den Triangel abgetheilt / memlich also. Stehe auff gerater Lini mit dem rechten Fuß vor dem gegenman / und trit mit dem Lincken hinder deim Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken / und diser ist der Einfach. Der ander so doppelt gemacht helt sich also / Trit wie vor mit dem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken / folg denn mit dem Lincken hinder dem Rechten gegen seiner lincken etwas zur seiten / unnd dann zum dritten mit dem Rechten wider seiner Lincken zu. Zum dritte seind die gebrochne oder verstolene Tritt / die werden also volbracht / stell dich als woltestu mit dem einen Füß vortretten / ehe und den du in aber nider setzest / so trit wider mit im hindersich zuruck hinder den andern Fuß / Diese dieweil sie eigentlich in das Rappier gehören / so will ichs daselbest hin sparen.
  
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.
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| class="noline" | The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.
| Das wörtlein Intus was es bedeutet laß ich den Latinis bleiben / aber das wörtlein Indes ist ein gut Teutsch wörtlein / un hat in sich ein ernstliche vermanung zu behender bedechtlichkeit / das einer alweg und geschwindt besonnen sey / als wan du erstlich in dem du zur Lincken schlechst / zum andern auch zugleich mit zur Rechten die Blös sehest / Denn zum dreitten ebenso wol warnemest so du der ersehenen Blöß zueiles / wo oder mit was stucken man dir zukommen möge / auff das du dich nicht an deines widerparts Blösse vergreiffest / und des schaden nemest. Also ermanet dich das wörtlein Indes / das du ein scharpff gesicht habest / welches zumal vil ersehen und warnemen / auch an deines gegenmans geberde gnugsam erlernen mögest / was für stuck er zu gebrauchen im sinn habe / und was dieselbige für Blösse mit sich bringen / und wo sie sich eröffnen werden. Dann in disen dingen allen welcher dich das wörtlein Indes ermanet / stehetalle kunst des Fechten (wie Lichtenawer sagt) unnd wo du solches nit warnimst / bedacht und fürsichtig alle Häuw führest / wirst leichtlich zu deinem schaden anlauffen / wie dann an allen Fechteren zusehen / welche einen also uberpolderen und (wie man sagt) oben aus und nirgent an wollen.
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| class="noline" | Das wörtlein Intus was es bedeutet laß ich den Latinis bleiben / aber das wörtlein Indes ist ein gut Teutsch wörtlein / un hat in sich ein ernstliche vermanung zu behender bedechtlichkeit / das einer alweg und geschwindt besonnen sey / als wan du erstlich in dem du zur Lincken schlechst / zum andern auch zugleich mit zur Rechten die Blös sehest / Denn zum dreitten ebenso wol warnemest so du der ersehenen Blöß zueiles / wo oder mit was stucken man dir zukommen möge / auff das du dich nicht an deines widerparts Blösse vergreiffest / und des schaden nemest. Also ermanet dich das wörtlein Indes / das du ein scharpff gesicht habest / welches zumal vil ersehen und warnemen / auch an deines gegenmans geberde gnugsam erlernen mögest / was für stuck er zu gebrauchen im sinn habe / und was dieselbige für Blösse mit sich bringen / und wo sie sich eröffnen werden. Dann in disen dingen allen welcher dich das wörtlein Indes ermanet / stehetalle kunst des Fechten (wie Lichtenawer sagt) unnd wo du solches nit warnimst / bedacht und fürsichtig alle Häuw führest / wirst leichtlich zu deinem schaden anlauffen / wie dann an allen Fechteren zusehen / welche einen also uberpolderen und (wie man sagt) oben aus und nirgent an wollen.
  
 
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! <p>Images</p>
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.
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| class="noline" | In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.
| Im zufechten komm in rechten Wechsel / hab acht so bald er sein Schwerdt auffzeucht zum streich / so streich behend vor jm ubersich durch / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch von deiner Rechten zugleich mit jhm eyn / im Hauw trit wol auff sein Lincke seiten / fehrt er mit seinem Hauw gerad zu deinem Kopff / so triffestu jhm mit der Zwirch an sein linkc Ohr / merckest du aber das er nit gerad zu deinem Kopff Hauwet / sonder verwendt sein Hauw mit Langer schneidt gegen deiner Zwirch zur versatzung / so Hauwe ehe es rürt mit langer Zwirch / behend zu seinem Rechten ohr / trit Indes mit deinem lincken Fus wol umb zu seiner Rechten / jetz hastu angriffen aus dem Wechsel mit zweyen Zwirchhäuwen / zu beiden seiten gegen einander uber. Diß nimstu nun aus dem ersten theil / zu disem angriff / Ferner wiltu zur Mittelarbeit tretten / so hilfft dir das ander '''[XXVIv]''' theil also / schlecht er von deinem Schwerdt umb zur andern seiten / so reiß jhm nach mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / truck jhn mit der sterck deiner klingen / oder mit deinem Schilt in einem ruck von dir / in dem er vom stoß noch dammelt / und sich noch nit erholet hat / so fahr in eil also mit gekreuzigten armen auff / und schlag jhn mit kurtzer schneidt uber seim rechten Arm auff sein Kopff / und solches wie bemelt ehe er sich vom stoß erholet / wo er sich aber erhielte unnd zur versatzung auffwischte / so laß dein Schwerdt wider abfliegen / unnd zwirch mit einem abtrit deines lincken Fuß zu seinem Lincken ohr / oder wo er nit abgehet oder umbschlecht / sonder bleibt mit dem Schnit oder Langer Schneid darauff / so verkehr dein Schwerdt das dein halb schneidan sein komme / riß jhm also sein Schwerdt auß auff dein Rechte seiten / in dessen aber laß in der lufft umbschnappen / damit deine hende hohe uber dein haupt wider kreutzweiß zusamen kommen / als dann schlag jhn wie vor / ehe er sich vom riß erholet mit kurtzer schneid auff sein Kopff / volgendt trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck / und Hauw ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneiden von deiner Rechten zu seinem halß / und in dem es glützt / so ziehe zu seiner Rechten mit hohen streichen ab. Also sihestu nun wie jmmer ein stuck nach dem andern / der gelegenheit und notturft nach muß gebraucht und zusamen gesetzt werden / biß das ein gantz Fechtstuck gemacht werde. Hie merck aber letzlichen / das auch gantze stuck nur mit zweyen oder dreyen streichen können vollendt werden / als da du mit dem ersten streich in eil angreiffst / und mit dem andern wider abhauwest / und in disen streichen entweders mit dem ersten oder letzten triffst / mit welchen es am füglichsten mag beschehen / oder da du es mit dreien Häwen volfürest / mit dem ersten nemlich angreiffst / den andern nachfolgest / wenn aber / und zu welcher gelegner zeit solches muß beschehen / ist hie on not davon zu sagen / der Marck wie man spricht / wirt dich solches selbst wol leren / nach dem du alle andere Fechtstuck hierin begriffen mit fleiß erlernest.
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| class="noline" | Im zufechten komm in rechten Wechsel / hab acht so bald er sein Schwerdt auffzeucht zum streich / so streich behend vor jm ubersich durch / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch von deiner Rechten zugleich mit jhm eyn / im Hauw trit wol auff sein Lincke seiten / fehrt er mit seinem Hauw gerad zu deinem Kopff / so triffestu jhm mit der Zwirch an sein linkc Ohr / merckest du aber das er nit gerad zu deinem Kopff Hauwet / sonder verwendt sein Hauw mit Langer schneidt gegen deiner Zwirch zur versatzung / so Hauwe ehe es rürt mit langer Zwirch / behend zu seinem Rechten ohr / trit Indes mit deinem lincken Fus wol umb zu seiner Rechten / jetz hastu angriffen aus dem Wechsel mit zweyen Zwirchhäuwen / zu beiden seiten gegen einander uber. Diß nimstu nun aus dem ersten theil / zu disem angriff / Ferner wiltu zur Mittelarbeit tretten / so hilfft dir das ander '''[XXVIv]''' theil also / schlecht er von deinem Schwerdt umb zur andern seiten / so reiß jhm nach mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / truck jhn mit der sterck deiner klingen / oder mit deinem Schilt in einem ruck von dir / in dem er vom stoß noch dammelt / und sich noch nit erholet hat / so fahr in eil also mit gekreuzigten armen auff / und schlag jhn mit kurtzer schneidt uber seim rechten Arm auff sein Kopff / und solches wie bemelt ehe er sich vom stoß erholet / wo er sich aber erhielte unnd zur versatzung auffwischte / so laß dein Schwerdt wider abfliegen / unnd zwirch mit einem abtrit deines lincken Fuß zu seinem Lincken ohr / oder wo er nit abgehet oder umbschlecht / sonder bleibt mit dem Schnit oder Langer Schneid darauff / so verkehr dein Schwerdt das dein halb schneidan sein komme / riß jhm also sein Schwerdt auß auff dein Rechte seiten / in dessen aber laß in der lufft umbschnappen / damit deine hende hohe uber dein haupt wider kreutzweiß zusamen kommen / als dann schlag jhn wie vor / ehe er sich vom riß erholet mit kurtzer schneid auff sein Kopff / volgendt trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck / und Hauw ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneiden von deiner Rechten zu seinem halß / und in dem es glützt / so ziehe zu seiner Rechten mit hohen streichen ab. Also sihestu nun wie jmmer ein stuck nach dem andern / der gelegenheit und notturft nach muß gebraucht und zusamen gesetzt werden / biß das ein gantz Fechtstuck gemacht werde. Hie merck aber letzlichen / das auch gantze stuck nur mit zweyen oder dreyen streichen können vollendt werden / als da du mit dem ersten streich in eil angreiffst / und mit dem andern wider abhauwest / und in disen streichen entweders mit dem ersten oder letzten triffst / mit welchen es am füglichsten mag beschehen / oder da du es mit dreien Häwen volfürest / mit dem ersten nemlich angreiffst / den andern nachfolgest / wenn aber / und zu welcher gelegner zeit solches muß beschehen / ist hie on not davon zu sagen / der Marck wie man spricht / wirt dich solches selbst wol leren / nach dem du alle andere Fechtstuck hierin begriffen mit fleiß erlernest.
  
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.
+
| class="noline" | Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.
| Also verstehstu nun das das dritte stuck im Fechten davon oben gemelt nichts anders ist / dann [XXXv] ein rechte Practick / der zwey ersten Hauptstuck im Fechten / durch welche Practick gelehrt wirt / wie du solche nach zufelliger gelegenheit / nemlich im ersten Hauptstuck die Leger unnd Häuw verwandlen / ablauffen durchwechseln verfliegen unnd fehlen lasset / damit dem versetzer unnd abtrager solche Häuw entführet werden / desgleichen im andern Hauptstuck des versetzens / lert dich die Practick wie du jm deine versatzung entzuckest / jhm nachreisest / schnidest / truckest etc. Damit du jhn auch umb seine häuw das er die vergebens / oder auff das wenigest zu seinem fürgenomen ziel nicht volführe noch ende. Und ist das die summa aller Practick / nemlich das du erstlich deinen gegen gegenfechter durch die Leger / mit dem hauwen manliche unnd ohn schaden / zu seinem nachtheil / mit was listigkeit unnd behender verführung das geschehen kann / angreiffest / unnd nach dem du jhn als dann angriffen / jhne ferner mit obligender oder gleicher handtarbeit jhn also trengest / auff das du demnach zum dritten sicher nach deinem gefallen eintweders abziehest / oder wo er dir weichen müste / du jhm fürsichtig nach folgest / wie ferner aber solche Practick sich erstrecke und auff wie vilerley arth dieselbigen beide in den namen und im Fechten gebraucht werden / findestu hievor im Capitel von der handtarbeit weitleuffiger beschriben / will derwegen nun fürter das Fechten aus den Legern zu beschreiben furt fahren.
+
| class="noline" | Also verstehstu nun das das dritte stuck im Fechten davon oben gemelt nichts anders ist / dann [XXXv] ein rechte Practick / der zwey ersten Hauptstuck im Fechten / durch welche Practick gelehrt wirt / wie du solche nach zufelliger gelegenheit / nemlich im ersten Hauptstuck die Leger unnd Häuw verwandlen / ablauffen durchwechseln verfliegen unnd fehlen lasset / damit dem versetzer unnd abtrager solche Häuw entführet werden / desgleichen im andern Hauptstuck des versetzens / lert dich die Practick wie du jm deine versatzung entzuckest / jhm nachreisest / schnidest / truckest etc. Damit du jhn auch umb seine häuw das er die vergebens / oder auff das wenigest zu seinem fürgenomen ziel nicht volführe noch ende. Und ist das die summa aller Practick / nemlich das du erstlich deinen gegen gegenfechter durch die Leger / mit dem hauwen manliche unnd ohn schaden / zu seinem nachtheil / mit was listigkeit unnd behender verführung das geschehen kann / angreiffest / unnd nach dem du jhn als dann angriffen / jhne ferner mit obligender oder gleicher handtarbeit jhn also trengest / auff das du demnach zum dritten sicher nach deinem gefallen eintweders abziehest / oder wo er dir weichen müste / du jhm fürsichtig nach folgest / wie ferner aber solche Practick sich erstrecke und auff wie vilerley arth dieselbigen beide in den namen und im Fechten gebraucht werden / findestu hievor im Capitel von der handtarbeit weitleuffiger beschriben / will derwegen nun fürter das Fechten aus den Legern zu beschreiben furt fahren.
  
 
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{| class="floated master"
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{| class="master"
 
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! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center|400px]]
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
 
| '''With the Ox'''
 
| '''With the Ox'''
 
I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.
 
I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.
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|  
 
|  
| '''Middle Guard'''
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| <p>'''Middle Guard'''</p>
You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.
+
 
| '''[XLv] Mittelhut.'''
+
<p>You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.</p>
VOn diser Mittelhut wirstu hernach im Dusacken bericht / derwegen wie du sie daselbs zu einer hand / also solt du sie hie zu beiden henden anschicken / Dann ob ich wol anfangs nit gesint wahr solche hie zu setzen / hab ich sie doch (dieweil auß keiner andern Hut die Rosen füglicher gelehrt kann werden) nicht umbgehn können / und merck wann dir einer fürkompt / der sein Schwerdt vor jhm außgestreckt im Langen ort oder sonst in gerader versatzung führet / so fahr mit deiner klingen in einem Zürckel herumb / auß der Mittelhut umb die seinen kantz herumb / also das du mit deiner klingen gar nahet wider zu der ersten Mittelhut ankomest / von dannen schwinge jhm die schwech gewaltiglich aussen uber seinen Armen zum Kopff / oder so er dir (in dem du also durch die Rosen umb seine klingen fahren wurdest) dieweil von Oben nider zur Blös einfallen wurde / so nime jhm sein kling mit halber schneide auß / nemlich wann du zum andern mal in die Mittelhut ankomen bist / dan so geschwindt wirt er dir der Blöß als unversehens nit zu eilen / du wirst in des mit der Rosen herumb komen / damit du zu gemeltem ausnemen noch zeit gnug komest / nach dem du jhm aber also aus genomen / so laß in der lufft ober deinem Kopff (jhn damit zu verführen) umblauffen in einer rinde durch ein Zürckel / der nechsten Blös zu.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/101|1|lbl=1.40va}}
  
 
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| Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:
+
| <p>Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:</p>
| Oder so du im zufechten dich in die Mittelhut zu deiner Lincken verhauwen hast / unnd er dein gegen theil hauwet dir under des zu von Oben / so trit wol aus seinem hauw gegen seiner Rechten seiten / und wirffe jhm dein kurtze schneid oberhalb oder ausserhalb seinem Rechten arm zum Kopff / und laß dein klingen in solchem einwurff wol einschiessen / eintweders zu seinem Kopff oder uber seine beide Arm / demnoch zuck dein Schwerdt behendiglich wider ubersich / und hauwe jhm von deiner Lincken mit Langer schneid starck ubersich / gegen seinem rechten arm / von dannen ficht jhm fürbaß zu auß Vor und Nachgehenden stucken / nach deinem gefallen / und dieweil im Langen ort auch füglich die Rosen gefochten werden kann / will ich die uberigen stuck die ich zu setzen willens / im Langen ort vollens beschreiben / also.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/101|2|lbl=1.40vb}}
  
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[XLIrv] Langort.'''
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| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|1|lbl=1.41ra}}
LAngort ist bey den Alten eigentlich das Brechfenster genant worden / darumb das alle andere stuck daraus gebrochen werden können / dieweil aber (was man bey einem gleichen aus disem Leger Fechten sol) gnugsam aus bisher gelehrten stucken abzunemen ist / will ich (dieweil das Langort ohne das das ende aller Bandt ist) etwas von demselbigen durch Exempel anzeigen.
 
  
 
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
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|  
| Im zufechten so binde deinem gegenman durch den Oberhauw an sein Schwerdt / unnd merck als bald er von deinem Schwerdt wider ubersich fehrt so hauwe ihm in dem er mit seinen Armen im aufffahren ist / von Unden zwischen sein beiden Armen zum kiinn / von disem stuck besihe die zwey obern kleinern Bilder / zur Lincken hand in der Figur so mit dem Buchstaben I. gezeichnet.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|2|lbl=1.41rb}}
  
 
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| Item bind jhm an wie vor / unnd als bald die Schwerdter im Band zusamen rühren / so brich mit er Rosen zwischen dir und jhm unden durch / unnd wirff jhm die kurtz schneid auff der andern seiten hinein zum Kopff / oder nach dem du vom Band mit der Rosen unden durch gebrochen hast / so reiss von der andern seiten mit der kurtzen schneid sein Schwerdt beseits aus / also das sich deine hend in der lufft uber einander schrencken / schlage jhm mit kurtzer schneid dieff uber zum Kopff.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|3|lbl=1.41rc}}
  
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item bind jhme gegen seinem herfliegen hauw ahn / und so bald die klingen zusamen rühren / so stoß dein knopf under deinem rechten Arm durch (auch trit under des wol gegen seiner Lincken seiten aus) unnd fahr also mit geschrenckten henden ubersich / und hauwe jhm mit Langer schneid durch die Rosen von unden beseitz hinder seinem Arm zum Kopff.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|4|lbl=1.41rd}}
  
 
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|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Item / merck in dem du dem Mann anbindest / so laß die Lincke hand vom Knopff / unnd begreiff damit sein kling im Bandt zu der deinen / und das behend / demnach fahr mit deiner Rechten hand sampt dem Hefft / unden durch und schlag also gegen deiner Rechten ubersich / wie du solches an den zweyen kleynern bossen zur Rechten hand in der Figur H. sehen kanst / so nimstu jhm das Schwerdt.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|5|lbl=1.41re}}
  
 
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|  
 
|  
| '''[XLIIr]''' Item bindet dir einer mit ausgestrecktem Schwerdt an das deine / so merck in dem die Band zusamen rühren / so Wechseln behendiglich unden durch / und schnel jm die schwech flechlingen von der ander seiten zu seinem ohr / aus disem durchwechseln wirstu vil schöner stuck machen lernen / so du jhm fleissig nachtrachtest.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|1|lbl=1.42ra}}
  
 
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|-  
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Item so du merckest das einer auff dich binden oder hauwen will / so führe dein Schwerdt gegen jhm her / als wwolltestdu auch anbinden / und merck aber in dem die klingen eben jetzt zusamen rühren sollen / so stoß behend dein knopff ubersich / und wende die klingen durch die Rosen von unden auff / und fang jhm sein Hauw also auff dein Lange schneid / wie solches das kleiner Bilde in der Figur N. gegen der Rechten hand anzeiget / nach dem du jhm also sein Hauw (wie gemelt) entpfangen hast / kanstu das selbige stuck auff zwen weg vollenden / Erstlich also / in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gerühret hand / so fahre vollen Unden mit deiner klingen durch / unnd reisse jhm die seine gegen deiner Rechten auß / und laß die hend abermal in der lufft umbschnappen oder kreutzweis ubereinander schrencken / und hauwe jhm also mit kurtzer schneide starck zum Kopff / Dis ist ein Meisterlicher durchgang / der dir (so er anders von oben hauwet) nit fehlet / zum andern wann du jhm sein Schwerdt also entpfangen hast / so trit in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gliitzen wol auff sein Lincke seiten / und hauw wider mit Langer schneid von aussen uber seinem Lincken arm zum Kopff / Dieser letste Hauw gehet unversehens sehr geschwindt / sicher unnd starck an.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|2|lbl=1.42rb}}
  
 
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|  
 
|  
| '''Wechsel.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|3|lbl=1.42rc}}
WIewol ohne not den Wechsel in sonderheit zu setzen / dieweil doch sonst alle stuck aus disem füglicher dann in keinem andern können gefochten werden / hab ich doch nicht underlassen wollen ein par stuck darinen zusetzen / auß welchen du auch etliche sondere geschwindigkeit vermercken kanst / also.
 
  
 
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| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 
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| Findestu einen in gerader Versatzung / oder wie vor vom Langen ort gesagt / so streiche mit halber schneide aus dem rechten Wechsel starck ubersich durch / ein mal zwey / das dritte mal aber streiche under seinem Schwert durch / und trit mit deinem Rechten fuß zu jhm / und schlage jhn mit der fleche oder kurtzer schneide gewaltig und hoch ein / zu seinem Lincken ohr / wie dir solches das kleiner Bild zur Lincken in der Figur mit dem F. verzeichnet anzeiget / '''[XLIIv]''' damit zwingestu jhn das er gehlingen ubersich fehrt / als bald er solch es thut / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom knopff ab / und laß dein klingen gegen seiner Rechten von Unden auff in einer hand umb schnappen / und setze jhm den vordern ort an sein Brust / greiff in des dein knopff wider an / wie du solches an den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand mit dem F. hievor sehen kanst / stoß jhn also mit verkehrter hand von dir / laß als bald dein knopff wider ab / und dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff fahren / und hauwe lang mit angreiffung des knopffs nach / dergleichen stuck soltu gegen die welche gern einlauffen gebrauchen.
+
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 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|4|lbl=1.42rd|p=1}} '''[XLIIv]''' damit zwingestu jhn das er gehlingen ubersich fehrt / als bald er solch es thut / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom knopff ab / und laß dein klingen gegen seiner Rechten von Unden auff in einer hand umb schnappen / und setze jhm den vordern ort an sein Brust / greiff in des dein knopff wider an / wie du solches an den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand mit dem F. hievor sehen kanst / stoß jhn also mit verkehrter hand von dir / laß als bald dein knopff wider ab / und dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff fahren / und hauwe lang mit angreiffung des knopffs nach / dergleichen stuck soltu gegen die welche gern einlauffen gebrauchen.
  
 
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| class="noline" |  
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| class="noline" |  
| Also bistu nun bißher in disen ersten und andern theils disses Schwerdt fechtens / eigentlichen underrichtet worden / beide von des Manns und denn auch von des Schwerdts theilung / folgents vom zufechten / Mittelarbeiten und Abziehen / neben andern notwendigen stucken und lehren / sampt den Exempeln im andern theil so aus dem ersten gezogen / was ferner andere hie zu notwendige stuck belanget / wirstu im folgenden Buch vom Schwerdt fechten gnugsam bescheidt finden / sovil ich dißmal zuschreiben für hab.
+
| class="noline" | Also bistu nun bißher in disen ersten und andern theils disses Schwerdt fechtens / eigentlichen underrichtet worden / beide von des Manns und denn auch von des Schwerdts theilung / folgents vom zufechten / Mittelarbeiten und Abziehen / neben andern notwendigen stucken und lehren / sampt den Exempeln im andern theil so aus dem ersten gezogen / was ferner andere hie zu notwendige stuck belanget / wirstu im folgenden Buch vom Schwerdt fechten gnugsam bescheidt finden / sovil ich dißmal zuschreiben für hab.
  
 
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{{master subsection end}}
 
{{master subsection end}}
  
<p style="width:100%;">The long sword material in the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund manuscript]] closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'', so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, when possible we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.</p>
+
<p style="width:100%;">The long sword material in the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund manuscript]] closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'', so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, in the future we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.</p>
  
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
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{| class="floated master"
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{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
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Nach dem ich guthertziger Leser bewilliget / disen meinen Fecht zedel welchen ich auß rechtem grunde der Alten zusamen gesetzt / gebessert un in ein rechte ordnung gebracht / hab ich den (damit meniglich dester mehr nutz darauß haben möcht) durch vil schöner und geschwinder stuck und Exempel auch etwas zu erkleren / unnd den zu verstehn ein kleine anleitung geben wollen / dan sie dermassen reich von stucken / un aller hand geschwindigkeit / also das wo du sie nach solcher anleitung erwigest / jhe lenger ihe mehr stuck hierauß erlernen wirst können / dan das die Reimen ohn außlegung nicht vil nutzen / ist offenbar an andern außgangenen Fechtbüchlein / und solt aber wissen das der erste theil solcher Reimen in meinem bishergelehrten Fechten gnugsam erklärt / derwegen an disem meinen anhab nemen / also.  
 
Nach dem ich guthertziger Leser bewilliget / disen meinen Fecht zedel welchen ich auß rechtem grunde der Alten zusamen gesetzt / gebessert un in ein rechte ordnung gebracht / hab ich den (damit meniglich dester mehr nutz darauß haben möcht) durch vil schöner und geschwinder stuck und Exempel auch etwas zu erkleren / unnd den zu verstehn ein kleine anleitung geben wollen / dan sie dermassen reich von stucken / un aller hand geschwindigkeit / also das wo du sie nach solcher anleitung erwigest / jhe lenger ihe mehr stuck hierauß erlernen wirst können / dan das die Reimen ohn außlegung nicht vil nutzen / ist offenbar an andern außgangenen Fechtbüchlein / und solt aber wissen das der erste theil solcher Reimen in meinem bishergelehrten Fechten gnugsam erklärt / derwegen an disem meinen anhab nemen / also.  
 
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| '''Follow the Sword Zedel'''
+
| '''Sword Fencing'''
  
'''The Four Main guards'''
+
Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.
 
 
From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow
 
 
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|  
 
|  
Line 1,875: Line 1,881:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Eight Secondary Guards'''
+
| Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.
 
 
Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,883: Line 1,887:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Five Master-Cuts'''
+
| The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.
 
 
Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,891: Line 1,893:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Six Covert Cuts'''
+
| '''Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong'''
  
Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut
+
The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,899: Line 1,901:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Handworks in the Sword'''
+
| With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.
 
 
Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,907: Line 1,907:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''From the Four Openings and Divisions'''
+
| '''Hard and Soft'''
  
Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.
+
Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,915: Line 1,915:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:
+
| Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,921: Line 1,921:
 
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|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands.
+
| '''Follow the Sword Zedel'''
 +
 
 +
'''The Four Main guards'''
 +
 
 +
From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,927: Line 1,931:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Sword Fencing'''
+
| '''The Eight Secondary Guards'''
  
Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.
+
Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,935: Line 1,939:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.
+
| '''The Five Master-Cuts'''
 +
 
 +
Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,941: Line 1,947:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.
+
| '''The Six Covert Cuts'''
 +
 
 +
Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,947: Line 1,955:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong'''
+
| '''Handworks in the Sword'''
  
The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.
+
Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,955: Line 1,963:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.
+
| '''From the Four Openings and Divisions'''
 +
 
 +
Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,961: Line 1,971:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Hard and Soft'''
+
| Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:
 
 
Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,969: Line 1,977:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.
+
| In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands. This is the correct Squinter cut.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,975: Line 1,983:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''This is the correct Squinter cut.'''
+
| '''Another'''
 
 
'''Another'''
 
  
 
Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.
 
Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.
Line 2,932: Line 2,938:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| '''Ende des Schwerdts.'''
+
| class="noline" | '''Ende des Schwerdts.'''
'''Ordentliche'''
+
'''Ordenliche Beschreibung und anweisung''' des fechtens im Dusacken/ darinn vil Mannliche und geschwinde Stucke/ durh welche die angehende Schüler zur behendigkeit/volgends im Rapier zufechten/ so vil deß besser mögen abgericht werden/in guter ordnung begriffen/ vnd nach einander fürgestellet.'''
|  
+
 
 +
<poem>Mit diser Mehr raich weit und lang /
 +
 Dem hauw nach fürsich vberhang /
 +
Mit deinem Leib/ darzu trit ferr /
 +
 Dein háuw fúhr gwaltig vmb jn her /
 +
Zu all vier enden/laß die fliegen /
 +
 Mit geberden/ zucken/ kanst jn triegen /
 +
In die sterck solt du versetzen /
 +
 Mit der schwech zugleich jn letzen /
 +
Auch náher solt du kommen nit /
 +
 Dann dast jn langest mit eim trit /
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Wann er dir wolt einlauffen schier /
 +
 Das Vorder ort/treibt jn von dir /
 +
Wer er dir aber glauffen ein /
 +
 Mit greiffen/ Ringen / der erst solt sein /
 +
Der sterck vnd schwech nim eben war /
 +
 Indes / die Blóß / macht offenbar /
 +
Im Vor/ vnd Nach/ darzu recht trit /
 +
 Merck fleissig auff die rechte zeit /
 +
 Vnd laß dich bald erschrecken nit.</poem>
 +
 
 +
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
Line 3,122: Line 3,151:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Quick Cut'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Quick Cut'''</p>
  
Line 3,129: Line 3,158:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 52r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
  
Line 3,141: Line 3,169:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 52r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Example'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Example'''</p>
  
Line 3,173: Line 3,199:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 54r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Steer how it follows'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Steer how it follows'''</p>
  
Line 3,180: Line 3,206:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 54r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 55r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Middle strike with the Throwing In'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Middle strike with the Throwing In'''</p>
  
Line 3,192: Line 3,217:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 55r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
Line 3,248: Line 3,272:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 58r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Wrath Strike'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Wrath Strike'''</p>
  
Line 3,255: Line 3,279:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 58r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''A Good Attack from the Steer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A Good Attack from the Steer'''</p>
  
Line 3,432: Line 3,455:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| <p>Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
|  
|
+
|  
|
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|1|lbl=1.155ra}}
  
|}
+
|-
{{master subsection end}}
+
|  
{{master end}}
+
|  
 
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|2|lbl=1.155rb}}
{{master begin
 
| title = Rapier
 
| width = 100%
 
}}
 
 
 
{{master subsection begin
 
| title = Lund Rapier
 
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>
+
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/150|3|lbl=1.155rc}}
  
<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
 
|
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|1|lbl=2.1ra}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>
 
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|2|lbl=2.1rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/152|3|lbl=2.1rc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/153|1|lbl=2.1va|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/153|2|lbl=2.1vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack A.png|400px|center]]
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack B.png|400px|center]]
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack C.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>
+
|
 
 
<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack D.png|400px|center]]
|  
+
|
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack F.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack G.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack H.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack I.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack K.png|400px|center]]
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack L.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>
+
|
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack M.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack N.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack O.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack P.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>
+
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
  
|  
+
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
  
|-
+
{{master begin
|  
+
| title = Rapier
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
+
| width = 100%
|
+
}}
  
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Lund Rapier
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
! <p>Figures</p>
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
|
+
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
+
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>
|
 
  
|-
+
<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
|
 
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>
|
 
  
|-
 
|
 
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
+
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
+
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
+
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
+
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
+
<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
+
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
+
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
+
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
 
 
<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
|-
 
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>
  
<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
 
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
+
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
|-
 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>
+
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
 
 
<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
+
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|1|lbl=79v}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/><br/>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
  
<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
+
<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
+
<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
 
 
 
<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>
  
<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
+
<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
 
 
<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>
  
<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
+
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
 
 
<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>
 
  
<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
+
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>
 
  
<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
+
|-
 +
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
+
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
+
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>
 
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|1|lbl=79v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
|  
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
+
| <p><br/><br/>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
|  
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If one displaces you and will not cut but wait on your cuts, then cut away his displacement from your left, he is from under or uberzwerch, with that he is drawn away to cut immediately after he does this, thus suppress his strike from you with a strong Roof strike on the strong of his blade the third cuts quickly after to the opening.</p>
+
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Rule'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
 
 
<p>Note when he does not want to cut at you, then you should also not meet him with the first strike, but rather show as if you intended to strike to him, then when he misjudges, thus translate with this same cut, it is from above or below, suppressing or cutting out. The same displacement, should one quickly cut after.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>However where he is not provoked with a strike to counter, thus cut a Cross through his displacement or two Middle cuts against one another so that his blade is cut away, then must he cut, as soon as he cuts, thus takeout and away his cut with a counter cut, more to his strong thus as soon as you feel that he is soft, thus cut quickly to his body before he recovers, that is under or over.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A Good Device'''</p>
+
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
 
 
<p>'''Mark''' Thus when you must defend in the after, thus to you one comes with a Knebel pike in the air, over you, and you only have a Rappier or other similar single handed weapon, then hold the weapon uberzwerch for your left foot on the earth, if he strikes a powerful diagonal, thus drive upwards with your weapon and spring to him under his strike guard yourself in the spring with the head out from his strike and allow his strike to clash and stay on your weapon and grab quickly with the left hand on his staff, instantly cut nimble to his hands.</p>
 
  
 +
<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts on you and you have your weapon like is above taught, thus drive on and set off the thrust upwards above the head, if he pulls from your displacing and thrusts again, thus wind from above out of the Ox, his other thrust, again around out from and on to your left side with a Great spring to and grab his staff like before, on this lesson, may you defend against a Long Pike, But such a thing is not wise to use, especially against those who will signal their Pullings, where but one is Wrathful and is pressing on you, such techniques are altogether very desirable.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' You may also send yourself in a hurry into the Ox, and from there wind through the hangings, mark however, that you nimbly should rush, to him or under his weapon, than yours has more air than his in the width from you is less, you will beat him, thus if he will then spring and thrust at you, then cutaway his thrust with a strong Wrathstrike, if he defends this, thus spring on to him with your strike.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''From the Cloak'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>
  
<p>'''Mark''' When to you one would rush, thus wrap your Cloak around your arm if he cuts above at your head, thus drive his strike on your cloak and thrust instantly with his from under, to his stomach, or if you will not thrust to him, thus cut him through his feet, but if he cuts from under, thus fall with your cloak on it and thrust from above to his face, And before you with the cross, you can drive against all four endings of the strikes and thrusts.</p>
+
<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another'''</p>
+
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' When one cuts or thrusts at you, thus displace his strike with the Rappier and again after he parries, thus fall with your cloak on his Blade and hold onto him there, then cut or thrust in the meantime, nimbly, where you can get him, defend yourself again with the Cross.</p>
+
<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
+
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
|}
+
|-
{{master subsection end}}
+
|
 +
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>
  
{{master subsection begin
+
<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
| title = 1570 Rapier
+
|  
| width = 90em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
|  
|
+
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>
|
 
  
|}
+
<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
{{master subsection end}}
+
|  
  
{{master subsection begin
+
|-
| title = Rostock Rapier
+
|  
| width = 90em
+
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
  
|-
+
<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
| <br/>
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
|}
+
|-
{{master subsection end}}
+
|
{{master end}}
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
 
+
|
{{master begin
+
 
| title = Additional cutting diagrams
+
|-
| width = 100%
+
|
}}
+
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>
 
+
 
{{master subsection begin
+
<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
| title = Lund Diagrams
+
|
  | width = 90em
+
 
}}
+
|-
{| class="floated master"
+
|
|-
+
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
! <p>Images</p>
+
|
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
+
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
+
|-
 
+
|
|-  
+
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
 
|  
+
<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
+
|
 
+
 
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
+
|
|  
+
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
+
 
 
+
<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
|-  
+
|
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
 
|  
+
|-
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
+
|
 
+
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>
|-  
+
 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|400px|center]]
+
<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
|  
+
|
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
+
 
 
+
|-
|-  
+
|
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
|  
+
|
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
+
 
 
+
|-
|}
+
|
{{master subsection end}}
+
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
 
+
|
{{master subsection begin
+
 
  | title = Rostock Diagrams
+
|-
  | width = 90em
+
|
}}
+
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>
{| class="floated master"
+
 
|-
+
|
! <p>Images</p>
+
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
+
|-
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
|
 
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
|-
+
|
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
+
 
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
+
|-
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
+
|
 
+
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
|-
+
|
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
+
 
 
+
|-
<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
+
|
 +
| <p>If one displaces you and will not cut but wait on your cuts, then cut away his displacement from your left, he is from under or uberzwerch, with that he is drawn away to cut immediately after he does this, thus suppress his strike from you with a strong Roof strike on the strong of his blade the third cuts quickly after to the opening.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Rule'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Note when he does not want to cut at you, then you should also not meet him with the first strike, but rather show as if you intended to strike to him, then when he misjudges, thus translate with this same cut, it is from above or below, suppressing or cutting out. The same displacement, should one quickly cut after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>However where he is not provoked with a strike to counter, thus cut a Cross through his displacement or two Middle cuts against one another so that his blade is cut away, then must he cut, as soon as he cuts, thus takeout and away his cut with a counter cut, more to his strong thus as soon as you feel that he is soft, thus cut quickly to his body before he recovers, that is under or over.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A Good Device'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Mark''' Thus when you must defend in the after, thus to you one comes with a Knebel pike in the air, over you, and you only have a Rappier or other similar single handed weapon, then hold the weapon uberzwerch for your left foot on the earth, if he strikes a powerful diagonal, thus drive upwards with your weapon and spring to him under his strike guard yourself in the spring with the head out from his strike and allow his strike to clash and stay on your weapon and grab quickly with the left hand on his staff, instantly cut nimble to his hands.</p>
 +
 
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts on you and you have your weapon like is above taught, thus drive on and set off the thrust upwards above the head, if he pulls from your displacing and thrusts again, thus wind from above out of the Ox, his other thrust, again around out from and on to your left side with a Great spring to and grab his staff like before, on this lesson, may you defend against a Long Pike, But such a thing is not wise to use, especially against those who will signal their Pullings, where but one is Wrathful and is pressing on you, such techniques are altogether very desirable.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' You may also send yourself in a hurry into the Ox, and from there wind through the hangings, mark however, that you nimbly should rush, to him or under his weapon, than yours has more air than his in the width from you is less, you will beat him, thus if he will then spring and thrust at you, then cutaway his thrust with a strong Wrathstrike, if he defends this, thus spring on to him with your strike.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''From the Cloak'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Mark''' When to you one would rush, thus wrap your Cloak around your arm if he cuts above at your head, thus drive his strike on your cloak and thrust instantly with his from under, to his stomach, or if you will not thrust to him, thus cut him through his feet, but if he cuts from under, thus fall with your cloak on it and thrust from above to his face, And before you with the cross, you can drive against all four endings of the strikes and thrusts.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' When one cuts or thrusts at you, thus displace his strike with the Rappier and again after he parries, thus fall with your cloak on his Blade and hold onto him there, then cut or thrust in the meantime, nimbly, where you can get him, defend yourself again with the Cross.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = 1570 Rapier
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 1.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier A.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier B.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier D.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier E.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 2.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier I.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|400px|center]]
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Rostock Rapier
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Thomas Carrillo]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you want to fence with one hand<br/>Know the twelve cuts<br/>the cuts and thrust right deceive<br/>the thrust with cutting right mutate</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|1|lbl=112r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''12 cuts'''</p>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Wrath Cut&emsp; || Waker&emsp; || Anger Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Constrainer&emsp; || Danger Cut&emsp; || Winker
 +
|-
 +
| High Cut&emsp; || Low Cut&emsp; || Plunge Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Middle Cut&emsp; || Change Cut&emsp; || Foot Cut
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Wrath Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>What would be aimed at you<br/>The Wrath cut point beaks</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>1a That is when you stand in the wrath cut and one cuts or thrust to you, then step sideways around his cut, and cut him with the point to the hand.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''handcut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Who cuts above to you<br/>Threaten him with the zornhauw</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>2b That is almost the same as the previous, so one has cut from above, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his weapon with a step out. At the same time<ref name="indes">indes</ref> thrust over-hand<ref>palm up</ref> to his face. If he wards it, then cut to his foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''overhang''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|1|lbl=112v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>3c If he cuts from above<ref>oberhauw</ref> to you, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his messer [sic] and step with the right foot to his right side, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind with the haft under on his blade through upwards over his right arm. Draw in the arm with the pomel to your body, fall in with the left hand also on the arm over the joint. Thrust with the left hand away from you and hold his hand with your pommel strong on your body so he must fall or be broken.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Winding upward''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>4d Item: Approach in left wrath cut, and he cuts a roof cut, then cut towards him from your left side, hard in his strong. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> hang the point to his left shoulder Over-hand; cut directly to the right leg.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''hanging with back of the hand.''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>5e Or allow a thrust to run though an undercut to the right hip. Or parry with a barring zornhauw from above downwards. Immediately<ref name="indes"/> thrust to his face. If he wards it, then cut a middle cut to his stomach and then step and cut long to his right with a step off.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''hip-thrust''</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|1|lbl=113r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>6f Item: He cuts a high cut to you, then cut with the zornhauw, going through his strike from your right shoulder. The next to his foot.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''foot cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Waker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>7g The waker is thus: When you cut to your opponent, a high cut or low cut, then cut onto the strong of his blade, and don’t lift your blade from his weapon, but remain hard on his weapon, and thrust thus in the strike with sinking point to the opening. That’s why the verse says “wake deftly, wind the point to the face”.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''waker''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Item wake with the edge, pull quickly with stepping
 +
|-
 +
| Item wake all encounters, if you want to fool the masters
 +
|}
 +
<p>8h When one shoots the point at your face as before, then slice with your long edge from below and step with the left<ref>‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it</ref> foot to his left, and with your right foot behind your left out to the side. At once<ref name="indes"/> wind your hand around so that the long edge is under, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> above, and your elbow stands upwards, thus thrust under your reversed hand to his stomach.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''reversed thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|1|lbl=113v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''On the wake, from under'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>9i When one cuts an undercut from the right onto your sword and winds at the same time<ref name="indes"/> the thrust under to your groin, then cut at the same time as the thrust with a footcut sideways from your left to your right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> quickly step to his right, and wind the point to his groin. Thus you do to him what he wanted to do to you. Of course, cut to his right node.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Anger cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The anger cut would be namely used to run in to him, break his arm, and throw him, and similar techniques.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>10k The anger cut is done thus: hold your messer or sword long before yourself, with the point out, and the hilt towards the ground near your forward foot. If one thrusts or cuts to you, then wind the long edge upwards, and parry strongly on his blade, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> change through with the point and thrust to the other side. Or, when you have thus parried, then quickly pull around your head, and cut him to the foot.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''here, one grabs the blade with the left hand''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|1|lbl=114r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| <br/>
 +
|-
 +
| <br/>
 +
|}
 +
<p>11l Item: Lay on him angrily, and he cuts or thrusts with rage onto you, then go onto his blade with strength. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> grab behind his hand with your left, reversed, hand. Jerk his right to yourself, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> quickly drive your haft up, over his arm. Push him, and at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind his elbow out back by his head. Throw him from you, and cut him to the neck. If he pulls out a dagger, then let go of his right hand, spring well towards his right side, stab him to the hip, with reversed hand, as with play 8h.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>12m Item: if one runs to you with a high cut or or thrust, then parry with the anger cut quickly under his sword, spring to him with your right behind his right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> catch his right hand with your left reversed hand, torque it upwards, over his right shoulder, and at the same time as all this, drive in with the pommel into his face, throw him thus. But if he grabs his dagger, then cut him with the long edge to the hand. Push from you, so he must fall.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|1|lbl=114v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>13n Item: You have parried him with the anger cut as before, then grab his hand as before, and torque it up, and jerk it towards you so he can’t do anything. push your pommel strong on his joint, from below, so he wavers. Jerk his elbow strongly to your right; thus you break his arm.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>14o Item: Lay on him angrily, and if one cuts from above to you, or thrusts from above, then wind your hand and parry with straight long edge, so that your point hangs toward his left. Then wind from below up over his right arm by the hand, jerk it onto your breast, and wind your left side onto his right, and fall with the left arm, thus he must break.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''parry over-hand''</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|1|lbl=115r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Constrainer cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Constrainer is twofold: One, when your opponent uses a short sword<ref>“Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.</ref> and one with rapier.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>But being both constrainers are bundled here, I want to report to you that not much of either will be here. The constrainer in the rapier is thus: Stand with your right foot forward, your sword to your left side, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> against you.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The other with the short weapon is thus: stand with your left foot forward, hold your weapon before you, the long edge towards your opponent. The point towards the earth in front of your left foot. Both are useful for breaking the other constrainer.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''The other constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Constrain to the right, thrust left you will fence
 +
|-
 +
| get through from the right, bring behind with the middle cut
 +
|-
 +
| Constrainer breaks what the buffalo thrusts or hits (or, hits or thrusts)
 +
|}
 +
<p>15p If you stand in the constrainer and one thrusts or hits you you, then cut it away from you, with the long edge from your left through to behind your right, and around your head. The second to his foot. Spring with the left well around his right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|7|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|1|lbl=115v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>16q Thus you lie in constrainer, and he thrusts to you, thus parry his thrust up, with the long edge from your breast, step at the same time<ref name="indes"/> with your left foot well around, or to his right. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade upwards over his from below, with the point to his groin.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''groin thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>17r Constrainer. If one cuts or thrusts to you, then, with a step with your left foot to his right, cut from above down onto his blade, and hold it as you would with the waker, and thrust your point at the same time on his blade. This he must ward, and cut upwards. Thus he leaves his lower opening clear, and you win a full, nasty, blow to him. Do it well, so your middle cut comes through his stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Danger cut'''</p>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| dangercut with his cut/ wait for his shoulder and breast
 +
|-
 +
| dangercut, show a change through meanwhile
 +
|}
 +
<p>'''waker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>18s Item: Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword on your left side. Middle cut to your opponent almost like with the constrainer. At the same time, step with your left around his right. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> cast the half edge<ref name="indes"/> with the point into his face, over his right arm. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind around and thrust before yourself further into his face. Pull around your head with a cut or thrust below to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|1|lbl=116r}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>19t Item: Cast the point to his face as mentioned before. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade around and let the point change from above his right arm to below and thrust long under his sword to his stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cast the blade to his face as before with the half edge well through, let it hang over his right arm. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise around your head and cut him to the right hip, or foot, step with the left foot well around his right. Thus the play goes well.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''hip thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>20v Do the danger cut also from the right side. In the approach, spring with your right to his left, cast or hit him with the half edge towards his left through his face. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise your hilt upwards, pull around your head and cut him through to the left side, the next to the right through the cross, and step with the left foot well to his right.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|1|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|2|lbl=116v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Wincker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>You should shoot the winker<br/>and wake the masters with it<br/>In two ways learn the wincker<br/>to the left and to the right<br/>winck left and hit him<br/>cut right long, and you will confuse him<br/>if you want to deceive the masters<br/>you should enjoy the wincker<br/>what comes crooked or poorly<br/>the wecker straightens</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Wincker is nothing other than to threaten and then thrust elsewhere or else with cuts.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>21x Item: In the approach, step and threaten him with an earnest thrust to his left shoulder, quickly pull towards yourself and thrust him to the lower right opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''a deception''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|1|lbl=117r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>22y Item: Step and threaten a high cut to his face, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind and cut quickly to his left foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Pull the encounters you will fool the masters
 +
|-
 +
| if he will bind to you pull quickly, thus you will find him
 +
|}
 +
<p>''Foot cut''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>23z Item: If he gathers for a strike from the roof or otherwise, and you meet him, and he will bind to you, then pull quickly, and change through to the other side.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''change through''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''High Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The high cut is the scalper, the driving is also done from it, also many techniques are ended with it.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''High cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cut a high cut to loosen him[?] but don’t let it hit, pull around and stab him in the groin from below. Raise your hilt back up, and step and cut to his right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''High Thrust'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Spring and thrust a high thrust from above long into his face, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind around with the haft towards his right, and cut him to the foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|1|lbl=117v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Thrust as before to his face, pull back towards yourself and cut through with a middle cut as broken down in technique 6, strike away with the long edge from your left side, and step and thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Pulling''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''setting aside''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Under cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Under cut''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: cut an undercut from your left side hard towards his right. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> step with your left to his right, wind your haft downwards, and stab him to the stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Do an undercut from your right, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> step, wind the thrust under his to his stomach, step well with your right around his left, menwhile,<ref name="indes"/> raise your hilt upwards, cut to his arm. If he parries that pull through, thrust to his other opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: cut two undercuts one into the other along with their steps, thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|1|lbl=118r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Do the two undercuts as before, and thrust to him from below to his groin. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: when one cuts at you from below, then fall onto it with the long edge. As soon as you go onto him, travel after him with a thrust.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Position yourself as you would the waker, thrust the point into his face.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Wake''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Plunge cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Thus you will go to him with the plunge cut: Thrust over hand, into his face, and cut him to his right leg. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Approach into the plunge to him and thrust long to his face. Pull the thrust back toward yourself and cut a middlecut directly through his stomach and winck meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> with the half edge to his left, and cut long to his right.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''pulling''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''middle cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>When one thus thrusts above to you, and will then middlecut through to you, then parry the thrust with the angercut, then middlecut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|7|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Bar him so that he can’t come through with the long edge. Do this for cuts and thrusts from above[?], then cut to the next opportunity.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Barring with the foot cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Middle cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Middlecut goes to the fencer with the greatest reach of the arm. Thus you should cut through with the middle cut to your opponent’s body.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Middle cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Thrust to him strongly to the face, so that he must parry upwards, cut him right away with the middle cut. The middlecut goes with almost all thrust. Without it, it would be difficult to make any plays.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Change Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The change is done thus: Stand with the right foot forward, your weapon near you to the left side, with the point to the earth, the half edge up. If one cuts or thrusts to you, take it away with the half edge, and cut him to the foot.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''change''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one thrusts or hits to you, then parry with the long edge, and wind to him with the top of your blade up and over his blade, the point into his face.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Setting aside''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Parry as before with the long edge, and cut two undercuts hard into each other. Thrust and cut him from the roof. Or when you have done the undercuts, then straight away cut a middlecut and high cut through the cross.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''double undercut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|1|lbl=119r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Take away his thrust with the changer, let it travel around your head and threaten a thrust to his right. Don’t let it connect, instead hit him to the left. When one lies in the change before you, then cut from your right shoulder towards his opening. Thwart across onto his sword, so he can’t come to complete parrying. He must leave openings above and below, giving you room to stay and cut. Just take heed of the traveling after.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Another; if one lies in the changer, then thrust from your right side from below to his body, thus he must defend or be hit, then he leaves room for you to thrust or cut his lower left opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Footcut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Foot cut is a distinguished cut in the Rapier, you do it to your opponent in almost all plays. Seeing that it’s so often repeated, I will briefly show its properties.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Position yourself in the bastion or Anger cut. If one cuts or thrusts, then parry upwards with the long edge and cut the other to the foot. In sum, if you want to cut to the foot, thus lay on as he does to you, thrust or hit along with his weapon and drive the parrying up high. With that you have room to cut a nasty cut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|1|lbl=119v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The foot cut is broken with a simultaneous cut to the foot. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> as it clashes, then wind the point to the body or an opening. Take heed of the slice in the traveling after.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Take heed of the hard slice yet in all dangers
 +
|-
 +
| in the slice learn the setting aside cuts and thrusts artfully impede
 +
|}
 +
<p>'''A good throw:'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If one thrusts to you to the right, thus spring well to his right side, and fall with your sword onto his sword by the strong, and catch his right arm with your left hand, hard behind his hand on top. Torque the hand around upwards to his right ear, and grab with the pommel and hand on the elbow, throw him thus from you with the left foot behind his right foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The first and foremost posture in the Rapier is the long point. It is done thus: stand with the right foot forward, the sword long before you, the point towards the opponent. The long edge below, the half edge above. The point always higher than the hilt.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Postures in the Rapier''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|1|lbl=120r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Ward away thrusts or blows in the posture thus: If one thrusts over your parrying, then set it aside, if he’s weak, move in to him with the slice off, and meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> seek the opening with the point.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one thrusts to you under your parrying, then slice it, hand the point to his face, if he wards the point, then pull and thrust and cut him to the hand or arm.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The second posture, Bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, hold the sword long from you with the point toward the earth, so that the half edge stands above. If one cuts or thrust to you, slice it away from both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Step and stab long, will you fight.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Ox, the third posture'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand upright with your left side towards your opponent, your feet near one another, hold your sword to your right, the half edge towards your left arm, the point towards your opponent.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>A teaching; how one should principally fight from the ox</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>learn winding away, long over-hand you will end cuts and thrust</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Boar, the fourth posture'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, the haft next to your right knee, the point towards the opponent.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: A good teaching on fighting from the boar.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Take heed of the before and after<br/>To the shooting through, you should consider<br/>Shooting through, changing, learn<br/>slicing away, pulling, with that you’ll injure.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''A play with the long point; the first'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Spring to him, and point your thrust to his face, and quickly thrust to his lower opening. This play is done when one lies with his sword below his belt. But if he lies above his belt with his sword, then thrust to him below and pull quickly to the upper opening, then also cut to his foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the Bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If he hits or thrusts to you, then displace upwards hard with the long edge. Cut directly up across from below onto his arm or through his body. Thrust to him with a winding thrust to his right lower opening, long from yourself, wind with a step to his right. Pull around your head, and cut him to the right leg with well stretched arm so that he may not reach you, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> step backwards with your feet together and cut him high to the head.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|1|lbl=121r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you thrust in ochs, scalp from below with the half edge through his body and face with a step off, cut straight away running to his right side, but don’t let it hit, step with your left around your right. Wind at the same time<ref name="indes"/> and make the undercut a thrust to the right hip. Then the right leg with the undercut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another from the ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Thrust and step with your right foot and with your point long into his face. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind toward your left with your haft. Step and cut to his right leg. This goes on both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the boar'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The play written after is a breaking of the changer.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Step and thrust from the board hard from below. Thwart up to his face, this he must parry from below, and open himself, leaving you free to hit his left side or foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|1|lbl=121v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If you wish to fence with one hand<br/>Know how to break the postures</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Breaking the long point 1'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: If he lies in the longpoint against you, then approach him in the change, take his sword away the the half edge, your strong on his weak, and cut long to the nearest opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one will take away your forward parrying, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> as the blades meet, let your blade run around your head, and cut his right leg; from whichever side he took your blade away, hit him to that side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If one lays in the bastey, then stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword near your right side, the point towards the earth, away from you. Step and strike to him with the half edge from below, angling upward through his face. Let the thwart run off to the left side; cut to his right knee.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|1|lbl=122r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the Ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Step and cut from your right side from below his weapon to his left arm, with the weak of your long edge. The other, strike again into his left, stepping more with the tho strikes well around his left side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the boar'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Thrust from your left side in the approach quickly overhand towards his breast, as soon as he will parry, then pull around your head, and cut him to the right arm. In the strike, step well around his right side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Mark, this aforewritten breaking of the posture must be done deftly, as soon as you take up a posture to him, he becomes aware of your play. When you don’t hold the ‘before’, then your breaking will not go well, as when you took up a posture.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>This aforewritten fencing I have drawn from the old verses and taken it together with the sword in one hand, but now I wish to write on the rapier fencing in my own opinion, which befits attribution itself.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|1|lbl=122v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[???]Though the big and strong people sully you, rethink confrontation, and remember your art besides that despise<br/>their advantage you I pay little attention<br/>then believe me all the time<br/>the presumptuous despiser, he is with uneven swings<br/>therefrom I will say no more<br/>many fine heroes do lament the boxing[???]</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS Var.82 123r.png|400x400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 123r.png|1|lbl=123r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|1|lbl=124v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126v.png|1|lbl=126v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 127r.png|1|lbl=127r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master begin
 +
| title = Additional cutting diagrams
 +
| width = 100%
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Lund Diagrams
 +
  | width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| class="noline" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| class="noline" |  
 +
| class="noline" | {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
  | title = Rostock Diagrams
 +
  | width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
 
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
 
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
Line 4,093: Line 4,929:
 
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
 
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
  
<p>As often as you have use in binding with the wepons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
+
<p>As often as you have use in binding with the weapons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
Line 4,115: Line 4,951:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
  
 
<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
 
<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
Line 4,127: Line 4,963:
 
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
 
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
  
Line 4,138: Line 4,974:
 
  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A2.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 4,181: Line 5,017:
 
  | width = 90em
 
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 4,216: Line 5,052:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
  
Line 4,224: Line 5,060:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
  
Line 4,591: Line 5,426:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=3.32r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=3.32r}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff L.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
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|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff M.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 4,603: Line 5,463:
 
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Lund Images
+
  | work        = Lund Figures
 
  | authors    =  
 
  | authors    =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
Line 4,610: Line 5,470:
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = 1570 Images
+
  | work        = 1570 Figures
 
  | authors    = [[Tobias Stimmer]]
 
  | authors    = [[Tobias Stimmer]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
Line 4,617: Line 5,477:
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Rostock Images
+
  | work        = Rostock Figures
 
  | authors    = [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]
 
  | authors    = [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]
 
  | source link = http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/ppn780606825/phys_0000
 
  | source link = http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/ppn780606825/phys_0000
Line 4,672: Line 5,532:
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
** 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0
+
** 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
 +
** 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
 
** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
 
** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750
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[[Category:Greatsword]]
 
[[Category:Greatsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 +
[[Category:Pike]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Side Sword]]
 
[[Category:Side Sword]]
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[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Old format]]

Revision as of 18:06, 15 January 2021

Joachim Meyer
Born ca. 1537
Basel, Germany
Died 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
Schwerin, Germany
Spouse(s) Appolonia Ruhlman
Occupation
Citizenship Strasbourg
Patron
  • Johann Albrecht (?)
  • Johann Casimir
Movement Freifechter
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Gründtliche Beschreibung der
Kunst des Fechtens
(1570)
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Forgeng, 2006
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Joachim Meyer sig.jpg

Joachim Meyer (ca. 1537 - 1571)[1] was a 16th century German Freifechter and fencing master. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master Johannes Liechtenauer, and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive fencing manuals. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing.[2] In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.[3]

Meyer was born in Basel,[4] where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.[5]

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)[1] and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a Fechtschule (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;[6] the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript (MS A.4º.2) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.[7] Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with long sword, dussack, and rapier. His second manuscript (MS Var.82), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including Sigmund ain Ringeck, pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and Martin Syber, and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German Messer teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of Tobias Stimmer.[8]

Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.[1] Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.[6]

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.[1]

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.[9][10]

Treatises

Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the MS A.4º.2 (Lund) and the MS Var 82 (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.[11] Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.

The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt (via Christian Egenolff's reprint) and Liechtenauer glossators Sigmund ain Ringeck and Lew, as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief Recital of Martin Syber. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary Paulus Hector Mair was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a greatsword and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.[12] Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,[13] combines the old Messer teachings of Johannes Lecküchner and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of Achille Marozzo). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.

The third part of Meyer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo[14] and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the pike). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

Additional Resources

  • Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
  • Meyer, Joachim. Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’. TAT. Wolfgang Landwehr, 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng.
    • 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
    • 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
    • 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Dupuis, Olivier. Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat. Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.
  2. Castle, Egerton. Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.
  3. Naumann, Robert. Serapeum. Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.
  4. According to his wedding certificate.
  5. His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by Achilles Marozzo's printed treatise.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer". Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  7. Norling, Roger. "The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  8. Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.
  9. Schaer, Alfred. Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.
  10. Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. Fencing. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.
  11. Jens P. Kleinau. "1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz". Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  12. Roberts, James. "System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  13. Roger Norling. "The Dussack - a weapon of war". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  14. Norling, Roger. "Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  15. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  16. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  17. Corrected from Im, the first stroke of the “m” has been cancelled.
  18. Spitz uber- is clearly copied twice, this is probably an eye-skip.
  19. 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 19.28 19.29 19.30 19.31 indes
  20. palm up
  21. Illegible deletion.
  22. oberhauw
  23. ‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it
  24. short edge
  25. “Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.
  26. short edge
  27. Unleserliche Streichung. Illegible deletion.
  28. Unleserliche gestrichen Einfügung oberhalb der Zeile. Crossed out illegible insertion above the line.
  29. Die Schlaufe des »h« trägt ein Diärese. The loop of the “h” carries a diaeresis.
  30. Korrigiert aus »mitelhauw«. Corrected from “mitelhauw”.
  31. Leicht unleserlich. Slightly illegible.
  32. Überschriebens »vom«. Overwritten “vom”.
  33. Inserted by means of a special mark.
  34. Word inserted next to the text.
  35. Inserted nest to the text.
  36. Zwei Worte am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Two words inserted at the margin.
  37. Wort am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Word inserted at the margin.