Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Joachim Meyer"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(37 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 71: Line 71:
 
  | below                =  
 
  | below                =  
 
}}
 
}}
{{foreignchar|Joachim Meyer|ÿ}}
 
 
'''Joachim Meyer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571)<ref name="Dupuis">[[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. ''Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat.'' Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.</ref> was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[Freifechter]] and [[fencing master]]. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing.<ref name="Castle 74">[[Egerton Castle|Castle, Egerton]]. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=74}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.</ref> In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.<ref name="Naumann">Naumann, Robert. ''Serapeum.'' Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.</ref>
 
'''Joachim Meyer''' (ca. 1537 - 1571)<ref name="Dupuis">[[Olivier Dupuis|Dupuis, Olivier]]. ''Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat.'' Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.</ref> was a [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[Freifechter]] and [[fencing master]]. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive [[fencing manual]]s. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing.<ref name="Castle 74">[[Egerton Castle|Castle, Egerton]]. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=74}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.</ref> In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.<ref name="Naumann">Naumann, Robert. ''Serapeum.'' Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.</ref>
  
 
Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise.</ref>
 
Meyer was born in Basel,<ref>According to his wedding certificate.</ref> where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.<ref>His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by [[Achilles Marozzo]]'s printed treatise.</ref>
  
Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)<ref name="Dupuis"/> and joined the Cutler's Guild. His interests had already moved beyond knife-smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;<ref name="Van Slambrouck">Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291284452_The_Life_and_Work_of_Joachim_Meyer The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer]". ''Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.''</ref> the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.
+
Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)<ref name="Dupuis"/> and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a [[Fechtschule]] (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;<ref name="Van Slambrouck">Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291284452_The_Life_and_Work_of_Joachim_Meyer The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer]". ''Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.''</ref> the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.
  
 
Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/the-history-of-joachim-meyers-treatise-to-von-solms/ The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[long sword]], [[dussack]], and [[rapier]]. His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].<ref>Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.</ref>  
 
Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript ([[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]]) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.<ref>[[Roger Norling|Norling, Roger]]. "[http://www.hroarr.com/the-history-of-joachim-meyers-treatise-to-von-solms/ The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with [[long sword]], [[dussack]], and [[rapier]]. His second manuscript ([[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var.82]]), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], and [[Martin Syber]], and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German [[Messer]] teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of [[Tobias Stimmer]].<ref>Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.</ref>  
  
Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.<ref name="Dupuis"/> Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 500 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.<ref name="Van Slambrouck"/>
+
Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.<ref name="Dupuis"/> Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.<ref name="Van Slambrouck"/>
  
 
Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.<ref name="Dupuis"/>
 
Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.<ref name="Dupuis"/>
  
 
Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.<ref>Schaer, Alfred. {{Google books|0egSAAAAYAAJ|Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte|page=76}}. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.</ref><ref>Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. {{Google books|OXSZ8FjBfhkC|Fencing|page=267}}. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.</ref>
 
Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.<ref>Schaer, Alfred. {{Google books|0egSAAAAYAAJ|Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte|page=76}}. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.</ref><ref>Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. {{Google books|OXSZ8FjBfhkC|Fencing|page=267}}. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.</ref>
 
The Fechtschule of Joachim Meyer in Strasbourg, a thriving school of fence equal to many others in Germany at the time, was taken over during the Acquisition of Strasbourg by Louis XIV in 1681; it was turned into the "Academie de Arms" and essentially absorbed into the French school of fence.<ref name="Castle 147">Castle, Egerton. {{Google books|XgYHAAAAQAAJ|Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century|page=147}}. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. p 147.</ref>
 
 
{{TOC limit|3}}
 
{{TOC limit|3}}
 
== Treatises ==
 
== Treatises ==
  
Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund) and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.<ref>[[Hans Talhoffer (Blogger)|Kleinau, Jens P]]. "[http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/1561-joachim-meyer-dedicated-a-fencing-book-to-the-pfalzgrafen-of-pfalz-veldenz-2/ 1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz]". ''Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau''. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. In keeping with this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises to present a method for training to fence, a significant departure from the earlier works in the tradition which explain the system of fencing directly. In keeping with this, he illustrated the techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed fencing swords, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
+
Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4º.2]] (Lund) and the [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Var 82]] (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.<ref>[[Jens P. Kleinau]]. "[http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/1561-joachim-meyer-dedicated-a-fencing-book-to-the-pfalzgrafen-of-pfalz-veldenz-2/ 1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz]". ''Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau''. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings]]". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.
  
The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
+
The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] (via [[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Christian Egenolff's reprint]]) and Liechtenauer glossators [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Lew]], as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief [[Recital]] of [[Martin Syber]]. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary [[Paulus Hector Mair]] was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a [[greatsword]] and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).
  
 
The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
 
The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.<ref>Roberts, James. "[http://www.hroarr.com/system-vs-syllabus-meyers-1560-and-1570-sidesword-texts/ System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts]". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.</ref> Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,<ref>[[Roger Norling]]. "[http://hroarr.com/the-dussack/ The Dussack - a weapon of war]". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.</ref> combines the old [[Messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of [[Achille Marozzo]]). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.
Line 105: Line 102:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = Dedication to the Lund
 
  | title = Dedication to the Lund
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | <p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 03r.jpg|300px|center]]</p>
+
| rowspan="2" | <p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 01r.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|300px|center]]</p>
+
<p>[[File:MS A.4º.2 02v.jpg|400px|center]]</p>
 
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
 
| <p>'''To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir'''</p>
  
Line 122: Line 119:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Your Grace</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>Your Grace</p>
  
 
<p>Subserviently Willing</p>
 
<p>Subserviently Willing</p>
  
 
<p>Joachim Meyer<br/>Fencing Master</p>
 
<p>Joachim Meyer<br/>Fencing Master</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 134: Line 131:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = Dedication to the 1570
 
  | title = Dedication to the 1570
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Cover.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Cover.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Thorough Descriptions / of the free Knightly and}}''' Noble Art of Fencing / with various Custom'''ary Weapons / with many beautiful and useful illustrated Figures affected and presented.'''</p>
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Thorough Descriptions / of the free Knightly and}}''' Noble Art of Fencing / with various Custom'''ary Weapons / with many beautiful and useful illustrated Figures affected and presented.'''</p>
  
Line 152: Line 149:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Crest.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Crest.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/8|1|lbl=a2r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/8|1|lbl=a2r}}
Line 280: Line 277:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/21|3|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/21|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 289: Line 286:
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
  | title = Long Sword
+
  | title = Sword
 
  | width = 100%
 
  | width = 100%
 
}}
 
}}
Line 295: Line 292:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = Introduction
 
  | title = Introduction
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
 
<section begin="credits1"/>
 
<section begin="credits1"/>
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 306: Line 303:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Contents of the first Book on Fencing with the Sword / and how its description is ordered / and whereupon this Knightly Art’s foundations are laid.'''
+
| <p>'''Contents of the first Book on Fencing with the Sword / and how its description is ordered / and whereupon this Knightly Art’s foundations are laid.'''</p>
| '''[Ir] Inhalt des ersten Buchs vom Fechten im Schwerdt / unnd was für Ordnung in beschreibung des-selben gehalten / auch warauff diser Ritterlichen Kunst grundtfeste gelegen.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|1|lbl=1.1ra}}
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| As I intent to diligently and truly and to the best of my understanding and abilities describe the art of Fencing in the Knightly and Manly weapons that are currently used most often by us Germans, and because fencing with the sword is not just the source and origin of all other forms of fencing but, as experience shows and as is obvious, also the most artful and manly next to other weapons, I deem it necessary and good to begin with it and do so in brevity but also clarity as it is customary in other arts and disciplines.
+
| <p>As I intent to diligently and truly and to the best of my understanding and abilities describe the art of Fencing in the Knightly and Manly weapons that are currently used most often by us Germans, and because fencing with the sword is not just the source and origin of all other forms of fencing but, as experience shows and as is obvious, also the most artful and manly next to other weapons, I deem it necessary and good to begin with it and do so in brevity but also clarity as it is customary in other arts and disciplines.</p>
| Dieweil ich mir die Kunst des Fechtens in disen Ritterlichen und Mannlichen Wehren / welche jetziger zeit bey uns Teutschen am meisten gebreuchlichsten / nach meinem besten verstand uñ vermögen auffs fleissigest und trewlichest zubeschreiben fürgenommen / und aber die erfahrung gibt und offenbar ist / das / das Fechten im Schwerdt nit allein ein ursprung und quell alles andern Fechten / sonder auch für andern wehren das aller künstlichst und manlichste ist / derwegen hat mich notwendig und für gut angesehen / von diser meinen eingang zumachen / und auffs kürtzest / aber doch klärlich davon auff solche weiß zuhandlen / wie in andern künsten und übungen allen beschicht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|2|lbl=1.1rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.
+
| <p>Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.</p>
| Erstlich ihre zugehörende terminos und art zureden / anzeigen / so von Meistern diser kunst mit sondern fleiß darumb erfunden / das man die heimligkeit und geschwindigkeit derselben desto kürtzer und ringer lernen und begreiffen möge. Nach mas solche terminos erklären und außlegen / damit eigentlich jederman möge verstahn / was durch solche art zureden verstanden soll warden.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|3|lbl=1.1rac}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Then thirdly, achieve the ability to extend the art in your own right, and from your clarity attain and exude the proper judgement in Stance and Strikes so that Youth will not have to learn this art unguided and, because of your unspoken word, ill is wrought and they thus learn wrongly to the detriment of the art. Once achieved, we need your words and thoughts in this art, first from notes you would clarify, then onto subjects important to read in training, then to other subjects you want to develop further, so that the discipline of fencing grows on properly understood principles you have contributed to, rather than relying on mindless juggling, thus greater the difference between juggling and fencing will become, and the Knightly art of Fencing will grow from Warriors far and wide, particularly to Citizens at large, but beware the Juggler, to whom the unseemliest losses are and who is found everywhere in the world, until all are put away.
+
| <p>Then thirdly, achieve the ability to extend the art in your own right, and from your clarity attain and exude the proper judgement in Stance and Strikes so that Youth will not have to learn this art unguided and, because of your unspoken word, ill is wrought and they thus learn wrongly to the detriment of the art. Once achieved, we need your words and thoughts in this art, first from notes you would clarify, then onto subjects important to read in training, then to other subjects you want to develop further, so that the discipline of fencing grows on properly understood principles you have contributed to, rather than relying on mindless juggling, thus greater the difference between juggling and fencing will become, and the Knightly art of Fencing will grow from Warriors far and wide, particularly to Citizens at large, but beware the Juggler, to whom the unseemliest losses are and who is found everywhere in the world, until all are put away.</p>
| Dann zum dritten die übung der kunst an ir selbst darzuthun / wie sie soll auß den erklerten häuen und Legern ins werck gericht werden / auff das nit allein die Jugend so sich auff solche kunst zubegeben willens / durch solche inen unbekandte wort irrig gemacht und zur ver '''[Iv]''' achtung diser kunst verursacht würde / oder auch so mitten in der kunstr solcher wort gedacht / erst von nöten sie zu erkleren / welchs dan eim sehr verdrießlich zu lesen / sonder auch die erfarnen abnemen mögen / das die übung des Fechtens auß rechtem verstendigen grund ihr herkommen habe / und nicht an leichtfertigem Gauckelwerck gelegen / sintemal under solchem Gauckelwerck unnd dem Fechten ein grosser underschaid ist / und die Ritterliche kunst des Fechtens von allen weit erfarnen Kriegsleuten / insonderheit den Römern in grossem werdt / Hiergegen aber die Gauckler / vor das unwerdest losest gesindt / so auff der welt befunden / jhe und all weg gehalten worden.  
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/22|4|lbl=1.1rd|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|1|lbl=1.1va|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Fencing with the Sword is nothing other than a discipline, wherein your force strives together with your sword in placement so that one with the other, using care and agility, artfulness, delicacy and manlyness, are at need the same both in strikes and in other handwork one is obliged to, excepting when one is not in a serious situation, thus by such discipline one will be more dangerous and more skillful, and when needing to protect one’s body be more effective.
+
| <p>Fencing with the Sword is nothing other than a discipline, wherein your force strives together with your sword in placement so that one with the other, using care and agility, artfulness, delicacy and manlyness, are at need the same both in strikes and in other handwork one is obliged to, excepting when one is not in a serious situation, thus by such discipline one will be more dangerous and more skillful, and when needing to protect one’s body be more effective.</p>
| Unnd ist aber das Fechten im Schwerdt anders nichts dan ein übung / darin irer zwen mit dem Schwerdt zu samen streiten / im versatz / das einer den andern mit vorsichtigkeit und aller behendigkeit / künstlich / zierlich und manlich, im gebrauch desselben mit häuwen und anderer handarbeit oblige un sige / auff das wo von nöten in ernstlichen sachen / einer durch solche ubung desto hurtiger und geschickter / und zur beschützung seines leibs desto fürsichtiger sein möge.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|2|lbl=1.1vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| This can be advanced in three stages and be organized thus, namely as the Start, the Middle and the End, where the three stages each have one aim which you shall fence through, and must do one by one to advance, that you thereby know with which strikes or stances you will engage your counterpart and then frontally attack as you would in the Middle stage’s handwork, letting fly to work against the openings, keeping the initiative such that his attacks are preempted.
+
| <p>This can be advanced in three stages and be organized thus, namely as the Start, the Middle and the End, where the three stages each have one aim which you shall fence through, and must do one by one to advance, that you thereby know with which strikes or stances you will engage your counterpart and then frontally attack as you would in the Middle stage’s handwork, letting fly to work against the openings, keeping the initiative such that his attacks are preempted.</p>
| Dises kan fürnemlich in drey theil füglich und wol getheilt werden / Nemlich in den Anfang / das Mittel und das Ende / welche drey theil in einem jeden stuck / welches du zu Fechten fürnimest / sollen un müssen eigentlich in acht gehabt werden / das du nemlich wissest mit was häuwen auß oder von den Legern du dein gegenpart angreiffen wollest / als dan so du in angriffen / wie du ihm ferner im Mittel mit der handarbeit / frey fliegent zu den Blössen arbeiten / dein Vor so du im angriff ereilt zuerhalten.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|3|lbl=1.1vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The Last is as you are fulfilled and will, with harm neither inflicted nor received, withdraw.
+
| <p>The Last is as you are fulfilled and will, with harm neither inflicted nor received, withdraw.</p>
| Zum letsten wie du fuglich unnd wol / wo nit mit seinem schaden doch ohn dein verletzung von ihm abziehen mögest.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|4|lbl=1.1vd}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>I call the Start pre-fencing, where one standing against another and he standing against you, have begun to fence.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The Middle is the work or handwork, when one of the participants shall endure longer in the handwork than his opponent fencer, and displace in all withdrawals.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The End is the resolution, where one fencer shall withdraw without damage from his opponent and strike away if desired.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|5|lbl=1.1ve|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/23|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|1|lbl=1.2ra|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| I call the Start pre-fencing, where one standing against another and he standing against you, have begun to fence. The Middle is the work or handwork, when one of the participants shall endure longer in the handwork than his opponent fencer, and displace in all withdrawals. The End is the resolution, where one fencer shall withdraw without damage from his opponent and strike away if desired.
+
| <p>The initial pre-fencing is the face off from the Stances to the strikes, which are of two kinds, namely the Lead Stances and the Secondary Stances, we start with the Lead Stances.</p>
| Den Anfang / nun nene ich das zufechten / wann einer gegen dem Man / den er vor sich hat / zuficht. Das Mittel die bey arbeit oder handarbeit / wan einer im bundt oder lenger in seiner arbeit wider den gegenfechter verharret / un im mit aller geschwindigkeit zusetzet. Das ende '''[IIr]''' den abzug / wie sich der Fechter von seinem gegenpart one schaden ab un weg hauwen möge.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|2|lbl=1.2rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The initial pre-fencing is the face off from the Stances to the strikes, which are of two kinds, namely the Lead Stances and the Secondary Stances, we start with the Lead Stances.
+
| <p>There are four Lead Stances, the Roof or Upper Guard, the Ox, the Fool, and the Plough. There are eight Secondary Stances, Wrathful Guard, Window Breaker, Long Point, Barrier Guard, Unicorn, Key, Iron Door, Changer.</p>
| Das zufechten im anfang geschicht auß oder von den Legern mit den häuwen / welche zweyerley seind / nemlich die Hauptleger und die Beyleger / so auß dem Hauptleger entspringen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|3|lbl=1.2rc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| There are four Lead Stances, the Roof or Upper Guard, the Ox, the Fool, and the Plough. There are eight Secondary Stances, Wrathful Guard, Window Breaker, Long Point, Barrier Guard, Unicorn, Key, Iron Door, Changer. The strikes with the Sword are many, belonging to two groups, which are common to both the direct and indirect strikes which we shall name. The first group is named the Lead or Principal strikes, on which all other strikes are based, and which are four, Over, Under, Middle, and Wrathful strikes. The others are named the secondary or derivative strikes, which are twelve in number, namely the Glance, Curve, Short, Slide, Bounce: Single and Double, Blind, Wound, Crown, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Change Strike. Beyond these strikes come the proper Master Strikes, which we shall also name, from which all masterful and artful moves with the Sword are made and accomplished with varying grips, these are Wrath, Arc, Traverser, Glancer and Vertex which are all used when wanting to conclude and complete, and which I will describe to you. Just as I introduced pre-fencing, so I have clearly spoken and introduced the Strikes to you.
+
| <p>The strikes with the Sword are many, belonging to two groups, which are common to both the direct and indirect strikes which we shall name. The first group is named the Lead or Principal strikes, on which all other strikes are based, and which are four, Over, Under, Middle, and Wrathful strikes. The others are named the secondary or derivative strikes, which are twelve in number, namely the Glance, Curve, Short, Slide, Bounce: Single and Double, Blind, Wound, Crown, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Change Strike.</p>
| Der Haupleger seindt viere / der Tag oder Oberhut / der Ochs / der Olber / und der Pflug. Der Beyleger achte / Zornhüt / Brechfenster / Lang ort / Schanckhut / Einhorn / Schlüssel / Eisenport / Wechsel. Der häuw aber so vil das Schwerdt belangt seind zweyerley art / welche beyde in gemein die gerade und verkehrte häuw genent werden. Die erste heissen die Haupt oder Principal häuw / auß welchen alle andere häuw ihren ursprung haben / und deren seind vier / Ober / Under / Mittel / Zornhauw. Die andern werden die bey oder darauß wachsende häuw geheissen / deren zwölff seind / nemlich / Schiel / Krum / Kurtz / Glitz / Brell / Einfach und Dopel / Blendt / Wint / Kron / Knichel / Sturtz / Wechsehauw / rc. Auß disen beyden werden genomen die rechte Meisterhäuw / welche darum also genent werden / das alle meisterliche und künstlich stuck im Schwerdt in solchen begriffen gemacht unnd volbracht werden / nemlich Zorn / Krum / Zwerch / Schieler / Scheitelhauw / welche alle wie sie volbracht und gemacht werden sollen / wil ich in irer beschreibung so ich auff das zuFechten kom / und von den häuwen sag / klerlichen an tag thun.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|4|lbl=1.2rd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The second or Handwork in the Middle Stage involves the greatest art, where all your withdrawals in the fight can be advances. Look not only to how one can use the sword in binding, Winding, Changing, Enticing, Following After, Cutting, Doubling, Flowing off to leave be or in whatever shape you’ve cut, Hewing, Advancing, Twitching and Jerking, Adjusting, Grappling, Charging In, Throwing, and End Wrestling. An important concept is Targetting, through which one must come to understand Man and Sword, and through which one comes to understand proper stance and footwork, and from which how one shall handle one’s point.
+
| <p>Beyond these strikes come the proper Master Strikes, which we shall also name, from which all masterful and artful moves with the Sword are made and accomplished with varying grips, these are Wrath, Arc, Traverser, Glancer and Vertex which are all used when wanting to conclude and complete, and which I will describe to you. Just as I introduced pre-fencing, so I have clearly spoken and introduced the Strikes to you.</p>
| Die Bey oder Handarbeit im Mittel begreifft die gröste kunst / und alle geschwindigkeit die im Fechten kan fürlauffen. Den sie zeigt nit allein an / wie man das Schwerd anbinden / Winden / Wechseln / Verfüren / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Doplieren / Ablauffen sol lassen / oder wölcher gestalt man umbschlagen / Schlaudern / Vorschieben / Absetzen / Zucken und Rucken / Verstellen / Ringen / Einlauffen / Werffen und nachtringen soll. '''[IIv]''' Sonder helt auch in sich die Blössungen / welche durch die außtheilung des Mans und Schwerdts muß verstanden werden / darzu denn auch das recht stehn und tretten gehörig / von welchem in seinem ort auch sol gehandelt werden.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|5|lbl=1.2re}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| That brings us to the end, which flows from the Middle, and has the greatest Practical use, by which one ends each case, from thereof Withdraw soundly, in order to report what happened, and so arrange it all in the first chapter of Sword Fighting, from the Master Principles onward, so on to officially profess more skill in this Weapon, and by using this Book you shall Teach the initiates, and so after shall this art drive on to become more useful at need, and shall from others range farther to be sufficiently retold.
+
| <p>The second or Handwork in the Middle Stage involves the greatest art, where all your withdrawals in the fight can be advances. Look not only to how one can use the sword in binding, Winding, Changing, Enticing, Following After, Cutting, Doubling, Flowing off to leave be or in whatever shape you’ve cut, Hewing, Advancing, Twitching and Jerking, Adjusting, Grappling, Charging In, Throwing, and End Wrestling. An important concept is Targetting, through which one must come to understand Man and Sword, and through which one comes to understand proper stance and footwork, and from which how one shall handle one’s point.</p>
| Das abziehen am ende / fleußt auß dem Mittel / unnd hat in der Practicken grossen nutz / derwegen zu ende eines jeden stucks / von darauff gehörendem Abzug / ordenlich soll bericht geschehen / und soll dises alles im ersten theil vom Schwerdt Fechten volricht werden / von Meisterstucken aber / und was zu mehrer behendigkeit zu diser Wehr dienstlich / damit diß Buch bey den anfangenden Schülern / und demnach auch den mehr erfahrnen diser kunst nutzlich sein möchte / soll im andern theil weitleuffiger und gnugsamer bericht beschehen.
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/24|6|lbl=1.2rf|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|1|lbl=1.2va|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.
+
| <p>That brings us to the end, which flows from the Middle, and has the greatest Practical use, by which one ends each case, from thereof Withdraw soundly, in order to report what happened, and so arrange it all in the first chapter of Sword Fighting, from the Master Principles onward, so on to officially profess more skill in this Weapon, and by using this Book you shall Teach the initiates, and so after shall this art drive on to become more useful at need, and shall from others range farther to be sufficiently retold.</p>
| Solchen eingang aber / hat mich derwegen für gut angesehen zu machen / damit diß Buch einem jeden desto leichter zuverstehn were / under sich darein wüste zurichten / so er anfenglichen verneme / in was ordnung ich solche Ritterliche kunst wolt darthun / will derwegen jetz im ersten Capitel von der theilung des Mans / als die am nützlichsten ist am ersten zümelden / bericht thun / und wie derselbig in vier quatier außgetheilt wirdt / anzeigen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|2|lbl=1.2vb}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | <p>Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.</p>
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/25|3|lbl=1.2vc}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 373: Line 388:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 1 - Of Man and His Divisions
 
  | title = 1 - Of Man and His Divisions
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Of Man and His Divisions<br/>Chapt. 1'''
+
| <p>'''Of Man and His Divisions</p>
From One’s divisions one shall come to understand the Openings and Stances, to and from which one will fence, ongoing to grasping the Middle or Handwork which will be described in the course of this Book, even though at first I was willing to sit and describe this subject alone without any other considerations. Then we move on to examine Fencing in all its components and arts, to be at first known from lessons, then from there to be shown, and then onward to be handled, and you shall at first want to take care to demonstrate how it’s properly done, so that not only the Middle or Handwork is attained, but that the Openings shall be minded, from lessons thereon to note taking, and going forward I shall not leave my written lessons behind me to be forgotten.
+
 
| '''[IIIrv] Von dem Manne und desselbigen theilunge.<br/>Cap. 1.'''
+
<p>Chapter 1</p>
WIewol die theilung des Mans auß welcher die Blösungen und Leger entstahn / zu und von welcher auch gefochten würdt / eingentlich zu der Mittel oder Handtarbeit gehöret / derowegen auch im inhalt dises Buchs hievon meldung beschehen / jedoch hab ich dieselbe alhie zum ersten nit ohne sondere ursach wollen setzen un beschreiben. Den dieweil im Fechten und in allen stucken und künsten / es am ersten von nöten ist zu wissen / was das sey darumb es zu thun / un derwegen darvon gehandelt würdt / hat sich zum ersten wollen gebüren / hievon bericht zuthun / damit nit erst in dem Mittel oder Handarbeit so solcher Blösungen gedacht würt / von nöten davon zuschreiben / unnd ich im lauff meines schreibens hindersich gezogen wurd.
+
 
 +
<p>From One’s divisions one shall come to understand the Openings and Stances, to and from which one will fence, ongoing to grasping the Middle or Handwork which will be described in the course of this Book, even though at first I was willing to sit and describe this subject alone without any other considerations. Then we move on to examine Fencing in all its components and arts, to be at first known from lessons, then from there to be shown, and then onward to be handled, and you shall at first want to take care to demonstrate how it’s properly done, so that not only the Middle or Handwork is attained, but that the Openings shall be minded, from lessons thereon to note taking, and going forward I shall not leave my written lessons behind me to be forgotten.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|1|lbl=1.3va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Now we will visualise a man in four quarters or parts, Above and Below and on both the Right and the Left. Beyond this and how you view yourself, I dare not describe further, but if you care to look, you see that humans are arranged in high and low and right and left parts. In order to better understand my meaning, examine the figure on the right side of the picture above.
+
| <p>Now we will visualise a man in four quarters or parts, Above and Below and on both the Right and the Left. Beyond this and how you view yourself, I dare not describe further, but if you care to look, you see that humans are arranged in high and low and right and left parts. In order to better understand my meaning, examine the figure on the right side of the picture above.</p>
| Nun wirdt aber der Man abgetheilt in vier quatier oder theil / in das Ober und das Under / und der jedes in das Recht und Linck. Dises was und wie sie an inen selbs seind / darff nicht weitleuffiges beschreibens / dieweil der augenschein selbs solches gibt am menschen was an ime das oberste oder das underste / auch Recht un Lincke theil sey. Doch zu mehrerm verstand was ich hiemit gemein / eklert das Bild zur rechten in obgesetzter Figur.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|2|lbl=1.3vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| And if these four parts weren’t already addressed enough for one, against them the Ancient German Fencer will need to strike with the various strikes as they are known among us Germans at this time, so special in their Handywork with the Winding, these will fight the furthest and against the Greatest since all of humanity in common is divided in the above named four parts. We see how the the Upper Vertices meet, and Below how the Chin and Throat are relevant. Onward we see the Right and Left parts which are joined across the Ears, both sides are relevant, both right and Left ears will be addressed.
+
| <p>And if these four parts weren’t already addressed enough for one, against them the Ancient German Fencer will need to strike with the various strikes as they are known among us Germans at this time, so special in their Handywork with the Winding, these will fight the furthest and against the Greatest since all of humanity in common is divided in the above named four parts. We see how the the Upper Vertices meet, and Below how the Chin and Throat are relevant. Onward we see the Right and Left parts which are joined across the Ears, both sides are relevant, both right and Left ears will be addressed.</p>
| Und ob schon dise nun erzelte vier theil des Mans gnugsam were / nach dem gebrauch der Alten Teutschen Fechter / bey welchen das Stechen so wol als das Hauwen zugelassen / jedoch die weil bey uns Teutschen jetziger zeit / un sonderlich in der Handarbeit mit den Winden / am meisten unnd fürnemsten nach dem Haubt gefochten wirdt / wil ich auch dasselbig wie den gantzen menschen in gemein / in die obgenante vier stuck abtheilen / Nemlich in das Ober so die Schei'''[IIIIr]'''tel betrifft / und das Under so dem Kin und Halß zustendig / und darumb das Rechte unnd Lincke theil / welche gemeinlich wegen der Ohren / so beyden seitten zustendig / das Recht oder Lincke Ohr genant werden.
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/27|3|lbl=1.3vc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|1|lbl=1.4ra|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Be however you are, but don’t think that such divisions are too Childish to think about, like all things they can be improved upon, and so you must therefore respect their proper place, that while they can be furthered and presented alone, through these divisions all concepts to be learned in fencing can be grouped, and from one well and fountain they spring forth to flow. At the same time, Fencing is shown to be like nothing else, in that two persons with similar weapons can thus fight one another, whereby one can hurt the other through his skill or both will persevere to protect and defend themselves at need. In addition my need is to know then how in all weapons such concepts can be understood in the short term and be shown and explained, and if not to be returned to, until the Person can explain the sections, so by them if the opposing fencer tries to mark one or another part, one knows with proper displacement how to smoothly move to secure themselves. Or if one or another intends to aim for an opening, he can also strive to undertake this strike correctly. Then each one shall probe to hit the four points, be met there, and have to guard against same, and thus must always be on Guard, ready to displace.
+
| <p>Be however you are, but don’t think that such divisions are too Childish to think about, like all things they can be improved upon, and so you must therefore respect their proper place, that while they can be furthered and presented alone, through these divisions all concepts to be learned in fencing can be grouped, and from one well and fountain they spring forth to flow. At the same time, Fencing is shown to be like nothing else, in that two persons with similar weapons can thus fight one another, whereby one can hurt the other through his skill or both will persevere to protect and defend themselves at need.</p>
| Wiewol aber nicht ohne / das solche außtheilung etliche gar Kindisch duncken wurde / wie dan aller ding mehr tadler denn verbesserer / müssen es doch die guthertzigen darfür achten / das diß fürnemlich und allein darumb gemeldet / das auß diser teilung alle andere notwendige und zum Fechten gehörige stuck / als auß einem quel und brunnen entspringen und herfliessen. Den sintemal das Fechten wie obgemelt nichts anders ist / dan so zwo Personen in gleichen wehren gegen einander Kempffen / wie einer den andern mit behendigkeit verletzen / oder sich fürsichtigklich verteidigen und beschützen möge. Auch mein vornemen ist / wie den in allen andern wehren / solchs durch gewise stuck und kurtze begriff anzuzeigen und erkleren / hab ich nicht könen noch sollen hindergehn / solche teilung der Person alhie zumelden / damit ob der gegenFechter auß einem oder andern theil zuFechten sich vermercke leßt / einer mit rechtmessiger versatzung / widerumb sich gefaßt zumachen wißte. Oder ob jener auff einer oder andern seiten sich etwa mit einer Blösse erzeigen wurd / er sein streich auch auff ihn rechtschaffen mit vortheil anstellen könde. Dann je ein Man an deren vier orten einer / von wegen entdeckter Blösse getroffen / oder hinwider zuverhütung dessen / sich in die Hut oder versatzung muß legen.
+
 
 +
<p>In addition my need is to know then how in all weapons such concepts can be understood in the short term and be shown and explained, and if not to be returned to, until the Person can explain the sections, so by them if the opposing fencer tries to mark one or another part, one knows with proper displacement how to smoothly move to secure themselves. Or if one or another intends to aim for an opening, he can also strive to undertake this strike correctly. Then each one shall probe to hit the four points, be met there, and have to guard against same, and thus must always be on Guard, ready to displace.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|2|lbl=1.4rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.
+
| class="noline" | <p>The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.</p>
| Derwegen was volgends von den Legern / Häuwen unnd Blösungen gelehrt / ist hie leichtlich abzunemen / das solches alles auß diser nun gnugsam beschreibung un abtheilung des Mans herfleußt.
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/28|3|lbl=1.4rc}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 413: Line 433:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 2 - Of the Sword and its Divisions
 
  | title = 2 - Of the Sword and its Divisions
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 423: Line 443:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Of the Sword and its Divisions<br/>Chapt. 2'''
+
| <p>'''Of the Sword and its Divisions'''</p>
Now we will clarify this and why it is done in fencing, namely how one or another are like the parts of one’s body which one strikes away from in knightly fashion or accordingly defend them at need. Just like the parts of the human are quickly understood, so it’s again apparent from noting why and how certain relative parts of the sword work against others to bring success, and similarly how you should know these labels or overviews before you try yourself likewise, so thus onward from nothing else than your Sword shall you cause communication, and meanwhile have wisdom not in only one device, but also shortly know cuts with the short edge, then with the long, then with the strong, and with the weak, then will you charge on to success from the Sword’s necessities and from heeding this Art’s known elements also have something to say.
+
 
| '''[IIIIv] Von dem Schwerdt und seiner außtheilung.<br/>Cap. 2'''
+
<p>Chapter 2</p>
Nach dem nun erklert / warumb es im Fechten zuthun / nemlich wie einer den andern etwa as einem theil seines leibs / Ritterlichen abbrechen oder hinwider seinen selbs verteidingen möge. Darauff auch die theil des menschen kürtzlich erklert / so ist weiter anzuzeigen von nöten / warum un durch was mittel dasselbig gegen einander zuvolbringen / und wiewol dasselb der Tittel oder uberschrifft dises teils vor sich selbst deutlich auß weist / das als nemlich hierinne von nichts anders dan dem Schwerdt allein meldung geschehen sol / Dieweil aber dasselb nicht auff einigerley art unnd weise allein geschicht / sonder bald mit der Kurtzen / bald mit der langen schneiden / bald mit der sterck / bald mit der schwech / wil sich gebüren nechstvolgendt von des Schwerdts gebreuchlichen unnd zu diser Kunst gehörigen außtheilung auch etwas zusagen.
+
 
 +
<p>Now we will clarify this and why it is done in fencing, namely how one or another are like the parts of one’s body which one strikes away from in knightly fashion or accordingly defend them at need. Just like the parts of the human are quickly understood, so it’s again apparent from noting why and how certain relative parts of the sword work against others to bring success, and similarly how you should know these labels or overviews before you try yourself likewise, so thus onward from nothing else than your Sword shall you cause communication, and meanwhile have wisdom not in only one device, but also shortly know cuts with the short edge, then with the long, then with the strong, and with the weak, then will you charge on to success from the Sword’s necessities and from heeding this Art’s known elements also have something to say.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|1|lbl=1.4va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| We define the form and figure of the Sword’s parts as its Pommel, Point, Cross or Hilt, Haft or Grip, and the Blade, about which, though without evaluation, we will now say several words.
+
| <p>We define the form and figure of the Sword’s parts as its Pommel, Point, Cross or Hilt, Haft or Grip, and the Blade, about which, though without evaluation, we will now say several words.</p>
| Des Schwerdtes teil / was seine form un Figur antrifft / sein Knopff / Ort / Creutz oder Gefeß / Hefft oder Bindt un die Klinge / davon ohne not / was ein jeds / viler wort zugebrauchen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|2|lbl=1.4vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The Blade has basically two underlying divisions, where the first is the Strong and Weak, the other the Short and Long edges, those being the forward and trailing edges.
+
| <p>The Blade has basically two underlying divisions, where the first is the Strong and Weak, the other the Short and Long edges, those being the forward and trailing edges.</p>
| Die Kling hat widerumb zwo underschiedliche theilungen / derer erste ist in die stercke un Schweche / die ander in die kurtze und lange schneide / das ist vorder und hinder.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|3|lbl=1.4vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The Strong of the Sword is the name for the part running from the Cross or Hilt to the middle of the blade, the Weak is from the middle to and with the point or end itself, from which the Long and Short edges grow.
+
| <p>The Strong of the Sword is the name for the part running from the Cross or Hilt to the middle of the blade, the Weak is from the middle to and with the point or end itself, from which the Long and Short edges grow.</p>
| Die Sterck des Schwerdts nennet man den theil vom Kreutz oder hefft / biß mitten in die klinge / die Schweche von der mitten biß and das ort oder endt derselben / dardurch die verenderung der stucke in Lange und Kurtze herwachsen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|4|lbl=1.4vd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
| The Long Edge is the full length of edge from the fingers onward, directed against your opponent, the Short or half edge is the one nearest the thumb, between the thumb and index finger, first finger pointing at the fencer’s self, as if it is imitating the other’s weapon. We will speak as well of the spine of the sword, as shown in the previous illustration.
+
| <p>The Long Edge is the full length of edge from the fingers onward, directed against your opponent, the Short or half edge is the one nearest the thumb, between the thumb and index finger, first finger pointing at the fencer’s self, as if it is imitating the other’s weapon. We will speak as well of the spine of the sword, as shown in the previous illustration.</p>
| Die Langeschneid ist die volle Widerschneid von den fingern hinauß / gerad gegen deinem widerpart / die Kurtze oder halbe schneide heist die so gegen dem daumen oder zwischen dem daumen und zeiger / oder ersten finger gegen den Fechter selbst gekeret / als ob es umb gleichnus willen mit [Vr] andern wehren / also zu reden / der rucken am Schwerdt were / wie auß hie vorgesetzter Figur zusehen.
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/29|5|lbl=1.4ve|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|1|lbl=1.5ra|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| From the overlying parts of the sword springs forths the correct total view, which is very useful in fencing, namely that the Sword is outwardly grouped in four parts and divisions, as is seen in the previous illustration.
+
| <p>From the overlying parts of the sword springs forths the correct total view, which is very useful in fencing, namely that the Sword is outwardly grouped in four parts and divisions, as is seen in the previous illustration.</p>
| Auß oberzelten theilungen des Schwerdts entspringen die rechte gantze theilung / welche im Fechten sehr nutzlich / nemlich das das Schwerdt abermals und ferner in gemein in vier theil getheilet und underscheiden / wie in hievor getruckter Figur zusehen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|2|lbl=1.5rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The first to be named is the Bind or Haft, including Pommel and Cross, for charging, Wrenching, Grappling, Throwing, and of service in other work.
+
| <p>The first to be named is the Bind or Haft, including Pommel and Cross, for charging, Wrenching, Grappling, Throwing, and of service in other work.</p>
| Der erst wirt genant / das Bindt oder Hefft begreifft in sich Knopff und Kreutz / zum einlauffen / Ringen / Greiffen / Werffen und anderer arbeit dienstlich.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|3|lbl=1.5rc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The second is the Strong, as was counted, used in Cutting, Winding, Impacting, and otherwise where the Strong is useful in fencing.
+
| <p>The second is the Strong, as was counted, used in Cutting, Winding, Impacting, and otherwise where the Strong is useful in fencing.</p>
| Der ander die Sterck wie oberzelet / zum Schneiden / Winden / Trucken / unnd anderm was auß der sterck gefochten nützlich.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|4|lbl=1.5rd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The third part is the Middle, which lies between strong and weak on the halfway part and is used when needing to close in the changeful work, where it will be resorted to at every opportunity when needed.
+
| <p>The third part is the Middle, which lies between strong and weak on the halfway part and is used when needing to close in the changeful work, where it will be resorted to at every opportunity when needed.</p>
| Der dritte theil ist das Mittel / wirt auß der sterck unnd schwech umb den halben theil zugleich genomen / unnd der wandelbaren arbeit / welche nach eines jeden gelegenheit alweg mag gebraucht werden / zugeeignet.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|5|lbl=1.5re}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.
+
| class="noline" | <p>The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.</p>
| Der vierte ist die Schweche zum durch wechseln / Schnellen / Schlaudern / und was dergleichen auß der Lenge gefochten gehörig / wie du denn solches alles folgends vil und gnugsam Exempel und stuck haben würst.
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|6|lbl=1.5rf}}
 +
 
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 477: Line 501:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 3 - Of the Stances or Guards
 
  | title = 3 - Of the Stances or Guards
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 487: Line 511:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Of the Stances or Guards<br/>Chapt. 3'''
+
| <p>'''Of the Stances or Guards'''</p>
At all times and in all fencing, when wanting more ability and understanding, and in furthering and learning more of this Knightly art, the proper and basic elements are required in order to advance. Basically this is done because in fencing, one must fence such that One becomes one with one’s Sword, and although this was already stated correctly and sufficiently in the two previous chapters, so here in the third chapter, in order to clarify, it will be examined further, from which onward all fencing shall be fully known and further examined in three parts: the Start, Middle, and End as above was already stated. Onward from the Start, two basic underlying principles shall and must be attained, namely how from the Stances one shall execute the strikes, which will be named and counted, and how one thus comes to success will be clarified. Though the Guards or Stances are delicate, they are still advantageous positions for warding one’s entire body with the Sword, in which the fencer, as is often seen, will come before his opponent with proper placement, position, and stance, and so be unfound and last through the rushing by waiting through to advance onward, and immediately react to what’s coming and with advantage and wisened speed attack and strike against your opponent’s own stances, that he can go on striking without harming you, yet must give away his openings as he works against yours, and so he must either withdraw or strike away from his intended target, and so have his advantage minimised, his blade withdrawn and retreating, and you can then strike in your own efforts. Since the Stances or Guards have the four sections of ones body as their obvious origin, in that one is divided into four quarters, Over, Under, Left and Right, so also one’s opponent is divided and thus shall be encountered, as four Targets, and relative to them there are the four Primary Stances or Guards, from which all others originate and spring forth, which are the Ox, Plough, Roof and Fool, from which one comes to understand the secondaries which, in due order, one comes to deploy, which are the Wrathful Guard, Long Point, Changer, Close Guard, Iron Door, Hanging Point, Key, and Unicorn.
+
 
| '''Von den Legern oder Huten.<br/>Cap 3.'''
+
<p>Chapter 3</p>
Sintemal in allem Fechten / um mehrers nutz un verstands willen / deren so dise Ritterliche kunst zu lehrnen fürhabens / recht un billich drey fürneme stuck sollen in acht gehabt werden. Erstlich warum es in dem Fechten zuthun / nemlich umb den Man / dan wamit sole '''[Vv]''' gefochten werde theils alhie mit dem Schwerdt / un aber bißher in den zweyen vorgehenden Capiteln / von beiden stucken gnusamer bericht geschehen / so erfordert alhie ferner die ordnug / das auch von dem dritten theil und stuck erklerung gethan werde / welches ist auff was weiß alles Fechten soll volbracht werden / das den fürnemlich beschicht durch drey stuck / den Anfang das Mittel und Endt wie oben angezeigt. Demnach aber der Anfang durch zweyerley underschiedlich stuck sol und muß gemacht werden / nemlich auß und von den Legern / als auß dem die häuw ihren anfang nemen / sagen / wie vil seind erzehlen / un wie sie volnbracht sollen werden / erkleren. Die Hut oder Leger aber seind ein zierlich / aber doch nothwendig / stellung und geberd des gantzen leibs mit dem Schwerdt / in welche sich der Fechter so er / wie offt geschicht / ehe den sein gegenpart zu ihm kompt auff den platz / stellet und Legert / damit er nit unversehens von im ubereilt un verletzt / sonder er in hierauß erwarten in acht haben / un alsbald er zu im kompt / mit vortheil un gewisser geschwindigkeit angreiffen un zuhauwen / und sich also gegen seinem widerpart Legern / das er ohn schaden zu ihm nit einhauwen köne / sondern entweders / so er nach seiner Blösse arbeitte / sich bloß geben müsse / un er ihm also die vermeinte zuhabne Blöß mit einem zu oder abtritt entziehen / oder ihm auff das wenigst so er auß seinem vortheil hiedurch gereitzet / sein Kling außnemen / in verhindern / und ihn in seiner arbeit stecken köne. Die Leger oder Huten aber / haben wie dan auch droben bemelt ihren ursprung auß der theilung des Mans / den wie der Man in vier quatier Ober / Under / Recht un Linck getheilt / so seind der Blössen auch vier darauff der gegenfechter fürnemlich zutreffen / und wie vier Blösse / also seind auch gleichfals viereley Hauptleger oder Hutten / darauß die andern alle herkommen und entspringen / als der Ochs / Pflug / Tag / un Olber / die andern aber so hierauß entstehn / seind Zornhut / Langort / Wechsel / Nebenhut / Eisenport / Hengetort / Schlüssel / Einhorn / davon denn ordenlich und kurtzlich soll gehandelt werden
+
 
 +
<p>At all times and in all fencing, when wanting more ability and understanding, and in furthering and learning more of this Knightly art, the proper and basic elements are required in order to advance. Basically this is done because in fencing, one must fence such that One becomes one with one’s Sword, and although this was already stated correctly and sufficiently in the two previous chapters, so here in the third chapter, in order to clarify, it will be examined further, from which onward all fencing shall be fully known and further examined in three parts: the Start, Middle, and End as above was already stated.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Onward from the Start, two basic underlying principles shall and must be attained, namely how from the Stances one shall execute the strikes, which will be named and counted, and how one thus comes to success will be clarified.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Though the Guards or Stances are delicate, they are still advantageous positions for warding one’s entire body with the Sword, in which the fencer, as is often seen, will come before his opponent with proper placement, position, and stance, and so be unfound and last through the rushing by waiting through to advance onward, and immediately react to what’s coming and with advantage and wisened speed attack and strike against your opponent’s own stances, that he can go on striking without harming you, yet must give away his openings as he works against yours, and so he must either withdraw or strike away from his intended target, and so have his advantage minimised, his blade withdrawn and retreating, and you can then strike in your own efforts.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Since the Stances or Guards have the four sections of ones body as their obvious origin, in that one is divided into four quarters, Over, Under, Left and Right, so also one’s opponent is divided and thus shall be encountered, as four Targets, and relative to them there are the four Primary Stances or Guards, from which all others originate and spring forth, which are the Ox, Plough, Roof and Fool, from which one comes to understand the secondaries which, in due order, one comes to deploy, which are the Wrathful Guard, Long Point, Changer, Close Guard, Iron Door, Hanging Point, Key, and Unicorn.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/30|7|lbl=1.5rg|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/31|1|lbl=1.5va|p=1}}
  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Ox'''
+
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
The high parts are guarded with the Ox, which is two moded, Right and Left, thus one can stand in the Ox in two modes, namely the Right and Left modes. The right Ox will first be described, stand with your Left Foot forward, holding the Sword with the hilt next to your head, high and on the right side, so that your forward point is directed against your opponent’s face. For the Left Ox reverse this, namely stand with your Right Foot forward, hold your hilt near your head on its Left Side as said above. Thus you have been told of both Ox Guards or Stances, which is being shown by the Left Figure of illustration B above.
 
| '''[VIrv] Ochs.'''
 
DEr Obertheil am Man wirt dem Ochsen zugetheilt / und wie dasselbige zwey quatier hat / das Rechte und Lincke / also kan man auch das Leger des Ochsens in zwey theil / nemlich den Rechten unnd Lincken abtheilen. Der rechte Ochs wirdt nun also gemacht / stehe mit deinem Lincken Fuß vor / halt das Schwerdt mit dem Hefft neben deinem Kopff / zur Rechten Seiten in der höhe / das dein vorder ort dem Man gegen dem gesicht stehe. Zum Lincken Ochsen schick dich disem zugegen / nemlich trit mit dem Rechten Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft neben deinem Kopff zur Lincken Seiten wie oben gemeld / so hast du beider Ochsen Hut oder Leger / welches Leger in der Figur so mit dem Buchstaben B verzeichnet ist / zur Lincken furgebildet.
 
  
|-
+
<p>The high parts are guarded with the Ox, which is two moded, Right and Left, thus one can stand in the Ox in two modes, namely the Right and Left modes.</p>
| '''Plough'''
+
 
The low parts are guarded with the Plough, whose two modes are similar figures for two sides, the Right and the Left, and so are named the Right and Left Plough, and both will become for you nothing else than stabs outward from below. The Right Plough is described as follows, stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your forward knee and your point pointing in your opponent’s face, as if you intend to stab him from below. While you are in the Right Plough, step forward with the Left foot and stand similarly to be in the Left Plough. The Right Plough is shown by the figure on the Right of the above illustration.
+
<p>The right Ox will first be described, stand with your Left Foot forward, holding the Sword with the hilt next to your head, high and on the right side, so that your forward point is directed against your opponent’s face. For the Left Ox reverse this, namely stand with your Right Foot forward, hold your hilt near your head on its Left Side as said above.</p>
| '''Pflug.'''
+
 
DEr undertheil des Mans wirt dem Pflug zugeeignet / un gleicher gestalt wie dieselbige zwey quatier oder zwo seiten die Rechte un Lincke hat / also wird auch daher der Pflug der Rechte und der Lincke geheissen / seind beide an sich selbst nichts anders / dan ein stich von unden auff / den rechten Pflug volbring wie folget. Steh mit deinem rechten Fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit dem Hefft neben deinem vorgesetzten Knie wende die spitzen oder den ort dem Man ins gesicht / als wolstu in von unden auff stechen / so bistu im Rechten Pflug / tritestu mit dem Lincken fuß fur / und thust im des gleichen / so ligestu im Lincken / unnd ist also der Recht Pflug in obgedachter Figur zur Rechten auch furgebildet.
+
<p>Thus you have been told of both Ox Guards or Stances, which is being shown by the Left Figure of illustration B above.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|1|lbl=1.6va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| <p>'''Plough'''</p>
| '''Roof'''
 
The Guard of the Roof, which is also known as the High Guard, is explained as follows. Stand with your Left Foot forward, hold your Sword high over your head so its point is directly above, consider the figure on the left of the image above, illustration C, which indicates how one can operate from above, that all strikes can be fenced from the Roof or High Guard, which is why this Guard is named the Roof.
 
| '''Tag.'''
 
DIe Hut des Tags / welche man auch sunsten die Oberhut nennet / wirt auff volgende weiß volbracht. Stehe mit deinem Linckest Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt hoch uber deinem Haubt / das das ort gerad ubers stehe / aller ding wie dich das Bilde zur Lincken / in der Figur welche mit dem Buchstaben C. gezeich'''[VIIrv]'''netlehre / was dann also von oben herein gearbet wirdt / heißt alles auß dem Tag oder Oberhut gefochten / darumb solch Leger der Tag genennet.
 
  
|-
+
<p>The low parts are guarded with the Plough, whose two modes are similar figures for two sides, the Right and the Left, and so are named the Right and Left Plough, and both will become for you nothing else than stabs outward from below.</p>
| '''Fool'''
 
Fool is my adaptation of the word Jester, a name which leaves so much to be desired, in that from this Stance no successful finishing strikes can be made, one just uses them to gain an opening against the opponent through displacements to block strikes, which can be used to measure a Foolish and naive person who is not ready for counterstrikes to be struck against them. This will now be described. Stand with the Left leg forward, hold your Sword with the Point stretched out in front of you aimed at the ground in front of your forward foot, with the short edge above, the long edge below. Thus you stand in this Guard rightly, as you can see in the illustrated figure above on the right.
 
| '''Olber.'''
 
DEr Olber wirt meines erachtens von dem wort Alber / welches ist so vil als einfeltig genennet / sintemal auß disem Leger kein volkomlicher fertiger streich mag erlanget werden / man erhole sich dan nach des widerparts durch einen absatz entpfangenen streichs / eines neuwen / welches fürwar einem Albern und einfeltigen menschen zu zumessen / ohne bereidten gegenstreich auff sich schlagen zulassen. Diser wirt also formiert / stehe mit dem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem ort vor dir außgestreckt auff die Erden / fur deinen vorgesezten fuß / das die kurtze schneid oben / die Lange unden stehe / so ligst du in diser Hut recht / wie du solchers in gedachter Figur zur Rechten sehen kanst.
 
  
|-
+
<p>The Right Plough is described as follows, stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your forward knee and your point pointing in your opponent’s face, as if you intend to stab him from below. While you are in the Right Plough, step forward with the Left foot and stand similarly to be in the Left Plough.</p>
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|300px]]
 
| '''Wrathful Guard'''
 
The Wrathful Guard is known as such since the stance has a wrathful bearing, as will be shown. Stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword out from your right shoulder, so that the blade hangs behind you to threaten forward strikes, and mark this well, that all strikes out from the Guard of the Ox can be intercepted from the Wrathful stance, indeed leading from this stance shows unequal bearing from which One can entice onward, whereupon one can move quickly against the other as needed, as is shown by the Figure in illustration E (on the left).
 
| '''Zornhut.'''
 
DIe Zornhut ist also genant das solch Leger zornig geberd erzeiget / wirt also gemacht. Stehe mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt auff der rechten Achsel / also das die Kling hindersich herab zum gefaßten streich hanget / uu ist alhier zumercken / das alle stuck die auß der Hut des Ochsens gebracht / auch auß dem Zornleger gefochten werden können / allein das ungleiche geberde zu verführung des Mans in disem Quatier sich erzeigen / und jetzt dise / bald die andern gebraucht werden könen / besihe hievon die Figur so mit dem Buchstaben E. verzeichnet.
 
  
|-
+
<p>The Right Plough is shown by the figure on the Right of the above illustration.</p>
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|2|lbl=1.6vb}}
| '''Long Point'''
 
Stand with your Left foot forward, hold your Weapon with outstretched arms out in front of your face, so that you stand and point forward at your opponent’s face, and thus you stand in the Guard of the Long Point, which you can see in the picture in illustration A.
 
| '''Langort.'''
 
STeh mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Wehr mit außgestrecken Armen / lang for deinem gesicht / das dein forder ort dem widerpart gegen seinem gesicht stehe / so ligstu in der Hut des Langen orts / wie dich das Bild in der Figur so mit dem A verzeichnet lehret.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Changer'''
+
| <p>'''Roof'''</p>
This Guard shall now be fully described, stand with your Right foot forward, hold your weapon with the point or Weak stretched out from close at your side aimed at the ground, so that the short edge stands toward your opponent, such as can be seen from the right figure in illustration D above.
 
| '''[VIIIrv] Wechsel.'''
 
DIse Hut wirt also volbracht / stehe mit deinem Rechten fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit dem ort oder Schwech auff der Erden neben dir zur seiten außgestreckt / das die kurtze schneid gegen dem Man stehet / wie du solches an dem Bild in der Figur so mit dem D. vermerckt sehen kanst.
 
  
|-
+
<p>The Guard of the Roof, which is also known as the High Guard, is explained as follows. Stand with your Left Foot forward, hold your Sword high over your head so its point is directly above, consider the figure on the left of the image above, illustration C, which indicates how one can operate from above, that all strikes can be fenced from the Roof or High Guard, which is why this Guard is named the Roof.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Close Guard'''
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/33|3|lbl=1.6vc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|1|lbl=1.7ra|p=1}}
To put yourself into this guard, stand with your Left foot forward, hold your sword close to your right with the point to the ground and the pommel above, and with the short edge against you.
 
| '''Nebenhut.'''
 
IN dise Hut schick dich also / Stehe mit dem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerde neben der Rechten / mit der Spitzen auff der Erden / das der Knopff ubersich / und die kurtze schneid gegen dir stehe.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>'''Fool'''</p>
| '''Iron Door'''
+
 
What the right Iron Door is, which you will find out should you go farther onto Rapier Fencing, that while it is used in stabbing with the Sword as by us Germans, this guard is also easily deflected and sent to the ground. Although at this time it is used by the Italians and other nations, it covers like the Barrier Guard, and so of the Iron Door no further report is therefore required.
+
<p>Fool is my adaptation of the word Jester, a name which leaves so much to be desired, in that from this Stance no successful finishing strikes can be made, one just uses them to gain an opening against the opponent through displacements to block strikes, which can be used to measure a Foolish and naive person who is not ready for counterstrikes to be struck against them.</p>
| '''Eisenport.'''
+
 
WAs die recht Eysenport ist / wirstu hieunder im Rapier Fechten weitläuffgern bericht finden / Dan dieweil das stchen mit dem Schwerdt bey uns Teutschen auffgehaben / ist auch dise Hut gentzlich abkommen und zu grundt gangen / brauchen es aber Heutigs tags die Italianer und andere Nationen / ist jetz im grund die Schranckhut / und wird von den unerfarnen als die von der Eisenport keinen bericht haben dafür gebrauchet.
+
<p>This will now be described. Stand with the Left leg forward, hold your Sword with the Point stretched out in front of you aimed at the ground in front of your forward foot, with the short edge above, the long edge below. Thus you stand in this Guard rightly, as you can see in the illustrated figure above on the right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|2|lbl=1.7rb}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
 +
| <p>'''Wrathful Guard'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The Wrathful Guard is known as such since the stance has a wrathful bearing, as will be shown. Stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword out from your right shoulder, so that the blade hangs behind you to threaten forward strikes, and mark this well, that all strikes out from the Guard of the Ox can be intercepted from the Wrathful stance, indeed leading from this stance shows unequal bearing from which One can entice onward, whereupon one can move quickly against the other as needed, as is shown by the Figure in illustration E (on the left).</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|3|lbl=1.7rc}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
 +
| <p>'''Long Point'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand with your Left foot forward, hold your Weapon with outstretched arms out in front of your face, so that you stand and point forward at your opponent’s face, and thus you stand in the Guard of the Long Point, which you can see in the picture in illustration A.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/35|4|lbl=1.7rd}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
 +
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This Guard shall now be fully described, stand with your Right foot forward, hold your weapon with the point or Weak stretched out from close at your side aimed at the ground, so that the short edge stands toward your opponent, such as can be seen from the right figure in illustration D above.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|1|lbl=1.7va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| There is a basic underlying division, and here I will shortly clarify both, and so will now describe the Iron Door. Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword with the grip in front of the knee, with straightly hanging arms, that your point stands upward out at your opponent’s face. In addition, keep your Sword in front of you to shut like an iron door, and when you stand with feet wide and so come to lower your body, you can clear all strikes and stabs out and away from you.
+
| <p>'''Close Guard'''</p>
| Dieweil aber gleichwol ein underscheid darunder / hab ich die alle beide alhie kürtzlich erkleren wollen / und wirt die Eisenport also gemacht / stehe mit deinem rechten Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft vor deinem Knie / mit stracken hangenden Armen / das dein orth ubersich auß dem Mane gegen seinem gesicht stehe / hat also dein Schwerdt vor dir zum schutz / wie eine Eisene thur / dan wan du mit den füssen weit stehest / also das der Leib under sich kompt / so kanstu alle häuw und stich darauß von dir abtragen.
+
 
 +
<p>To put yourself into this guard, stand with your Left foot forward, hold your sword close to your right with the point to the ground and the pommel above, and with the short edge against you.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|2|lbl=1.7vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|300px]]
+
|  
| However, the Barrier Guard is when you hold your Sword with crossed hands in front of you with the point at the ground, which is seen from the figure in illustration F.
+
| <p>'''Iron Door'''</p>
| Die Schranckhut aber ist / wann du dein Schwerdt mit geschrenckten henden vor dir mit dem ort auff der Erden heltest / wie in volgender Figur deren Buchstaben das F. ist / augenscheinlich zuersehen.
+
 
 +
<p>What the right Iron Door is, which you will find out should you go farther onto Rapier Fencing, that while it is used in stabbing with the Sword as by us Germans, this guard is also easily deflected and sent to the ground. Although at this time it is used by the Italians and other nations, it covers like the Barrier Guard, and so of the Iron Door no further report is therefore required.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|3|lbl=1.7vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| '''Hanging Point'''
+
|  
Since you’ll need to be in the correct Hanging Point during the work, look at the figure to the right of the above illustration. Even if the arms needn’t be as stretched as here will be shown, still put yourself into the named Guard. Stand with the right foot forward, hold your weapon with outstretched arms before you, so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the earth, this stance is very close to the Ox in similar form, only different in that in the Ox your arms are strongly held in high mode, but here shall be directly outstretched before your face, letting the Sword hang toward the Earth, therefore it is named Hanging Point.
+
| <p>There is a basic underlying division, and here I will shortly clarify both, and so will now describe the Iron Door. Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword with the grip in front of the knee, with straightly hanging arms, that your point stands upward out at your opponent’s face. In addition, keep your Sword in front of you to shut like an iron door, and when you stand with feet wide and so come to lower your body, you can clear all strikes and stabs out and away from you.</p>
| '''[IXr] Hangetort.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|4|lbl=1.7vd}}
WIe du das Hangetort in das werck richten solt / lehrt dich das Bild zur Rechten in obgedachter Figur / allein das darinen die Arm nit gnügsam gestreckt hie angezeigt wirt / Derwegen schicke dich In gemelde Hut also / stehe mit dem rechten Fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit außgestreckten Armen vor dir / das die Klingen etwas undersich gegen der Erden hange / diß Leger ist durchauß fast dem Ochsen gleichförmig / allein das du im Ochsen die Arm strack in die höhe empor heltest / hie aber gerad vor deinem Gsicht außgestreckt sein sollen / unnd das Schwerdt gegen der Erden hangen lassest / darumb es denn auch das hengetort geheissen.
+
 
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 +
| <p>However, the Barrier Guard is when you hold your Sword with crossed hands in front of you with the point at the ground, which is seen from the figure in illustration F.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/36|5|lbl=1.7ve}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Hanging Point'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Since you’ll need to be in the correct Hanging Point during the work, look at the figure to the right of the above illustration. Even if the arms needn’t be as stretched as here will be shown, still put yourself into the named Guard. Stand with the right foot forward, hold your weapon with outstretched arms before you, so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the earth.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This stance is very close to the Ox in similar form, only different in that in the Ox your arms are strongly held in high mode, but here shall be directly outstretched before your face, letting the Sword hang toward the Earth, therefore it is named Hanging Point.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|1|lbl=1.8va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Key'''
+
| <p>'''Key'''</p>
The Key is shown by the left figure in illustration D, stand with your Left foot forward, and hold your Sword with the haft and crossed arms in front of your chest, so that the short edge lies on your Left Arm, and the point is aimed at your opponent’s face. Thus is this stance or guard rightly made.
+
 
| '''Schlüssel.'''
+
<p>The Key is shown by the left figure in illustration D, stand with your Left foot forward, and hold your Sword with the haft and crossed arms in front of your chest, so that the short edge lies on your Left Arm, and the point is aimed at your opponent’s face. Thus is this stance or guard rightly made.</p>
DEr Schlüssel ist in der Figur welche mit dem Buchstaben D. verzeichnet / also fürgebildet / stehestu mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / und haltest dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft und gecreutzigten henden vor deiner Brust / das die kurtze schneide auff dem Lincken Arm lige / und das ort gegen des Mans gesicht stehe / so wirt diß Leger oder Hut recht gemacht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|2|lbl=1.8vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Unicorn'''
+
| <p>'''Unicorn'''</p>
Come into pre-fencing with your Left foot forward, wings out from both sides, as if you would stand in the forenamed Key guard, drive with crossed hands overhead on your Right, so that the point is aimed high above and outward, thus it is named Unicorn, and stand as shown by the figure on the Right of illustration E.
+
 
| '''Eynhorn.'''
+
<p>Come into pre-fencing with your Left foot forward, wings out from both sides, as if you would stand in the forenamed Key guard, drive with crossed hands overhead on your Right, so that the point is aimed high above and outward, thus it is named Unicorn, and stand as shown by the figure on the Right of illustration E.</p>
KOmm im zufechten mit dem Lincken Fuß vor / flügel von beiden seiten auff / als wollestu dich in vorgenanten Schlüssel Legern / fahre mit geschrenckten henden ubersich zu deiner Rechten / das die spitz in der höhe obersich her auß sehe / so heist es im Einhorn / unnd stehest wie du in der Figur hie gegen mit dem E. gezeichnet am bildt zur Rechten sehen kanst.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/38|3|lbl=1.8vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| And thus are named the count of the Stances or Guards, and now all in the work phase will be fully and shortly examined. After this point in all fencing, you will Strike, Strive, Displace, or float to work for what you wish, and not remain in a stance, but always drive from one to the other, as one or the other must soon become afflicted, thus you especially must move on to keep the working initiative, and will lead out from one to another of the above cited stances, which I will clarify with a few words about the strikes through the lines or pathways.
+
| <p>And thus are named the count of the Stances or Guards, and now all in the work phase will be fully and shortly examined. After this point in all fencing, you will Strike, Strive, Displace, or float to work for what you wish, and not remain in a stance, but always drive from one to the other, as one or the other must soon become afflicted, thus you especially must move on to keep the working initiative, and will lead out from one to another of the above cited stances, which I will clarify with a few words about the strikes through the lines or pathways.</p>
| '''[IXv]''' UNd diß sey von den Namen der anzal der Leger oder Huten / un wie ein jedes ins werck gesetzt oder volbracht wird / kürtzlich vermeldet. Nach dem aber in allem Fechten / du Hauwest / Arbeitest / Versetzest / oder treibest für arbeit was du wollest / nicht in einem Leger verharren / sonder alweg auß einem in das ander verfahren / unnd eines in das ander verwandlen must / wil dir in sonderheit gebüren ein gut fleissigs auffmercken zu haben / wie oberzeiten Leger eins auß dem andern ervolgen / welches ich dañ mit den Hauwen durch die Linien oder strassen etlicher massen mit wenig worten will erkleren.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|1|lbl=1.9ra}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| Firstly if you will execute the high or Vertex Strike, you will find yourself in three Stances, first in the start you will stand in the Roof, in the Middle in the Long Point, and end up in the Fool, so you have moved directly from above through the Line from A to E via three Guards or Stances. If you then drive farther on upward from below to displace with crossed hands, you will find yourself in three more Stances, at the start in the Iron Door, in the Middle the Hanging Point, and in the end full above you in the Unicorn, then grip your Sword with the haft before your chest, so that the half edge lies on your left arm. Now you stand in the Key, and thus you come have onward and drove on along Line A and E from one stance into the other.
+
| <p>Firstly if you will execute the high or Vertex Strike, you will find yourself in three Stances, first in the start you will stand in the Roof, in the Middle in the Long Point, and end up in the Fool, so you have moved directly from above through the Line from A to E via three Guards or Stances. If you then drive farther on upward from below to displace with crossed hands, you will find yourself in three more Stances, at the start in the Iron Door, in the Middle the Hanging Point, and in the end full above you in the Unicorn, then grip your Sword with the haft before your chest, so that the half edge lies on your left arm. Now you stand in the Key, and thus you come have onward and drove on along Line A and E from one stance into the other.</p>
| Erstlich so du den odern oder Scheitelhauw thust findestu drey Leger / dann im anfang ligstu im Tag / im Mittel im Langenort / am endt im Olber / also hastu in der geraden Lini von ober herab von A und E drey Huten oder Leger / fehrestu widerumb von unden herauff mit geschrenckten händen zur versatzung / befindestu abermals drey Leger / Nemlich im anfang die Eysenport / im mittel das Hangentort / im endt ubersich in voller höh das Einhorn / ziehest du dein Schwerdt mit dem hefft vor die Brust / das die halbe schneide auff deinem Lincken Arm ligt / so stehestu im Schlüssel / also kommestu im auff und abfahren in der Lini A. und E. auß einem Leger in das ander.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|2|lbl=1.9rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| The other lines to consider are on the right where we will now examine two strikes. One is from the right Ox striking the high quarter, with the H - D line being addressed, the other is from the Left high part going to the right lower part, along the B - F line. How you will strike through these will be further described here, and then I will soon take you farther through all Strikes and Stances on both sides, both Right and Left, which will be fully described, and of this I will disclose all favourable methods shortly but will start by describing only one method. Firstly or initially move into the Wrathful Guard, from which also comes the strike’s name, that is the Wrathful Strike, which is named for its wrathful bearing and intent, then midway through the strike move into the Long Point, and at the end move into the Changer. Should you strike onward from here with the Long edge, you will then go farther through three more Stances, which start with the Low Guard, onward through the middle with the Long Point, and end above you in the Unicorn, striking through the Line cited above. Thus from either side as you wish, you will start from the Changer and go through the Long Point into the Wrathful Guard. You can similarly strike out with your Sword from the Hanging Point, from which you drive over in front of you to move into the Guard of the Ox. Thus you find always, when taking the indicated Lines, one moves through them via at least three stances.
+
| <p>The other lines to consider are on the right where we will now examine two strikes. One is from the right Ox striking the high quarter, with the H - D line being addressed, the other is from the Left high part going to the right lower part, along the B - F line. How you will strike through these will be further described here, and then I will soon take you farther through all Strikes and Stances on both sides, both Right and Left, which will be fully described, and of this I will disclose all favourable methods shortly but will start by describing only one method.</p>
| Der andern Linien so Schlim durch die rechte Lini herabwerts streichen seind zwo / eine die von dem rechten Ober quatier streichet / mit H. und D. bedeutet / die ander die von dem Lincken Obertheil zu dem Rechten undertheil geht / im B. F. gezeichnet / Du hauwest nun durch welche du wilst / dan hieroben gemelten und alhier ichs kurtzlich widerholet haben wil / das alle Häuw und Leger auff alle beide seiten / Recht und Lincks volbracht werden können / ob gleich umb geliebter kürtze willen zum mehrerm theil dieselb nur auff eine art beschrieben / so kommestu erstlich oder anfangs in die Zornhut / von welcher auch der Hauw den Namen bekommet / das er [Xr] der Zornhauw / umb zornigs geberdt willen genennet / auff halben weg des Hauwes ins Langort / und am endt in den Wechsel. Zeihestu von dasien den streich wider herauff mit Langer schneid / so gehestu wider durch drey Leger / als im anfang gibt es die Nebenhut / in der mit widerumb das Langort / unnd im endt ubersich das Einhorn / Streichestu durch obermelten Lini eine / sey von welcher seiten es wolle / so kommestu auß dem Wechsel durch das Langort in die Zornhut / auch kanstu im auffstreichen dein Schwerdt verwenden in das Hangentort / auß welchem so du ferner ubersich fahrest kommestu in die Hut des Ochsens / also findestu alweg so offt du der gezeichneten Lini eine durchferest auff das wenigste drey Leger.
+
 
 +
<p>Firstly or initially move into the Wrathful Guard, from which also comes the strike’s name, that is the Wrathful Strike, which is named for its wrathful bearing and intent, then midway through the strike move into the Long Point, and at the end move into the Changer. Should you strike onward from here with the Long edge, you will then go farther through three more Stances, which start with the Low Guard, onward through the middle with the Long Point, and end above you in the Unicorn, striking through the Line cited above.Thus from either side as you wish, you will start from the Changer and go through the Long Point into the Wrathful Guard.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>You can similarly strike out with your Sword from the Hanging Point, from which you drive over in front of you to move into the Guard of the Ox. Thus you find always, when taking the indicated Lines, one moves through them via at least three stances.</p>
 +
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/39|3|lbl=1.9rc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|1|lbl=1.9va|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| However it shall be a good Fencer who does not rush and who waits longer in his Stances, so that as soon as he can reach his opponent to attack, he can Fence onward to take the pre-named paths, as waiting longer allows many displacements from which one eventually can come to strike, as will be described below.
+
| <p>However it shall be a good Fencer who does not rush and who waits longer in his Stances, so that as soon as he can reach his opponent to attack, he can Fence onward to take the pre-named paths, as waiting longer allows many displacements from which one eventually can come to strike, as will be described below.</p>
| Es sol sich aber ein guter Fechter nicht gewehnen / in seinem Legern lang zu warten / sondern alßbald er seinen gegenman kan erlangen / denselben angreiffen / und sen vorgenommen stuck außFechten / Dann lang warten bedarff vil versetzens / auß welchem man langsam zu streichen kan kommen / wie unden vom versetzen weiter gesagt.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|2|lbl=1.9vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The Stances are also very useful towards the divisions and openings, thus if one comes into a Stance without danger before Striking, he can soon be mindful of what path to take from pre-fencing. These then serve not just for careful and sensible changes from one Stance to the other, but also to entice the opponent, such that he will be made unable to know what you shall Fence with. Lastly this is also good and useful for all from here on, in that you will easily know and recognise your opponent’s part, and what he can safely fence with, and so thus oppose him more sensibly.
+
| <p>The Stances are also very useful towards the divisions and openings, thus if one comes into a Stance without danger before Striking, he can soon be mindful of what path to take from pre-fencing. These then serve not just for careful and sensible changes from one Stance to the other, but also to entice the opponent, such that he will be made unable to know what you shall Fence with. Lastly this is also good and useful for all from here on, in that you will easily know and recognise your opponent’s part, and what he can safely fence with, and so thus oppose him more sensibly.</p>
| Es sein auch die Leger sehr nutz / zu der stuck abtheilung / dann ob einer im Vorhauwen ohne gefehr in ein Leger kommet / kan er sich alßbald darauß erinnern / was für stuck darauß zuFechten. Als denn dienen sie nit allein zum zierlichen und füglichen abwechseln / auß einem Leger in das ander / sonder auch zur verfuerung des Mans / und das er jrr gemacht wirdt / nicht wissen mag / was er auff dich Fechten soll / und letzlichen ist auch diß hierauß nutzliche~ und gut / das du deines gegenparts stuck leichtlich ersehen und kenen kanst / was er ungefehrlich auff dich Fechten wirt oder kan / und im also desto füglicher begegnen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|3|lbl=1.9vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.
+
| class="noline" | <p>Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.</p>
| So viel sey gesagt von diser kunst anfang nemlich / dem zufechten gegen dem Man / welches geschicht mit den häuwen durch die Leger. Jetzt volgt der gantzen kunst anderer Theil / so zu dem ersten noch gehörig / welches ist von den Häuwen.
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/40|4|lbl=1.9vd}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 618: Line 669:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 4 - Of The Strikes
 
  | title = 4 - Of The Strikes
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 628: Line 679:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Of The Strikes<br/>Chapt. 4'''
+
| <p>'''Of The Strikes'''</p>
Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.
+
 
| '''[Xv] Von den Häuwen.<br/>Cap. 4.'''
+
<p>Chapter 4</p>
Nun kompt das man zu der kunst und freien Ritterlichen übung selbst schreite / nemlich zu den Haewen / welche das eine rechte Hauptstück im Fechten /wie solches anfangs gemeldet) seind / wie viel deren / was ein jeder sey / wie er gemacht und volbracht sol werden / ist nöttig hie etwas zusagen / will allein hie den freundlichen Leser zu vorderst erinnert haben / Dieweil zwischen dem Schwerdt Fechten zu unsern zeiten / wie bey unsern vornfahren und uralten im gebrauch gewesen / ein grosser underscheid / das ich an diesem ort nur was jetzund gebräuchlich und so viel zum Schwerdt gehörig von häuwen erzelen / so vil der alten gebrauch aber belangt / wie sie beide mit Hauwen und stechen scharpff gefochten / will ich in seinem gewissen unnd sondern ort anzeigen.
+
 
 +
<p>Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|1|lbl=1.10va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.
+
| <p>However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.</p>
| Der Häuw aber so vie das Schwerdt jetzt belangt / sind zweierlei underschiedne art / als gerade und verkerte Häuw / die Gerade nenne ich so mit Langer schneid und außgestreckten Armen gegen dem Man gehauwen werden / deren sein vier Ober / Zorn / Mittel / Underhauw / auß disen dieweil die anderen alle herkommen / und keiner auff der welt so seltzam erdacht noch erfunden kann werden / der nit under deren einem füglich möchte begriffen werden / seind sie auch / unnd billich / die Haupt oder Principal Häuw geheissen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|2|lbl=1.10vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes. Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.
+
| <p>The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes.</p>
| Die Verkerte Häuw seind die / wan man in den Häuwen die handt mit dem Schwerdt verkert also das man nicht mit voller oder Langer schneid / soder etwa mit halber schneid / flech / oder einer ecken den Man trifft / als da geschicht mit dem Glitz / Kurtz / Kron / Schiel / Krump / Zwerch / Brell / Blend / Windt / Knichel / Sturtz / Wechselhauw. '''[XIr]''' Dise dieweil sie auß den vier oberzelten Häuwen herkomen sein / werden sie darauß wachsende Häuw genannt.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/41|3|lbl=1.10vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.
+
| <p>Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.</p>
| Nun auß disen beiden komen un werden außgelesen fünff / so die Meisterhäuw genandt werden / nit das wer dieselben wie Recht volbringen kann / als bald ein Meister dieser kunst zunennen / sondern das aus denselben alle rechte künstliche stuck die einem Meister wol gezimen zuwissen her gehen / und der sie recht Fechten und brauchen kann / für einen kunstreichen Fechter zuhalten / sintemal alle Meisterstuck in denselben verborgen / und man derer mit nichten kann entberen. Die seind der Zorn / Krump / Zwerch / Schieler / und Scheitelhauw.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|1|lbl=1.11ra}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.
+
| <p>Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.</p>
| Diese alle wie sie gemacht sollen werden / will ich ordenlich nach einander anzeigen / und erstlich von den Geraden Häuwen sagen / under welchen der erst der Oberhauw.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|2|lbl=1.11rb}}
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Over Strike'''
+
| <p>How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.</p>
The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|3|lbl=1.11rc}}
| '''Oberhauw.'''
 
DEr Oberhauw ist ein Gerader hauw stracks von Oben / gegen deines widerparts kopff nach dem Schedel zu / darumb er auch Schedelhauw genant wirt.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Wrathful Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Over Strike'''</p>
The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.
+
 
| '''Zornhauw.'''
+
<p>The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.</p>
DEr Zornhauw ist ein Schlimmer hauw von deiner Rechte Achsel / gegen deines widerparts lincken ohrs / oder durch sein gesicht und Brust / Schlims durch wie die zwo Linien / so durch die auffrecht Linien kreutzweiß uber einander sich schrencken anzeigen. Diß ist der sterckest under allen andern / als darinen alle krafft unnd manligkeit des des Mans gegen seinem feindt im Kempffen unnd Fechten gelegen / darumb er auch von den Alten Streithauw oder Vatterstreich genant und geheissen wirt. Von gedachten Lini findestu hernach / etc.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|4|lbl=1.11rd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
| rowspan="2" | '''Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Wrathful Strike'''</p>
The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is brought full on. How the upper lines are traversed is shown in both illustration C (background) and illustration G (background). Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.
+
 
| rowspan="2" | '''[XIv] Mittel oder Uberzwerchhauw.'''
+
<p>The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.</p>
Der Mittel oder zwerchhauw kann fast aller ding wie der Zornhauw gemacht werden / allein ist diß der underscheidt / das wie der Zornhauw schlims uber ort / also dieser aber uberzwerch volbracht wirdt / wie zusehen an der uberzwerch Linien mit beiden Buchstaben G und C verzeichnet / solche Linie findestu hernach im Dusacken.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/42|5|lbl=1.11re}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| <p>'''Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is traverses above, as shown in the Traverse line including both C and G. Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|1|lbl=1.11va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Under Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Under Strike'''</p>
This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.
+
 
| '''Underhauw.'''
+
<p>This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.</p>
Disen machstu also / Verhauw dich das du in Rechten Ochsen kommest (davon im nechst vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) und als bald du deinen gegenfechter erlangen kanst / so trit und hauw von Unden uberzwerch nach seinem Lincken Arm / das du mit dem kreutz hoch uber deinem Haupt kommest / so hastu in volbracht. Davon besihe die kleinen bossen in der Figur mit dem B gegen der Lincken handt.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|2|lbl=1.11vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Glancing Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Glancing Strike'''</p>
The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.
+
 
| '''Schielhauw.'''
+
<p>The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.</p>
Schielhauw ist auch ein Oberhauw / aber darumb also genant das er gleich mit einer kleinen Schiele gehawen / wirt also gemacht / stell dich in die Hut des Tags oder Zorns (davon im dritten Capitel) mit dem Lincken fuß vor / wirt auff dich gehauwen / so Hauwe hingegen / doch im streich verwende dein kurtze schneid gegen seinem streich / unnd Schlag mit ebichter hand zuglich mit ihme hinein / trit mit deinem Rechten Fuß wol auff seine Lincke seiten / und nimm den Kopf geschwindt mit / so hastu ihm recht gethan / und stehest wie das grosser Bild in nechst gedachter Figur mit dem G gegen der lincken anzeiget.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/43|3|lbl=1.11vc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Arc Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Arc Strike'''</p>
This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.
+
 
| '''[XIIrv] Krumphauw.'''
+
<p>This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.</p>
DIser Hauw wirt also volbracht / stehe in der Zornhut mit dem Lincken fuß vor / Hauwet dein gegen Man auff dich / so trit mit deinem Rechten fuß wol auß seinem streich gegen seiner Lincken seiten / Hauwe mit Langer schneid unnd geschrenckten henden seinem hauw entgegen / oder zwischen seinen Kopff und Klingen / uberzwerch auff seine hendt / und laß die Kling wol uber seinen Arm uberschiessen / wie solches in der Figuren mit dem D an obern bossen zur rechten Hand zusehen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|1|lbl=1.12va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Thwart'''
+
| <p>'''Thwart'''</p>
You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.
+
 
| '''Zwerch.'''
+
<p>You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.</p>
ZU der Zwerch schick dich also / stell dich im zufechten in die Zornhut zur Rechten (davon in vorgedachte Capitel) das ist / setz deinen Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt an deine Rechte Achsel / als ob du ein Zornhauw thun wolltest / Hauwet dan dein gegen Man auff dich von dach oder Oben / so Hauwe zugleich mit halber schneid / von unden uberzwerch gegen seinem hauw / behalt dein kreutz hoch ob deinem Haupt / damit dein Kopff versetzet sey / und mit dem hauw zugleich trit wol auff seine Lincke seiten / so versetzestu und triffest mit einander wie die zwen bossen in der Figur mit dem H gegen der Lincken anzeigen. Wie du diese Zwerch zur Lincken volbracht / also soltu sie auch gegen seiner Rechten in das weck richten / allein das du gegen seiner Rechten mit Langer schneide antreffen solt.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|2|lbl=1.12vb}}
  
 
<section begin="Kurtzhauw"/>
 
<section begin="Kurtzhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Short Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Short Strike'''</p>
This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.
+
 
| '''Kurtzhauw.'''
+
<p>This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.</p>
DIser ist ein heimlicher durchgang / und wirt also gemacht / wann man von Oben zu dir einhauwet / so stelle dich als woltestu mit dem Krumphauw / das ist mit halber schneide auff sein Schwerdt anbinden / underlaß es doch / unnd fahr behend under seinem Schwerdt durch / schlahe mit halber schneid unnd geschrenckten Armen '''[XIIIr]''' uber seinen Rechten arm zum Kopff / so hast sein Schwerdt mit Langer schneid auffgefangen / unnd den Kurtzhauw volbracht / und stehest nach ende desselbigen / wie an den obern kleinern bossen zur Lincken / das Bilde gegen der Rechten handt außweisset / welche Figur ist mit dem Buchstaben B verzeichnet.
+
|  
<section end="Kurtzhauw"/><section begin="Glützhauw"/>
+
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/45|3|lbl=1.12vc|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|1|lbl=1.13ra|p=1}}
 +
<section end="Kurtzhauw"/> <section begin="Glützhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Slide Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Slide Strike'''</p>
The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.
+
 
| '''Glützhauw.'''
+
<p>The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.</p>
DEr Glützhauw wirdt dermassen volbracht / hauwet einer von Oben gegen dir zu / so schlag mit letzer oder ebichier handt gegen seinem streich / der Lincken obern Blöß zu / laß deinen Schwerdts klinge an seiner klingen mit ebichter fleche abritschen / das die kurtze schneidt im schwung uber die handt den Kopff treffe.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|2|lbl=1.13rb}}
 
<section end="Glützhauw"/><section begin="Prellhauw"/>
 
<section end="Glützhauw"/><section begin="Prellhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Bounce Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Bounce Strike'''</p>
This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.
 
| '''Prellhauw.'''
 
DIser ist zweyerley: Einer der Einfach / der ander der Doppel genandt. Der Einfache wirt also gemacht / hauwet dein gegentheil auff dich von Oben her / so begegne seinem streich mit einer Zwerch / als bald es dan glitzt so zuck das Schwerdt umb deinen Kopf / unnd schlag von deiner Lincken mit außwendiger letzer flech / zu seinem Oher / aller ding wie das reosser Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K außweißt / das das Schwerdt widerumb zu ruck abprelt / zuck es also im abpreleten schwung wider umb deinen Kopf / Hauw mit der zwerch zur Lincken / so ist er volbracht.
 
  
 +
<p>This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|3|lbl=1.13rc}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
| Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.
+
| <p>Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.</p>
| Den Doppeln mach also / als bald im zufechten dein widerpart sein Schwerdt in die lufft bringt zur arbeit / so stell dich in den Rechten Ochsen (davon im nechsten Capitel) zucke das Schwerdt umb dein Haupt / unnd Hauw mit inwendiger flech von deiner Rechten starck wider seine klinge / das dir dein Knopf im schlag unden an die spindel rühre / wie solchs an dem grossern Bild in der Figur I verzeichnet / gegen der Lincken handt zusehen / im streich aber trit mit deinem rechten fuß wol umb seinen Lincke / und so bald es glitzt oder rühret / so ruck es ubersich / reiß in des gegen der Lincken seiten gleich mit auß / und schlage behend außwendig mit ebichter handt wider '''[XIIIIr]''' umb zu derselben Blöß hinein / nemlich mit letzer oder ebichter fleche / als wann es sich in einem widerprell also herte umbprellt / so hastu ihn recht gemacht.
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/46|4|lbl=1.13rd|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|1|lbl=1.14ra|p=1}}
 
<section end="Prellhauw"/><section begin="Blendthauw"/>
 
<section end="Prellhauw"/><section begin="Blendthauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Blind Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Blind Strike'''</p>
Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.
+
 
| '''Blendthauw.'''
+
<p>Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.</p>
BIndt dem Mann von deiner Rechten an sein Schwerdt / windt im Bandt mit dem gehültz oder Hefft unden durch gegen seiner Lincken seiten / wann nun dein widerpart dem winden will nachwischen / so schnell geschwindt von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken mit geschrenckten henden / die schweche zu seinem Kopff / das ist der vorder ort / windt behend wider durch / oder reiß auff deiner Lincken seiten mit halber schneiden auß / so hastu den Blendthauw volbracht / dieser Blendthauw wirdt auff vil wege gemacht. Darvon in Stucken weiter.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|2|lbl=1.14rb}}
 
<section end="Blendthauw"/><section begin="Windthauw"/>
 
<section end="Blendthauw"/><section begin="Windthauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
| '''Wound Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Wound Strike'''</p>
The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.
+
 
| '''Windthauw.'''
+
<p>The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.</p>
DEr Windthauw wirt volgender gestalt gemacht / Hauwet dein gegenpart auff dich von Oben / so Hauwe von Unden mit gekreuzten henden / von deiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / also das dein Knopff under deinem rechten Arm außsehe / unnd so bald es gliitzt / so blad trit mit dem Linkcen fuß von ihme aus / wol auff dein Lincke seiten / zeuch dein Schwerdts knopff wider ab in ein runde / gegen deiner Lincken seiten herfür / das deine Lange schneid uber seinem Rechten Arm hinder seine klingen seinen Kopff im schwang rühret / oder uber seinen rechten Arm treffe / davon besihe das grosser Bild in gedachter Figur mit dem H gezeichnet zur Rechten / und das demnach zuglich dein Schwerdt neben deiner seiten ausfliehe / unnd Hauw behendt durch das kreutz wider dargegen / so ist er gemacht.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|3|lbl=1.14rc}}
 
<section end="Windthauw"/><section begin="Kronhauw"/>
 
<section end="Windthauw"/><section begin="Kronhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Crown Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Crown Strike'''</p>
This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.
+
 
| '''Kronhauw.'''
+
<p>This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.</p>
DIeser helt sich also / wann du im Pflug stehest / oder sonsten durch ein Leger (von welchem im vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) von Unden auff zustechest / unnd dein widerpart von Oben auff dich Hauwet / so fahre mit uberzwerchem kreutz ubersich / fang ihme seinen streich in der lufft auff dein schilt oder kreutzstang / und als bald es glitschet / stoß den Knopff behnd ubersich / und schlag ihn mit der halben schneiden hinder seiner klingen auff den Kopff / so hastu den Kronhauw recht volbracht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/48|4|lbl=1.14rd}}
 
<section end="Kronhauw"/><section begin="Kniechelhauw"/>
 
<section end="Kronhauw"/><section begin="Kniechelhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Knuckle Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Knuckle Strike'''</p>
This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.
+
 
| '''[XIIIIv] Kniechelhauw.'''
+
<p>This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.</p>
DIeser hat den Namen von dem Gliedt / nach welchem er gerichtet wirdt / den vollend also / wann du mit deinen henden hoch uber den Kopff nach dem ersten angriff / deinem gegenfechter under sein Schwerdt kommen bist / und seinen Kopff also zwischen beiden Armen heltet / so Hauw mit den Zwirchhäuwen under seines Schwerts Knopff / ubersich nach seinen Kniecheln / oder zu den gelencken zwischen seiner Hand und Arm / helt er die hendt gar zu hoch / so Hauw mit obgemelten Zwirchhäuwen von Unden auff nach dem knöpfflein bey den Elenbogen / so ist er gemacht.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|1|lbl=1.14va}}
 
<section end="Kniechelhauw"/><section begin="Sturzhauw"/>
 
<section end="Kniechelhauw"/><section begin="Sturzhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Plunge Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Plunge Strike'''</p>
Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.
+
 
| '''Sturzhauw.'''
+
<p>Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.</p>
OBwohl dieser Hauw ein Oberhauw ist / unnd dafür geachtet das zwischen diesem und jenem ein geringer underscheidt sey / wirdt doch dieser darumb der Sturzhauw genant / das er im durchhauwen alweg oben ubersturzt / das die spitz dem widerpart gegen seinem gesicht kompt in Ochsen / und wirt den mehrertheil im gang oder zufechten gebraucht.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|2|lbl=1.14vb}}
 
<section end="Sturzhauw"/><section begin="Wechselhauw"/>
 
<section end="Sturzhauw"/><section begin="Wechselhauw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Change Strike'''
+
| <p>'''Change Strike'''</p>
The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.
+
 
| '''Wechselhauw.'''
+
<p>The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.</p>
DEr Wechselhauw ist nichts anders / dann vor dem Manne mit den häuwen von einer seiten zur andern / von Oben zum Undern und hinwieder abwechseln / ihn damit irre zumachen.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|3|lbl=1.14vc}}
 
<section end="Wechselhauw"/><section begin="Schneller"/>
 
<section end="Wechselhauw"/><section begin="Schneller"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Rusher or Twitch-hit'''
+
| <p>'''Rusher or Twitch-hit'''</p>
Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.
+
 
| '''Schneller oder Zeckrur.'''
+
<p>Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.</p>
SChneller oder Zeckrur ist fast ein ding / welche eigentlich nit häuw seindt die gehauwen / sonder geschnelt werden / die werden volbracht in mitten oder voller arbeit / wann einer fug hat / so nemlich von Oben oder auff beiden seiten / oder von Unden gegen deinem gegenpart mit der flech oder eussern theil der klingen / das wehr last Schnappen oder in einem schwung oben oder under seiner klingen hinein schnellest.  
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|4|lbl=1.14vd}}
 
<section end="Schneller"/>
 
<section end="Schneller"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Diß ist kurtzlich die eigentlich beschreibung der Häuw / wie sie im Fechten des Schwerdts üblich / Dieweil [XVr] aber dieselb mit den streichen / treten unnd Häuwen nur wie sie auff eine seiten unnd art einfach gebraucht werden mögen / alhier beschrieben / und aber sie auff beiden seiten können gefochten werden / hab ich den gutherzigen Leser dessen alhier erinnern wollen / das gleicher gestalt ein jeder aus den vorgehenden Häuwen wie er gesetzt / unnd von einer seiten gemacht / also auch von der andern artig und füglich kann volbracht werden / darumb dann ich der selben weitleuffige widerholung unnd ernewerte beschreibung / als uberflüssig gutwillig übergangen.
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/49|5|lbl=1.14ve|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|1|lbl=1.15ra|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| Weil aber umb vile der Häuw und ihrer verenderung möchte gefragt werden / warumb solches beschehe / so doch alles genugsam in den vier Haupthäuwen sampt dem Schielhauw / mit welchem die andere verkehrte häuw begriffen unnd verstanden werden / will ich den liebhabenden Leser dieser kunst ermanet haben / das solche bißher erzelte zuhäuw wol all in den fünff Meisterhäuwen begriffen / als die aus denselbigen herwachsen / jedoch eigentlich von den erfahrnen dieser kunst / zu mehrer fleissiger unnd nutzlicher ersuchung / unnd von einander theilung der kunst darumb erfunden / unnd mit ihren underschiedlichen namen benamset / damit die kunst die also in einander gewickelt verborgen / desto ehe und leichter begriffen / gefast und underschiedlich behalten werden köndt.
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|2|lbl=1.15rb}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 796: Line 851:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 5 - Of Displacing
 
  | title = 5 - Of Displacing
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 806: Line 861:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Of Displacing, a useful concept<br/>Chapt. 5'''
+
| <p>'''Of Displacing, a useful concept'''</p>
Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.
+
 
| '''Vom versetzen ein nützliche vermanung.<br/>Cap. 5.'''
+
<p>Chapt. 5</p>
Nach dem das Fechten auff zweyen fürnemen stucken beruhet / als nemlich zum ersten auff den Häuwen mit welchen du dein feindt begerst zustillen / dann zum andern auff dem Versetzen / das ist wie du die Häuw so von deinem feindt auff dich gericht möchst abschaffen / krafftloß und die nichtsöllig machen solt. Wie du aber die Häuw volbringen und ins werck richten / ist hievor gnugsam erkleret / dieweil aber ein jeder Hauw so wol zur gegenwehr deins feindts streich / damit abzuschaffen gebraucht wirt / als zur verletzung seins leibs / haben die Häuw ohn mit lehrung der versatzungen nicht können gelehrt werden / derwegen wie du bißher gelehrt die Häuw [XVv] hauwen bistu zugleich auch wie du die Häuw abtragen solt / gelert und underricht worden / dises ob es wol mit den Häuwen wie jetzt gehört / nit kann abgesondert werden / will doch von nöten sein / hie von insonderheit mit underschiedlicher theilung zuhandlen. Merck derwegen anfenglich das des Versetzens zweyerley ist / das erste ist da du ohn allen sondern vortheil / gemeniglich nur aus forcht versetzest / in welchem du nichts anders thust / dann mit deinem Wehr / so du deinem gegenfechter entgegen heltst die streich die von im beschehen aufffahest / auch nit begerest ihn zu beschedigen / allein benüget an dem / wie du ohn schaden von ihm abziehen mögest.
+
 
 +
<p>Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/50|3|lbl=1.15rc|p=1}} [XVv] hauwen bistu zugleich auch wie du die Häuw abtragen solt / gelert und underricht worden / dises ob es wol mit den Häuwen wie jetzt gehört / nit kann abgesondert werden / will doch von nöten sein / hie von insonderheit mit underschiedlicher theilung zuhandlen. Merck derwegen anfenglich das des Versetzens zweyerley ist / das erste ist da du ohn allen sondern vortheil / gemeniglich nur aus forcht versetzest / in welchem du nichts anders thust / dann mit deinem Wehr / so du deinem gegenfechter entgegen heltst die streich die von im beschehen aufffahest / auch nit begerest ihn zu beschedigen / allein benüget an dem / wie du ohn schaden von ihm abziehen mögest.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 873: Line 931:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| And now stands the whole Handwork applied in binding or staying, Travelling After, Cutting, Chopping Down, Walking Around, Misleading, Flowing Off, Putting Away, Displacing, Twitching, Doubling, Overturning, Capturing, Avoiding, Circling, Channeling, Winding, Winding Through, Changing, Changing Through, Cutting Away, Hand Punching, Shooting Ahead, Hanging, Moving Out, Blocking, Adjusting, Grappling, Closing, etc.
 
| And now stands the whole Handwork applied in binding or staying, Travelling After, Cutting, Chopping Down, Walking Around, Misleading, Flowing Off, Putting Away, Displacing, Twitching, Doubling, Overturning, Capturing, Avoiding, Circling, Channeling, Winding, Winding Through, Changing, Changing Through, Cutting Away, Hand Punching, Shooting Ahead, Hanging, Moving Out, Blocking, Adjusting, Grappling, Closing, etc.
 
| '''[XVIIrv]''' Und steht zwar die ganze Handtarbeit vornemlich im Binden oder bleiben / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Umbschlagen / Umblauffen / Verfüren / Verfliigen / Absetzen / Versetzen / Zucken / Doplieren / Verkehren / Schnappen / Felen / Zirckeln / Rinden / Winden / Durchwinden / Wechseln / Durchwechseln / Abschneiden / Hendtrucken / Vorschieben / Hengen / Außreissen / Sperren / Verstellen / Übergreiffen / Einlauffen / rc.
 
| '''[XVIIrv]''' Und steht zwar die ganze Handtarbeit vornemlich im Binden oder bleiben / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Umbschlagen / Umblauffen / Verfüren / Verfliigen / Absetzen / Versetzen / Zucken / Doplieren / Verkehren / Schnappen / Felen / Zirckeln / Rinden / Winden / Durchwinden / Wechseln / Durchwechseln / Abschneiden / Hendtrucken / Vorschieben / Hengen / Außreissen / Sperren / Verstellen / Übergreiffen / Einlauffen / rc.
Line 988: Line 1,046:
 
<section begin="Zirckel"/>
 
<section begin="Zirckel"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Circle'''
 
| '''Circle'''
 
When you stand in the bind before your opponent, and both you and he drive the swords foreward in the air overhead, but neither will give away an opening to the other, then the Circle is an especially good work model at need which you will execute thus: Strike with the half edge and crossed hands from above toward his right side forward through above, so that both your hands stay overhead, but in striking cross your right hand boldly over your left, thereby you will want to reach or graze his right ear with the half edge, the sword thus clips him with your arms under yourself, then step with the right foot to take on his right side or to bring yourself back, and strike a direct splitting strike to his head.
 
When you stand in the bind before your opponent, and both you and he drive the swords foreward in the air overhead, but neither will give away an opening to the other, then the Circle is an especially good work model at need which you will execute thus: Strike with the half edge and crossed hands from above toward his right side forward through above, so that both your hands stay overhead, but in striking cross your right hand boldly over your left, thereby you will want to reach or graze his right ear with the half edge, the sword thus clips him with your arms under yourself, then step with the right foot to take on his right side or to bring yourself back, and strike a direct splitting strike to his head.
Line 1,127: Line 1,185:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.
+
| class="noline" | What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.
| '''[XXIIIr]''' Bißher hastu dun günstiger liber Leser nit allein gehört / auff was weis du mit den Häuwen deinen gegenpart angreiffen / sonder auch durch was mittel du im ferner in der Handtarbeit ohn dein schaden zuckommen mögest / Dieweil aber solches nit genug wo nit zum dritten ein guter abzug gemacht wirt / will ich dir in volgenden Capitel von dem abzichen rechte und klare anleitung geben.
+
| class="noline" | '''[XXIIIr]''' Bißher hastu dun günstiger liber Leser nit allein gehört / auff was weis du mit den Häuwen deinen gegenpart angreiffen / sonder auch durch was mittel du im ferner in der Handtarbeit ohn dein schaden zuckommen mögest / Dieweil aber solches nit genug wo nit zum dritten ein guter abzug gemacht wirt / will ich dir in volgenden Capitel von dem abzichen rechte und klare anleitung geben.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,136: Line 1,194:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 6 - Of the Withdrawal
 
  | title = 6 - Of the Withdrawal
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 1,162: Line 1,220:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.
+
| class="noline" | While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.
| Weil aber alle stuck solches mit sich bringen / wirstu an seinem ort so von stucken gehandelt / solches gnügsam wol können vernemmen.
+
| class="noline" | Weil aber alle stuck solches mit sich bringen / wirstu an seinem ort so von stucken gehandelt / solches gnügsam wol können vernemmen.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,171: Line 1,229:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 7 - A Lesson in Stepping
 
  | title = 7 - A Lesson in Stepping
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 1,195: Line 1,253:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.
+
| class="noline" | The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.
| Der Trit aber seind drey fürneme underscheidt / Erstlich hindersich und fürsich / was diese sein darff nit vil erklerens / wann nemlich einer zu oder vom Mann trit. Zum andern seind auch trit auff die seiten / welche werden durch den Triangel abgetheilt / memlich also. Stehe auff gerater Lini mit dem rechten Fuß vor dem gegenman / und trit mit dem Lincken hinder deim Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken / und diser ist der Einfach. Der ander so doppelt gemacht helt sich also / Trit wie vor mit dem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken / folg denn mit dem Lincken hinder dem Rechten gegen seiner lincken etwas zur seiten / unnd dann zum dritten mit dem Rechten wider seiner Lincken zu. Zum dritte seind die gebrochne oder verstolene Tritt / die werden also volbracht / stell dich als woltestu mit dem einen Füß vortretten / ehe und den du in aber nider setzest / so trit wider mit im hindersich zuruck hinder den andern Fuß / Diese dieweil sie eigentlich in das Rappier gehören / so will ichs daselbest hin sparen.
+
| class="noline" | Der Trit aber seind drey fürneme underscheidt / Erstlich hindersich und fürsich / was diese sein darff nit vil erklerens / wann nemlich einer zu oder vom Mann trit. Zum andern seind auch trit auff die seiten / welche werden durch den Triangel abgetheilt / memlich also. Stehe auff gerater Lini mit dem rechten Fuß vor dem gegenman / und trit mit dem Lincken hinder deim Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken / und diser ist der Einfach. Der ander so doppelt gemacht helt sich also / Trit wie vor mit dem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken / folg denn mit dem Lincken hinder dem Rechten gegen seiner lincken etwas zur seiten / unnd dann zum dritten mit dem Rechten wider seiner Lincken zu. Zum dritte seind die gebrochne oder verstolene Tritt / die werden also volbracht / stell dich als woltestu mit dem einen Füß vortretten / ehe und den du in aber nider setzest / so trit wider mit im hindersich zuruck hinder den andern Fuß / Diese dieweil sie eigentlich in das Rappier gehören / so will ichs daselbest hin sparen.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,204: Line 1,262:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 8 - Of Before, After, During, and Indes
 
  | title = 8 - Of Before, After, During, and Indes
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 1,253: Line 1,311:
 
   
 
   
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.
+
| class="noline" | The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.
| Das wörtlein Intus was es bedeutet laß ich den Latinis bleiben / aber das wörtlein Indes ist ein gut Teutsch wörtlein / un hat in sich ein ernstliche vermanung zu behender bedechtlichkeit / das einer alweg und geschwindt besonnen sey / als wan du erstlich in dem du zur Lincken schlechst / zum andern auch zugleich mit zur Rechten die Blös sehest / Denn zum dreitten ebenso wol warnemest so du der ersehenen Blöß zueiles / wo oder mit was stucken man dir zukommen möge / auff das du dich nicht an deines widerparts Blösse vergreiffest / und des schaden nemest. Also ermanet dich das wörtlein Indes / das du ein scharpff gesicht habest / welches zumal vil ersehen und warnemen / auch an deines gegenmans geberde gnugsam erlernen mögest / was für stuck er zu gebrauchen im sinn habe / und was dieselbige für Blösse mit sich bringen / und wo sie sich eröffnen werden. Dann in disen dingen allen welcher dich das wörtlein Indes ermanet / stehetalle kunst des Fechten (wie Lichtenawer sagt) unnd wo du solches nit warnimst / bedacht und fürsichtig alle Häuw führest / wirst leichtlich zu deinem schaden anlauffen / wie dann an allen Fechteren zusehen / welche einen also uberpolderen und (wie man sagt) oben aus und nirgent an wollen.
+
| class="noline" | Das wörtlein Intus was es bedeutet laß ich den Latinis bleiben / aber das wörtlein Indes ist ein gut Teutsch wörtlein / un hat in sich ein ernstliche vermanung zu behender bedechtlichkeit / das einer alweg und geschwindt besonnen sey / als wan du erstlich in dem du zur Lincken schlechst / zum andern auch zugleich mit zur Rechten die Blös sehest / Denn zum dreitten ebenso wol warnemest so du der ersehenen Blöß zueiles / wo oder mit was stucken man dir zukommen möge / auff das du dich nicht an deines widerparts Blösse vergreiffest / und des schaden nemest. Also ermanet dich das wörtlein Indes / das du ein scharpff gesicht habest / welches zumal vil ersehen und warnemen / auch an deines gegenmans geberde gnugsam erlernen mögest / was für stuck er zu gebrauchen im sinn habe / und was dieselbige für Blösse mit sich bringen / und wo sie sich eröffnen werden. Dann in disen dingen allen welcher dich das wörtlein Indes ermanet / stehetalle kunst des Fechten (wie Lichtenawer sagt) unnd wo du solches nit warnimst / bedacht und fürsichtig alle Häuw führest / wirst leichtlich zu deinem schaden anlauffen / wie dann an allen Fechteren zusehen / welche einen also uberpolderen und (wie man sagt) oben aus und nirgent an wollen.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,262: Line 1,320:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 9 - A Guide to the [Previous] Elements
 
  | title = 9 - A Guide to the [Previous] Elements
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 1,293: Line 1,351:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.
+
| class="noline" | In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.
| Im zufechten komm in rechten Wechsel / hab acht so bald er sein Schwerdt auffzeucht zum streich / so streich behend vor jm ubersich durch / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch von deiner Rechten zugleich mit jhm eyn / im Hauw trit wol auff sein Lincke seiten / fehrt er mit seinem Hauw gerad zu deinem Kopff / so triffestu jhm mit der Zwirch an sein linkc Ohr / merckest du aber das er nit gerad zu deinem Kopff Hauwet / sonder verwendt sein Hauw mit Langer schneidt gegen deiner Zwirch zur versatzung / so Hauwe ehe es rürt mit langer Zwirch / behend zu seinem Rechten ohr / trit Indes mit deinem lincken Fus wol umb zu seiner Rechten / jetz hastu angriffen aus dem Wechsel mit zweyen Zwirchhäuwen / zu beiden seiten gegen einander uber. Diß nimstu nun aus dem ersten theil / zu disem angriff / Ferner wiltu zur Mittelarbeit tretten / so hilfft dir das ander '''[XXVIv]''' theil also / schlecht er von deinem Schwerdt umb zur andern seiten / so reiß jhm nach mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / truck jhn mit der sterck deiner klingen / oder mit deinem Schilt in einem ruck von dir / in dem er vom stoß noch dammelt / und sich noch nit erholet hat / so fahr in eil also mit gekreuzigten armen auff / und schlag jhn mit kurtzer schneidt uber seim rechten Arm auff sein Kopff / und solches wie bemelt ehe er sich vom stoß erholet / wo er sich aber erhielte unnd zur versatzung auffwischte / so laß dein Schwerdt wider abfliegen / unnd zwirch mit einem abtrit deines lincken Fuß zu seinem Lincken ohr / oder wo er nit abgehet oder umbschlecht / sonder bleibt mit dem Schnit oder Langer Schneid darauff / so verkehr dein Schwerdt das dein halb schneidan sein komme / riß jhm also sein Schwerdt auß auff dein Rechte seiten / in dessen aber laß in der lufft umbschnappen / damit deine hende hohe uber dein haupt wider kreutzweiß zusamen kommen / als dann schlag jhn wie vor / ehe er sich vom riß erholet mit kurtzer schneid auff sein Kopff / volgendt trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck / und Hauw ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneiden von deiner Rechten zu seinem halß / und in dem es glützt / so ziehe zu seiner Rechten mit hohen streichen ab. Also sihestu nun wie jmmer ein stuck nach dem andern / der gelegenheit und notturft nach muß gebraucht und zusamen gesetzt werden / biß das ein gantz Fechtstuck gemacht werde. Hie merck aber letzlichen / das auch gantze stuck nur mit zweyen oder dreyen streichen können vollendt werden / als da du mit dem ersten streich in eil angreiffst / und mit dem andern wider abhauwest / und in disen streichen entweders mit dem ersten oder letzten triffst / mit welchen es am füglichsten mag beschehen / oder da du es mit dreien Häwen volfürest / mit dem ersten nemlich angreiffst / den andern nachfolgest / wenn aber / und zu welcher gelegner zeit solches muß beschehen / ist hie on not davon zu sagen / der Marck wie man spricht / wirt dich solches selbst wol leren / nach dem du alle andere Fechtstuck hierin begriffen mit fleiß erlernest.
+
| class="noline" | Im zufechten komm in rechten Wechsel / hab acht so bald er sein Schwerdt auffzeucht zum streich / so streich behend vor jm ubersich durch / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch von deiner Rechten zugleich mit jhm eyn / im Hauw trit wol auff sein Lincke seiten / fehrt er mit seinem Hauw gerad zu deinem Kopff / so triffestu jhm mit der Zwirch an sein linkc Ohr / merckest du aber das er nit gerad zu deinem Kopff Hauwet / sonder verwendt sein Hauw mit Langer schneidt gegen deiner Zwirch zur versatzung / so Hauwe ehe es rürt mit langer Zwirch / behend zu seinem Rechten ohr / trit Indes mit deinem lincken Fus wol umb zu seiner Rechten / jetz hastu angriffen aus dem Wechsel mit zweyen Zwirchhäuwen / zu beiden seiten gegen einander uber. Diß nimstu nun aus dem ersten theil / zu disem angriff / Ferner wiltu zur Mittelarbeit tretten / so hilfft dir das ander '''[XXVIv]''' theil also / schlecht er von deinem Schwerdt umb zur andern seiten / so reiß jhm nach mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / truck jhn mit der sterck deiner klingen / oder mit deinem Schilt in einem ruck von dir / in dem er vom stoß noch dammelt / und sich noch nit erholet hat / so fahr in eil also mit gekreuzigten armen auff / und schlag jhn mit kurtzer schneidt uber seim rechten Arm auff sein Kopff / und solches wie bemelt ehe er sich vom stoß erholet / wo er sich aber erhielte unnd zur versatzung auffwischte / so laß dein Schwerdt wider abfliegen / unnd zwirch mit einem abtrit deines lincken Fuß zu seinem Lincken ohr / oder wo er nit abgehet oder umbschlecht / sonder bleibt mit dem Schnit oder Langer Schneid darauff / so verkehr dein Schwerdt das dein halb schneidan sein komme / riß jhm also sein Schwerdt auß auff dein Rechte seiten / in dessen aber laß in der lufft umbschnappen / damit deine hende hohe uber dein haupt wider kreutzweiß zusamen kommen / als dann schlag jhn wie vor / ehe er sich vom riß erholet mit kurtzer schneid auff sein Kopff / volgendt trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck / und Hauw ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneiden von deiner Rechten zu seinem halß / und in dem es glützt / so ziehe zu seiner Rechten mit hohen streichen ab. Also sihestu nun wie jmmer ein stuck nach dem andern / der gelegenheit und notturft nach muß gebraucht und zusamen gesetzt werden / biß das ein gantz Fechtstuck gemacht werde. Hie merck aber letzlichen / das auch gantze stuck nur mit zweyen oder dreyen streichen können vollendt werden / als da du mit dem ersten streich in eil angreiffst / und mit dem andern wider abhauwest / und in disen streichen entweders mit dem ersten oder letzten triffst / mit welchen es am füglichsten mag beschehen / oder da du es mit dreien Häwen volfürest / mit dem ersten nemlich angreiffst / den andern nachfolgest / wenn aber / und zu welcher gelegner zeit solches muß beschehen / ist hie on not davon zu sagen / der Marck wie man spricht / wirt dich solches selbst wol leren / nach dem du alle andere Fechtstuck hierin begriffen mit fleiß erlernest.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,302: Line 1,360:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 10 - How one shall fence to the four Openings
 
  | title = 10 - How one shall fence to the four Openings
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''How one shall fence to the four Openings<br/>Chapt. 10'''
 
| '''How one shall fence to the four Openings<br/>Chapt. 10'''
 
While up until now, artful reader, my attentive clarification of all servicable elements of sword fighting, such that each would be seriously raised by diligent practice, will be sufficient guide to understand all parts set after here, therefore I will now go forward to show, in one Stance after another, how one will behave therein and also how all fencing from it shall be. While forward you will come to judge all your strikes and actions from or against Man’s four divisions, following on you must similarly be prepared to address the four openings, necessary to go on to the onset of Fencing from the stances. That I properly report on this part, I will now set out and give the following example:
 
While up until now, artful reader, my attentive clarification of all servicable elements of sword fighting, such that each would be seriously raised by diligent practice, will be sufficient guide to understand all parts set after here, therefore I will now go forward to show, in one Stance after another, how one will behave therein and also how all fencing from it shall be. While forward you will come to judge all your strikes and actions from or against Man’s four divisions, following on you must similarly be prepared to address the four openings, necessary to go on to the onset of Fencing from the stances. That I properly report on this part, I will now set out and give the following example:
Line 1,328: Line 1,386:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Segno.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Segno.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| However if you would become practiced in this, then you shall always change with the first strike, and when you first strike to his upper left opening, and then the second is to his lower right opening, and then further as taught above (as is shown by the outer digits in the printed figure), then you shall again strike first to his lower left, then a second to his upper right, and then further as the second set of digits in the previous figure show. The next strike is first struck to his upper right then to his lower left, then further as shown by the third set. The last strike is first struck to his right, then further as is shown by the inner digits, and first learn this as instructed with the long then with the half edge, then lastly with the flat as judged into the work. When you can do such, then follow ahead to the next part, namely that you must understand the four openings before the strikes just taught can be retained, or onward your sword’s blade will be held off and you will be repulsed with better countering strikes, these are thus the two Main Elements of Fencing, the Origins from which all other elements flow forth, onward follows the third, a large element which is and is named the Practice. One comes to the Practice thus: when you can lead your strikes from the stances to all of Man’s divisions, which in the First part of fencing must be taken in the Before thus into the work, and yet your opponent is the same, and is also nimble in the Second stage of displacing, working off or stopping you and your strikes, so that you cannot reach your chosen destination for your strikes, then we come thus to the Third part which is the Practice, which is the most cunning, and teach it as you did the strikes where you were aware, that while every point can be futile or pointless, twitch off closely and nimbly from there to strike again onward, or feint over to let it go off and then lead on to another opening. When he also displaces himself, then twitch off yourself as well, and thus let fly from one opening to another so long and much as you are able to reach to a hit. However, so that such lessons will be marked and understood , I will demonstrate with a few good examples so that my objective will be simply and distinctly taught, presented, and set out, with which the goodly Reader will sufficiently judge all secondary and ongoing elements, and thus can take understanding from it in the Middle work thus:  
 
| However if you would become practiced in this, then you shall always change with the first strike, and when you first strike to his upper left opening, and then the second is to his lower right opening, and then further as taught above (as is shown by the outer digits in the printed figure), then you shall again strike first to his lower left, then a second to his upper right, and then further as the second set of digits in the previous figure show. The next strike is first struck to his upper right then to his lower left, then further as shown by the third set. The last strike is first struck to his right, then further as is shown by the inner digits, and first learn this as instructed with the long then with the half edge, then lastly with the flat as judged into the work. When you can do such, then follow ahead to the next part, namely that you must understand the four openings before the strikes just taught can be retained, or onward your sword’s blade will be held off and you will be repulsed with better countering strikes, these are thus the two Main Elements of Fencing, the Origins from which all other elements flow forth, onward follows the third, a large element which is and is named the Practice. One comes to the Practice thus: when you can lead your strikes from the stances to all of Man’s divisions, which in the First part of fencing must be taken in the Before thus into the work, and yet your opponent is the same, and is also nimble in the Second stage of displacing, working off or stopping you and your strikes, so that you cannot reach your chosen destination for your strikes, then we come thus to the Third part which is the Practice, which is the most cunning, and teach it as you did the strikes where you were aware, that while every point can be futile or pointless, twitch off closely and nimbly from there to strike again onward, or feint over to let it go off and then lead on to another opening. When he also displaces himself, then twitch off yourself as well, and thus let fly from one opening to another so long and much as you are able to reach to a hit. However, so that such lessons will be marked and understood , I will demonstrate with a few good examples so that my objective will be simply and distinctly taught, presented, and set out, with which the goodly Reader will sufficiently judge all secondary and ongoing elements, and thus can take understanding from it in the Middle work thus:  
 
| Damit du aber solches dester geübter werdest / so soltu mit dem ersten hauw alwegen umbwechseln / also wann du einmal deinen ersten hauw zur Lincken obern Blöß / unnd den andern zu seiner Rechten undern Blöß / unnd also fürtan wie oben gelehrt (wie solches die ausserste ziffer in disem hiebey getrucktem Figürlein anzeigen) gehauwen hast / so soltu demnoch auch den ersten gegen seiner Lincken undern / den andern gegen seiner Rechten obern / und dann fürter wie die ander zal im gedachten Figürlein lehrt / darnach so hauwe den ersten zu seiner Rechten unden / den andern zu seiner Lincken oben / und also fürter wie dich die drit zal weist / zum letzten hauwe deinen ersten gegen seiner Rechten / und fürter wie solches die inere zal außweisset / unnd das alles lerne erstlich wie gemelt mit langer dan mit halber schneid / und letzlich mit der fleche in das werck richten / wandu nun solches wol kanst / so folget nu ferner das ander stuck / nemlich das du solche vier Blösse wissest vor solchen gelerte häuwen zu bewaren / und eintwederst die mit deiner schwerts klingen auffhaltest oder '''[XXVIIIv]''' welches besser mit gegen häuwen von dir abweisest / dises seind also die zwey Hauptstuck im Fechten / daraus alle ander stuck herfliessen un ist das Original / Ferner folget nun für das drit ein zufellig stuck welches eigentlich zu rede die Practick heißt und ist / welche Practick ist diese / wan du nun deine Häuw aus den Legern wol zu allen theilen des Mans führen kanst / welches das erste stuck im fechten so im Vor ins werck bracht werden muß / und aber dein gegenfechter ist gleich / und behend auch fertig mit dem andern stuck der versatzung / dir deine häuw im Nach abzuschaffen oder auff halten / damit du dein fürgenommen ziel mit solchen Häuwen nicht erreichen kanst / Derwegen kompt nun das dritte stuck das ist die Practick genant / welches ist der list / und lehrt dich wie du dein Häuw wo du gewahr wirst / das solche an einem ort vergeblich oder unfruchtbar seind / bald unnd behendig von dannen ehe dann solcher Hauw antrifft wider abzukest / oder fehl füruber gehen lassest / und den einer andern Blöß zuführest / will er daselbst auch versetzen / so zuck daselbst auch ab / und laß also verfliegen von einer Blös zur andern / so lang unnd vil biß du eine ereilen kanst zu treffen / Damit aber solches vom lernenden desterbas gemerckt und verstanden mag werden / will ich demselbigen zu gut etliche exempel so meines erachtens einfeltig unnd deutlich lehren / dargegen und setzen / aus welchen der gutherzig Leser gnugsamen bericht / allerley beyfellige und verführte stuck / so hievor in mitler arbeit erzelt / dieselbigen zuverstehn nehmen kann / also:
 
| Damit du aber solches dester geübter werdest / so soltu mit dem ersten hauw alwegen umbwechseln / also wann du einmal deinen ersten hauw zur Lincken obern Blöß / unnd den andern zu seiner Rechten undern Blöß / unnd also fürtan wie oben gelehrt (wie solches die ausserste ziffer in disem hiebey getrucktem Figürlein anzeigen) gehauwen hast / so soltu demnoch auch den ersten gegen seiner Lincken undern / den andern gegen seiner Rechten obern / und dann fürter wie die ander zal im gedachten Figürlein lehrt / darnach so hauwe den ersten zu seiner Rechten unden / den andern zu seiner Lincken oben / und also fürter wie dich die drit zal weist / zum letzten hauwe deinen ersten gegen seiner Rechten / und fürter wie solches die inere zal außweisset / unnd das alles lerne erstlich wie gemelt mit langer dan mit halber schneid / und letzlich mit der fleche in das werck richten / wandu nun solches wol kanst / so folget nu ferner das ander stuck / nemlich das du solche vier Blösse wissest vor solchen gelerte häuwen zu bewaren / und eintwederst die mit deiner schwerts klingen auffhaltest oder '''[XXVIIIv]''' welches besser mit gegen häuwen von dir abweisest / dises seind also die zwey Hauptstuck im Fechten / daraus alle ander stuck herfliessen un ist das Original / Ferner folget nun für das drit ein zufellig stuck welches eigentlich zu rede die Practick heißt und ist / welche Practick ist diese / wan du nun deine Häuw aus den Legern wol zu allen theilen des Mans führen kanst / welches das erste stuck im fechten so im Vor ins werck bracht werden muß / und aber dein gegenfechter ist gleich / und behend auch fertig mit dem andern stuck der versatzung / dir deine häuw im Nach abzuschaffen oder auff halten / damit du dein fürgenommen ziel mit solchen Häuwen nicht erreichen kanst / Derwegen kompt nun das dritte stuck das ist die Practick genant / welches ist der list / und lehrt dich wie du dein Häuw wo du gewahr wirst / das solche an einem ort vergeblich oder unfruchtbar seind / bald unnd behendig von dannen ehe dann solcher Hauw antrifft wider abzukest / oder fehl füruber gehen lassest / und den einer andern Blöß zuführest / will er daselbst auch versetzen / so zuck daselbst auch ab / und laß also verfliegen von einer Blös zur andern / so lang unnd vil biß du eine ereilen kanst zu treffen / Damit aber solches vom lernenden desterbas gemerckt und verstanden mag werden / will ich demselbigen zu gut etliche exempel so meines erachtens einfeltig unnd deutlich lehren / dargegen und setzen / aus welchen der gutherzig Leser gnugsamen bericht / allerley beyfellige und verführte stuck / so hievor in mitler arbeit erzelt / dieselbigen zuverstehn nehmen kann / also:
Line 1,358: Line 1,416:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| Note: twitch with a high strike from the right with the half edge to his left, but in the air cross over your hands and slash with the half edge to his left ear, as is shown by the top two figures in illustration C, twitch your hands again thus crosswise over you, and slash again with a traverse from below to his left ear, then again onward strike the traverse from below to his left with an advance step, twitch nimbly near your left above you, and thrust through in this off-twitch with your pommel under your right arm, and quickly again with crossed arms from your high right into his left, in this way slash with the flat below and above on the one side, that goes to both sides, and mark when you will slash to the lower right opening, which will be with the flat, long or short, then your hands will cross, but when you slash to his hight righ opening, then your hands will not always be crossed, from here mark the following example:  
 
| Note: twitch with a high strike from the right with the half edge to his left, but in the air cross over your hands and slash with the half edge to his left ear, as is shown by the top two figures in illustration C, twitch your hands again thus crosswise over you, and slash again with a traverse from below to his left ear, then again onward strike the traverse from below to his left with an advance step, twitch nimbly near your left above you, and thrust through in this off-twitch with your pommel under your right arm, and quickly again with crossed arms from your high right into his left, in this way slash with the flat below and above on the one side, that goes to both sides, and mark when you will slash to the lower right opening, which will be with the flat, long or short, then your hands will cross, but when you slash to his hight righ opening, then your hands will not always be crossed, from here mark the following example:  
 
| Item zuck mit halber schneid von dem Rechten ein hohen streich zu seiner Lincken / aber in der lufft verschrenck dein hend / und schlag mit halber schneide zu seinem lincken ohr / wie du solches an den zweyen obern Bilder zur Lincken in der Figur so mit dem C. verzeichnet sehen kanst / zuck deine hende also kreutzweiß wider ubersich / unnd schlag mit einer zwirch wider von Unden zu seinem lincken Ohr / also auch herwiderumb Hauw die zwirch von Unden zu seiner Lincken mit einem zutrit / zuck behendt neben deiner Rechten ubersich / unnd stoß in solchem auffzucken dein Knopff under dein rechten Arm durch / und schnell also mit geschrenckten henden wider von deiner Rechten Oben hinein zu seiner Lincken / auff diese weise schlag es auch mit der flech Unden und Oben auff einer seiten zusamen / das gehet zu beiden seiten / und merck wann du zur Rechten undern Blöß schlechst / es sey flech / lang oder kurtz / so kommen dein hend kreutzweiß / aber wann du '''[XXXr]''' zu seiner Rechten obern Blösse schlechst / so kommen deine hende nicht alwegen kreutzweiß / hievon merck auff folgend Exempel.
 
| Item zuck mit halber schneid von dem Rechten ein hohen streich zu seiner Lincken / aber in der lufft verschrenck dein hend / und schlag mit halber schneide zu seinem lincken ohr / wie du solches an den zweyen obern Bilder zur Lincken in der Figur so mit dem C. verzeichnet sehen kanst / zuck deine hende also kreutzweiß wider ubersich / unnd schlag mit einer zwirch wider von Unden zu seinem lincken Ohr / also auch herwiderumb Hauw die zwirch von Unden zu seiner Lincken mit einem zutrit / zuck behendt neben deiner Rechten ubersich / unnd stoß in solchem auffzucken dein Knopff under dein rechten Arm durch / und schnell also mit geschrenckten henden wider von deiner Rechten Oben hinein zu seiner Lincken / auff diese weise schlag es auch mit der flech Unden und Oben auff einer seiten zusamen / das gehet zu beiden seiten / und merck wann du zur Rechten undern Blöß schlechst / es sey flech / lang oder kurtz / so kommen dein hend kreutzweiß / aber wann du '''[XXXr]''' zu seiner Rechten obern Blösse schlechst / so kommen deine hende nicht alwegen kreutzweiß / hievon merck auff folgend Exempel.
Line 1,368: Line 1,426:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.
+
| class="noline" | Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.
| Also verstehstu nun das das dritte stuck im Fechten davon oben gemelt nichts anders ist / dann [XXXv] ein rechte Practick / der zwey ersten Hauptstuck im Fechten / durch welche Practick gelehrt wirt / wie du solche nach zufelliger gelegenheit / nemlich im ersten Hauptstuck die Leger unnd Häuw verwandlen / ablauffen durchwechseln verfliegen unnd fehlen lasset / damit dem versetzer unnd abtrager solche Häuw entführet werden / desgleichen im andern Hauptstuck des versetzens / lert dich die Practick wie du jm deine versatzung entzuckest / jhm nachreisest / schnidest / truckest etc. Damit du jhn auch umb seine häuw das er die vergebens / oder auff das wenigest zu seinem fürgenomen ziel nicht volführe noch ende. Und ist das die summa aller Practick / nemlich das du erstlich deinen gegen gegenfechter durch die Leger / mit dem hauwen manliche unnd ohn schaden / zu seinem nachtheil / mit was listigkeit unnd behender verführung das geschehen kann / angreiffest / unnd nach dem du jhn als dann angriffen / jhne ferner mit obligender oder gleicher handtarbeit jhn also trengest / auff das du demnach zum dritten sicher nach deinem gefallen eintweders abziehest / oder wo er dir weichen müste / du jhm fürsichtig nach folgest / wie ferner aber solche Practick sich erstrecke und auff wie vilerley arth dieselbigen beide in den namen und im Fechten gebraucht werden / findestu hievor im Capitel von der handtarbeit weitleuffiger beschriben / will derwegen nun fürter das Fechten aus den Legern zu beschreiben furt fahren.
+
| class="noline" | Also verstehstu nun das das dritte stuck im Fechten davon oben gemelt nichts anders ist / dann [XXXv] ein rechte Practick / der zwey ersten Hauptstuck im Fechten / durch welche Practick gelehrt wirt / wie du solche nach zufelliger gelegenheit / nemlich im ersten Hauptstuck die Leger unnd Häuw verwandlen / ablauffen durchwechseln verfliegen unnd fehlen lasset / damit dem versetzer unnd abtrager solche Häuw entführet werden / desgleichen im andern Hauptstuck des versetzens / lert dich die Practick wie du jm deine versatzung entzuckest / jhm nachreisest / schnidest / truckest etc. Damit du jhn auch umb seine häuw das er die vergebens / oder auff das wenigest zu seinem fürgenomen ziel nicht volführe noch ende. Und ist das die summa aller Practick / nemlich das du erstlich deinen gegen gegenfechter durch die Leger / mit dem hauwen manliche unnd ohn schaden / zu seinem nachtheil / mit was listigkeit unnd behender verführung das geschehen kann / angreiffest / unnd nach dem du jhn als dann angriffen / jhne ferner mit obligender oder gleicher handtarbeit jhn also trengest / auff das du demnach zum dritten sicher nach deinem gefallen eintweders abziehest / oder wo er dir weichen müste / du jhm fürsichtig nach folgest / wie ferner aber solche Practick sich erstrecke und auff wie vilerley arth dieselbigen beide in den namen und im Fechten gebraucht werden / findestu hievor im Capitel von der handtarbeit weitleuffiger beschriben / will derwegen nun fürter das Fechten aus den Legern zu beschreiben furt fahren.
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 1,377: Line 1,435:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 11 - Fencing from the Stances
 
  | title = 11 - Fencing from the Stances
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the 1570)}}<br/>by [[Mike Rasmusson]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
Line 1,414: Line 1,472:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''The Fourth Part'''
 
| '''The Fourth Part'''
 
Mark in Pre-Fencing when you have come to hold your sword high above in the guard of the Roof to beware that he not then rush to strike, so that you can stay in the Before, cross your hands over your head, (the right over the left) so that it appears as if you would stab to his face, step under this toward him with your right foot and twitch your sword then to your left over your head and strike him thus with the short edge through a crafty traverse from your right to his left ear, twitch nimbly back off again and drive against his lower right opening with a long traverse, let it not stay but twitch above you again in the same flight and let the third flow off deep to his left ear with the short edge, and slash the short edge again with crossed hands into to his right ear, as soon as this hits, step back with the left foot and strike with the long edge from below to his left arm to be as shown by the figure fighting against the right in the left background of illustration G above, mark here when you step off in this Understrike if he would strike to your lower left opening, then step to him with your left foot and fall with crossed hands and the short edge onto his sword, strike him thus an Understrike as shown in the other figure fighting against the right in the just considered picture. Now mark further just as he then pulls his sword over himself again, then pull your sword with crossed hands full to your left and, just as he slashes again, take his oncoming strike from your left against his right with your outward flat, high traverse out strongly so that your sword flies overhead in full flight and your hands cross over each other in the air while your sword flies, then step full against his right, but still keep your hands high and let the half edge flow off in a twitch near his right ear (as this hits or grazes), and just then strike long with an off step. I have described this part in particular as still many good moves can be taken and be fought from here, therefore you should learn not just this alone, but think forward with diligence. Thus I will describe yet another part with a different start.
 
Mark in Pre-Fencing when you have come to hold your sword high above in the guard of the Roof to beware that he not then rush to strike, so that you can stay in the Before, cross your hands over your head, (the right over the left) so that it appears as if you would stab to his face, step under this toward him with your right foot and twitch your sword then to your left over your head and strike him thus with the short edge through a crafty traverse from your right to his left ear, twitch nimbly back off again and drive against his lower right opening with a long traverse, let it not stay but twitch above you again in the same flight and let the third flow off deep to his left ear with the short edge, and slash the short edge again with crossed hands into to his right ear, as soon as this hits, step back with the left foot and strike with the long edge from below to his left arm to be as shown by the figure fighting against the right in the left background of illustration G above, mark here when you step off in this Understrike if he would strike to your lower left opening, then step to him with your left foot and fall with crossed hands and the short edge onto his sword, strike him thus an Understrike as shown in the other figure fighting against the right in the just considered picture. Now mark further just as he then pulls his sword over himself again, then pull your sword with crossed hands full to your left and, just as he slashes again, take his oncoming strike from your left against his right with your outward flat, high traverse out strongly so that your sword flies overhead in full flight and your hands cross over each other in the air while your sword flies, then step full against his right, but still keep your hands high and let the half edge flow off in a twitch near his right ear (as this hits or grazes), and just then strike long with an off step. I have described this part in particular as still many good moves can be taken and be fought from here, therefore you should learn not just this alone, but think forward with diligence. Thus I will describe yet another part with a different start.
Line 1,440: Line 1,498:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword E.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Wrath Guard'''
 
| '''Wrath Guard'''
 
When at the onset you come into the Wrath Guard, then step as soon as you can reach him and strike a quick Wrath Strike, which he must defend from, to his left ear. Nimbly follow the strike over with an Under Strike against his lower right opening, thus you have now attacked. Under this as and when he is reached for work and the arms show he will strike, then fall low with your sword onto his arm and behind his charge so that he can not come to work, as he will then not be able to rightly defend from this, then thrust to him with an incomplete shove from yourself, that he likewise shows that he would fall, and meanwhile slash to the next opening that you know you have, but if he reaches this and strikes you off, then be there again with the cut or displacement, and fall against his strike on the blade, if he goes off the blade again, then cut him on the arm again, but if he stays on your sword then thrust his sword aside with your hilt and nimbly let your sword fly again to the next opening and swing to him after your need. Thus now you shall fight with all elements of the sword to the body, and from the body to the sword, but where he would twitch or flow off from you, then always use the cut for help, and where you can’t cut, then there can be no useful fencing, but where you can do it rightly, then swing to him as you will. He who can break the cut himself, you will find less, but he who cannot rightly lead the cut will soon be broken.
 
When at the onset you come into the Wrath Guard, then step as soon as you can reach him and strike a quick Wrath Strike, which he must defend from, to his left ear. Nimbly follow the strike over with an Under Strike against his lower right opening, thus you have now attacked. Under this as and when he is reached for work and the arms show he will strike, then fall low with your sword onto his arm and behind his charge so that he can not come to work, as he will then not be able to rightly defend from this, then thrust to him with an incomplete shove from yourself, that he likewise shows that he would fall, and meanwhile slash to the next opening that you know you have, but if he reaches this and strikes you off, then be there again with the cut or displacement, and fall against his strike on the blade, if he goes off the blade again, then cut him on the arm again, but if he stays on your sword then thrust his sword aside with your hilt and nimbly let your sword fly again to the next opening and swing to him after your need. Thus now you shall fight with all elements of the sword to the body, and from the body to the sword, but where he would twitch or flow off from you, then always use the cut for help, and where you can’t cut, then there can be no useful fencing, but where you can do it rightly, then swing to him as you will. He who can break the cut himself, you will find less, but he who cannot rightly lead the cut will soon be broken.
Line 1,447: Line 1,505:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| rowspan="2" | If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.
 
| rowspan="2" | If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.
 
| rowspan="2" | Stehestu im rechten Zornleger / und hauwet dein widerpart von seiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken auff dich zu / so fahr mit verschieben under sein kling uber dein Haupt / und fang sein Hauw auff dein flech / das dein Daumen unden standt / unnd die kling neben deiner Lincken etwas gegen der erden undersich hang / mit einem zutrit deines Rechten fuß / in dem es aber glützt / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß auff sein rechte seiten / unnd windt jhm die kurtze schneid under sein Schwerdt einwerts zum Kopff / wie die kleinen mitlern bossen in der Figur L. anzeigen wenn du nun gewunden / so behalt dein Schwerdt mit kurtzer an dem seinen / und reiß folgents mit dem Schwert gegen deiner Rechten ubersich auß / wie dich solches die mitlern kleinen Bidler in der Figur F. lehren / also das '''[XXXVr]''' sich dein hend noch ende des risses in der lufft verschrecken / schlag jn (doch das dein hendt in der höh bleiben) mit inwendiger flech / zu seiner rechten undern Blös / als bald er jhm aber nachwischet zur versatzung / so laß nit rühren / sonder zuck wider ubersich / und hauw ein glützhauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / in solchem streich aber laß die kling uber dein hand dieff ein schwingen / und ficht dich also mit geschwindigkeit von jhm wegk.
 
| rowspan="2" | Stehestu im rechten Zornleger / und hauwet dein widerpart von seiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken auff dich zu / so fahr mit verschieben under sein kling uber dein Haupt / und fang sein Hauw auff dein flech / das dein Daumen unden standt / unnd die kling neben deiner Lincken etwas gegen der erden undersich hang / mit einem zutrit deines Rechten fuß / in dem es aber glützt / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß auff sein rechte seiten / unnd windt jhm die kurtze schneid under sein Schwerdt einwerts zum Kopff / wie die kleinen mitlern bossen in der Figur L. anzeigen wenn du nun gewunden / so behalt dein Schwerdt mit kurtzer an dem seinen / und reiß folgents mit dem Schwert gegen deiner Rechten ubersich auß / wie dich solches die mitlern kleinen Bidler in der Figur F. lehren / also das '''[XXXVr]''' sich dein hend noch ende des risses in der lufft verschrecken / schlag jn (doch das dein hendt in der höh bleiben) mit inwendiger flech / zu seiner rechten undern Blös / als bald er jhm aber nachwischet zur versatzung / so laß nit rühren / sonder zuck wider ubersich / und hauw ein glützhauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / in solchem streich aber laß die kling uber dein hand dieff ein schwingen / und ficht dich also mit geschwindigkeit von jhm wegk.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword A.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| If your counterpart strikes to you from above, then step and strike to him from your right with a high traversing Middle Strike, thus also through and away from his long edge strike in flight so that your blade flies over with the half edge against his left ear but, as soon as you near it, flow off and twitch over your head from your right to your left, step and slash him with an inverted flat from your left to his right ear, high traversing through the middle line shown on the larger figure on the right of illustration A.
 
| If your counterpart strikes to you from above, then step and strike to him from your right with a high traversing Middle Strike, thus also through and away from his long edge strike in flight so that your blade flies over with the half edge against his left ear but, as soon as you near it, flow off and twitch over your head from your right to your left, step and slash him with an inverted flat from your left to his right ear, high traversing through the middle line shown on the larger figure on the right of illustration A.
 
| Hauwet dein gegentheil von Oben auff dich / so trit und hauw jhm von deiner Rechten / mit einem uberzwerchen Mittelhauw seinen herfliegenden streich mit langer schneid von dir wegk auch durch / das dir dein klinge wider umbfliege mit halber schneide gegen seinem lincken Ohr / neben demselbigen las abermals ablauffen / unnd zuck als bald von deiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken wider umb dein Haupt / trit unnd schlag jhm mit ebicher letzer flech von deiner Lincken zu seinem Rechten ohr / uberzwerch durch die Mittellinien / wie solche an dem grossern Bidld in der Figur A. zur rechten Handt zu sehen.
 
| Hauwet dein gegentheil von Oben auff dich / so trit und hauw jhm von deiner Rechten / mit einem uberzwerchen Mittelhauw seinen herfliegenden streich mit langer schneid von dir wegk auch durch / das dir dein klinge wider umbfliege mit halber schneide gegen seinem lincken Ohr / neben demselbigen las abermals ablauffen / unnd zuck als bald von deiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken wider umb dein Haupt / trit unnd schlag jhm mit ebicher letzer flech von deiner Lincken zu seinem Rechten ohr / uberzwerch durch die Mittellinien / wie solche an dem grossern Bidld in der Figur A. zur rechten Handt zu sehen.
Line 1,484: Line 1,542:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword Cuts.jpg|center]]
 
| '''With the Ox'''
 
| '''With the Ox'''
 
I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.
 
I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.
Line 1,500: Line 1,558:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| In the pre-fencing when you have come into the guard of the Ox through a plunge, then strike (as soon as you can reach him) a serious and forceful Wrath Strike from your right to his left ear with a long right foot step, as soon as the strike touches or hits, then almost twitch off again and strike over against his left arm, also with the long edge, but with this strike step with your left foot to his right and take your head out to the side behind your blade, just then he may be ready either to strike or otherwise with his sword stretched out ahead to displace, so at first let your blade hang behind you from your right arm, and meanwhile twitch your grip over your head to your right and take his blade (he is stretched out from striking or displacing) with your long edge or flat and strongly and forcefully high traverse out from your right to his left so that you break out fully with your blade, and in this outward stride let your blade fly above again in a traverse over your head against his left ear, from there twitch your sword over your head again and strike a strong strike swinging in to his right ear with the flat outward, in a flat strike as shown by the larger figure on the right hand side of illustration K, also mark diligently that you step fully out with the left foot to his right side in this strike, from this flatstrike or Bounce Strike twitch your sword high over your head, keeping your hands high, and let the blade fly over with the long edge to his right arm, and yet don’t impact, but traverse nimbly to his left ear while stepping back with the right foot, and sign off. This play, when you have arranged it thus, gives you thus the cut held (as taught above) in reserve, with which you can make more room, either in fencing the full play, or onward in taking another part.
 
| In the pre-fencing when you have come into the guard of the Ox through a plunge, then strike (as soon as you can reach him) a serious and forceful Wrath Strike from your right to his left ear with a long right foot step, as soon as the strike touches or hits, then almost twitch off again and strike over against his left arm, also with the long edge, but with this strike step with your left foot to his right and take your head out to the side behind your blade, just then he may be ready either to strike or otherwise with his sword stretched out ahead to displace, so at first let your blade hang behind you from your right arm, and meanwhile twitch your grip over your head to your right and take his blade (he is stretched out from striking or displacing) with your long edge or flat and strongly and forcefully high traverse out from your right to his left so that you break out fully with your blade, and in this outward stride let your blade fly above again in a traverse over your head against his left ear, from there twitch your sword over your head again and strike a strong strike swinging in to his right ear with the flat outward, in a flat strike as shown by the larger figure on the right hand side of illustration K, also mark diligently that you step fully out with the left foot to his right side in this strike, from this flatstrike or Bounce Strike twitch your sword high over your head, keeping your hands high, and let the blade fly over with the long edge to his right arm, and yet don’t impact, but traverse nimbly to his left ear while stepping back with the right foot, and sign off. This play, when you have arranged it thus, gives you thus the cut held (as taught above) in reserve, with which you can make more room, either in fencing the full play, or onward in taking another part.
 
| Wann du im zufechten durch den Sturtz in die Hut des Ochsens kommest / so hauwe (als bald du jhn erlangen kanst) einen gewaltigen Zornhauw von deiner Rechten schlims gegen seinem Lincken ohr / mit einem weiten zutrit deines Rechten fußes / als bald der Hauw immer rühret oder trifft / so bald zucke wider umb und hauwe dar'''[XXXVIv]'''gegen uber zu seinem lincken Arm / auch mit Langer schneide / zu solchem Hauw aber trit wol mit deinem Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / und nim dein Kopff wol mit beiseits aus / hinder dein klingen / in dem wirt er villeicht fertig sein / eintweders zuhauwen oder sonst sein Schwerdt fürsich ausstrecken zu versetzen / Derhalben so laß dein klingen von seinem rechten Arm hinder dir abhangen / und zucke dieweil gleichwol dein Heft umb dein Kopff gegen deiner Rechten / und nime jhm sein klingen (er führe die im herhauwen / oder zu versatzung ausgestreckt) mit deiner Langen schneide oder flech / gewaltig und starck von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken uberzwerch aus / also das du mit deiner klingen gantz durch brechest / unnd laß also dein klingen in solchem außnehmenden lauff / in einem flug mit einer Zwirch wider Oben umb deinen Kopff gegen seinem lincken ohr fliegen / von dannen zuck dein Schwerdt wider umb dein Kopff / und hauwe mit außwendiger fleche / einen starcken eingeschwungenen streich / außwendig zu seinem rechten ohr / Wie du solchen flechstreich an dem grossern Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K. fürgemalt sihest / auch merck fleissig das du mit dem lincken Fuß in solchem streich wol auß / auff sein rechte seiten trettest / von solchen flechstreich oder Brellhauw zucke dein Schwerdt hoch über dein Kopff / behalt also die hendt in solcher höhe / und laß die klingen umbfliegen mit Langer schneid zu seinem rechten Arm / und doch nicht rühren / sonder Zwirch behendt mit einem abtrit deines rechten Fuß / gegen seinem lincken Ohr / und zeich ab. Dises stuck wann es dir schon gesteckt würde / so hast du doch (wie oben gelehrt) den Schnit im vorraht / mit welchem du dir wider blatz machen kanst / eintweder das stuck vollen auß zufechten / oder ein ander stuck für zu nehmen.
 
| Wann du im zufechten durch den Sturtz in die Hut des Ochsens kommest / so hauwe (als bald du jhn erlangen kanst) einen gewaltigen Zornhauw von deiner Rechten schlims gegen seinem Lincken ohr / mit einem weiten zutrit deines Rechten fußes / als bald der Hauw immer rühret oder trifft / so bald zucke wider umb und hauwe dar'''[XXXVIv]'''gegen uber zu seinem lincken Arm / auch mit Langer schneide / zu solchem Hauw aber trit wol mit deinem Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / und nim dein Kopff wol mit beiseits aus / hinder dein klingen / in dem wirt er villeicht fertig sein / eintweders zuhauwen oder sonst sein Schwerdt fürsich ausstrecken zu versetzen / Derhalben so laß dein klingen von seinem rechten Arm hinder dir abhangen / und zucke dieweil gleichwol dein Heft umb dein Kopff gegen deiner Rechten / und nime jhm sein klingen (er führe die im herhauwen / oder zu versatzung ausgestreckt) mit deiner Langen schneide oder flech / gewaltig und starck von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken uberzwerch aus / also das du mit deiner klingen gantz durch brechest / unnd laß also dein klingen in solchem außnehmenden lauff / in einem flug mit einer Zwirch wider Oben umb deinen Kopff gegen seinem lincken ohr fliegen / von dannen zuck dein Schwerdt wider umb dein Kopff / und hauwe mit außwendiger fleche / einen starcken eingeschwungenen streich / außwendig zu seinem rechten ohr / Wie du solchen flechstreich an dem grossern Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K. fürgemalt sihest / auch merck fleissig das du mit dem lincken Fuß in solchem streich wol auß / auff sein rechte seiten trettest / von solchen flechstreich oder Brellhauw zucke dein Schwerdt hoch über dein Kopff / behalt also die hendt in solcher höhe / und laß die klingen umbfliegen mit Langer schneid zu seinem rechten Arm / und doch nicht rühren / sonder Zwirch behendt mit einem abtrit deines rechten Fuß / gegen seinem lincken Ohr / und zeich ab. Dises stuck wann es dir schon gesteckt würde / so hast du doch (wie oben gelehrt) den Schnit im vorraht / mit welchem du dir wider blatz machen kanst / eintweder das stuck vollen auß zufechten / oder ein ander stuck für zu nehmen.
Line 1,515: Line 1,573:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword C.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Unicorn'''
 
| '''Unicorn'''
 
Note, come into the pre-fencing with your left foot forward and strike upward from your right with the short edge, one time, twice, through in front of your face, and the third time stay in the long point with your sword thus stretched out in front of you, turn the long edge above you toward your right so that your pommel goes through under your right arm and your hands cross over one another, drive thus upward with crossed hands, thus you stand in the Unicorn, as was told of before, from then strike ahead (seeing that your left foot stays forward) with two consecutive upstrikes, the first from your right, the other from your left, both hard upward near his body so that in the second upstrike your hands cross over again as before. Drive thus nimbly upward flying off again into the Unicorn, raise your left foot somewhat up, then soon set it quickly down again, with such faking and displays you pull him in so that he then strikes to your left opening, yet just as he strikes then let your blade sink down in front of you, and then twitch your sword over your head, strike thus with the long edge high traversing from your right (with an advancing step of the same foot) against his oncoming strike, such that you catch his strike in the high traverse on the strong of your sword, as soon as the swords glide together, then burst with your right foot still forward against his left side, and raise your sword above you rushing a bit from his blade. Yet while you (as was told) drive a bit above you, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm so that your hands become crossed, quickly and nimbly with an inward flat oe short edge (with the next intended step out to his left) behind his sword to his head, as the small figures on the left side of illustration C show, you thus expose your left opening, he will rush to do the same, thus do no more then pull your pommel out from under your right arm again, and wind your sword into the long point so that your long edge turns to stand against his blade, thus you stand in direct displacement, as is shown by the other smaller figures in the same illustration,  
 
Note, come into the pre-fencing with your left foot forward and strike upward from your right with the short edge, one time, twice, through in front of your face, and the third time stay in the long point with your sword thus stretched out in front of you, turn the long edge above you toward your right so that your pommel goes through under your right arm and your hands cross over one another, drive thus upward with crossed hands, thus you stand in the Unicorn, as was told of before, from then strike ahead (seeing that your left foot stays forward) with two consecutive upstrikes, the first from your right, the other from your left, both hard upward near his body so that in the second upstrike your hands cross over again as before. Drive thus nimbly upward flying off again into the Unicorn, raise your left foot somewhat up, then soon set it quickly down again, with such faking and displays you pull him in so that he then strikes to your left opening, yet just as he strikes then let your blade sink down in front of you, and then twitch your sword over your head, strike thus with the long edge high traversing from your right (with an advancing step of the same foot) against his oncoming strike, such that you catch his strike in the high traverse on the strong of your sword, as soon as the swords glide together, then burst with your right foot still forward against his left side, and raise your sword above you rushing a bit from his blade. Yet while you (as was told) drive a bit above you, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm so that your hands become crossed, quickly and nimbly with an inward flat oe short edge (with the next intended step out to his left) behind his sword to his head, as the small figures on the left side of illustration C show, you thus expose your left opening, he will rush to do the same, thus do no more then pull your pommel out from under your right arm again, and wind your sword into the long point so that your long edge turns to stand against his blade, thus you stand in direct displacement, as is shown by the other smaller figures in the same illustration,  
Line 1,522: Line 1,580:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| or when you have crossed the half edge inward toward his head with crossed hands, so that you have given an opening on your left side, if he rushes (as described before) to fence the same way, then keep your hands crossed, pull your head full to the right, and shoot to him with your blade fully over his, the closer to his hilt the better, thus wrench his blade out to your left, as is shown by the small figures on the right hand side of illustration D, and, when this wrench out comes near your left side, drive out with your hands and slash over them with the hald edge deep to his left ear, after which you come nimbly with your long edge onto his sword after pulling out at your pleasure.
 
| or when you have crossed the half edge inward toward his head with crossed hands, so that you have given an opening on your left side, if he rushes (as described before) to fence the same way, then keep your hands crossed, pull your head full to the right, and shoot to him with your blade fully over his, the closer to his hilt the better, thus wrench his blade out to your left, as is shown by the small figures on the right hand side of illustration D, and, when this wrench out comes near your left side, drive out with your hands and slash over them with the hald edge deep to his left ear, after which you come nimbly with your long edge onto his sword after pulling out at your pleasure.
 
| oder wann du jhn also mit geschrenckten henden die halb schneide einwerts gegen seinem Kopff geschrenckt hast / damit du dann dein lincke seiten bloß geben / ficht er dann (wie vor gemelt) derselbigen eilents zu / so behalt deine hendt also kreutzweis / und entziehe jhm dein Kopff wol gegen deiner Rechten / und schiesse jhm mit deiner klingen wol uber die seine / jhe neher bey seinem Schilt jhe '''[XXXVIIIr]''' besser / reisse jhm also sein klingen gegen deiner Lincken auß / wie du in der Figur so mit dem D. verzeichnet / in den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand sihest / und wann du mit solchem ausreissen nahet zu deiner Lincken kommest / so fahr mit den henden auff und schlag mit halber schneide uber dein hand / wider zu seinem lincken ohr dieff hinein / nach solchem komme jhm behend mit Langer schneid wider an sein Schwerdt / so stehestu im Langen ort demnach ziehe ab nach deinem gefallen.  
 
| oder wann du jhn also mit geschrenckten henden die halb schneide einwerts gegen seinem Kopff geschrenckt hast / damit du dann dein lincke seiten bloß geben / ficht er dann (wie vor gemelt) derselbigen eilents zu / so behalt deine hendt also kreutzweis / und entziehe jhm dein Kopff wol gegen deiner Rechten / und schiesse jhm mit deiner klingen wol uber die seine / jhe neher bey seinem Schilt jhe '''[XXXVIIIr]''' besser / reisse jhm also sein klingen gegen deiner Lincken auß / wie du in der Figur so mit dem D. verzeichnet / in den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand sihest / und wann du mit solchem ausreissen nahet zu deiner Lincken kommest / so fahr mit den henden auff und schlag mit halber schneide uber dein hand / wider zu seinem lincken ohr dieff hinein / nach solchem komme jhm behend mit Langer schneid wider an sein Schwerdt / so stehestu im Langen ort demnach ziehe ab nach deinem gefallen.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| Or when you thus come to be in the Unicorn in front of your opponent, then mark Just As he strikes from above to let your blade drive over your head and bind on his sword from your right high traversing to your left and, as soon as he goes off above from this, then let your blade snap over again so that your right hand comes over your left and fall forward to his arms with the short edge and crossed hands while he is still driving off, as is shown by the outermost figures on the right hand of illustration I, then thrust away forcefully out from your left side with your hilt and strike nimbly when he shows his next opening, or follow after him until you can have your advantage.
 
| Or when you thus come to be in the Unicorn in front of your opponent, then mark Just As he strikes from above to let your blade drive over your head and bind on his sword from your right high traversing to your left and, as soon as he goes off above from this, then let your blade snap over again so that your right hand comes over your left and fall forward to his arms with the short edge and crossed hands while he is still driving off, as is shown by the outermost figures on the right hand of illustration I, then thrust away forcefully out from your left side with your hilt and strike nimbly when he shows his next opening, or follow after him until you can have your advantage.
 
| Oder wann du also vor deinem gegenman in das Einhorn komen bist / so merck in dem er herhauwet von Oben / so laß deine klingen umb deinen Kopff verfahren / und bind jhm von deiner Rechten uberzwerch gegen seiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / und als bald er von dem selbigen ubersich abgeht / so laß dein klingen wider umb schnappen / also das dein Rechte hand uber die Lincke komme / und fall jhm mit kurtzer schneid und geschrenckten henden dieweil er noch also im auffahren ist / vornen für die Arm / wie an dem eussersten kleinen Bild in der Figur mit dem I. verzeichnet gegen der Rechten hand sehen kanst / stoß in also mit deinem Schilt gewaltig von dir gegen deiner Lincken zur seiten aus / und hauwe behend dieweil er dummelt der nechsten Blöß zu / oder hal jn also mit nach folgen auff / biß du deinen vortheil haben kanst.
 
| Oder wann du also vor deinem gegenman in das Einhorn komen bist / so merck in dem er herhauwet von Oben / so laß deine klingen umb deinen Kopff verfahren / und bind jhm von deiner Rechten uberzwerch gegen seiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / und als bald er von dem selbigen ubersich abgeht / so laß dein klingen wider umb schnappen / also das dein Rechte hand uber die Lincke komme / und fall jhm mit kurtzer schneid und geschrenckten henden dieweil er noch also im auffahren ist / vornen für die Arm / wie an dem eussersten kleinen Bild in der Figur mit dem I. verzeichnet gegen der Rechten hand sehen kanst / stoß in also mit deinem Schilt gewaltig von dir gegen deiner Lincken zur seiten aus / und hauwe behend dieweil er dummelt der nechsten Blöß zu / oder hal jn also mit nach folgen auff / biß du deinen vortheil haben kanst.
Line 1,554: Line 1,612:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Hanging Point'''
 
| '''Hanging Point'''
 
In the pre-fencing strike forcefully from your left above you through toward his face in a sweep, once, twice, and the third time don’t let your sword swing out before your face but twist it into the Hanging Point, as shown on the right hand side of figure F and as taught before, and do this a number of times until you see your opportunity to attack with an element, but if your opponent strikes to you during this (while you stand thus in the Hanging Point) from above, or high traverse, or from below to your fingers, or against your head on the left, then step soon out to your left with the left foot behind the right, and twitch at the same time as he strikes, your sword thus hangs from above you against your right shoulder, from here step and strike at the same time as him left to his head, pull the pommel hard to your inward arm in this strike onto the flat, then swing your blade on forcefully to his head. hold your pommel thus hard on your arm and wrench thus out above you with outstretched blade to your left, let this wrench thus fly over your head and traverse strike strong to his left.
 
In the pre-fencing strike forcefully from your left above you through toward his face in a sweep, once, twice, and the third time don’t let your sword swing out before your face but twist it into the Hanging Point, as shown on the right hand side of figure F and as taught before, and do this a number of times until you see your opportunity to attack with an element, but if your opponent strikes to you during this (while you stand thus in the Hanging Point) from above, or high traverse, or from below to your fingers, or against your head on the left, then step soon out to your left with the left foot behind the right, and twitch at the same time as he strikes, your sword thus hangs from above you against your right shoulder, from here step and strike at the same time as him left to his head, pull the pommel hard to your inward arm in this strike onto the flat, then swing your blade on forcefully to his head. hold your pommel thus hard on your arm and wrench thus out above you with outstretched blade to your left, let this wrench thus fly over your head and traverse strike strong to his left.
Line 1,586: Line 1,644:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Middle Guard'''
+
| <p>'''Middle Guard'''</p>
You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.
+
 
| '''[XLv] Mittelhut.'''
+
<p>You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.</p>
VOn diser Mittelhut wirstu hernach im Dusacken bericht / derwegen wie du sie daselbs zu einer hand / also solt du sie hie zu beiden henden anschicken / Dann ob ich wol anfangs nit gesint wahr solche hie zu setzen / hab ich sie doch (dieweil auß keiner andern Hut die Rosen füglicher gelehrt kann werden) nicht umbgehn können / und merck wann dir einer fürkompt / der sein Schwerdt vor jhm außgestreckt im Langen ort oder sonst in gerader versatzung führet / so fahr mit deiner klingen in einem Zürckel herumb / auß der Mittelhut umb die seinen kantz herumb / also das du mit deiner klingen gar nahet wider zu der ersten Mittelhut ankomest / von dannen schwinge jhm die schwech gewaltiglich aussen uber seinen Armen zum Kopff / oder so er dir (in dem du also durch die Rosen umb seine klingen fahren wurdest) dieweil von Oben nider zur Blös einfallen wurde / so nime jhm sein kling mit halber schneide auß / nemlich wann du zum andern mal in die Mittelhut ankomen bist / dan so geschwindt wirt er dir der Blöß als unversehens nit zu eilen / du wirst in des mit der Rosen herumb komen / damit du zu gemeltem ausnemen noch zeit gnug komest / nach dem du jhm aber also aus genomen / so laß in der lufft ober deinem Kopff (jhn damit zu verführen) umblauffen in einer rinde durch ein Zürckel / der nechsten Blös zu.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/101|1|lbl=1.40va}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:
+
| <p>Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:</p>
| Oder so du im zufechten dich in die Mittelhut zu deiner Lincken verhauwen hast / unnd er dein gegen theil hauwet dir under des zu von Oben / so trit wol aus seinem hauw gegen seiner Rechten seiten / und wirffe jhm dein kurtze schneid oberhalb oder ausserhalb seinem Rechten arm zum Kopff / und laß dein klingen in solchem einwurff wol einschiessen / eintweders zu seinem Kopff oder uber seine beide Arm / demnoch zuck dein Schwerdt behendiglich wider ubersich / und hauwe jhm von deiner Lincken mit Langer schneid starck ubersich / gegen seinem rechten arm / von dannen ficht jhm fürbaß zu auß Vor und Nachgehenden stucken / nach deinem gefallen / und dieweil im Langen ort auch füglich die Rosen gefochten werden kann / will ich die uberigen stuck die ich zu setzen willens / im Langen ort vollens beschreiben / also.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/101|2|lbl=1.40vb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[XLIrv] Langort.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|1|lbl=1.41ra}}
LAngort ist bey den Alten eigentlich das Brechfenster genant worden / darumb das alle andere stuck daraus gebrochen werden können / dieweil aber (was man bey einem gleichen aus disem Leger Fechten sol) gnugsam aus bisher gelehrten stucken abzunemen ist / will ich (dieweil das Langort ohne das das ende aller Bandt ist) etwas von demselbigen durch Exempel anzeigen.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Im zufechten so binde deinem gegenman durch den Oberhauw an sein Schwerdt / unnd merck als bald er von deinem Schwerdt wider ubersich fehrt so hauwe ihm in dem er mit seinen Armen im aufffahren ist / von Unden zwischen sein beiden Armen zum kiinn / von disem stuck besihe die zwey obern kleinern Bilder / zur Lincken hand in der Figur so mit dem Buchstaben I. gezeichnet.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|2|lbl=1.41rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item bind jhm an wie vor / unnd als bald die Schwerdter im Band zusamen rühren / so brich mit er Rosen zwischen dir und jhm unden durch / unnd wirff jhm die kurtz schneid auff der andern seiten hinein zum Kopff / oder nach dem du vom Band mit der Rosen unden durch gebrochen hast / so reiss von der andern seiten mit der kurtzen schneid sein Schwerdt beseits aus / also das sich deine hend in der lufft uber einander schrencken / schlage jhm mit kurtzer schneid dieff uber zum Kopff.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|3|lbl=1.41rc}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item bind jhme gegen seinem herfliegen hauw ahn / und so bald die klingen zusamen rühren / so stoß dein knopf under deinem rechten Arm durch (auch trit under des wol gegen seiner Lincken seiten aus) unnd fahr also mit geschrenckten henden ubersich / und hauwe jhm mit Langer schneid durch die Rosen von unden beseitz hinder seinem Arm zum Kopff.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|4|lbl=1.41rd}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Item / merck in dem du dem Mann anbindest / so laß die Lincke hand vom Knopff / unnd begreiff damit sein kling im Bandt zu der deinen / und das behend / demnach fahr mit deiner Rechten hand sampt dem Hefft / unden durch und schlag also gegen deiner Rechten ubersich / wie du solches an den zweyen kleynern bossen zur Rechten hand in der Figur H. sehen kanst / so nimstu jhm das Schwerdt.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/102|5|lbl=1.41re}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[XLIIr]''' Item bindet dir einer mit ausgestrecktem Schwerdt an das deine / so merck in dem die Band zusamen rühren / so Wechseln behendiglich unden durch / und schnel jm die schwech flechlingen von der ander seiten zu seinem ohr / aus disem durchwechseln wirstu vil schöner stuck machen lernen / so du jhm fleissig nachtrachtest.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|1|lbl=1.42ra}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Item so du merckest das einer auff dich binden oder hauwen will / so führe dein Schwerdt gegen jhm her / als wwolltestdu auch anbinden / und merck aber in dem die klingen eben jetzt zusamen rühren sollen / so stoß behend dein knopff ubersich / und wende die klingen durch die Rosen von unden auff / und fang jhm sein Hauw also auff dein Lange schneid / wie solches das kleiner Bilde in der Figur N. gegen der Rechten hand anzeiget / nach dem du jhm also sein Hauw (wie gemelt) entpfangen hast / kanstu das selbige stuck auff zwen weg vollenden / Erstlich also / in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gerühret hand / so fahre vollen Unden mit deiner klingen durch / unnd reisse jhm die seine gegen deiner Rechten auß / und laß die hend abermal in der lufft umbschnappen oder kreutzweis ubereinander schrencken / und hauwe jhm also mit kurtzer schneide starck zum Kopff / Dis ist ein Meisterlicher durchgang / der dir (so er anders von oben hauwet) nit fehlet / zum andern wann du jhm sein Schwerdt also entpfangen hast / so trit in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gliitzen wol auff sein Lincke seiten / und hauw wider mit Langer schneid von aussen uber seinem Lincken arm zum Kopff / Dieser letste Hauw gehet unversehens sehr geschwindt / sicher unnd starck an.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|2|lbl=1.42rb}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Wechsel.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|3|lbl=1.42rc}}
WIewol ohne not den Wechsel in sonderheit zu setzen / dieweil doch sonst alle stuck aus disem füglicher dann in keinem andern können gefochten werden / hab ich doch nicht underlassen wollen ein par stuck darinen zusetzen / auß welchen du auch etliche sondere geschwindigkeit vermercken kanst / also.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword F.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
| Findestu einen in gerader Versatzung / oder wie vor vom Langen ort gesagt / so streiche mit halber schneide aus dem rechten Wechsel starck ubersich durch / ein mal zwey / das dritte mal aber streiche under seinem Schwert durch / und trit mit deinem Rechten fuß zu jhm / und schlage jhn mit der fleche oder kurtzer schneide gewaltig und hoch ein / zu seinem Lincken ohr / wie dir solches das kleiner Bild zur Lincken in der Figur mit dem F. verzeichnet anzeiget / '''[XLIIv]''' damit zwingestu jhn das er gehlingen ubersich fehrt / als bald er solch es thut / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom knopff ab / und laß dein klingen gegen seiner Rechten von Unden auff in einer hand umb schnappen / und setze jhm den vordern ort an sein Brust / greiff in des dein knopff wider an / wie du solches an den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand mit dem F. hievor sehen kanst / stoß jhn also mit verkehrter hand von dir / laß als bald dein knopff wider ab / und dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff fahren / und hauwe lang mit angreiffung des knopffs nach / dergleichen stuck soltu gegen die welche gern einlauffen gebrauchen.
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/104|4|lbl=1.42rd|p=1}} '''[XLIIv]''' damit zwingestu jhn das er gehlingen ubersich fehrt / als bald er solch es thut / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom knopff ab / und laß dein klingen gegen seiner Rechten von Unden auff in einer hand umb schnappen / und setze jhm den vordern ort an sein Brust / greiff in des dein knopff wider an / wie du solches an den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand mit dem F. hievor sehen kanst / stoß jhn also mit verkehrter hand von dir / laß als bald dein knopff wider ab / und dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff fahren / und hauwe lang mit angreiffung des knopffs nach / dergleichen stuck soltu gegen die welche gern einlauffen gebrauchen.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,665: Line 1,722:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword M.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword M.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| Hauwet einer von Oben so hauwe demselbigen von deiner Lincken von Unden entgegen mit Langer schneide / und in dem er sein Schwerdt wider von dem deinen abnimpt / und also mit seinen Armen ubersich fehrt / so greiffe dieweil mit deinen fingern uber dein kreutz in die klingen / und fahr jhm mit deiner klingen uber beide arm / wie du solches an den zweyen under Bildern in hienach getruckter Figur sihest / seiss also auff dein Rechte seiten aus / wiltu so magst du jhn werffen also / Trit mit deinem Rechten hinder seinen Rechten / unnd faß jhn mit deiner kurtzen schneide bey seinem hals / unnd stosse in des deinen knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm / gegen deiner Rechten von dir / wirff jhn also gegen deiner Lincken uber dein recht bein an rucken.
 
| Hauwet einer von Oben so hauwe demselbigen von deiner Lincken von Unden entgegen mit Langer schneide / und in dem er sein Schwerdt wider von dem deinen abnimpt / und also mit seinen Armen ubersich fehrt / so greiffe dieweil mit deinen fingern uber dein kreutz in die klingen / und fahr jhm mit deiner klingen uber beide arm / wie du solches an den zweyen under Bildern in hienach getruckter Figur sihest / seiss also auff dein Rechte seiten aus / wiltu so magst du jhn werffen also / Trit mit deinem Rechten hinder seinen Rechten / unnd faß jhn mit deiner kurtzen schneide bey seinem hals / unnd stosse in des deinen knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm / gegen deiner Rechten von dir / wirff jhn also gegen deiner Lincken uber dein recht bein an rucken.
Line 1,678: Line 1,735:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| Also bistu nun bißher in disen ersten und andern theils disses Schwerdt fechtens / eigentlichen underrichtet worden / beide von des Manns und denn auch von des Schwerdts theilung / folgents vom zufechten / Mittelarbeiten und Abziehen / neben andern notwendigen stucken und lehren / sampt den Exempeln im andern theil so aus dem ersten gezogen / was ferner andere hie zu notwendige stuck belanget / wirstu im folgenden Buch vom Schwerdt fechten gnugsam bescheidt finden / sovil ich dißmal zuschreiben für hab.
+
| class="noline" | Also bistu nun bißher in disen ersten und andern theils disses Schwerdt fechtens / eigentlichen underrichtet worden / beide von des Manns und denn auch von des Schwerdts theilung / folgents vom zufechten / Mittelarbeiten und Abziehen / neben andern notwendigen stucken und lehren / sampt den Exempeln im andern theil so aus dem ersten gezogen / was ferner andere hie zu notwendige stuck belanget / wirstu im folgenden Buch vom Schwerdt fechten gnugsam bescheidt finden / sovil ich dißmal zuschreiben für hab.
  
 
|}
 
|}
 
{{master subsection end}}
 
{{master subsection end}}
  
<p style="width:100%;">The long sword material in the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund manuscript]] closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'', so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, when possible we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.</p>
+
<p style="width:100%;">The long sword material in the [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund manuscript]] closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's ''[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]]'', so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, in the future we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.</p>
  
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = Third Part/Lund
 
  | title = Third Part/Lund
  | width = 112em
+
  | width = 120em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B|Complete Translation (from the Lund)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
Line 1,811: Line 1,868:
 
Nach dem ich guthertziger Leser bewilliget / disen meinen Fecht zedel welchen ich auß rechtem grunde der Alten zusamen gesetzt / gebessert un in ein rechte ordnung gebracht / hab ich den (damit meniglich dester mehr nutz darauß haben möcht) durch vil schöner und geschwinder stuck und Exempel auch etwas zu erkleren / unnd den zu verstehn ein kleine anleitung geben wollen / dan sie dermassen reich von stucken / un aller hand geschwindigkeit / also das wo du sie nach solcher anleitung erwigest / jhe lenger ihe mehr stuck hierauß erlernen wirst können / dan das die Reimen ohn außlegung nicht vil nutzen / ist offenbar an andern außgangenen Fechtbüchlein / und solt aber wissen das der erste theil solcher Reimen in meinem bishergelehrten Fechten gnugsam erklärt / derwegen an disem meinen anhab nemen / also.  
 
Nach dem ich guthertziger Leser bewilliget / disen meinen Fecht zedel welchen ich auß rechtem grunde der Alten zusamen gesetzt / gebessert un in ein rechte ordnung gebracht / hab ich den (damit meniglich dester mehr nutz darauß haben möcht) durch vil schöner und geschwinder stuck und Exempel auch etwas zu erkleren / unnd den zu verstehn ein kleine anleitung geben wollen / dan sie dermassen reich von stucken / un aller hand geschwindigkeit / also das wo du sie nach solcher anleitung erwigest / jhe lenger ihe mehr stuck hierauß erlernen wirst können / dan das die Reimen ohn außlegung nicht vil nutzen / ist offenbar an andern außgangenen Fechtbüchlein / und solt aber wissen das der erste theil solcher Reimen in meinem bishergelehrten Fechten gnugsam erklärt / derwegen an disem meinen anhab nemen / also.  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
 +
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Follow the Sword Zedel'''
+
| '''Sword Fencing'''
  
'''The Four Main guards'''
+
Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.
 
 
From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,824: Line 1,881:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Eight Secondary Guards'''
+
| Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.
 
 
Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,832: Line 1,887:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Five Master-Cuts'''
+
| The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.
 
 
Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,840: Line 1,893:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Six Covert Cuts'''
+
| '''Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong'''
  
Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut
+
The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,848: Line 1,901:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Handworks in the Sword'''
+
| With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.
 
 
Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,856: Line 1,907:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''From the Four Openings and Divisions'''
+
| '''Hard and Soft'''
  
Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.
+
Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,864: Line 1,915:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:
+
| Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,870: Line 1,921:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands.
+
| '''Follow the Sword Zedel'''
 +
 
 +
'''The Four Main guards'''
 +
 
 +
From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,876: Line 1,931:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Sword Fencing'''
+
| '''The Eight Secondary Guards'''
  
Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.
+
Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,884: Line 1,939:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.
+
| '''The Five Master-Cuts'''
 +
 
 +
Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,890: Line 1,947:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.
+
| '''The Six Covert Cuts'''
 +
 
 +
Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,896: Line 1,955:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong'''
+
| '''Handworks in the Sword'''
  
The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.
+
Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,904: Line 1,963:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.
+
| '''From the Four Openings and Divisions'''
 +
 
 +
Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,910: Line 1,971:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Hard and Soft'''
+
| Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:
 
 
Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,918: Line 1,977:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.
+
| In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands. This is the correct Squinter cut.
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,924: Line 1,983:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''This is the correct Squinter cut.'''
+
| '''Another'''
 
 
'''Another'''
 
  
 
Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.
 
Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.
Line 2,005: Line 2,062:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''For you no guard will come so good<br/>In the after you strike out freely, boldly'''
 
| '''For you no guard will come so good<br/>In the after you strike out freely, boldly'''
  
Line 2,062: Line 2,119:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 12v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 12v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Allow the Circle to connect to the right<br/>Hold your hands high, you will deceive him'''
 
| '''Allow the Circle to connect to the right<br/>Hold your hands high, you will deceive him'''
  
Line 2,074: Line 2,131:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''A good Stück from the Circle'''
 
| '''A good Stück from the Circle'''
  
Line 2,084: Line 2,141:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 14r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 14r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''With the Crooked step well if you want to displace<br/>The crossing over, does him harm'''
 
| '''With the Crooked step well if you want to displace<br/>The crossing over, does him harm'''
  
Line 2,094: Line 2,151:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''A Stück from the Reversing'''
 
| '''A Stück from the Reversing'''
  
Line 2,106: Line 2,163:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 15r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 15r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Cut Crooked to his Flat<br/>And you will Weaken the Master'''
 
| '''Cut Crooked to his Flat<br/>And you will Weaken the Master'''
  
Line 2,152: Line 2,209:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 16v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 16v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| rowspan="2" | '''When you cut crooked at his strong<br/>Be sure to wind through and overrun with it'''
 
| rowspan="2" | '''When you cut crooked at his strong<br/>Be sure to wind through and overrun with it'''
  
Line 2,164: Line 2,221:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 2,215: Line 2,272:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 18v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 18v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Stuck'''
 
| '''Stuck'''
  
Line 2,240: Line 2,297:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Also wind forcefully against his shield,<br/>Instantly shove him away and strike swiftly.'''
 
| '''Also wind forcefully against his shield,<br/>Instantly shove him away and strike swiftly.'''
  
Line 2,250: Line 2,307:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 21r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 21r.jpg|400px|center]]
| rowspan="2" | <br/>
+
| rowspan="2" | <p><br/></p>
  
If one cuts a powerful Buffel at you, so that you may not come at him with such subtle work, then cut the first at the same time as him and mark now when he pulls his arms back toward him, then drive at him from underneath with horizontal blade on both his arms and in driving under, let go with your left hand from the pommel and grip your blade in the middle, how this figure here after shows. Wrench out besides you both his arms with your shield and cross and as you shove or wrench release your left hand and quickly cut after, either short or long.
+
<p>If one cuts a powerful Buffel at you, so that you may not come at him with such subtle work, then cut the first at the same time as him and mark now when he pulls his arms back toward him, then drive at him from underneath with horizontal blade on both his arms and in driving under, let go with your left hand from the pommel and grip your blade in the middle, how this figure here after shows. Wrench out besides you both his arms with your shield and cross and as you shove or wrench release your left hand and quickly cut after, either short or long.</p>
  
Therefore note when a Roof guard Buffel is coming for you, then see that you parry once or twice, until you see the opportunity; that he has driven up the furthest for a stroke. Then drive his strike away from under on his arms and step well under him, thus he strikes his own arms on your blade.
+
<p>Therefore note when a Roof guard Buffel is coming for you, then see that you parry once or twice, until you see the opportunity; that he has driven up the furthest for a stroke. Then drive his strike away from under on his arms and step well under him, thus he strikes his own arms on your blade.</p>
| rowspan="2" | '''[LIIv] Ein anders.'''
+
| rowspan="2" | {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|1|lbl=1.52v}}
HAuwet einer gewaltig Püffel auff dich / alos das du jhme mit solcher subteilen arbeit nit zukommen kanst / so Hauw den ersten zugleich mit jhm ein / und merck eben / in dem er sein Arm wider zu sich zeucht / so fahr jhm mit uberzwercher klingen an sein beide Arm von Unden / und im underfahren / laß dein Lincke hand vom knopff unnd begreiff dein kling in der mitte / wie die kleiner bossen in der Figur N. hievor getruckt zur Lincken handt anzeigen / reiß jhm sein beide Arm mit deinem Schilt und kreutz beiseits auß / und im stoß oder riss laß dein Lincke hand ab / Hauw behendt nach es sey kurtz oder lang / Derhalben merck / wann du also ein dach büffler für dich bekommest / so schauw wie du jhme ein streich zwen versetzt / biß du die gelegenheit ersihest / das er im besten aufffahren ist zum streich / so underfahre jhme behendt sein Arm / und trit wol under jhn / so schlegt er sich selbst / mit den Armen in dein klinge.
 
 
| rowspan="2" |  
 
| rowspan="2" |  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''The Squinter cut you shall do wisely<br/>With winding you can also double him'''
+
| <p>'''The Squinter cut you shall do wisely<br/>With winding you can also double him'''</p>
  
There are three Squinters, namely two Squinting Cuts; one from the right, the second from your left with crossed hands not unlike the Crooked Cut, how I have reported above concerning the Crooked Cuts. The third is a Squinter with the face, when I focus on a point and act as if I intended to strike there but I do not do this to him, rather I cut in elsewhere.
+
<p>There are three Squinters, namely two Squinting Cuts; one from the right, the second from your left with crossed hands not unlike the Crooked Cut, how I have reported above concerning the Crooked Cuts. The third is a Squinter with the face, when I focus on a point and act as if I intended to strike there but I do not do this to him, rather I cut in elsewhere.</p>
| '''Den Schielhauw soltu weißlich machen /<br/>Mit winden kanst jhn auch zwifachen.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|2|lbl=-}}
 
+
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|1|lbl=21v}}
Der Schieler seind dreyerley / nemlich zwen Schielhäuw / einer von der Rechten / den andern von deiner Lincken / welcher mit geschrenckten Henden / dem Krumphauw nit unehnlich / wie oben bey den Krumphäuwen gemelt. Der dritt ist ein Schieler mit dem gesicht / als do ich an ein ort sihe / mit sampt den geberden / sam ich dahin schlagen wolt / ich thue es aber nicht sonder schlag anderswo hinein.
 
|  
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The First Squinter goes thus; when you are in the Zufechten, then note as soon as he goes out to strike to your left, then position yourself as if you would strike at the same time to him, do not complete this, but rather turn your Sword in the air so that your hand comes crosswise, and then cut in from above to his right with the short edge and crossed arms, at the same time as him, so that his Blade comes also to his right, or falls by your Right, however, step well with the left foot to his right side.
+
| <p>The First Squinter goes thus; when you are in the Zufechten, then note as soon as he goes out to strike to your left, then position yourself as if you would strike at the same time to him, do not complete this, but rather turn your Sword in the air so that your hand comes crosswise, and then cut in from above to his right with the short edge and crossed arms, at the same time as him, so that his Blade comes also to his right, or falls by your Right, however, step well with the left foot to his right side.</p>
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The Second is the Old Squinter cut, that goes thus; In the Zufechten send yourself into the right Wrath guard, if he cuts then at your head from above, thus step from your right and strike to his cut by turning the short edge over his sword in to his head with outstretched arms, how the figures hereafter show.
+
| <p>The Second is the Old Squinter cut, that goes thus; In the Zufechten send yourself into the right Wrath guard, if he cuts then at your head from above, thus step from your right and strike to his cut by turning the short edge over his sword in to his head with outstretched arms, how the figures hereafter show.</p>
 
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 21v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| Von disen schielhäuwen bistu bißher im ersten theil gelehrt / und zu dem dieweil hin und wider in stucken davon gemelt wirt / ist unnöthig insonders weiter dvon zu handlen / will derhalben allein von etlich Bruchen und dergleichen so hierauß genomen werden etwas sagen / Bruch auff den Schiler.
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <br/>
+
| <p><br/></p>
  
'''Note''' When one does a Squinting Cut against your long cut, thus he opens his right side, therefore do not allow him to come onto your sword but rather change through below and cut him to his right long in from your left after driving through.
+
<p>'''Note''' When one does a Squinting Cut against your long cut, thus he opens his right side, therefore do not allow him to come onto your sword but rather change through below and cut him to his right long in from your left after driving through.</p>
| '''Bruch auff den Schiler.'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/125|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
Merck als offt dir einer ein Schielhauw / gegen deinem langen Hauw herfüret / so blösset er sein Rechte seiten / derhalben so laß ihn nit an dein Schwerdt kommen / sonder Wechsel unden durch / unnd Hauwe jhm zu seiner Rechten dem durchfahren nach von deiner Lincken lang hinein.
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 2,323: Line 2,374:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 22v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 22v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Counter to the Long Point'''
 
| '''Counter to the Long Point'''
  
Line 2,379: Line 2,430:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword G.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Note a swift Stück from the Squinter'''
 
| '''Note a swift Stück from the Squinter'''
  
Line 2,389: Line 2,440:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 25r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 25r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <br/>
 
| <br/>
  
Line 2,451: Line 2,502:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword I.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| This stuck goes well when you do it quickly. However, if he escapes you upward too quickly with his arms, then allow your blade drive around your head, so that your long edge comes forward on his arms, athwart through with an under cut, how the figure here after shows, however do not let go with your left hand from the hilt, rather thrust him from you with crossed hands.
 
| This stuck goes well when you do it quickly. However, if he escapes you upward too quickly with his arms, then allow your blade drive around your head, so that your long edge comes forward on his arms, athwart through with an under cut, how the figure here after shows, however do not let go with your left hand from the hilt, rather thrust him from you with crossed hands.
 
| Diß stuck gehet wol an wann du es in einer geschwinde machest / wischet er dir aber mit den Armen zubehendt ubersich / so laß dein klingen umbfahren umb dein Kopff / das dein Lange schneid / vornen an sein Arm kome uberzwerch durch einen Underhauw / wie das kleiner Bild in der Figur I. zur lincken hand außweist / aber laß die lincke hand nit vom Hefft / sonder stoß jhn von dir mit geschrenkten Henden.
 
| Diß stuck gehet wol an wann du es in einer geschwinde machest / wischet er dir aber mit den Armen zubehendt ubersich / so laß dein klingen umbfahren umb dein Kopff / das dein Lange schneid / vornen an sein Arm kome uberzwerch durch einen Underhauw / wie das kleiner Bild in der Figur I. zur lincken hand außweist / aber laß die lincke hand nit vom Hefft / sonder stoß jhn von dir mit geschrenkten Henden.
Line 2,495: Line 2,546:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 28r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 28r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Double shall your Failer be done<br/>Likewise double the step and slice'''
 
| '''Double shall your Failer be done<br/>Likewise double the step and slice'''
  
Line 2,517: Line 2,568:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword K.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''A Failer with the False step'''
 
| '''A Failer with the False step'''
  
Line 2,550: Line 2,601:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword L.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword L.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Counter to the Thwart'''
 
| '''Counter to the Thwart'''
  
Line 2,560: Line 2,611:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword N.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| Item, if he thwarts from under, so that you can't come from below thus catch his Thwart on your shield with diverting, so that your blade hangs over his.
 
| Item, if he thwarts from under, so that you can't come from below thus catch his Thwart on your shield with diverting, so that your blade hangs over his.
 
| Item zwircht er von Unden / das du darunder nicht kommen kanst / so fange sein Zwirch mit fürschieben / an dein Schilt / und stoß dein knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm wol von dir / unnd wendt jhm die Lange schneid aussen uber seiner kling von Unden auff zum Kopff / wie das grösser Bild in der Figur N. zur rechten hand außweiset.
 
| Item zwircht er von Unden / das du darunder nicht kommen kanst / so fange sein Zwirch mit fürschieben / an dein Schilt / und stoß dein knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm wol von dir / unnd wendt jhm die Lange schneid aussen uber seiner kling von Unden auff zum Kopff / wie das grösser Bild in der Figur N. zur rechten hand außweiset.
Line 2,566: Line 2,617:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 29v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 29v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''From Stepping'''
 
| '''From Stepping'''
  
Line 2,606: Line 2,657:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Item''' If one binds on to you from his right, thus pay attention when he strikes around, thus follow after him with the Slice on his arms to his right.
 
| '''Item''' If one binds on to you from his right, thus pay attention when he strikes around, thus follow after him with the Slice on his arms to his right.
  
Line 2,638: Line 2,689:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 31v.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| In the onset cut with your long edge to his left ear, as soon as this clashes or connects, pull around your head and cut the next also with the long edge, to his lower right opening, then third, to his lower left opening the fourth to his upper right opening, these 4 cuts should go quickly from one into another, And all strikes should be well to the body, also you should do these cuts with the short edge, to the four openings of the man
 
| In the onset cut with your long edge to his left ear, as soon as this clashes or connects, pull around your head and cut the next also with the long edge, to his lower right opening, then third, to his lower left opening the fourth to his upper right opening, these 4 cuts should go quickly from one into another, And all strikes should be well to the body, also you should do these cuts with the short edge, to the four openings of the man
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,663: Line 2,714:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 36r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 36r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Item''' threaten to him from above with a Quick strike, or cut in at him from above, and if he slips after, then pull up the cut and drive with your under cut to the same side, from this work arises the winding on the sword, namely when you have bound on his sword from your right to his left, then remain hard on his blade, thrust through with the pommel under your right arm through remain thus in advance on his sword and jerk your pommel again for the purpose of winding him again outside to his head, thus you find also three kinds, namely winding outwards and inwards short edge to both sides and you should know that I have not put them here for just any particular reason.
 
| '''Item''' threaten to him from above with a Quick strike, or cut in at him from above, and if he slips after, then pull up the cut and drive with your under cut to the same side, from this work arises the winding on the sword, namely when you have bound on his sword from your right to his left, then remain hard on his blade, thrust through with the pommel under your right arm through remain thus in advance on his sword and jerk your pommel again for the purpose of winding him again outside to his head, thus you find also three kinds, namely winding outwards and inwards short edge to both sides and you should know that I have not put them here for just any particular reason.
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,685: Line 2,736:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 38r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 38r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Do not rely too much on the Crown,<br/>You will tend to get harm and shame from it'''
 
| '''Do not rely too much on the Crown,<br/>You will tend to get harm and shame from it'''
  
Line 2,706: Line 2,757:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword B.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Strike powerfully through with the Long point<br/>Therewith hold off all hard dangers'''
 
| '''Strike powerfully through with the Long point<br/>Therewith hold off all hard dangers'''
  
Line 2,730: Line 2,781:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
 
| '''Item''' Strike out before him and allow your sword to fly above besides your left, step and cut from your right from under at his arm, if he displaces this, thus wind and go through with the Grip and cast with your pommel outwards over his right arm, let go with your left hand from your grip, and grab therewith your blade to help the right, cut him with the long edge on his head.
 
| '''Item''' Strike out before him and allow your sword to fly above besides your left, step and cut from your right from under at his arm, if he displaces this, thus wind and go through with the Grip and cast with your pommel outwards over his right arm, let go with your left hand from your grip, and grab therewith your blade to help the right, cut him with the long edge on his head.
 
| Item streich vor jhm auff / und laß dein Schwerdt oben umbfliegen neben deiner Lincken / trit und Hauw von deiner Rechten / von unden gewaltig zu seinem Arm / versetzt er / so wind unden durch mit deinem hefft / und greiff mit deinem Knopff aussen uber seinen Rechten arm / laß dein lincke hand von dem Hefft / begreiff damit dein kling zu hilff der Rechten / schlag jhn mit Langer schneid auff sein Kopff / wie dich solches die bossen in der figur O. zur Rechten hand anzeigen.
 
| Item streich vor jhm auff / und laß dein Schwerdt oben umbfliegen neben deiner Lincken / trit und Hauw von deiner Rechten / von unden gewaltig zu seinem Arm / versetzt er / so wind unden durch mit deinem hefft / und greiff mit deinem Knopff aussen uber seinen Rechten arm / laß dein lincke hand von dem Hefft / begreiff damit dein kling zu hilff der Rechten / schlag jhn mit Langer schneid auff sein Kopff / wie dich solches die bossen in der figur O. zur Rechten hand anzeigen.
Line 2,746: Line 2,797:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 40r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 40r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| '''Over-gripping'''
 
| '''Over-gripping'''
 
Mark thusly when one binds on you from the right thus he presses weakly from you with the slice, with the sword, thus grab with your hand on your shield and cast with your blade over his both hands downwards and to your right, press the pommel from you.
 
Mark thusly when one binds on you from the right thus he presses weakly from you with the slice, with the sword, thus grab with your hand on your shield and cast with your blade over his both hands downwards and to your right, press the pommel from you.
Line 2,814: Line 2,865:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword O.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| '''Ein ander stuck zum einlauffen.'''
 
| '''Ein ander stuck zum einlauffen.'''
Line 2,821: Line 2,872:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword D.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| '''Werffen.'''
 
| '''Werffen.'''
Line 2,880: Line 2,931:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|300px]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Longsword H.jpg|center|400px]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| '''Ein guter Bruch auff alle oberhäuw.'''
 
| '''Ein guter Bruch auff alle oberhäuw.'''
Line 2,887: Line 2,938:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| '''Ende des Schwerdts.'''
+
| class="noline" | '''Ende des Schwerdts.'''
 
'''Ordentliche'''
 
'''Ordentliche'''
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 2,903: Line 2,954:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = Lund Dussack
 
  | title = Lund Dussack
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
Line 2,953: Line 3,004:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 47r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 47r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''The Cuts</p>
 
| <p>'''The Cuts</p>
 
{|  
 
{|  
Line 3,030: Line 3,081:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 49r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 49r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Buzzer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Buzzer'''</p>
  
Line 3,077: Line 3,128:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Quick Cut'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Quick Cut'''</p>
  
Line 3,084: Line 3,135:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 52r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
  
Line 3,096: Line 3,146:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 52r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Example'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Example'''</p>
  
Line 3,128: Line 3,176:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 54r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Steer how it follows'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A Good Device from the Steer how it follows'''</p>
  
Line 3,135: Line 3,183:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 54r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 55r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Middle strike with the Throwing In'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Middle strike with the Throwing In'''</p>
  
Line 3,147: Line 3,194:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 55r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.</p>
 
| <p>'''Item''' Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
Line 3,203: Line 3,249:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 58r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Wrath Strike'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Wrath Strike'''</p>
  
Line 3,210: Line 3,256:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 58r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''A Good Attack from the Steer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A Good Attack from the Steer'''</p>
  
Line 3,267: Line 3,312:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 61r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 61r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen)'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen)'''</p>
  
Line 3,387: Line 3,432:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| <p>Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 3,396: Line 3,441:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 1570 Dussack
 
  | title = 1570 Dussack
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack A.png|400px|center]]
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|
  
|}
 
{{master subsection end}}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
{{master begin
 
| title = Rapier
 
| width = 100%
 
}}
 
 
{{master subsection begin
 
| title = Lund Rapier
 
| width = 84em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack B.png|400px|center]]
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
|
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
+
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack C.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>
 
  
<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack D.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack F.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>
 
  
<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
+
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack G.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>
 
  
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack I.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack K.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
+
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack L.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack M.png|400px|center]]
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack N.png|400px|center]]
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack O.png|400px|center]]
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
+
|
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dussack P.png|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>
+
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
  
<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
+
{{master begin
|  
+
| title = Rapier
 +
| width = 100%
 +
}}
  
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Lund Rapier
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
|
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
+
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
+
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
+
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>
+
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
+
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
+
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
+
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
 
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
+
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
+
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
+
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
+
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
+
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
+
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
+
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
 
 
<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
+
<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
 
 
<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
 
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
+
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
|-
 
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>
  
<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
+
<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|1|lbl=79v}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>
 +
 
 +
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/><br/>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
+
|
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
 +
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
 +
|
  
<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
+
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
+
 
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
+
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>
  
<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
+
<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
+
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|1|lbl=79v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
+
|-
|  
+
| <p><br/><br/>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS A.4º.2 79v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
+
<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
 
 
<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>
+
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
  
<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
+
<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
 
 
<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>
  
<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
+
<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
+
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>
+
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
  
<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
+
<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>
  
<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
+
<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>
  
<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
+
<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
+
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>
+
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>
  
 +
<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
+
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>
 +
 
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,918: Line 4,028:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 3,927: Line 4,037:
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
 
  | title = 1570 Rapier
 
  | title = 1570 Rapier
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <br/>
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 1.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier A.png|400px|center]]
 
|
 
|
|
 
 
|}
 
{{master subsection end}}
 
 
{{master subsection begin
 
| title = Rostock Rapier
 
| width = 84em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
 
|-
 
| <br/>
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|}
 
{{master subsection end}}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
{{master begin
 
| title = Additional cutting diagrams
 
| width = 100%
 
}}
 
 
{{master subsection begin
 
| title = Lund Diagrams
 
| width = 84em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Hans Talhoffer (Blogger)|Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier B.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier D.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier E.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|MS A..2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
+
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 2.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Rapier I.png|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|400px|center]]
 +
| class="noline" |  
 +
| class="noline" |
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 4,006: Line 4,109:
  
 
{{master subsection begin
 
{{master subsection begin
  | title = Rostock Diagrams
+
  | title = Rostock Rapier
  | width = 84em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-
 
|-
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Figures</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Hans Talhoffer (Blogger)|Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Thomas Carrillo]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-
 
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|300px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
+
| <p><br/></p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
+
 
 +
<p>If you want to fence with one hand<br/>Know the twelve cuts<br/>the cuts and thrust right deceive<br/>the thrust with cutting right mutate</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|1|lbl=112r}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>'''12 cuts'''</p>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Wrath Cut&emsp; || Waker&emsp; || Anger Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Constrainer&emsp; || Danger Cut&emsp; || Winker
 +
|-
 +
| High Cut&emsp; || Low Cut&emsp; || Plunge Cut
 +
|-
 +
| Middle Cut&emsp; || Change Cut&emsp; || Foot Cut
 +
|}
  
<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|2|lbl=-}}
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
 
.d. . . . . . Parting line<br/>
 
.e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line<br/>
 
.f. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 
.g. . . . . . hand line</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>'''Wrath Cut'''</p>
  
<p>.&#x0023;. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike</p>
+
<p>What would be aimed at you<br/>The Wrath cut point beaks</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>1a That is when you stand in the wrath cut and one cuts or thrust to you, then step sideways around his cut, and cut him with the point to the hand.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''handcut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| rowspan="6" | [[File:MS Var.82 002v.png|300px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The First Rule:}}</p>
+
| <p>Who cuts above to you<br/>Threaten him with the zornhauw</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>2b That is almost the same as the previous, so one has cut from above, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his weapon with a step out. At the same time<ref name="indes">indes</ref> thrust over-hand<ref>palm up</ref> to his face. If he wards it, then cut to his foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''overhang''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
<p>In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|1|lbl=112v}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|1|lbl=003r}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
+
|  
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>3c If he cuts from above<ref>oberhauw</ref> to you, then cut with a wrath cut to the strong of his messer [sic] and step with the right foot to his right side, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind with the haft under on his blade through upwards over his right arm. Draw in the arm with the pomel to your body, fall in with the left hand also on the arm over the joint. Thrust with the left hand away from you and hold his hand with your pommel strong on your body so he must fall or be broken.</p>
  
<p>As often as you have use in binding with the wepons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
+
<p>''Winding upward''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Third Rule:}}</p>
+
|  
 +
| <p>4d Item: Approach in left wrath cut, and he cuts a roof cut, then cut towards him from your left side, hard in his strong. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> hang the point to his left shoulder Over-hand; cut directly to the right leg.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''hanging with back of the hand.''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
<p>The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|5|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 4. Rule:}}</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>5e Or allow a thrust to run though an undercut to the right hip. Or parry with a barring zornhauw from above downwards. Immediately<ref name="indes"/> thrust to his face. If he wards it, then cut a middle cut to his stomach and then step and cut long to his right with a step off.</p>
  
<p>As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.</p>
+
<p>''hip-thrust''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|1|lbl=113r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 112v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 5. Rule:}}</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>6f Item: He cuts a high cut to you, then cut with the zornhauw, going through his strike from your right shoulder. The next to his foot.</p>
  
<p>Your work drive to first to the Feeble,<br/>than to the Strength, than to the body.</p>
+
<p>''foot cut''</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|5|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>'''Waker'''</p>
  
<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
+
<p>7g The waker is thus: When you cut to your opponent, a high cut or low cut, then cut onto the strong of his blade, and don’t lift your blade from his weapon, but remain hard on his weapon, and thrust thus in the strike with sinking point to the opening. That’s why the verse says “wake deftly, wind the point to the face”.</p>
In the Strength you may rush him twice.<br/>
 
Between the binding displace well<br/>
 
and hard work in all engagement<br/>
 
The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it<br/>
 
In all engagements look out for the cut<br/>
 
In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust)<br/>
 
Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening,<br/>
 
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
 
|
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
 
  
|}
+
<p>''waker''</p>
{{master subsection end}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|4|lbl=-}}
{{master end}}
+
 
 
+
|-
{{master begin
+
|
  | title = Dagger
+
|
  | width = 84em
+
{|
}}
+
|-
{| class="floated master"
+
| Item wake with the edge, pull quickly with stepping
|-  
+
|-
! <p>Images</p>
+
| Item wake all encounters, if you want to fool the masters
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
+
|}
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
+
<p>8h When one shoots the point at your face as before, then slice with your long edge from below and step with the left<ref>‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it</ref> foot to his left, and with your right foot behind your left out to the side. At once<ref name="indes"/> wind your hand around so that the long edge is under, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> above, and your elbow stands upwards, thus thrust under your reversed hand to his stomach.</p>
 
+
 
|-  
+
<p>''reversed thrust''</p>
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113r.png|5|lbl=-}}
|  
+
 
|  
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|1|lbl=113v}}
 
+
 
|-  
+
|-
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A2.jpg|300px|center]]
+
|
|  
+
| <p>'''On the wake, from under'''</p>
|  
+
 
 
+
<p>9i When one cuts an undercut from the right onto your sword and winds at the same time<ref name="indes"/> the thrust under to your groin, then cut at the same time as the thrust with a footcut sideways from your left to your right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> quickly step to his right, and wind the point to his groin. Thus you do to him what he wanted to do to you. Of course, cut to his right node.</p>
|-  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|2|lbl=-}}
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.jpg|300px|center]]
+
 
|  
+
|-
|  
+
|
 
+
| <p>'''Anger cut'''</p>
|-  
+
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.jpg|300px|center]]
+
<p>The anger cut would be namely used to run in to him, break his arm, and throw him, and similar techniques.</p>
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 113v.png|3|lbl=-}}
|  
+
 
 
+
|-
|-  
+
|
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| <p>10k The anger cut is done thus: hold your messer or sword long before yourself, with the point out, and the hilt towards the ground near your forward foot. If one thrusts or cuts to you, then wind the long edge upwards, and parry strongly on his blade, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> change through with the point and thrust to the other side. Or, when you have thus parried, then quickly pull around your head, and cut him to the foot.</p>
|  
+
 
|  
+
<p>''here, one grabs the blade with the left hand''</p>
 
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|1|lbl=114r}}
|-  
+
 
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.jpg|300px|center]]
+
|-
|  
+
|
|  
+
|
 
+
{|
|}
+
|-
{{master end}}
+
| <br/>
 
+
|-
{{master begin
+
| <br/>
  | title = Pole Weapons
+
|}
  | width = 84em
+
<p>11l Item: Lay on him angrily, and he cuts or thrusts with rage onto you, then go onto his blade with strength. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> grab behind his hand with your left, reversed, hand. Jerk his right to yourself, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> quickly drive your haft up, over his arm. Push him, and at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind his elbow out back by his head. Throw him from you, and cut him to the neck. If he pulls out a dagger, then let go of his right hand, spring well towards his right side, stab him to the hip, with reversed hand, as with play 8h.</p>
}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114r.png|2|lbl=-}}
{| class="floated master"
+
 
|-  
+
|-
! <p>Images</p>
+
|
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
+
| <p>12m Item: if one runs to you with a high cut or or thrust, then parry with the anger cut quickly under his sword, spring to him with your right behind his right. At the same time,<ref name="indes"/> catch his right hand with your left reversed hand, torque it upwards, over his right shoulder, and at the same time as all this, drive in with the pommel into his face, throw him thus. But if he grabs his dagger, then cut him with the long edge to the hand. Push from you, so he must fall.</p>
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|1|lbl=114v}}
 
+
 
|-  
+
|-
|  
+
|
| <p>'''The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear.'''</p>
+
| <p>13n Item: You have parried him with the anger cut as before, then grab his hand as before, and torque it up, and jerk it towards you so he can’t do anything. push your pommel strong on his joint, from below, so he wavers. Jerk his elbow strongly to your right; thus you break his arm.</p>
 
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|2|lbl=-}}
<p><br/>I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.</p>
+
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|1|lbl=3.16r}}
+
|-
 
+
|
|-  
+
| <p>14o Item: Lay on him angrily, and if one cuts from above to you, or thrusts from above, then wind your hand and parry with straight long edge, so that your point hangs toward his left. Then wind from below up over his right arm by the hand, jerk it onto your breast, and wind your left side onto his right, and fall with the left arm, thus he must break.</p>
|  
+
 
| <p>'''Of the Lyings or Guards.'''</p>
+
<p>''parry over-hand''</p>
 
+
|
<p>There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.</p>
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|1|lbl=115r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 114v.png|4|lbl=-}}
|-  
+
 
|  
+
|-
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
+
|
 
+
| <p>'''Constrainer cut'''</p>
<p>Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.</p>
+
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|1|lbl=3.16v}}
+
<p>Constrainer is twofold: One, when your opponent uses a short sword<ref>“Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.</ref> and one with rapier.</p>
 
+
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|2|lbl=-}}
|-  
+
 
|  
+
|-
| <p>'''Lower Guard'''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>But being both constrainers are bundled here, I want to report to you that not much of either will be here. The constrainer in the rapier is thus: Stand with your right foot forward, your sword to your left side, the half edge<ref>short edge</ref> against you.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The other with the short weapon is thus: stand with your left foot forward, hold your weapon before you, the long edge towards your opponent. The point towards the earth in front of your left foot. Both are useful for breaking the other constrainer.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''The other constrainer''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Constrain to the right, thrust left you will fence
 +
|-
 +
| get through from the right, bring behind with the middle cut
 +
|-
 +
| Constrainer breaks what the buffalo thrusts or hits (or, hits or thrusts)
 +
|}
 +
<p>15p If you stand in the constrainer and one thrusts or hits you you, then cut it away from you, with the long edge from your left through to behind your right, and around your head. The second to his foot. Spring with the left well around his right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115r.png|7|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|1|lbl=115v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>16q Thus you lie in constrainer, and he thrusts to you, thus parry his thrust up, with the long edge from your breast, step at the same time<ref name="indes"/> with your left foot well around, or to his right. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade upwards over his from below, with the point to his groin.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''groin thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>17r Constrainer. If one cuts or thrusts to you, then, with a step with your left foot to his right, cut from above down onto his blade, and hold it as you would with the waker, and thrust your point at the same time on his blade. This he must ward, and cut upwards. Thus he leaves his lower opening clear, and you win a full, nasty, blow to him. Do it well, so your middle cut comes through his stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 115v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Danger cut'''</p>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| dangercut with his cut/ wait for his shoulder and breast
 +
|-
 +
| dangercut, show a change through meanwhile
 +
|}
 +
<p>'''waker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>18s Item: Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword on your left side. Middle cut to your opponent almost like with the constrainer. At the same time, step with your left around his right. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> cast the half edge<ref name="indes"/> with the point into his face, over his right arm. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind around and thrust before yourself further into his face. Pull around your head with a cut or thrust below to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|1|lbl=116r}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>19t Item: Cast the point to his face as mentioned before. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind your blade around and let the point change from above his right arm to below and thrust long under his sword to his stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cast the blade to his face as before with the half edge well through, let it hang over his right arm. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise around your head and cut him to the right hip, or foot, step with the left foot well around his right. Thus the play goes well.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''hip thrust''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>20v Do the danger cut also from the right side. In the approach, spring with your right to his left, cast or hit him with the half edge towards his left through his face. Meanwhile,<ref name="indes"/> quickly raise your hilt upwards, pull around your head and cut him through to the left side, the next to the right through the cross, and step with the left foot well to his right.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|1|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|2|lbl=116v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 116r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Wincker'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>You should shoot the winker<br/>and wake the masters with it<br/>In two ways learn the wincker<br/>to the left and to the right<br/>winck left and hit him<br/>cut right long, and you will confuse him<br/>if you want to deceive the masters<br/>you should enjoy the wincker<br/>what comes crooked or poorly<br/>the wecker straightens</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Wincker is nothing other than to threaten and then thrust elsewhere or else with cuts.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 116v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>21x Item: In the approach, step and threaten him with an earnest thrust to his left shoulder, quickly pull towards yourself and thrust him to the lower right opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''a deception''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|1|lbl=117r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>22y Item: Step and threaten a high cut to his face, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> wind and cut quickly to his left foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Pull the encounters you will fool the masters
 +
|-
 +
| if he will bind to you pull quickly, thus you will find him
 +
|}
 +
<p>''Foot cut''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>23z Item: If he gathers for a strike from the roof or otherwise, and you meet him, and he will bind to you, then pull quickly, and change through to the other side.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''change through''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''High Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The high cut is the scalper, the driving is also done from it, also many techniques are ended with it.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''High cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Cut a high cut to loosen him[?] but don’t let it hit, pull around and stab him in the groin from below. Raise your hilt back up, and step and cut to his right.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''High Thrust'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Spring and thrust a high thrust from above long into his face, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind around with the haft towards his right, and cut him to the foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|1|lbl=117v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Thrust as before to his face, pull back towards yourself and cut through with a middle cut as broken down in technique 6, strike away with the long edge from your left side, and step and thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Pulling''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''setting aside''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Under cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Under cut''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: cut an undercut from your left side hard towards his right. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> step with your left to his right, wind your haft downwards, and stab him to the stomach.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Do an undercut from your right, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> step, wind the thrust under his to his stomach, step well with your right around his left, menwhile,<ref name="indes"/> raise your hilt upwards, cut to his arm. If he parries that pull through, thrust to his other opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 117v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: cut two undercuts one into the other along with their steps, thrust to the nearest opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|1|lbl=118r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Do the two undercuts as before, and thrust to him from below to his groin. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: when one cuts at you from below, then fall onto it with the long edge. As soon as you go onto him, travel after him with a thrust.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Position yourself as you would the waker, thrust the point into his face.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Wake''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Plunge cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Thus you will go to him with the plunge cut: Thrust over hand, into his face, and cut him to his right leg. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Approach into the plunge to him and thrust long to his face. Pull the thrust back toward yourself and cut a middlecut directly through his stomach and winck meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> with the half edge to his left, and cut long to his right.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''pulling''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''middle cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>When one thus thrusts above to you, and will then middlecut through to you, then parry the thrust with the angercut, then middlecut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118r.png|7|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Bar him so that he can’t come through with the long edge. Do this for cuts and thrusts from above[?], then cut to the next opportunity.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Barring with the foot cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Middle cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Middlecut goes to the fencer with the greatest reach of the arm. Thus you should cut through with the middle cut to your opponent’s body.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Middle cut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Thrust to him strongly to the face, so that he must parry upwards, cut him right away with the middle cut. The middlecut goes with almost all thrust. Without it, it would be difficult to make any plays.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Change Cut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The change is done thus: Stand with the right foot forward, your weapon near you to the left side, with the point to the earth, the half edge up. If one cuts or thrusts to you, take it away with the half edge, and cut him to the foot.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''change''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one thrusts or hits to you, then parry with the long edge, and wind to him with the top of your blade up and over his blade, the point into his face.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Setting aside''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 118v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Parry as before with the long edge, and cut two undercuts hard into each other. Thrust and cut him from the roof. Or when you have done the undercuts, then straight away cut a middlecut and high cut through the cross.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''double undercut''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|1|lbl=119r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Take away his thrust with the changer, let it travel around your head and threaten a thrust to his right. Don’t let it connect, instead hit him to the left. When one lies in the change before you, then cut from your right shoulder towards his opening. Thwart across onto his sword, so he can’t come to complete parrying. He must leave openings above and below, giving you room to stay and cut. Just take heed of the traveling after.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Traveling after''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Another; if one lies in the changer, then thrust from your right side from below to his body, thus he must defend or be hit, then he leaves room for you to thrust or cut his lower left opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Footcut'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Foot cut is a distinguished cut in the Rapier, you do it to your opponent in almost all plays. Seeing that it’s so often repeated, I will briefly show its properties.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Position yourself in the bastion or Anger cut. If one cuts or thrusts, then parry upwards with the long edge and cut the other to the foot. In sum, if you want to cut to the foot, thus lay on as he does to you, thrust or hit along with his weapon and drive the parrying up high. With that you have room to cut a nasty cut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|1|lbl=119v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The foot cut is broken with a simultaneous cut to the foot. At the same time<ref name="indes"/> as it clashes, then wind the point to the body or an opening. Take heed of the slice in the traveling after.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
| Take heed of the hard slice yet in all dangers
 +
|-
 +
| in the slice learn the setting aside cuts and thrusts artfully impede
 +
|}
 +
<p>'''A good throw:'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If one thrusts to you to the right, thus spring well to his right side, and fall with your sword onto his sword by the strong, and catch his right arm with your left hand, hard behind his hand on top. Torque the hand around upwards to his right ear, and grab with the pommel and hand on the elbow, throw him thus from you with the left foot behind his right foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 119v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The first and foremost posture in the Rapier is the long point. It is done thus: stand with the right foot forward, the sword long before you, the point towards the opponent. The long edge below, the half edge above. The point always higher than the hilt.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Postures in the Rapier''</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|1|lbl=120r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Ward away thrusts or blows in the posture thus: If one thrusts over your parrying, then set it aside, if he’s weak, move in to him with the slice off, and meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> seek the opening with the point.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one thrusts to you under your parrying, then slice it, hand the point to his face, if he wards the point, then pull and thrust and cut him to the hand or arm.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The second posture, Bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, hold the sword long from you with the point toward the earth, so that the half edge stands above. If one cuts or thrust to you, slice it away from both sides.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Step and stab long, will you fight.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Ox, the third posture'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand upright with your left side towards your opponent, your feet near one another, hold your sword to your right, the half edge towards your left arm, the point towards your opponent.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>A teaching; how one should principally fight from the ox</p>
 +
|
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>learn winding away, long over-hand you will end cuts and thrust</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Boar, the fourth posture'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Stand with the left foot forward, the haft next to your right knee, the point towards the opponent.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: A good teaching on fighting from the boar.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Take heed of the before and after<br/>To the shooting through, you should consider<br/>Shooting through, changing, learn<br/>slicing away, pulling, with that you’ll injure.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''A play with the long point; the first'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Spring to him, and point your thrust to his face, and quickly thrust to his lower opening. This play is done when one lies with his sword below his belt. But if he lies above his belt with his sword, then thrust to him below and pull quickly to the upper opening, then also cut to his foot.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the Bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If he hits or thrusts to you, then displace upwards hard with the long edge. Cut directly up across from below onto his arm or through his body. Thrust to him with a winding thrust to his right lower opening, long from yourself, wind with a step to his right. Pull around your head, and cut him to the right leg with well stretched arm so that he may not reach you, meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> step backwards with your feet together and cut him high to the head.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 120v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|1|lbl=121r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you thrust in ochs, scalp from below with the half edge through his body and face with a step off, cut straight away running to his right side, but don’t let it hit, step with your left around your right. Wind at the same time<ref name="indes"/> and make the undercut a thrust to the right hip. Then the right leg with the undercut.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another from the ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Thrust and step with your right foot and with your point long into his face. Meanwhile<ref name="indes"/> wind toward your left with your haft. Step and cut to his right leg. This goes on both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A play from the boar'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The play written after is a breaking of the changer.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: Step and thrust from the board hard from below. Thwart up to his face, this he must parry from below, and open himself, leaving you free to hit his left side or foot. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|1|lbl=121v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If you wish to fence with one hand<br/>Know how to break the postures</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>'''Breaking the long point 1'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: If he lies in the longpoint against you, then approach him in the change, take his sword away the the half edge, your strong on his weak, and cut long to the nearest opening. This goes for both sides.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Item: If one will take away your forward parrying, at the same time<ref name="indes"/> as the blades meet, let your blade run around your head, and cut his right leg; from whichever side he took your blade away, hit him to that side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the bastion'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If one lays in the bastey, then stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword near your right side, the point towards the earth, away from you. Step and strike to him with the half edge from below, angling upward through his face. Let the thwart run off to the left side; cut to his right knee.</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 121v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|1|lbl=122r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the Ox'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Step and cut from your right side from below his weapon to his left arm, with the weak of your long edge. The other, strike again into his left, stepping more with the tho strikes well around his left side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Breaking the boar'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item: Thrust from your left side in the approach quickly overhand towards his breast, as soon as he will parry, then pull around your head, and cut him to the right arm. In the strike, step well around his right side.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Mark, this aforewritten breaking of the posture must be done deftly, as soon as you take up a posture to him, he becomes aware of your play. When you don’t hold the ‘before’, then your breaking will not go well, as when you took up a posture.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>This aforewritten fencing I have drawn from the old verses and taken it together with the sword in one hand, but now I wish to write on the rapier fencing in my own opinion, which befits attribution itself.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|1|lbl=122v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[???]Though the big and strong people sully you, rethink confrontation, and remember your art besides that despise<br/>their advantage you I pay little attention<br/>then believe me all the time<br/>the presumptuous despiser, he is with uneven swings<br/>therefrom I will say no more<br/>many fine heroes do lament the boxing[???]</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 122v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS Var.82 123r.png|400x400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 123r.png|1|lbl=123r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|1|lbl=124v}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 124v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 125v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 126v.png|1|lbl=126v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 127r.png|1|lbl=127r|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master begin
 +
| title = Additional cutting diagrams
 +
| width = 100%
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Lund Diagrams
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|Lund Transcription]]{{edit index|Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 87v.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
| {{paget|MS A.4º.2|87v|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 88r.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{paget|MS A.4º.2|88r|jpg|blk=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master subsection begin
 +
| title = Rostock Diagrams
 +
| width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]]{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS Var.82 001v.png|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>.A. . . . . . face line<br/>.B. . . . . . shoulder line<br/>.C. . . . . . chest line<br/>.D. . . . . . belly line<br/>.E. . . . . . hip line<br/>.F. . . . . . thigh line<br/>.G. . . . . . foot line</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|1|lbl=002r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>.a. . . . . . hand line<br/>
 +
.b. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 +
.c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line<br/>
 +
.d. . . . . . Parting line<br/>
 +
.e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line<br/>
 +
.f. . . . . . arm line<br/>
 +
.g. . . . . . hand line</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>.&#x0023;. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 002r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="6" | [[File:MS Var.82 002v.png|400px|center]]
 +
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The First Rule:}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|1|lbl=003r}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Other Rule:}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>As often as you have use in binding with the weapons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The Third Rule:}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 4. Rule:}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The 5. Rule:}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Your work drive to first to the Feeble,<br/>than to the Strength, than to the body.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" | <p>{{redu|u=1|b=1|The End.}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In the Feeble you can force him,<br/>
 +
In the Strength you may rush him twice.<br/>
 +
Between the binding displace well<br/>
 +
and hard work in all engagement<br/>
 +
The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it<br/>
 +
In all engagements look out for the cut<br/>
 +
In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust)<br/>
 +
Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening,<br/>
 +
In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well,<br/>
 +
Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.</p>
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 003v.png|1|lbl=003v|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master subsection end}}
 +
{{master end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master begin
 +
  | title = Dagger
 +
  | width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-  
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|400px|center]]
 +
|  
 +
|  
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
| class="noline" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|400px|center]]
 +
| class="noline" |  
 +
| class="noline" |  
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
{{master end}}
 +
 
 +
{{master begin
 +
  | title = Polearms
 +
  | width = 90em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-  
 +
! <p>Figures</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jon Pellett]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|1570 Transcription]]{{edit index|Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf}}</p>
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
|  
 +
| <p>'''The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p><br/>I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|1|lbl=3.16r}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
|  
 +
| <p>'''Of the Lyings or Guards.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/396|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
|  
 +
| <p>'''Upper Guard'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/397|1|lbl=3.16v}}
 +
 
 +
|-  
 +
|  
 +
| <p>'''Lower Guard'''</p>
  
 
<p>Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.</p>
 
<p>Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.</p>
Line 4,171: Line 4,992:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Near Guard and Middle Guard'''</p>
  
Line 4,179: Line 5,000:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Tiller Guard'''</p>
  
Line 4,285: Line 5,105:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff A.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''How you should fence from the Middle Guard.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''How you should fence from the Middle Guard.'''</p>
  
Line 4,311: Line 5,131:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff B.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.</p>
 
| <p>Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/409|3|lbl=-}}
Line 4,357: Line 5,177:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| rowspan="2" | <p>'''How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over.'''</p>
 
| rowspan="2" | <p>'''How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over.'''</p>
  
Line 4,365: Line 5,185:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff G.jpg|400px|center]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,424: Line 5,244:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence.'''</p>
  
Line 4,451: Line 5,271:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''A good stroke in the going over.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''A good stroke in the going over.'''</p>
  
Line 4,484: Line 5,304:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff D.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>'''Winding.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Winding.'''</p>
  
Line 4,499: Line 5,319:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff F.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.</p>
 
| <p>Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff C.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| <p>Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.</p>
 
| <p>Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/424|3|lbl=-}}
Line 4,543: Line 5,363:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|300px|center]]
+
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff E.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=3.32r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf/428|1|lbl=3.32r}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff H.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff I.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff K.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff L.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Meyer 1570 Staff M.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 4,558: Line 5,403:
 
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Lund Images
+
  | work        = Lund Figures
 
  | authors    =  
 
  | authors    =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
Line 4,565: Line 5,410:
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = 1570 Images
+
  | work        = 1570 Figures
 
  | authors    = [[Tobias Stimmer]]
 
  | authors    = [[Tobias Stimmer]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
Line 4,572: Line 5,417:
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Rostock Images
+
  | work        = Rostock Figures
 
  | authors    = [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]
 
  | authors    = [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]]
 
  | source link = http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/ppn780606825/phys_0000
 
  | source link = http://purl.uni-rostock.de/rosdok/ppn780606825/phys_0000
Line 4,627: Line 5,472:
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. TAT. [[Wolfgang Landwehr]], 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]].
** 1st Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0
+
** 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
 +
** 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
 
** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
 
** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750
 
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750
Line 4,648: Line 5,494:
 
[[Category:Greatsword]]
 
[[Category:Greatsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 +
[[Category:Pike]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Side Sword]]
 
[[Category:Side Sword]]
Line 4,653: Line 5,500:
 
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Old format]]

Revision as of 23:16, 14 October 2020

Joachim Meyer
Born ca. 1537
Basel, Germany
Died 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
Schwerin, Germany
Spouse(s) Appolonia Ruhlman
Occupation
Citizenship Strasbourg
Patron
  • Johann Albrecht (?)
  • Johann Casimir
Movement Freifechter
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Gründtliche Beschreibung der
Kunst des Fechtens
(1570)
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Forgeng, 2006
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Joachim Meyer sig.jpg

Joachim Meyer (ca. 1537 - 1571)[1] was a 16th century German Freifechter and fencing master. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master Johannes Liechtenauer, and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive fencing manuals. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing.[2] In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.[3]

Meyer was born in Basel,[4] where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.[5]

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)[1] and was granted the rank of master cutler. His interests had already moved beyond smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a Fechtschule (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;[6] the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript (MS A.4º.2) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.[7] Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with long sword, dussack, and rapier. His second manuscript (MS Var.82), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including Sigmund ain Ringeck, pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and Martin Syber, and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German Messer teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of Tobias Stimmer.[8]

Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.[1] Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 800 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.[6]

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.[1]

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.[9][10]

Treatises

Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the MS A.4º.2 (Lund) and the MS Var 82 (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.[11] Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. To achieve this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises as a series of progressive lessons, describing a process for learning to fence rather than merely outlining the underlying theory or listing the techniques. In keeping with this, he illustrates his techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed foils, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.

The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt (via Christian Egenolff's reprint) and Liechtenauer glossators Sigmund ain Ringeck and Lew, as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief Recital of Martin Syber. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary Paulus Hector Mair was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a greatsword and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.[12] Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century,[13] combines the old Messer teachings of Johannes Lecküchner and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of Achille Marozzo). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.

The third part of Meyer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo[14] and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the pike). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

Additional Resources

  • Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
  • Meyer, Joachim. Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’. TAT. Wolfgang Landwehr, 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng.
    • 1st edition. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85367-643-7
    • 1st edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 1-4039-7092-0
    • 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Dupuis, Olivier. Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat. Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.
  2. Castle, Egerton. Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.
  3. Naumann, Robert. Serapeum. Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.
  4. According to his wedding certificate.
  5. His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by Achilles Marozzo's printed treatise.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer". Meyer Frei Fechter Guild, 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
  7. Norling, Roger. "The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  8. Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.
  9. Schaer, Alfred. Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.
  10. Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. Fencing. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.
  11. Jens P. Kleinau. "1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz". Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  12. Roberts, James. "System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  13. Roger Norling. "The Dussack - a weapon of war". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
  14. Norling, Roger. "Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  15. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  16. Corrected on Ⅲ.47v.
  17. Corrected from Im, the first stroke of the “m” has been cancelled.
  18. Spitz uber- is clearly copied twice, this is probably an eye-skip.
  19. 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 19.28 19.29 19.30 19.31 indes
  20. palm up
  21. Illegible deletion.
  22. oberhauw
  23. ‘right’ is originally written, ‘left’ is written above it
  24. short edge
  25. “Degen”, lit. dagger, could either refer to a sword or dagger.
  26. short edge
  27. Unleserliche Streichung. Illegible deletion.
  28. Unleserliche gestrichen Einfügung oberhalb der Zeile. Crossed out illegible insertion above the line.
  29. Die Schlaufe des »h« trägt ein Diärese. The loop of the “h” carries a diaeresis.
  30. Korrigiert aus »mitelhauw«. Corrected from “mitelhauw”.
  31. Leicht unleserlich. Slightly illegible.
  32. Überschriebens »vom«. Overwritten “vom”.
  33. Inserted by means of a special mark.
  34. Word inserted next to the text.
  35. Inserted nest to the text.
  36. Zwei Worte am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Two words inserted at the margin.
  37. Wort am Seitenrand nachgetragen. Word inserted at the margin.