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Difference between revisions of "Hans Medel"

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| ''Fence with the entire body<br/>&emsp;whatever you desire to deploy strongly.''
 
| ''Fence with the entire body<br/>&emsp;whatever you desire to deploy strongly.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' When you come to someone with the approach, then you shall not look to his hew nor wait as he deploys it against you. Because all fencers that watch and wait upon the hew of someone else and will do nothing than parry, they shall enjoy such art less because they often become struck by that. Therefore hew and thrust to the opening.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' When you come to someone with the approach, then you shall not look to his hew nor wait as he deploys it against you. Because all fencers that watch and wait upon the hew of someone else and will do nothing than displace, they shall enjoy such art less because they often become struck by that. Therefore hew and thrust to the opening.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The Before.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The Before.'''</p>
  
<p>The before, this is so that you shall (if you wish) always come before with a hew or with a thrust into the opening, so that he must parry. Then work in the parrying swiftly before you with the sword from one opening to the other so that he may not come before your work into his. But if he runs-in, then come before with the wrestling or point running.</p>
+
<p>The before, this is so that you shall (if you wish) always come before with a hew or with a thrust into the opening, so that he must displace. Then work in the displacement swiftly before you with the sword from one opening to the other so that he may not come before your work into his. But if he runs-in, then come before with the wrestling or point running.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The After.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The After.'''</p>
  
<p>The after is when you cannot come in the before (or otherwise will not take it), so await upon the after. That is the break upon any play that he deploys upon you. Understand it thusly: When he comes before, so that you must parry him, then in-the-moment work swiftly with the after to the nearest opening in front of you. Thus, you hit him before he brings forth his play. In this way, you yet win the before and he remains after.</p>
+
<p>The after is when you cannot come in the before (or otherwise will not take it), so await upon the after. That is the break upon any play that he deploys upon you. Understand it thusly: When he comes before, so that you must displace him, then in-the-moment work swiftly with the after to the nearest opening in front of you. Thus, you hit him before he brings forth his play. In this way, you yet win the before and he remains after.</p>
 
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>24</small>
 
| <small>24</small>
| ''fool parries<br/>&emsp;following-after, run-over set the hew,''
+
| ''fool displaces<br/>&emsp;following-after, run-over set the hew,''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>25</small>
 
| <small>25</small>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>26</small>
 
| <small>26</small>
| ''hang and with openings strike,<br/>&emsp;catch, sweep, thrust with blows.''
+
| ''hang and with openings strike,<br/>&emsp;catch, stroke, thrust with blows.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, here the proper principal-plays of the art of the long sword are named, as all are specifically titled with their names and are seventeen in number, and it begins with the five hews. The first hew is called the wrath-hew. The second, the crooked-hew. The third, thwart-hew. The fourth, the squint-hew. The fifth, the part-hew.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, here the proper principal-plays of the art of the long sword are named, as all are specifically titled with their names and are seventeen in number, and it begins with the five hews. The first hew is called the wrath-hew. The second, the crooked-hew. The third, thwart-hew. The fourth, the squint-hew. The fifth, the part-hew.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Then the other twelve plays begin. The first or sixth in the numbering is called the four guards or positions. The seventh, the parries. The eighth, the racing-after. The ninth, the running-over. The X, the offsetting. The XI, the changing-through. The XII, the disengaging. The XIII, the running-through. The XIV, the cutting-aside. The XV, the hand pressing. The XVI, the hangings. The XVII, the windings.</p>
+
| <p>Then the other twelve plays begin. The first or sixth in the numbering is called the four guards or positions. The seventh, the displaces. The eighth, the racing-after. The ninth, the running-over. The X, the offsetting. The XI, the changing-through. The XII, the disengaging. The XIII, the running-through. The XIV, the cutting-off. The XV, the hand pressing. The XVI, the hangings. The XVII, the windings.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
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| ''To the head, to the body<br/>&emsp;Do not omit the biters''<ref>Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.</ref>
 
| ''To the head, to the body<br/>&emsp;Do not omit the biters''<ref>Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' When one will strike you to the head from his right side with an over-hew, so you hew as well against it with a wrath-hew from your right side (especially if he defends softly on the sword) and in the hew, throw-in the wrath-point into his face and thrust.<includeonly></p></includeonly><section end="wrath-1"/> <section begin="wrath-2"/><includeonly><p></includeonly>If he then sees it and notices and parries, then take-away above and strike around it from your left shoulder to his right with the short edge if it goes nearer<ref>alt: closer, sooner</ref> than the other. And break the biters to the head, to the body if you can. You may also properly take-away with the long edge, there after striking or severing<ref>this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean hewing while exiting</ref> from him, etc.</p><section end="wrath-2"/>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' When one will strike you to the head from his right side with an over-hew, so you hew as well against it with a wrath-hew from your right side (especially if he defends softly on the sword) and in the hew, throw-in the wrath-point into his face and thrust.<includeonly></p></includeonly><section end="wrath-1"/> <section begin="wrath-2"/><includeonly><p></includeonly>If he then sees it and notices and displaces, then take-away above and strike around it from your left shoulder to his right with the short edge if it goes nearer<ref>alt: closer, sooner</ref> than the other. And break the biters to the head, to the body if you can. You may also properly take-away with the long edge, there after striking or severing<ref>this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean hewing while exiting</ref> from him, etc.</p><section end="wrath-2"/>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
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| ''Be strong against it<br/>&emsp;Wind thrust, if he sees it above, then take it below''
 
| ''Be strong against it<br/>&emsp;Wind thrust, if he sees it above, then take it below''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' If you have both bound-upon with an over-hew and wrath-hew as above and have not yet thrown with the point. If he is then strong upon the sword, then be strong in-opposition and wind-up on the sword into the thrust or stab. If he then sees it and will ward it and fend-off and drive up into the air with the parrying; then, where it has connected, set the point underneath between his arms upon the breast</p><section end="wrath-7"/>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' If you have both bound-upon with an over-hew and wrath-hew as above and have not yet thrown with the point. If he is then strong upon the sword, then be strong in-opposition and wind-up on the sword into the thrust or stab. If he then sees it and will ward it and fend-off and drive up into the air with the displacement; then, where it has connected, set the point underneath between his arms upon the breast</p><section end="wrath-7"/>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
  
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| ''in all hits<br/>&emsp;of the masters if you wish to confound them.''
 
| ''in all hits<br/>&emsp;of the masters if you wish to confound them.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn to find hew, thrust, and cut in all winding, also so you shall be quite ready with all winding upon the sword. Because each winding has three particular plays, that is: a hew, a stab and a cut. And when you wind upon the sword, so you shall quite precisely test, so that you do not incorrectly select the play that is called for in the winding. Hence, you do not hew when you shall thrust and not thrust when you shall cut and when one parries the one, so you hit with the other. Hence, if one parries your stab, then deploy the hew. If one runs-in upon you, then deploy the under-cut into his arm. Note this in all hits and bindings-on of the sword if you wish to mock the masters that set themselves against you and do not understand.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn to find hew, thrust, and cut in all winding, also so you shall be quite ready with all winding upon the sword. Because each winding has three particular plays, that is: a hew, a stab and a cut. And when you wind upon the sword, so you shall quite precisely test, so that you do not incorrectly select the play that is called for in the winding. Hence, you do not hew when you shall thrust and not thrust when you shall cut and when one displaces the one, so you hit with the other. Hence, if one displaces your stab, then deploy the hew. If one runs-in upon you, then deploy the under-cut into his arm. Note this in all hits and bindings-on of the sword if you wish to mock the masters that set themselves against you and do not understand.</p>
  
 
<p>* Master Hans also calls for this back in other places.</p>
 
<p>* Master Hans also calls for this back in other places.</p>
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| ''upon any drive<br/>&emsp;without doubt as he bears.''
 
| ''upon any drive<br/>&emsp;without doubt as he bears.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' You shall here note the four openings upon the opponent that you shall always initiate-fencing. The first opening is the right side, the second the left side; above the girdle of the man. The other two are the right and the left sides below the girdle. Take precise note of the openings in the approach with whichever opening he opens himself against you. Target that cunningly without danger with the shooting-in of the long-point and with racing-after and also with the winding upon the sword and otherwise with all attacks and do not heed as he bears against you, thus if you perceive wisely and strike a strike thereupon, then that is exquisite and allows him to not come into his plays. And always target the opening and not the sword. If (he) will parry you, then work further to the closest opening with the war or otherwise.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' You shall here note the four openings upon the opponent that you shall always initiate-fencing. The first opening is the right side, the second the left side; above the girdle of the man. The other two are the right and the left sides below the girdle. Take precise note of the openings in the approach with whichever opening he opens himself against you. Target that cunningly without danger with the shooting-in of the long-point and with racing-after and also with the winding upon the sword and otherwise with all attacks and do not heed as he bears against you, thus if you perceive wisely and strike a strike thereupon, then that is exquisite and allows him to not come into his plays. And always target the opening and not the sword. If (he) will displace you, then work further to the closest opening with the war or otherwise.</p>
 
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| ''If you have understood this,<br/>&emsp;he may come to little.''
 
| ''If you have understood this,<br/>&emsp;he may come to little.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' As Master Hans Medel has said: If you have bound-upon with someone from earnest over-hews or otherwise and wish to take reckon<ref>rechnen: compute, take into account, align</ref> yourself and the opening. In this, he will have displaced and broken your strikes. If he then strikes back around to the other side into the other opening of your head with taking-away or otherwise, then you shall again break the openings, that is, striking with the doubling or the mutating so that you break the opening from one side to the other and becomes struck and you parry and strike as one without harm.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' As Master Hans Medel has said: If you have bound-upon with someone from earnest over-hews or otherwise and wish to take reckon<ref>rechnen: compute, take into account, align</ref> yourself and the opening. In this, he will have displaced and broken your strikes. If he then strikes back around to the other side into the other opening of your head with taking-away or otherwise, then you shall again break the openings, that is, striking with the doubling or the mutating so that you break the opening from one side to the other and becomes struck and you displace and strike as one without harm.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|1|lbl=25r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|1|lbl=25r}}
  
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| ''Crook-up swiftly,<br/>&emsp;throw the point upon the hands.''
 
| ''Crook-up swiftly,<br/>&emsp;throw the point upon the hands.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you shall hew crooked to the hands. Deploy it thusly: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword crooked out forward with the point upon the ground, that is, with crossed hands such that the long edge stands upwards well in the scales and the first play according to the text deploys thusly: When one initiates a hew at you from his right shoulder with an over- or under-hew, so step in well toward him with your right foot against him in this and let the crossed hand or the crook go-up and offset the hew with your sword with the long edge or point thrown well out-over his hand against<ref>towards</ref> his left side. Thereafter, war and work as you wish. But if he over-throws you with the hands with power with his going-up, then let it go easily and make a strike around it around your head into his left side with the short or long edge, whichever course goes nearer. He breaks that with mutating against you. This hew also breaks the guards of the oxen. When someone stands therein against you, so you must break your crooked-hew there-against. It also breaks over- and under-hews and is one of the four parries against the four guards such as the oxen.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you shall hew crooked to the hands. Deploy it thusly: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword crooked out forward with the point upon the ground, that is, with crossed hands such that the long edge stands upwards well in the scales and the first play according to the text deploys thusly: When one initiates a hew at you from his right shoulder with an over- or under-hew, so step in well toward him with your right foot against him in this and let the crossed hand or the crook go-up and offset the hew with your sword with the long edge or point thrown well out-over his hand against<ref>towards</ref> his left side. Thereafter, war and work as you wish. But if he over-throws you with the hands with power with his going-up, then let it go easily and make a strike around it around your head into his left side with the short or long edge, whichever course goes nearer. He breaks that with mutating against you. This hew also breaks the guards of the oxen. When someone stands therein against you, so you must break your crooked-hew there-against. It also breaks over- and under-hews and is one of the four displaces against the four guards such as the oxen.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25v.jpg|1|lbl=25v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25v.jpg|1|lbl=25v}}
  
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| ''The failer misleads. <br/>&emsp;It wounds from below according to desire.''
 
| ''The failer misleads. <br/>&emsp;It wounds from below according to desire.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, any fencer that likes to parry will be dazzled and misled and easily struck with the failer. Deploy it thusly: When you stand in the thwart and act as if you will strike him to his left side to the head from the thwart or from over-hews and in the hew divert or snatch away the hew and strike him with the thwart into the lower openings under his sword over to the left side of his hip or wherever it may occur to you and is called the wounding below if it is sent under under the sword and not from the under opening under the belt. Thus is he wounded according to desire and struck. War.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, any fencer that likes to displace will be dazzled and misled and easily struck with the failer. Deploy it thusly: When you stand in the thwart and act as if you will strike him to his left side to the head from the thwart or from over-hews and in the hew divert or snatch away the hew and strike him with the thwart into the lower openings under his sword over to the left side of his hip or wherever it may occur to you and is called the wounding below if it is sent under under the sword and not from the under opening under the belt. Thus is he wounded according to desire and struck. War.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Others speak thusly: When you have bound upon with someone, so twist your sword so that your thumb comes below, that is, into the thwart and stab him in the face with the point so you overwhelm him so that he must parry and in the parrying, run in and shove his elbow which wrestles as above, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Others speak thusly: When you have bound upon with someone, so twist your sword so that your thumb comes below, that is, into the thwart and stab him in the face with the point so you overwhelm him so that he must displace and in the displacement, run in and shove his elbow which wrestles as above, etc.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
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| ''The failer hits one twice. <br/>&emsp;Make the high cut with power.''
 
| ''The failer hits one twice. <br/>&emsp;Make the high cut with power.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>According to Master Hansen, [he] says: This is how you have misled with the first failer and struck him to his right side, etc. as above. So strike it back around swiftly yet once more to the other right side. That's called the double, etc. You can continue trebly thusly making it back around to the opening. If you then come upon his sword, such that he parries, then war or wind with him, etc. If he will then also strike, then go after him in-the-moment with the cut in over his arm and press after.</p>
+
<p>According to Master Hansen, [he] says: This is how you have misled with the first failer and struck him to his right side, etc. as above. So strike it back around swiftly yet once more to the other right side. That's called the double, etc. You can continue trebly thusly making it back around to the opening. If you then come upon his sword, such that he displaces, then war or wind with him, etc. If he will then also strike, then go after him in-the-moment with the cut in over his arm and press after.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
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| ''Whoever deploys the change, <br/>&emsp;the squinter robs him from that.''
 
| ''Whoever deploys the change, <br/>&emsp;the squinter robs him from that.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' The squint-hew is nothing other than the change-hew. Named according to the record, the squint-hew, which is such an exquisite hew, that breaks-in<ref>alt: breaks-apart, shatters, asunders; burgles; interrupts</ref> buffaloes or thugs, which take victory by force in hews and in stabs. Deploy the hew thusly: If you stand with your right foot forward and lay in the squint-hew, so that the thumb must be above on the sword. If he then hews into you from his right side, step into him swiftly in-the-moment with your left foot and offset his hew strongly with your short edge and from that, make a rapid strike from your left shoulder, crooked, with the long edge into the right side of his head, but if he comes against it very quickly and parries your hew so that you come upon his sword, then wind-in above with power and lay your sword on his throat. If he will then escape ever with force, then follow after him just mercifully so he may not rightly escape.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' The squint-hew is nothing other than the change-hew. Named according to the record, the squint-hew, which is such an exquisite hew, that breaks-in<ref>alt: breaks-apart, shatters, asunders; burgles; interrupts</ref> buffaloes or thugs, which take victory by force in hews and in stabs. Deploy the hew thusly: If you stand with your right foot forward and lay in the squint-hew, so that the thumb must be above on the sword. If he then hews into you from his right side, step into him swiftly in-the-moment with your left foot and offset his hew strongly with your short edge and from that, make a rapid strike from your left shoulder, crooked, with the long edge into the right side of his head, but if he comes against it very quickly and displaces your hew so that you come upon his sword, then wind-in above with power and lay your sword on his throat. If he will then escape ever with force, then follow after him just mercifully so he may not rightly escape.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|1|lbl=29v|p=1}}
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| ''Squint-on if he shortens you. <br/>&emsp;Changing-through brings victory.''<ref>ansiegen: to return with victory</ref>
 
| ''Squint-on if he shortens you. <br/>&emsp;Changing-through brings victory.''<ref>ansiegen: to return with victory</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is a teaching. When you come to him with the approach, you should squint<ref>glance, discern, glean</ref> whether he stands short or badly against you. So, with this, you shall identify when he hews into you, if he then does not stretch his arms out long from himself, then the sword is shortened. If you then lay before him in the squinter or lay before you in the fool by the head<ref>Ochs</ref>, then it is again shortened. For all windings or standings crooked in the sword in front of the opponent are short and shorten the sword. To all that hold themselves thusly, you shall freely change-through them with the long point out of hews and out of stabs into the face. With that you threaten them such that they must parry or allow themselves to be wounded or pierced. War. Master Hans likes to change-through if the right foot is before him and stands in the change or squinter and when one is shortened against him, especially standing in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref>.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is a teaching. When you come to him with the approach, you should squint<ref>glance, discern, glean</ref> whether he stands short or badly against you. So, with this, you shall identify when he hews into you, if he then does not stretch his arms out long from himself, then the sword is shortened. If you then lay before him in the squinter or lay before you in the fool by the head<ref>Ochs</ref>, then it is again shortened. For all windings or standings crooked in the sword in front of the opponent are short and shorten the sword. To all that hold themselves thusly, you shall freely change-through them with the long point out of hews and out of stabs into the face. With that you threaten them such that they must displace or allow themselves to be wounded or pierced. War. Master Hans likes to change-through if the right foot is before him and stands in the change or squinter and when one is shortened against him, especially standing in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref>.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>''If you stand crookedly or openly in the hanging parrying, as Seydenfaden had taught, it is also shortened and good for you to change-through.''</p>
+
| <p>''If you stand crookedly or openly in the hanging displacement, as Seydenfaden had taught, it is also shortened and good for you to change-through.''</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_31r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_31r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>Others differ thusly: When you hew-in above with the scalper, if he then parries high with the sword gripped with an armed hand or athwart over the head. That is called the crown against Seydenfaden's scalper and with that run-in with shoving, etc. It also takes-off the scalper. This also breaks someone like this again as above with the hilt thrown over that and cast down.</p>
+
| <p>Others differ thusly: When you hew-in above with the scalper, if he then displaces high with the sword gripped with an armed hand or athwart over the head. That is called the crown against Seydenfaden's scalper and with that run-in with shoving, etc. It also takes-off the scalper. This also breaks someone like this again as above with the hilt thrown over that and cast down.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>67</small>
 
| <small>67</small>
| ''Press the strike. <br/>&emsp;It moves-aside with cutting.''
+
| ''Press the strike. <br/>&emsp;It backs-off with cutting.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone backs off the scalper with the crown in the same way as above. So follow after him and backing him so you cut him on the head, etc. Then you separate off to the side.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone backs off the scalper with the crown in the same way as above. So follow after him and backing him so you cut him on the head, etc. Then you separate off to the side.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Other differ thusly: when he parries the scalper or otherwise a hew with the armed crown and with that runs-in, then take the cut under his hands, into his arms and press firmly upward and with the stroke back yourself off with it.</p>
+
| <p>Other differ thusly: when he displaces the scalper or otherwise a hew with the armed crown and with that runs-in, then take the cut under his hands, into his arms and press firmly upward and with the stroke back yourself off with it.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31v.jpg|1|lbl=31v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31v.jpg|1|lbl=31v}}
  
Line 789: Line 789:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''About the four parries.'''</p>
+
| <p>'''About the four displaces.'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>70</small>
 
| <small>70</small>
| ''Four are the parries <br/>&emsp;that also severely disrupt the four positions.''
+
| ''Four are the displaces <br/>&emsp;that also severely disrupt the four positions.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>71</small>
 
| <small>71</small>
 
| ''Guard yourself before Interposing. <br/>&emsp;If it happens of necessity, it beleaguers you.''
 
| ''Guard yourself before Interposing. <br/>&emsp;If it happens of necessity, it beleaguers you.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' You have heard before that you shall solely fence from the four positions or guards. But on the other hand, you shall also know that the four parries severely disrupt or break those same four positions. They are the four hews: crooked, thwart, squinter and scalper and they are nothing other than that which one thence carries him to the work. When he lies before you in a position, then when sword comes upon sword, so is each art with one another, that is, play and break from them both. Thus, you must break one of the four hews against it.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' You have heard before that you shall solely fence from the four positions or guards. But on the other hand, you shall also know that the four displaces severely disrupt or break those same four positions. They are the four hews: crooked, thwart, squinter and scalper and they are nothing other than that which one thence carries him to the work. When he lies before you in a position, then when sword comes upon sword, so is each art with one another, that is, play and break from them both. Thus, you must break one of the four hews against it.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|8|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|1|lbl=32v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|8|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|1|lbl=32v|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Therefore whatever you consider the best as such that you may turn and break it with the four hews against the four positions or hews. Thus you disrupt it and hence bring it to the work. Thereafter work with winding-in, warring, or hewing and thrusting as it gives itself. You find that written and taught beforehand in the five hews and stances, and in the offsetting. Therefore know that there is no parry called for in them,<ref>the leger or hut</ref> because the four hews that break them are called for. Therefore do not parry, and note when he hews, then you hew as well. If he stabs, then you stab as well and guard yourself so that you do not parry too much, if you wish to otherwise not become struck as the catch-fencers<ref>rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize</ref> do (and they can deploy nothing but parries).</p>
+
| <p>Therefore whatever you consider the best as such that you may turn and break it with the four hews against the four positions or hews. Thus you disrupt it and hence bring it to the work. Thereafter work with winding-in, warring, or hewing and thrusting as it gives itself. You find that written and taught beforehand in the five hews and stances, and in the offsetting. Therefore know that no displacing is called for in them,<ref>the leger or hut</ref> because the four hews that break them are called for. Therefore do not displace, and note when he hews, then you hew as well. If he stabs, then you stab as well and guard yourself so that you do not displacetoo much, if you wish to otherwise not become struck as the catch-fencers<ref>rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize</ref> do (and they can deploy nothing but displaces).</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Against the parrying'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Against the displacement'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 828: Line 828:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>73</small>
 
| <small>73</small>
| ''hear what I advise you: <br/>&emsp;sweep- or wrench-aside, hew quickly with haste.''
+
| ''hear what I advise you: <br/>&emsp;stroke- or wrench-off, hew quickly with haste.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is as you come into that, such that you have become parried, so note: if he parries an over-hew, then drive into the parrying with the pommel above his parried hand and with that wrench it aside downward and with the wrenching, strike him upon the head with the sword. Thereafter, you may fall with the left hand well into the blade and step behind him with the left foot and with the left arm in front of the throat and throw and balance him over the foot and that is called an over break-in.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is as you come into that, such that you have become parried, so note: if he displaces an over-hew, then drive into the displacement with the pommel above his parried hand and with that wrench it aside downward and with the wrenching, strike him upon the head with the sword. Thereafter, you may fall with the left hand well into the blade and step behind him with the left foot and with the left arm in front of the throat and throw and balance him over the foot and that is called an over break-in.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|1|lbl=33r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|1|lbl=33r|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Another play against the parry. Text:'''</p>
+
| <p>'''Another play against the displacement. Text:'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>According to the common gloss, others also say: When you cleave-in to him from your right shoulder, if you then wish to quickly end with that, then note when he parries, then strike quickly around with the thwart and grasp your sword in the middle of the blade and set the point into the face or set upon the four openings, to whichever you may or can best arrive.</p>
+
| <p>According to the common gloss, others also say: When you cleave-in to him from your right shoulder, if you then wish to quickly end with that, then note when he displaces, then strike quickly around with the thwart and grasp your sword in the middle of the blade and set the point into the face or set upon the four openings, to whichever you may or can best arrive.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>And if he parries one of the settings-on, then with the pommel, strike the left side of him into the other,  or drive over his right shoulder with the pommel in front of his neck, but spring with your right foot behind his left and move and throw him thereover.</p>
+
| <p>And if he displaces one of the settings-on, then with the pommel, strike the left side of him into the other,  or drive over his right shoulder with the pommel in front of his neck, but spring with your right foot behind his left and backed and thrown thereover.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|1|lbl=33v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|1|lbl=33v}}
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>But if you fence against someone from under-hews or the sweeps or lay against him in the fool or plow, if he then falls upon that with the sword before you come up with yours, then remain as such below, on the sword and left upwards. If he will then cleave-in from the parry or wind-in on the sword, then do not let him take-away from the sword, rather follow-after him thereon and work to the nearest opening with the war and the others.</p>
+
| <p>But if you fence against someone from under-hews or the strokes or lay against him in the fool or plow, if he then falls upon that with the sword before you come up with yours, then remain as such below, on the sword and left upwards. If he will then cleave-in from the displacement or wind-in on the sword, then do not let him take-away from the sword, rather follow-after him thereon and work to the nearest opening with the war and the others.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|1|lbl=34r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|1|lbl=34r|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The other''' inner goad is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then deploy the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or cutd. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the goad, working the stance or goad with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-hew or other settings-aside or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
+
| <p>'''The other''' inner goad is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then deploy the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or cutd. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the goad, working the stance or goad with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-hew or other offsettings or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
Line 1,002: Line 1,002:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Others speak thusly according to the common gloss: How you shall run-over when someone initiates fencing you below, understand that thusly: When you come to him with the approach, if he cleaves-into or thrusts you below, do not parry that, rather note when his under-hew or thrust goes against you, then cleave-in long against him above from his right shoulder and shoot-in the point above long into his face or chest and set-upon him so he may not reach you. If he then drives up from below and parries, then remain strong with the long edge (that's called strengthened) upon his sword and quickly work to the nearest opening or await upon the after with the war and any over-hew and any upward setting-on reaches-over the lower attack, thusly he becomes ashamed above.</p>
+
| <p>Others speak thusly according to the common gloss: How you shall run-over when someone initiates fencing you below, understand that thusly: When you come to him with the approach, if he cleaves-into or thrusts you below, do not displacethat, rather note when his under-hew or thrust goes against you, then cleave-in long against him above from his right shoulder and shoot-in the point above long into his face or chest and set-upon him so he may not reach you. If he then drives up from below and displaces, then remain strong with the long edge (that's called strengthened) upon his sword and quickly work to the nearest opening or await upon the after with the war and any over-hew and any upward setting-on reaches-over the lower attack, thusly he becomes ashamed above.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|1|lbl=36r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|1|lbl=36r|p=1}}
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| ''Whoever binds upon you, <br/>&emsp;the changing-through shortly finds him.''
 
| ''Whoever binds upon you, <br/>&emsp;the changing-through shortly finds him.''
 
|}
 
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' The changings-through are many and varied. You may deploy them from all guards or hews against the fencer that likes to parry and that hew to the sword and not to the openings of the body. You shall learn to deploy it quite well with prudence so that one does not set-on or otherwise come-in while you change-through. Deploy it thusly: When you come to him with the approach, cleave-in strongly above to the head. If he then counter-hews against you into the sword and not to the openings of the body, then let you point slip-through below during the hew before he binds you on the sword and stab him into the other side, etc. If he becomes aware of the stab and shortly drives-after the stab with the sword and will parry, then change-through again to the other side. And always deploy it when he drives to your sword with parrying. Deploy this to both sides, war.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' The changings-through are many and varied. You may deploy them from all guards or hews against the fencer that likes to displaceand that hew to the sword and not to the openings of the body. You shall learn to deploy it quite well with prudence so that one does not set-on or otherwise come-in while you change-through. Deploy it thusly: When you come to him with the approach, cleave-in strongly above to the head. If he then counter-hews against you into the sword and not to the openings of the body, then let you point slip-through below during the hew before he binds you on the sword and stab him into the other side, etc. If he becomes aware of the stab and shortly drives-after the stab with the sword and will displace, then change-through again to the other side. And always deploy it when he drives to your sword with displacement. Deploy this to both sides, war.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
  
Line 1,060: Line 1,060:
 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
  
<p>Note this play precisely when he parries you and allows the point to go out next to you to one side in the parrying. So boldly change-through and stab against the other side. Or if he remains with point before your face or otherwise against the other openings of your body, then do not change-through and remain on the sword and work to his nearest opening so he cannot race-after nor set-on you. War.</p>
+
<p>Note this play precisely when he displaces you and allows the point to go out next to you to one side in the displacement. So boldly change-through and stab against the other side. Or if he remains with point before your face or otherwise against the other openings of your body, then do not change-through and remain on the sword and work to his nearest opening so he cannot race-after nor set-on you. War.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 1,226: Line 1,226:
 
| <p>'''Work from the third stance, the speaking-window, with the after'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Work from the third stance, the speaking-window, with the after'''</p>
  
<p>'''The first''' play: When you stand as in the third stance as above in the speaking-window, if someone then runs-in with force as with the window with its parrying or sword crossed-over and looks through the arms, then set-upon gently. If he then will continue to work wherever he will go, then follow after him with the war, etc. [The war] goes from both sides. Also, if the war goes from his left side, he needs to run-in crooked.</p>
+
<p>'''The first''' play: When you stand as in the third stance as above in the speaking-window, if someone then runs-in with force as with the window with its displacement or sword crossed-over and looks through the arms, then set-upon gently. If he then will continue to work wherever he will go, then follow after him with the war, etc. [The war] goes from both sides. Also, if the war goes from his left side, he needs to run-in crooked.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|1|lbl=39v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|1|lbl=39v}}
  
Line 1,241: Line 1,241:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he will carry-aside your sword in his going-up as before from the crooked setting-on, then disengage again as before. War if it is necessary to do and the disengaging and war goes to both sides. You may again double and mutate him if he disengages.</p>
+
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he will carry-off your sword in his going-up as before from the crooked setting-on, then disengage again as before. War if it is necessary to do and the disengaging and war goes to both sides. You may again double and mutate him if he disengages.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the speaking-window and he will strike-into you from his right side with an over-hew to your right opening and make a disengaging or transferal<ref>alt: misleading</ref> to your right, then, in-the-moment, follow in after him with the crook to his head, etc. War if it is necessary. Upon the other side: parry long or crooked, war.</p>
+
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the speaking-window and he will strike-into you from his right side with an over-hew to your right opening and make a disengaging or transferal<ref>alt: misleading</ref> to your right, then, in-the-moment, follow in after him with the crook to his head, etc. War if it is necessary. Upon the other side: displacelong or crooked, war.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
  

Revision as of 01:58, 4 May 2017

Hans Medel von Salzburg

A play from Medel's fencing manual
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Salzburg, Germany
Movement Liechtenauer tradition
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s) Codex I.6.2º.5 (1539)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Magyar fordítás

Hans Medel von Salzburg (Hans Niedel, Hans Mendel) was an early 16th century German fencing master. Salzburg is a city in northern Austria, and he seems to have operated as a burgher and Schirmmeister there from at least 1503.[1] Little else is known about this master, but he seems to have been associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. He may have traced his lineage through Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, a member of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer,[2] as Medel's text is the only known source that mentions the earlier master's teachings.

Medel's name is attached to a manuscript treatise on swordsmanship from 1539, including an incomplete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital and an addendum on fencing based on "the Seven Stances". This gloss is unique in the Liechtenauer tradition in that it not only offers direct commentary on the Recital, but also demonstrates an awareness of the earlier glosses of Sigmund ain Ringeck (from which a great deal of text is lifted) and Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and even includes occasional criticisms of and corrections to their teachings. In a few places the gloss specifically describes a teaching of Hans Seydenfaden or Hans Medel, but in several more it merely attributes the teaching to "Master Hans" without indicating which one. This manuscript eventually passed into the library of Paulus Hector Mair, who bound it into the current Codex I.6.2º.5 some time after 1566; unfortunately, the extant fragment of the gloss terminates abruptly at the beginning of the section on Zucken, and the remainder of Medel's gloss is currently lost.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, vol. 40. Salzburg, 1900. p 177.
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. alt: right
  4. alt: side
  5. alt: defense
  6. the artist/professional doing their work
  7. alt: gladly valuing in the arts
  8. alt: gladly valuing with kindness
  9. alt: right
  10. alt: weapon
  11. eindrohen: to imminently threaten
  12. Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.
  13. alt: closer, sooner
  14. this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean hewing while exiting
  15. widerschlagen: to strike against, in a reverberating sense
  16. rechnen: compute, take into account, align
  17. towards
  18. In the standard verse it is 'ab', not 'fast'
  19. severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently
  20. videlicet: namely; to wit
  21. abhauen: to sever or to hew in exit
  22. alt: high
  23. ausheben: lift out
  24. conjecture, possibly: 'neben'
  25. 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9 The text here is hidden by a crease in the page.
  26. alt: breaks-apart, shatters, asunders; burgles; interrupts
  27. ansiegen: to return with victory
  28. glance, discern, glean
  29. Ochs
  30. Ochs
  31. Ochs
  32. could also mean 'carelessly'
  33. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  34. across
  35. across
  36. your leger
  37. the leger or hut
  38. rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize
  39. no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"
  40. alt: flying
  41. alt: exit
  42. mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate
  43. alternately: old
  44. marginalia: 'malz' => bad, weak
  45. Or possibly "maler"
  46. Here some pages apparently have been lost, unfortunately.
  47. alt: across
  48. alt: it
  49. alt: inside
  50. alt: misleading
  51. alt: across
  52. alt: open